WO1996005329A1 - Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide to sulfate from zinc sulfide containing ores and concentrates - Google Patents
Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide to sulfate from zinc sulfide containing ores and concentrates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996005329A1 WO1996005329A1 PCT/CA1995/000473 CA9500473W WO9605329A1 WO 1996005329 A1 WO1996005329 A1 WO 1996005329A1 CA 9500473 W CA9500473 W CA 9500473W WO 9605329 A1 WO9605329 A1 WO 9605329A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ore
- sulfuric acid
- zinc
- concentration
- conversion solution
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/20—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/06—Sulfating roasting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/20—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling
- C22B19/22—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling with leaching with acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydometallurgical process for conversion of zinc sulfide in an ore at high temperature using high concentration of sulfuric acid.
- Background of Invention There is a significant push to develop commercial forms of a hydrometallurgical process to recover various types of metal from sulfidic ore bodies.
- the significant advantage of a hydrometallurgical process over the standard smelting process is the significant reduction in sulfur dioxide emissions.
- all known commercial approaches in this regard have either treat only zinc concentrates containing leas than 1% copper, or have either failed or are not economically viable.
- the leached material is then purified and preferably subjected to electrowinning to recover zinc from the leaching solution.
- the remaining solution may be evaporated to increase the acid strength until it reaches a concentration of about 60% to 80% H 2 S0 4 .
- the solubility of zinc and magnesium in this composition decreases radically at acid strengths of this magnitude.
- there is precipitated a crystal mass which comprises mainly zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and manganese sulfate.
- the remaining liquid is predominantly acid which can then be recycled in the process.
- the resultant crystal mass can either be discarded or dissolved in a small quantity of water.
- This redissolved solution of primarily magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate can be discarded or recycled for further treatment.
- the zinc can be precipitated from the solution by neutralizing it at a high pH to facilitate dumping of material.
- the process of evaporating and thereby concentrating the solution to form the crystalline mass is, however, expensive because of the significant fuel or energy costs for the evaporation step, and the need for corrosion resistant material used in the heat transfer evaporating process. Hence the process is not of commercial significance, because of the significant costs associated with recirculating the liquid phase and discarding the trace amount of metals in the liquids removed from the electrowinning stages.
- soluble silicates forms a very gelatinous mass of hydrated silica which renders the leach solution unfiltrable.
- Soluble silicates are more basic than insoluble silicates.
- the amount of sulfuric acid used is defined in terms of acid strength of about 55% to 70%.
- the process is satisfactory for recovering zinc from mixed zinc-lead sulfide ores because the converted lead sulfate as it forms a thin superficial coating on the ore can be ground off to reveal fresh zinc sulfide, which is further converted to the zinc sulfate.
- Christensen appreciates that in treating copper containing ores such as pyrite or chalcopyrite, a very high acid concentration is required - 95% and greater. Although Christensen achieves the desired conversion of zinc sulfide to zinc sulfate which is recovered as a solid, no thought is given by
- Christensen in preventing the oxidation of any copper sulfides to copper sulfate. Since copper sulfate is soluble, Christensen has to employ additional steps to remove the copper sulfate from the treatment solution before achieving final isolation of the desired zinc sulfate.
- the process according to this invention overcomes several of the problems associated with the prior art processes in providing a process in which high concentrations of sulfuric acid are used to convert zinc sulfide in zinc sulfide containing ores.
- the process is operated temperatures in the range of 90°C to less than boiling point of the conversion solution to convert the zinc sulfide into zinc sulfate crystal monohydrate which in the conversion solution forms crystals.
- the process in accordance with this invention, provides a novel way to achieve separation of zinc sulfate from a H 2 S0 4 treatment solution without requiring an electrowinning step.
- the improvement comprises: selecting an ore which contains both zinc sulfide and copper sulfide, the ore containing greater than 1% by weight of copper; - contacting the zinc sulfide/copper sulfide ore with a conversion solution comprising a concentration of sulfuric acid selected from the range of about 45% by weight up to about 70% by weight of the conversion solution and at the elevated temperature in the range of 90°C to less than boiling point of the conversion solution for the selected concentration of sulfuric acid; ensuring a reducing condition in the conversion solution, by virtue of the concentration of H 2 S0
- the recovered crystals of ZnS0 4 .H 2 0 may be dissolved in a solution having a low concentration of sulfuric acid where the low concentration of sulfuric acid may be derived from a zinc recovery electrolytic cell.
- Figure 1 is a diagram of experimental test results for temperature versus H 2 S0 4 concentration wherein the region of successful conversion of zinc sulfide to zinc sulfate monohydrate is identified.
- the legend for the diagram is the "o M symbol indicates less than 50% zinc extraction and the " ⁇ " indicates more than 50% zinc extraction.
- the process of this invention is particularly suited in the treatment of zinc sulfide metal ores which contain copper sulfides and possibly, in addition lead sulfides or silicates.
- the process allows for the zinc to be preferentially recovered therefrom without recovery of the copper, lead or interference by silicates in the ore.
- the ore may be either in a finely divided concentrate form, a finely divided rich ore or a combination of the two and hence the term ore is intended to mean anyone of these alternatives.
- Examples of such mineral bearing ores commonly include chalcopyrite, chalcocite, bornite, tetrahedrite, sphalerite, galena, molybendite, pyrite, pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite.
- the ore is in particle form and is preferably ground such that 75% of the finest particles pass 275 mesh; i.e., in the range of 50 microns or less. This ensures a finely divided material on which the reagents used in the process of this invention react.
- Most copper and zinc ore sources normally include chalcopyrite, sphalerite, bornite, pyrite, galena and mixtures thereof.
- the objective is to recover zinc in the form of monohydrate zinc sulfate crystals.
- such ores may include precious metals such as rhodium, palladium, platinum, silver and gold. Usually such constituents are in trace amounts and may not warrant recovery. It has been found that these precious metals do not present a problem with respect to the processing conversion conditions. Similarly, small amounts of Pb, Cd, As and Sb are commonly found in such ores. It has also been found that the presence of iron in the ore also does not present any processing problems and although most iron sulfide minerals are not reacted, iron in the form of marmalite (Zn,Fe)S or pyrrhotite (Fe,. x S) is converted into crystalline ferrous sulphate (FeSo 4 ) and can be separated from zinc sulfate monohydrate in subsequent processing steps familiar to those versed in the art.
- the zinc conversion process of the present invention involves the production of monohydrate zinc sulfate crystals from the zinc sulfide fraction in the ore.
- Sufficiently concentrated sulfuric acid at a sufficiently high temperature is used to yield hydrogen sulfide and to convert all available zinc sulfide.
- the preferred application is in the separation of zinc from copper containing ores and in particular ores containing greater than 0.5% by weight and usually greater than 1% by weight of copper.
- such ores are not commercially treatable by the Sherritt Gordon pressure leach process of United States patents 4,071,421 and 4,440,569, while at the same time not decomposing or converting any sulfidic copper minerals.
- This absence of reaction with the copper sulfides is due to the presence of the reducing H 2 S from the preferential zinc sulfide conversion reaction. The presence of H 2 S ensures a reducing condition in the conversion solution which in turn precludes oxidation of copper sulfide to copper sulfate.
- the zinc conversion is therefore believed to proceed as follows at high concentrations of H 2 S0 4 and at high temperatures; (2) ZnS + H 2 S0 4 + H 2 0 ⁇ > ZnS0 4 .H 2 0 + H 2 S(g)
- the theoretical minimum sulfuric acid concentrations and minimum temperature can be calculated empirically using reported data.
- Theoretical data, as applied to the equilibrium of equation (1) in a commercial recovery environment are not available, but may be extrapolated from measured data reported - L.T. Romankiw and P.L. DeBruyn, "Kinetics of Dissolution of Zinc Sulfide in Sulfuric Acid", in Unit Processes in Hydrometallurgy, (eds. Wadsworth and Davis) , Gordon & Breach Science Publishers, N.Y. (1964), pp 45-65. It is important to understand, however, that these measured data were made on synthetic zinc sulfide precipitates, and that natural zinc sulfides are up to 20 Kj per mole more stable.
- thermodynamic calculations being somewhat askew because the reaction was not as favourable as the theoretical data would indicate.
- the natural ore is far more stable and hence less apt to be converted compared to the materials reacted with sulfuric acid on which the theoretical calculations were based.
- the zinc sulfide was made synthetically, where the material contained less than 0.006% iron and was of size in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 microns.
- actual ores to be treated, in accordance with this process may be of the above noted types and in particular marmatite containing approximately 5% to 10% iron and having a particle size of 50 microns or greater.
- FIG. 1 is a plot of the experimental test results which clearly indicate the region in terms of temperature versus concentration of sulfuric acid in which zinc extractions greater than 50% can be achieved in approximately one to three hours with minimal, if any, generation of sulfur.
- Region B is indicated on Figure 1 to identify the predominate production of S0 2 which is undesirable.
- Region A indicates the process parameters of the aforementioned Canadian Patent 864,455 to Treadwell Corporation which results in the unacceptable production of S0 2 and the gummy deposit of sulphur.
- practising any of the conditions as set out in Figure 1, which are within the region identified as the zinc extraction region generates a sufficiently high yield of the zinc sulfate monohydrate at equilibrium such that the conversion solution becomes saturated with the monohydrate form, whereby the zinc sulfate monohydrate commences to crystallize and fall out of solution.
- the conversion of zinc sulfide to zinc sulfate monohydrate will continue and provide on a continuous basis salt containing the zinc sulfate monohydrate which can be later processed for recovery of the zinc.
- the process in accordance with this invention, overcomes this problem because in treating silicate/zinc ores at the elevated temperature and prescribed range of sulfuric acid concentrations, the silicates are marginally hydrated so that the silicates remain solid rather than forming a gelatinous mass. Such solid form of silicates does not, then, appreciably interfere with the process of the zinc sulfide conversion and the falling out of the zinc sulfate monohydrate crystals. Hence in removal of the crystalline zinc sulfate monohydrate from the conversion solution, there may be trace amounts of iron, magnesium and calcium, but these minerals can be readily separated from the zinc sulfate monohydrate material during the recovery of the zinc from the crystalline material.
- the recovered crystalline material once separated from the conversion solution, can be treated with either water or dilute acid solution to dissolve the zinc sulfate monohydrate in the form of ZnS0 4 .xH 2 0.
- the remaining constituents in the crystalline material may be insoluble in the dilute acid mixture or water; hence providing a further purification of the zinc sulfate before carrying out electrowinning or the like to remove or recover zinc from the composition.
- the reaction of equation (2) is endothermic and hence requires the input of heat during the conversion which may either be carried out on a batch or continuous basis. On a continuous basis or batch basis, heat may be introduced to the reactor by various types of heat exchange devices, although in view of the very high concentration of sulfuric acid, the preferred way of heating the reaction is by submerged combustion.
- the amount of heat needed for this endothermic reaction is far smaller than that necessary for boiling down a 15% sulfuric acid solution to 60 to 80% sulfuric acid, as previously described with respect to United States patent 4,712,277.
- the zinc sulfide containing ore may be in the form of a concentrate, a finely divided ore or the like.
- the particle size of the finely divided ore is normally in the range of 50 microns to 100 microns. It is appreciated that the process will work equally well on various particle sizes for the ore and ore concentrate. However as is understood, the finer the division in the ore, the faster the rate of reaction in converting the available zinc sulfide and as well, the less residence time to achieve greater than 50% conversion of the zinc sulfide.
- the hydrogen sulfide gas removed from the reactor may be treated by various techniques to either convert the hydrogen sulfide into sulfur or sulfuric acid. If converted into sulfuric acid, it can be used to replenish the conversion solution.
- the following laboratory scale experiments demonstrate the useful region of the process parameters involving sulfuric acid concentration and temperature.
- the experimental tests were carried out principally as follows.
- a suitable zinc sulfide ore or concentrate was selected and finely divided to approximately 50 microns size.
- the suitable zinc sulfide ore may be sphalerite or bulk concentrates made from zinc copper sulfide ores. Copper in the ore may be in equal amounts compared to the weight of zinc in the ore and may be less than weights of iron in the ore. For example, the ratios of zinc, copper to iron may be 2:2:3. Approximately 100 grams of the mineral in 150 mis of water is placed in the reaction flask.
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95926819A EP0776378B1 (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide to sulfate from zinc sulfide containing ores and concentrates |
JP8506878A JPH10504060A (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide from zinc sulfide containing ores and concentrates to sulfate. |
AU31076/95A AU698137B2 (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide to sulfate from zinc sulfide co ntaining ores and concentrates |
CA002196981A CA2196981C (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide to sulfate from zinc sulfide containing ores and concentrates |
CZ97452A CZ45297A3 (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide to zinc sulfate in ores and concentrates containing zinc sulfide |
BR9508598A BR9508598A (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulphide to sulphate from ores and concentrates containing zinc sulphide |
DE69507308T DE69507308T2 (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | HYDROMETALLURGIC CONVERSION OF ZINKSULFID FROM ORES AND CONCENTRATES IN ZINKSULFAT |
RU97103944A RU2135610C1 (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | Method of hydrometallurgical zinc sulfide-into-zinc sulfate conversion from zinc sulfide-containing ores and concentrates |
PL95318754A PL318754A1 (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | Hydrometallurgical zinc sulphite-to-sulphate comversion of zinc sulphite contained in ores and ore concentrates |
MXPA/A/1997/001197A MXPA97001197A (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1997-02-14 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide to sulphate from minerals and concentrates containing sulfide of z |
NO970693A NO970693L (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1997-02-14 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide to sulfate, from zinc sulfide-containing ore and concentrates |
FI970628A FI970628A (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1997-02-14 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulphide to sulphate from zinc sulphide containing ores or enrichments |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29020694A | 1994-08-15 | 1994-08-15 | |
US08/290,206 | 1994-08-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996005329A1 true WO1996005329A1 (en) | 1996-02-22 |
Family
ID=23114969
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA1995/000473 WO1996005329A1 (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-08-09 | Hydrometallurgical conversion of zinc sulfide to sulfate from zinc sulfide containing ores and concentrates |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5711922A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0776378B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH10504060A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1045625C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE175726T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU698137B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9508598A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2196981C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ45297A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69507308T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2130630T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI970628A (en) |
NO (1) | NO970693L (en) |
PL (1) | PL318754A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2135610C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996005329A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2123417A1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1999-01-01 | Consejo Superior Investigacion | Copper recovery from oxidised metal residues - by lixiviation with ammoniacal solution, removal of sulphates and acid extraction of copper@ |
WO2009030811A1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | Outotec Oyj | Method for upgrading copper concentrate |
CN115305347A (en) * | 2022-08-27 | 2022-11-08 | 苏州金之翼新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing zinc ferrite from neodymium iron boron waste |
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CA2433277C (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2008-02-26 | Clean-Flo Gas Filtration Systems (1987) Ltd. | Gas purification medium for removing sulfides from gaseous streams |
US8131647B2 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2012-03-06 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for providing annotations of a digital work |
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US8725565B1 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2014-05-13 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Expedited acquisition of a digital item following a sample presentation of the item |
US7865817B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2011-01-04 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Invariant referencing in digital works |
US9665529B1 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2017-05-30 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Relative progress and event indicators |
US8990215B1 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2015-03-24 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Obtaining and verifying search indices |
US8423889B1 (en) | 2008-06-05 | 2013-04-16 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Device specific presentation control for electronic book reader devices |
US9087032B1 (en) | 2009-01-26 | 2015-07-21 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Aggregation of highlights |
US8832584B1 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2014-09-09 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Questions on highlighted passages |
US8692763B1 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2014-04-08 | John T. Kim | Last screen rendering for electronic book reader |
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US1937631A (en) * | 1931-03-18 | 1933-12-05 | Niels C Christensen | Process of treating zinc ores |
US2435340A (en) * | 1944-05-01 | 1948-02-03 | Combined Metals Reduction Comp | Process for the treatment of marmatitic zinc ores |
US2609272A (en) * | 1946-12-09 | 1952-09-02 | Guaranty Invest Corp Ltd | Process for the treatment of matte to recover metallic salts |
CA876034A (en) * | 1971-07-20 | G. Matthew Ian | Hydrometallurgical treatment of siliceous zinc ores | |
US3655538A (en) * | 1969-05-19 | 1972-04-11 | Texas Gulf Sulphur Co | Process for electrowinning zinc from sulfide concentrates |
US3656941A (en) * | 1968-03-13 | 1972-04-18 | Electrolyt Zinc Australasia | Hydrometallurgical treatment of siliceous zinc ores |
US4071421A (en) * | 1976-08-11 | 1978-01-31 | Sherritt Gordon Mines Limited | Process for the recovery of zinc |
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EP0227626A1 (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-07-01 | Norzink A.S. | A method for manufacturing zinc hydrometallurgically |
WO1994017216A1 (en) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-08-04 | R & O Mining Processing Ltd. | Hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from complex ores |
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CA864455A (en) * | 1971-02-23 | Fuchs Warren | Process of leaching sulfide-containing materials with hot, strong sulfuric acid | |
US1435699A (en) * | 1919-09-30 | 1922-11-14 | Niels C Christensen | Process of treating sulphide ores of zinc |
US3888748A (en) * | 1972-06-28 | 1975-06-10 | Du Pont | Recovery of metal values from ore concentrates |
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-
1995
- 1995-08-09 AT AT95926819T patent/ATE175726T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-09 ES ES95926819T patent/ES2130630T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-09 CZ CZ97452A patent/CZ45297A3/en unknown
- 1995-08-09 DE DE69507308T patent/DE69507308T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-09 RU RU97103944A patent/RU2135610C1/en active
- 1995-08-09 CN CN95194631A patent/CN1045625C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-09 CA CA002196981A patent/CA2196981C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-09 BR BR9508598A patent/BR9508598A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-08-09 AU AU31076/95A patent/AU698137B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-09 WO PCT/CA1995/000473 patent/WO1996005329A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-08-09 JP JP8506878A patent/JPH10504060A/en active Pending
- 1995-08-09 PL PL95318754A patent/PL318754A1/en unknown
- 1995-08-09 EP EP95926819A patent/EP0776378B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-03-26 US US08/622,024 patent/US5711922A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-02-14 NO NO970693A patent/NO970693L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-02-14 FI FI970628A patent/FI970628A/en unknown
Patent Citations (10)
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WO1994017216A1 (en) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-08-04 | R & O Mining Processing Ltd. | Hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from complex ores |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; AN 71-49006S * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2123417A1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1999-01-01 | Consejo Superior Investigacion | Copper recovery from oxidised metal residues - by lixiviation with ammoniacal solution, removal of sulphates and acid extraction of copper@ |
WO2009030811A1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | Outotec Oyj | Method for upgrading copper concentrate |
EA017095B1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2012-09-28 | Ототек Оюй | Method of leaching zinc from copper-sulphide concentrate |
CN115305347A (en) * | 2022-08-27 | 2022-11-08 | 苏州金之翼新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing zinc ferrite from neodymium iron boron waste |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP0776378A1 (en) | 1997-06-04 |
DE69507308D1 (en) | 1999-02-25 |
NO970693L (en) | 1997-04-14 |
ATE175726T1 (en) | 1999-01-15 |
NO970693D0 (en) | 1997-02-14 |
CN1157009A (en) | 1997-08-13 |
CA2196981C (en) | 2004-11-23 |
CA2196981A1 (en) | 1996-02-22 |
AU698137B2 (en) | 1998-10-22 |
BR9508598A (en) | 1997-11-11 |
MX9701197A (en) | 1998-05-31 |
CN1045625C (en) | 1999-10-13 |
RU2135610C1 (en) | 1999-08-27 |
CZ45297A3 (en) | 1997-07-16 |
US5711922A (en) | 1998-01-27 |
FI970628A0 (en) | 1997-02-14 |
EP0776378B1 (en) | 1999-01-13 |
DE69507308T2 (en) | 1999-09-09 |
ES2130630T3 (en) | 1999-07-01 |
AU3107695A (en) | 1996-03-07 |
FI970628A (en) | 1997-04-10 |
JPH10504060A (en) | 1998-04-14 |
PL318754A1 (en) | 1997-07-07 |
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