WO1995025640A1 - Procedimiento biometrico de seguridad y autentificacion de tarjetas de identidad y de credito, visados, pasaportes y reconocimiento facial - Google Patents
Procedimiento biometrico de seguridad y autentificacion de tarjetas de identidad y de credito, visados, pasaportes y reconocimiento facial Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995025640A1 WO1995025640A1 PCT/ES1995/000021 ES9500021W WO9525640A1 WO 1995025640 A1 WO1995025640 A1 WO 1995025640A1 ES 9500021 W ES9500021 W ES 9500021W WO 9525640 A1 WO9525640 A1 WO 9525640A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- card
- computer
- facial
- features
- image
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/23—Identity cards
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/309—Photographs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/16—Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/16—Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
- G06V40/168—Feature extraction; Face representation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
- G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
- G07C9/253—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition visually
Definitions
- the present invention refers to a biometric security and authentication system for identity cards, visas and passports, as well as facial recognition of the holder, whose purpose is to provide Said identification documents have unique validation elements that allow the authentication of both the owner and said identity documents, whether authentic or false, if they have been manipulated or reproduced fraudulently, changing or substituting the identity, filiation data or facial image.
- a validation or security system has been designed by printing on the identity document some colored lines in the form of a fret or watermark that represent, in a coded and unequivocal manner, the topology of the identity card itself in its most sensitive parts, in such a way that when trying to reproduce or falsify said identity documents, such manipulation or fraudulent reproduction is clearly revealed.
- the security validation object of the invention is based on a double application aspect for this purpose.
- points are taken, randomly by means of a parameterizable algorithm, on the identity document card.
- the choice of these points is made to depend on parameters such as, for example, the owner's date of birth, thus individualizing the selection of said points by means of a scanner that analyzes the color of each point or its shades of gray, being these values coded in numerical form and assigning at the same time an equivalence to a determined color.
- a scanner that analyzes the color of each point or its shades of gray, being these values coded in numerical form and assigning at the same time an equivalence to a determined color.
- the object of the invention in close application to the authentication of people and their identity documents or cards, the constitution of a database of pattern features with which, by comparing the zoned facial features, obtain a synthetic image of the person by adding the basic features extracted from the database of pattern features, which in turn allow a numerical coding and a translation into its equivalent color coding, which, due to the above, said numerical code or the Colored line border is printed on the card or identity document as validation, completed with additional colored lines that encode the date of birth, the name and surname with their first initials or complete.
- the invention makes it possible to use and make compatible the two validation modalities on the same high-security identity card or document, as well as facial recognition of the holders of said identity documents.
- a database of standard features is created with which, by comparing the zoned facial features, to obtain a synthetic image of the person by adding the basic features. extracted from the database of pattern features, which in turn allow a numerical coding and a translation into its equivalent color coding, which, due to the above, said numerical code or the colored line fret is printed on the card or identity document as validation, completed with the additional colored lines that code the date of birth, the name and surname with their first initials or complete.
- the document in question incorporates special covers on which all the security validations related to pigments are directly printed, as well as all the watermarks.
- biometric validation methods have had almost no application, both in security and as a means of authenticating the person holding the card or identity document and the card itself as authentic or falsified/manipulated.
- the procedure of the invention has been conceived, through which security validations and authentication of the card or identity document itself are provided, as well as of the owner person.
- the procedure is also biometric and can be used to authenticate each of the people who make up a community within a census or population register computer system.
- the way to have a reliable reference to determine the authenticity or falsity of an identity card or identification document, and therefore of the person holding it consists of establishing a series of significant points of the same chosen univocally, that is to say , depending on some parameters specific to that card and the identity of the holder, and make the numerical meaning of these points, both of a topological nature of the card or identity document, ity as of a biometric type, that is, depending on the facial features of the facial image of the holder transferred onto the card, and print the meaning or equivalence of these topological or biometric points in numerical or color line coding on the card, in such a way that in such a way that they form part of the information of the same or of the identity document in an unalterable way and in an unambiguous relationship unknown, logically, by the presumed or possible forgers of said documents.
- the database of pattern features it is planned to compare the zoned facial features and obtain a synthetic image or robot facial image of the person by adding the basic features extracted from said database, in turn allowing a numerical coding and a translation into its equivalent color coding, said numerical code or colored lines printed on the card or identity document as validation, completed with additional colored lines or bars that encode the date of birth , name and surname, with their first initials or full letters.
- Another novel feature consists of providing the document with an additional validation consisting of the printing of the latent image derived from the easy or photographic image of the holder, or of the printing of the commented easy latent image in which the original features have been replaced by those that most resemble and coincide with the corresponding pattern traits contained in the database of reference pattern traits of the computer system.
- the object of the invention is the printing, where appropriate, of the composite facial image or synthetic image derived from the original photograph of the holder on the aforementioned identity documents, cards, visas and passports, applying the analysis systematic of traits, extraction of characteristics and parametric points of the same.
- Figure 1. Shows a reference configuration of an identity document, credit card, visa or passport, with the location of the holder's facial image, and the real or virtual color coding window.
- Figure 2. Shows a view of the possible significant points on the card that can be selected for numerical coding and its translation in a color line, concentrating the selection of these points on the holder's photograph.
- Figure 3. Shows the configuration of the real or virtual window of the online color translation of the number of the numerical coding derived from the significant points of the card, as well as from the pattern features to which the holder's facial image is equivalent.
- Figure 4. Shows a possible facial segmentation for the extraction of pattern features that serve as a reference to build a database of pattern features, with which, in turn, and based on said facial segmentation, it is possible to analyze each basic feature of each person and search for its equivalent in the base of pattern features, by means of the facial recognition computer system of the computer/workstation.
- the holder of the card or identity document is printed on the card or identity document.
- the color line coding window 3 is determined and located anywhere on the card.
- the facial image 5 of the holder has been chosen just above, also providing for the printing of some marks 4 or reference sights for the scanner/camcorder to center the facial image, and for the choice of significant points of the card.
- the horizontal and vertical marks 4 can be observed, so that the computer, with the help of the algorithm will virtually draw the lines CD and IJ as Central reference lines that, although for all the cards are located in exactly the same place, will cross the different facial images of the other cards in different areas.
- the computer will also draw the remaining lines AB, EF, GH and KL, based on a calculable distance between some limits that can be determined in a maximum variation of several millimeters and according to the parameter of the date of birth, with which the distances between lines will be different from one identity card to another. Therefore, the intersection points obtained from the intersections of these lines, referenced with the numbers 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, will be equally different from one identity card to another, with the particularity that other points can be chosen through the intersection of circles and lines, for example.
- a characteristic of color and its shades or of gray and its shades may be established, with a maximum of up to 256 shades in both cases, for each chosen point.
- This color characteristic if the facial image of the card is colored, attributable to each chosen point or gray scale if the facial image is black/white, allows a numerical coding for each point, for example, the international PANTONE color numbering or another equally applicable in secret.
- This numbering of the selected points can be printed on the card, or the equivalent colors in the form of a colored line fret, constituting the real or virtual encoding window 3, the printing being carried out by a printer connected to the previously mentioned personal computer. ity, and whose printing will logically be done on card 1 in the way that by way of example is exposed in figure 3.
- the real or virtual coding window 3 is printed with significant lines 15 of different colors, according to their topological position, each one representing the identifying weight or color or gray tone of the selected points 6 to 14.
- the window coding is completed with lines that represent, depending on their colour, the first and last names or their initials, as well as the date of birth.
- the watermarks or frets of the referred coding window are completed with neutral lines 16 that separate the significant coded lines 15.
- the encoding window 3, whether actually marked on card 1 or virtually framed, must have adequate dimensions so that the scanner/camcorder has redundant information on each of the significant lines of the border and can discern colors with complete accuracy.
- the recommended dimensions are approximately 2.5 cm. long and about 2.5 to 3 mm. Tall.
- the coding contained in the border with the lines of the window 3 or the equivalent numbering printed on the card is an unequivocal means of authentication of the facial image of the same and of the card itself, thus authenticating its holder.
- the bioethical modality of the invention is based on the use of a neural network system for the recognition of those that are currently available on the market, but specifically adapted as explained below for the purpose of the patent.
- the constitution of a facial recognition system that is the object of the patent is based on a scanner/image video camera or CCD line, black/white or color connected to a computer workstation, or a very powerful personal computer. which in turn is connected to a high-resolution color printer, which can be ink droplet injection, thermal transfer/sublimation, or photoelectrostatic/electrophotographic.
- the generic pattern recognition program based on neural networks/fuzzy logic is located in the computer workstation/personal computer.
- the facial image of the generic person is divided into facial zones, which contain the basic and fundamental features of any face related to hair 17, or to the forehead 18, to eyes and eyebrows 19, to nose and ear 20, mouth 21 and chin 23, as well as neck 22.
- these zones are in turn reclassified according to whether the face is bony, round, triangular, etc.
- the personal computer/computer workstation with the aforementioned comparison criteria, exclusively takes from each real face only 75% of the features corresponding to the established segmentation, so that no real face, at the end of the process, is contained in the system's pattern trait database.
- the computer system compares these facial areas exhaustively with each other and establishes which features of each area of the face and of each person are precisely the same or very similar, and which of the entire set are different and those that are obtained as different zonal features within the entire analyzed set, going to the base of pattern features or reference features.
- the process can be repeated with faces of a group of people of different races and forms of attire and modalities, for example, with glasses of one or another. type, with a beard in one way or another, with a hairstyle of one nature or another, etc., which enriches the system's database of pattern features, which can reach tens of thousands of different ones.
- Each pattern feature in white, black or color is assigned a specific number within said database of pattern features, so that the system thus constituted is a facial recognition system with which a series of practical applications are obtained. , which form part of the present invention and which are set forth below.
- the facial image contained in it is digitized with the scanner, as well as, if possible, live by means of a video camera, so that the computer system will analyze the facial segmentation by comparing the resulting features with the pattern features contained in the system's pattern feature database.
- a synthetic facial image is obtained that characterizes and identifies said person and that is represented on the computer screen of the system, in black/white or color, also obtaining a resulting numerical coding that uniquely characterizes said person. holder of the card or identity document.
- the numerical coding or its equivalent in color line coding is printed directly on the card or identity document in the form of a window 3, with real or virtual framing, constituting the colored border that has already been has described. Printing is done by the printer connected to the personal computer/system workstation or facial recognition.
- the numbering or numerical code mentioned or the colored line border of the window 3 codes, printed on the card allow the authentication of the card and its holder.
- Other colored lines have been added to the code of colored lines in the fret that encode the name and surname, as well as the date of birth of the holder.
- the aforementioned numbering or the equivalent of the colored lines of the border in window 3 is digitized using a scanner/camcorder and compared with the coding that results from analysis by the computer with its facial recognition system. , the features of the photo or facial image of the card with the pattern features to which they give rise, extracted from the pattern features database. The full match in this comparison shows that the card is authentic and the facial image of the card thus authenticates the person of the holder.
- the possibility of extending live facial recognition is obtained, that is, with a video camera through digitized photography with the scanner, both connected to the computer, to the people who are part of a specific group whose features/traits have been analyzed and a numerical coding of the pattern traits that identify and characterize it has been obtained, and which is contained in a database of population or wanted persons of interest police etc
- the photograph of a facial image is adequately digitized by means of a scanner/video-camera, obtaining a black/white virtual facial image with 64 to 256 gray tones.
- the resulting virtual image is then internally explored by the specific computer program to detect the horizontal zone that provides the maximum frequency of information.
- a Sobel or gradient operator, or another similar one is applied by means of a certain gray threshold, directly obtaining a new virtual facial image with the corresponding edges-contours of the face and the features resulting from the eyes, nose, mouth and chin, if applicable.
- the computer determines the center point of the eyes and measures the length and width, as well as the positioning, of the eyes, nose, mouth and chin, if any.
- the differentiating characteristics of the easy features are extracted by means of a specific computer program, so that the value of each pixel, in terms of gray intensity within the rectangle of the selected information in which the eyes, nose are described and mouth, it is compared with a reference threshold, the comparison being carried out by means of the aforementioned computer program.
- the spatial composition and intensity distribution of grays is determined, by means of neural networks/fuzzy logic technology, obtaining spatial values with respective representation of vectors.
- the pattern features contained in the reference database are subjected to the same process indicated above, in such a way that for each pattern feature the corresponding characteristic spatial values and the respective vectors will be obtained, all of this in such a way that for any photograph of treated facial image, the comparison of their extracted features relative to eyes, nose, mouth and chin will be established, obtaining the equivalent pattern traits in the reference database that present the most coincidence or similarity in relation to that of the facial image of departure.
- Said pattern features are also printed on the identity card or document in question, also printing the numerical code or color code corresponding to the selected pattern traits, printing by means of the respective printer connected to the computer of the system.
- the computer program of the computer knows the distances and corresponding angle of the approximately 50 to 100 most significant points, depending on the type of facial image, of the edge or contour of the face referred to the central point between the eyes, in such a way that with said distances and their respective angles, a complete parametric coding of the facial image corresponding to the face of the starting photograph is obtained, using 400 to 600 characters (bytes), in such a way that these differentiating parameters of the facial image are transmitted by the computer that generated them, transmission that can be carried out over conventional telecommunication lines to another computer located at the other end of the transmission line itself, receiving that receiving computer the aforementioned characteristic parameters, on the basis of which it faithfully reconstructs the starting facial image, all based on the fact that the aforementioned receiving computer has at its disposal the same database of pattern features from which it obtains the pattern features related to eyes, nose and mouth, corresponding to the coding contained in the received parameters.
- the document in question is provided with an additional validation consisting of the printing of the latent image derived from the facial or photographic image of the holder, or the printing of the aforementioned latent facial image in which the original traits have been replaced by those that most resemble and coincide with the corresponding pattern traits contained in the database of reference pattern traits of the computer system.
- the object of the invention is the printing, where appropriate, of the facial image composed or synthetic image derived from the original photograph of the holder on the aforementioned identity documents, cards, visas and passports, applying the systematic analysis of features, extraction of characteristics and parametric points of the same.
- Latent facial image is defined as the image obtained by digital scanning of the original photograph of the holder of the identity documents, visa, passport and that is printed in a synthesized way in several colors or, preferably in a single color, where the objective is to make highlight the identity and similarity of that latent facial image with the original, on said identity documents, as it is a duplication of the same on the mentioned documents.
- the object of the invention is to constitute a transparent polyester cover on whose internal face prints are applied with reflective pigment inks and inks visible to uv light, as well as the printing of a box.
- An electric discharge is applied to the same internal face, followed by extrusion by hot deposit of a layer of low-density polyethylene or polypropylene, so that a thin sheet of copper is superimposed on the surface thus formed, or made of aluminum or non-thermolaminating plastic, whose sheet will be affected by complementary windows or holes that coincide with the boxes printed on the mentioned transparent polyester cover, all this after carrying out an electric corona discharge, then proceeding to make a hot deposit Low-density polyethylene or polypropylene, optionally with a collagen/gelatin mixture, for the absorption of water-soluble inks.
- facial images, color watermarks, etc. are printed on that same surface and optionally, also in a specular manner, with either electrophotographic or photoelectrostatic printing, even by conventional printing.
- its core will be made of white paper, or white polyester or any other type of white plastic and will optionally include continuous printing lines, with the particularity that an electrical discharge is applied on both sides. crown, then proceeding to hot extrusion of low-density polyethylene or polypropylene that is fully hot-laminated with the personalized covers previously defined.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU17077/95A AU1707795A (en) | 1994-03-21 | 1995-02-20 | Biometric security process for authenticating identity and credit cards, visas, passports and facial recognation |
US08/553,352 US5787186A (en) | 1994-03-21 | 1995-02-20 | Biometric security process for authenticating identity and credit cards, visas, passports and facial recognition |
EP95908943A EP0703094A1 (en) | 1994-03-21 | 1995-02-20 | Biometric security process for authenticating identity and credit cards, visas, passports and facial recognation |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES09400595A ES2102296B1 (es) | 1994-03-21 | 1994-03-21 | Procedimiento biometrico de seguridad y autentificacion de tarjetas de identidad y de credito, visados, pasaportes y reconocimiento facial. |
ESP9400595 | 1994-03-21 | ||
ESP9401171 | 1994-05-26 | ||
ES09401171A ES2102307B1 (es) | 1994-03-21 | 1994-05-26 | Perfeccionamientos introducidos en la patente de invencion n- p-9400595/8, por: procedimiento biometrico de seguridad y autentificacion de tarjetas de identidad y de credito, visados, pasaportes y reconocimiento facial. |
ES09401452A ES2105936B1 (es) | 1994-03-21 | 1994-07-05 | Perfeccionamientos introducidos en la patente de invencion n. p-9400595/8 por: procedimiento biometrico de seguridad y autentificacion de tarjetas de identidad y de credito, visados, pasaportes y reconocimiento facial. |
ESP9401452 | 1994-07-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1995025640A1 true WO1995025640A1 (es) | 1995-09-28 |
Family
ID=27240513
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES1995/000021 WO1995025640A1 (es) | 1994-03-21 | 1995-02-20 | Procedimiento biometrico de seguridad y autentificacion de tarjetas de identidad y de credito, visados, pasaportes y reconocimiento facial |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5787186A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0703094A1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN1050328C (es) |
AU (1) | AU1707795A (es) |
CA (1) | CA2163341A1 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2105936B1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO1995025640A1 (es) |
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CN1128006A (zh) | 1996-07-31 |
CN1050328C (zh) | 2000-03-15 |
CA2163341A1 (en) | 1995-09-28 |
US5787186A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
ES2105936B1 (es) | 1998-06-01 |
ES2105936A1 (es) | 1997-10-16 |
AU1707795A (en) | 1995-10-09 |
EP0703094A1 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
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