WO1996001942A1 - Improved compressed air energy storage system - Google Patents
Improved compressed air energy storage system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996001942A1 WO1996001942A1 PCT/US1995/006779 US9506779W WO9601942A1 WO 1996001942 A1 WO1996001942 A1 WO 1996001942A1 US 9506779 W US9506779 W US 9506779W WO 9601942 A1 WO9601942 A1 WO 9601942A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pressure compressed
- high pressure
- expander
- compressed air
- low pressure
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/003—Gas-turbine plants with heaters between turbine stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
- F02C1/05—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly characterised by the type or source of heat, e.g. using nuclear or solar energy
- F02C1/06—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly characterised by the type or source of heat, e.g. using nuclear or solar energy using reheated exhaust gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/14—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads
- F02C6/16—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads for storing compressed air
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to the recovery of energy from compressed air in a Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) system.
- CAES Compressed Air Energy Storage
- CAES Compressed Air Energy Storage
- CAES plants store off-peak energy from relatively inexpen ⁇ sive energy sources such as coal and nuclear baseload plants by compressing air into storage devices such as underground caverns or reservoirs. This compressed air is then withdrawn from storage during intermediate or peak power demand periods, and is heated, combined with fuel and expanded through expanders, i.e., turbines, to provide needed power. Since inexpensive off-peak energy is used to compress the air, the need for premium fuels, such as natural gas and imported oil, is reduced by as much as about two thirds compared with conventional gas turbines.
- Compressors and turbines in CAES plants are each connected to a generator/motor device through respective clutches, permitting operation either solely of the compressors or solely of the turbines during appropriate selected time periods.
- the turbine clutch is disengaged and the compressor train is driven through its clutch by the generator/motor.
- the generator/motor func- tions as a motor, drawing power from a power grid. The compressed air is then cooled and delivered to underground storage.
- air is withdrawn from storage, is heated with a first combustor to a temperature of up to 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, and is then expanded to a low pressure com- pressed air by a first, high pressure expander, preferably a turbine.
- the first expander thus recovers most of the energy in the high pressure compressed air.
- the low pressure compressed air is then heated with a second combustor to a temperature of about 1600 degrees Fahren- heit, and is then passed through a second, low pressure expander, also a turbine, to recover additional energy from the stored compressed air.
- a recuperator recovers heat from the exhaust gases of the second, low pressure expand ⁇ er, which are generally at between 600 to 700 degrees Fahrenheit, and uses the heat to help the first combustor preheat the high pressure compressed air, prior to induc ⁇ tion into the first, high pressure expander.
- CAES compression air energy storage
- a system for recovering energy from a high pressure compressed gas includes a first, high pressure expander for receiving the high pressure compressed gas and expanding the high pressure compressed gas to a lower pressure compressed gas to produce mechanical energy; a second, low pressure expander for receiving the lower pressure compressed gas and for expanding the lower pressure compressed gas to an exhaust gas to produce additional mechanical energy,- a combustor interposed between the first expander and the second expander for heating the low pressure compressed gas before it is inducted into the second expander; and a recuperator for recovering heat energy from the exhaust gas of the second expander and for heating the high pressure compressed gas with the recovered heat energy before the high pressure compressed gas is inducted into the first, high pressure expander; wherein no heat source other than the recuperator is provided for directly heating the high pressure com ⁇ pressed gas, and the combustor is of sufficient capacity to heat the low pressure compressed gas to a temperature that will ensure the exhaust gas of the second expander is hot enough to permit the recuperator to sufficiently heat the high pressure compressed gas.
- FIGURE 1 is a schematic depiction of an improved compressed air energy storage system that is constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- an improved compressed air energy storage (CAES) system 10 that is constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention includes a motor/generator 12 for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, and vice versa, depending upon the mode that CAES system 10 happens to be in.
- motor/generator 12 is coupled to a compressor 16 via a drive mechanism that includes a clutch 14, so that when electricity is applied to motor/generator 12, clutch 14 may be engaged, causing compressor 16 to compress atmospheric air and supply the high pressure compressed air to a air storage cavern or chamber 18 via a first pressure conduit 20.
- a valve 22 is interposed in first pressure conduit 20.
- a second pressure conduit 24 is communicated with air storage cavern 18.
- a valve 26 is interposed in second pressure conduit 24.
- Improved CAES system 10 advantageously includes an improved system 28 for recovering energy from the high pressure compressed gas that is stored in cavern or chamber 18.
- Improved recovery system 28 includes a high pressure expander 30, a low pressure expander 32, a combustor 34 that is interposed between high pressure expander 30 and low pressure expander 32, and a recuperator 36.
- the high pressure and low pressure expanders 30, 32 are mechanically coupled to motor/generator 12 via a drive train that has a second clutch 38 interposed therein, as is clearly shown in FIGURE 1.
- combustor 34 which preferably operates on liquid propane, is of sufficient capacity so as to be able to heat the low pressure compressed air that is exhausted from high pressure expander 30 sufficiently so that exhaust gases from low pressure expander 30 are hot enough that recuperator 36 can recover enough heat from the exhaust gases to adequately heat the high pressure com- pressed air supplied to high pressure expander 30 without the need for a separate combustor prior to high pressure expander 30.
- combustor 34 is capable of heating the low compressor compressed air between high pressure expander 30 and low pressure expander 32 to a temperature of between 2070 to 2500 degrees Fahrenheit, at a pressure of between 210 to 235 psi. Most preferably, the air is heated to about 2300°F at a pressure of approximately 220 psi.
- mo- tor/generator 12 In operation, electrical energy is supply to mo- tor/generator 12 during off-peak periods, and mo ⁇ tor/generator 12 drives compressor 16 to introduce high pressure compressed air into an air storage cavern or chamber 18.
- high pressure compressed air from cavern 18 is introduced into second pressure conduit 24 by opening valve 26.
- This high pressure compressed air is passed through recuperator 36, and is heated by the exhaust gases from low pressure expander 32 prior to being supplied to inlet of high pressure expander 30.
- High pressure expander 30 receives the high pressure compressed air and expands the high pressure compressed air to a lower pressure compressed air to produce mechanical energy, which is transmitted to mo- tor/generator 12 and converted to electricity that is supplied to a power grid.
- the lower pressure compressed air that is exhausted from high pressure expander 30 is supplied to combustor 34, which heats the low pressure compressed air to a temperature of approximately 2300°F .
- the heated low temperature compressed air is supplied to low pressure expander 32, which expands the low pressure compressed air to exhaust gas to produce additional mechanical energy that is transmitted to motor/generator 12 and converted into additional electricity.
- the exhaust gases are at a temperature of approximately 950° to 1050°F. This temperature is sufficient to enable recuperator 36 to recover enough energy to adequately heat the high pressure compressed gas prior pressure expander 30 without the need for an additional combustor at that point. As a result, substantial cost savings are achieved.
Abstract
In a compressed air energy storage (CAES) system, a powerful combustor (34) is interposed between the high pressure expander (30) and low pressure expander (32) to ensure that exhaust gases from the low pressure expander (32) will be hot enough that, when passed through a recuperator (36), enough heat energy is recovered by the recuperator (36) to adequately preheat the high pressure compressed air that is supplied to the high pressure expander (30). As a result, no combustor is needed to preheat the high pressure compressed air, and substantial cost savings are achieved over systems that did use two combustors.
Description
IMPROVED COMPRESSED AIR ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
This invention relates generally to the recovery of energy from compressed air in a Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) system.
Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) power plants are in use in the United States and throughout the world. CAES plants store off-peak energy from relatively inexpen¬ sive energy sources such as coal and nuclear baseload plants by compressing air into storage devices such as underground caverns or reservoirs. This compressed air is then withdrawn from storage during intermediate or peak power demand periods, and is heated, combined with fuel and expanded through expanders, i.e., turbines, to provide needed power. Since inexpensive off-peak energy is used to compress the air, the need for premium fuels, such as natural gas and imported oil, is reduced by as much as about two thirds compared with conventional gas turbines.
Compressors and turbines in CAES plants are each connected to a generator/motor device through respective clutches, permitting operation either solely of the compressors or solely of the turbines during appropriate selected time periods. During off-peak periods (i.e., nights and weekends) , the turbine clutch is disengaged and the compressor train is driven through its clutch by the generator/motor. In this mode, the generator/motor func- tions as a motor, drawing power from a power grid. The compressed air is then cooled and delivered to underground storage. During peak/intermediate periods, with the
compressor clutch disengaged and the turbine clutch en¬ gaged, air is withdrawn from storage, is heated with a first combustor to a temperature of up to 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, and is then expanded to a low pressure com- pressed air by a first, high pressure expander, preferably a turbine. The first expander thus recovers most of the energy in the high pressure compressed air. The low pressure compressed air is then heated with a second combustor to a temperature of about 1600 degrees Fahren- heit, and is then passed through a second, low pressure expander, also a turbine, to recover additional energy from the stored compressed air. A recuperator recovers heat from the exhaust gases of the second, low pressure expand¬ er, which are generally at between 600 to 700 degrees Fahrenheit, and uses the heat to help the first combustor preheat the high pressure compressed air, prior to induc¬ tion into the first, high pressure expander.
Such systems were effective, but expensive to build and maintain. For example, each combustor costs several hundred thousand dollars to build and install. It is clear that significant cost savings and other advantages would be created if it were possible to eliminate one or more of the expensive components in such systems.
Accordingly, it is the object of the invention to provide an improve compression air energy storage (CAES) system that provides significant cost savings and other advantages over prior such system.
In order to achieve the above and other objects of the invention, a system for recovering energy from a high pressure compressed gas includes a first, high pressure expander for receiving the high pressure compressed gas and expanding the high pressure compressed gas to a lower pressure compressed gas to produce mechanical energy; a second, low pressure expander for receiving the lower pressure compressed gas and for expanding the lower pressure compressed gas to an exhaust gas to produce additional mechanical energy,- a combustor interposed between the first expander and the second expander for
heating the low pressure compressed gas before it is inducted into the second expander; and a recuperator for recovering heat energy from the exhaust gas of the second expander and for heating the high pressure compressed gas with the recovered heat energy before the high pressure compressed gas is inducted into the first, high pressure expander; wherein no heat source other than the recuperator is provided for directly heating the high pressure com¬ pressed gas, and the combustor is of sufficient capacity to heat the low pressure compressed gas to a temperature that will ensure the exhaust gas of the second expander is hot enough to permit the recuperator to sufficiently heat the high pressure compressed gas.
These and various other advantages and features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed hereto and forming a part hereof. However, for a better understanding of the invention, its advantages, and the objects obtained by its use, reference should be made to the drawings which form a further part hereof, and to the accompanying descriptive matter, in which there is illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURE 1 is a schematic depiction of an improved compressed air energy storage system that is constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Referring now to FIGURE 1, an improved compressed air energy storage (CAES) system 10 that is constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention includes a motor/generator 12 for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, and vice versa, depending upon the mode that CAES system 10 happens to be in. As is schematically depicted in FIGURE 1, motor/generator 12 is coupled to a compressor 16 via a drive mechanism that includes a clutch 14, so that when electricity is applied to motor/generator 12, clutch 14 may be engaged, causing compressor 16 to compress atmospheric air and supply the high pressure compressed air to a air storage cavern or
chamber 18 via a first pressure conduit 20. As is shown in FIGURE 1, a valve 22 is interposed in first pressure conduit 20.
As may further be seen from FIGURE 1, a second pressure conduit 24 is communicated with air storage cavern 18. A valve 26 is interposed in second pressure conduit 24. Improved CAES system 10 advantageously includes an improved system 28 for recovering energy from the high pressure compressed gas that is stored in cavern or chamber 18. Improved recovery system 28 includes a high pressure expander 30, a low pressure expander 32, a combustor 34 that is interposed between high pressure expander 30 and low pressure expander 32, and a recuperator 36. The high pressure and low pressure expanders 30, 32 are mechanically coupled to motor/generator 12 via a drive train that has a second clutch 38 interposed therein, as is clearly shown in FIGURE 1.
Advantageously, combustor 34, which preferably operates on liquid propane, is of sufficient capacity so as to be able to heat the low pressure compressed air that is exhausted from high pressure expander 30 sufficiently so that exhaust gases from low pressure expander 30 are hot enough that recuperator 36 can recover enough heat from the exhaust gases to adequately heat the high pressure com- pressed air supplied to high pressure expander 30 without the need for a separate combustor prior to high pressure expander 30. In the preferred embodiment, combustor 34 is capable of heating the low compressor compressed air between high pressure expander 30 and low pressure expander 32 to a temperature of between 2070 to 2500 degrees Fahrenheit, at a pressure of between 210 to 235 psi. Most preferably, the air is heated to about 2300°F at a pressure of approximately 220 psi.
In operation, electrical energy is supply to mo- tor/generator 12 during off-peak periods, and mo¬ tor/generator 12 drives compressor 16 to introduce high pressure compressed air into an air storage cavern or chamber 18. During higher demand periods, high pressure
compressed air from cavern 18 is introduced into second pressure conduit 24 by opening valve 26. This high pressure compressed air is passed through recuperator 36, and is heated by the exhaust gases from low pressure expander 32 prior to being supplied to inlet of high pressure expander 30. High pressure expander 30 receives the high pressure compressed air and expands the high pressure compressed air to a lower pressure compressed air to produce mechanical energy, which is transmitted to mo- tor/generator 12 and converted to electricity that is supplied to a power grid. The lower pressure compressed air that is exhausted from high pressure expander 30 is supplied to combustor 34, which heats the low pressure compressed air to a temperature of approximately 2300°F . The heated low temperature compressed air is supplied to low pressure expander 32, which expands the low pressure compressed air to exhaust gas to produce additional mechanical energy that is transmitted to motor/generator 12 and converted into additional electricity. The exhaust gases are at a temperature of approximately 950° to 1050°F. This temperature is sufficient to enable recuperator 36 to recover enough energy to adequately heat the high pressure compressed gas prior pressure expander 30 without the need for an additional combustor at that point. As a result, substantial cost savings are achieved.
Claims
1. A system for recovering energy from a high- pressure compressed gas, characterized by first, high pressure expander means (30) for receiving the high pressure compressed gas and expanding the high-pressure compressed gas to a lower pressure compressed gas to produce mechanical energy; second, low pressure expander means (32) for receiving the lower pressure compressed gas and for expanding the lower pressure compressed gas to an exhaust gas to produce additional mechanical energy; combustor means (34) interposed between said first expander means (30) and said second expander means (32) for heating the low pressure compressed gas before it is inducted into said second expander means (32), and recuperator means (36) for recovering heat energy from the exhaust gas of said second expander means (32) and for heating the high pressure compressed gas with the recovered heat energy before the high pressure compressed gas (30) is inducted into said first, high pressure expander means (30) wherein no heat source other than said recuperator (36) is provided for directly heating said high pressure compressed gas, and said combustor means (34) is of sufficient capacity to heat said low pressure compressed gas to a temperature that will ensure said exhaust gas of said second expander means is hot enough to permit said recuperator to sufficiently heat said high pressure compressed gas.
2. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that said combustor means (34) is constructed and arranged to heat the low pressure compressed gas to approximately within the range of 2070 to 2500 degrees Fahrenheit.
3. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that said combustor means (34) is of sufficient capacity to heat said low pressure compressed gas to a temperature that will ensure said exhaust gas of said second expander means (32) will be at a temperature that is substantially between 950 and 1050 degrees Fahrenheit.
4. A method of recovering energy from com- pressed air in a compressed air energy storage system of the type that includes a first, high pressure expander (30) , a second, low pressure expander (32) and a recuperator (36) for recovering heat energy from exhaust gases of the second, low pressure expander (32) , character- ized by the steps of (a) heating high pressure compressed air with heat energy from said recuperator (36) , but not directly with a combustor, (b) recovering energy from said high pressure compressed air by expanding said high pressure compressed air with said first, high pressure expander (30) into a low pressure compressed air,
(c) heating said low pressure compressed air with a combustor (34) , and (d) recovering energy from said low pressure compressed air by expanding said low pressure compressed air with said second, low pressure expander (32) into an exhaust gas.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein step (c) comprises heating said low pressure compressed air to a temperature of substantially 2070 to 2500 degrees Fahrenheit.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US27324394A | 1994-07-11 | 1994-07-11 | |
| US08/273,243 | 1994-07-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996001942A1 true WO1996001942A1 (en) | 1996-01-25 |
Family
ID=23043133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1995/006779 WO1996001942A1 (en) | 1994-07-11 | 1995-05-30 | Improved compressed air energy storage system |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| IL (1) | IL114436A0 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW289068B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996001942A1 (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002025083A1 (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-03-28 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Two stage expansion and single stage combustion compressed air storage power plant |
| WO2004073134A2 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-26 | Active Power, Inc. | Systems and methods for providing backup energy to a load |
| US6792756B2 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2004-09-21 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Gas supply control device for a gas storage power plant |
| US7314059B2 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2008-01-01 | Active Power, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling pressure of fluids |
| DE102008050244A1 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-15 | Tronsoft Gmbh | Energy decentrally supplying method for air-conditioning e.g. residential facility, involves controlling block storage forced heating and cooling function control unit, energy supply, energy storage and energy production with strategies |
| GB2472128A (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-01-26 | Electric Power Res Inst | Compressed air energy storage system |
| US7961835B2 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2011-06-14 | Keller Michael F | Hybrid integrated energy production process |
| US8333330B2 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2012-12-18 | Active Power, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling temperature and pressure of fluids |
| CN103452612A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Compressed air energy storage system using carbon dioxide as working medium |
| CN104806485A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Small compressed air energy storage system and method |
| CN108979744A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏煤化工程研究设计院有限公司 | Exchange energy device |
| US10683803B2 (en) | 2012-04-12 | 2020-06-16 | Nuovo Pignone Srl | Compressed-air energy-storage system |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH598535A5 (en) * | 1976-12-23 | 1978-04-28 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| EP0079624A2 (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1983-05-25 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. | Gas turbine power station with an air storage system |
| JPH01300022A (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1989-12-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Compressed air driven generating device |
| US4885912A (en) * | 1987-05-13 | 1989-12-12 | Gibbs & Hill, Inc. | Compressed air turbomachinery cycle with reheat and high pressure air preheating in recuperator |
-
1995
- 1995-05-30 WO PCT/US1995/006779 patent/WO1996001942A1/en active Application Filing
- 1995-06-05 TW TW084105612A patent/TW289068B/zh active
- 1995-07-03 IL IL11443695A patent/IL114436A0/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH598535A5 (en) * | 1976-12-23 | 1978-04-28 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| EP0079624A2 (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1983-05-25 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. | Gas turbine power station with an air storage system |
| US4885912A (en) * | 1987-05-13 | 1989-12-12 | Gibbs & Hill, Inc. | Compressed air turbomachinery cycle with reheat and high pressure air preheating in recuperator |
| JPH01300022A (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1989-12-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Compressed air driven generating device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 087 (M - 0937) 19 February 1990 (1990-02-19) * |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002025083A1 (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-03-28 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Two stage expansion and single stage combustion compressed air storage power plant |
| US6792756B2 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2004-09-21 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Gas supply control device for a gas storage power plant |
| WO2004073134A2 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-26 | Active Power, Inc. | Systems and methods for providing backup energy to a load |
| WO2004073134A3 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2005-04-14 | Active Power Inc | Systems and methods for providing backup energy to a load |
| US7127895B2 (en) | 2003-02-05 | 2006-10-31 | Active Power, Inc. | Systems and methods for providing backup energy to a load |
| US7314059B2 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2008-01-01 | Active Power, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling pressure of fluids |
| US8333330B2 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2012-12-18 | Active Power, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling temperature and pressure of fluids |
| US7961835B2 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2011-06-14 | Keller Michael F | Hybrid integrated energy production process |
| DE102008050244A1 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-15 | Tronsoft Gmbh | Energy decentrally supplying method for air-conditioning e.g. residential facility, involves controlling block storage forced heating and cooling function control unit, energy supply, energy storage and energy production with strategies |
| GB2472128A (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-01-26 | Electric Power Res Inst | Compressed air energy storage system |
| GB2472128B (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2012-04-04 | Electric Power Res Inst | Energy storage system |
| ES2390313A1 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2012-11-08 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc | Energy storage system |
| US10683803B2 (en) | 2012-04-12 | 2020-06-16 | Nuovo Pignone Srl | Compressed-air energy-storage system |
| CN103452612A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Compressed air energy storage system using carbon dioxide as working medium |
| CN104806485A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Small compressed air energy storage system and method |
| CN108979744A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏煤化工程研究设计院有限公司 | Exchange energy device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW289068B (en) | 1996-10-21 |
| IL114436A0 (en) | 1995-11-27 |
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