WO1996036914A1

WO1996036914A1 - Control device of mechanical-optical type for controlling an absolute coordinate of a cursor

Info

Publication number: WO1996036914A1
Application number: PCT/CN1995/000042
Authority: WO
Inventors: Meiyung Chen
Original assignee: Meiyung Chen
Priority date: 1995-05-19
Filing date: 1995-05-19
Publication date: 1996-11-21
Also published as: DE19581938T1; AU2443695A; JPH11505346A

Abstract

A control device of mechanical-optical type for controlling an absolute coordinate of a cursor may be used to control a positioning of a cursor on a display screen. It includes a concave body, a rod, a sliding handle, two or more grating pieces set in longitudinal direction and a group of electro-optic elements interacting with the gratings. The gratings may be controlled to move in direction along X and Y axes and a series of pulse signals representing a displacement of the gratings outputted from the respective group of electro-optic units is sent to the computer. The gratings set in the Z axe also may be moved by operating the rod, so as to generate a series of pulse signals representing a displacement in the Z axe by the respective group of electro-optic units and then it is sent into the computer.

Description

Vernier control device of mechanical-optical absolute coordinate Technical field

The invention relates to a computer data input device, in particular to a positioning control device that can control a display screen cursor in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional manner, and can perform cursor control on a computer display.

Background technique .

In the traditional computer monitor cursor control technology, commonly used devices include keyboards, mice, trackballs, touch screens, light pens, etc. These devices can control the movement of cursors on the display screen and execute selections in computer programs. Features.

However, it is inconvenient to move and position the cursor with a common control device. For example, when using a conventional keyboard shift key, the efficiency of cursor displacement is extremely low. When using a traditional mouse, the mouse needs to be moved back and forth on the desktop, and the arm must be extended as the mouse moves. Also, the bottom of the mouse uses a rolling ball and a coding wheel to detect its relative position. It will inevitably affect the operability of the device after a long period of use. Furthermore, when it is necessary to control three-dimensional cursors, these traditional positioning devices cannot meet the required requirements.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the aforementioned common devices, three-dimensional absolute coordinate positioning devices have appeared, such as U.S. Patent Application Nos. 4,782,327 and 4,935,728. However, the structure design of these two previous patent cases is more complicated, and it is necessary to cooperate with complex circuit interfaces to achieve the purpose of cursor control.

Summary of the Invention

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide an absolute coordinate control device for shifting the cursor of a computer display screen, which can operate the display screen cursor in the two-dimensional or three-dimensional absolute coordinate operation mode, and Positioning.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical-optical three-dimensional absolute coordinate control device. The control mechanism is mainly composed of a concave box body, a rod body, a sliding handle, and three axially arranged X, Y, and Z axes. The grating sheet is composed of three photoelectric groups matched with the grating sheet. By operating the sliding handle and then through the rod body, the movement of the X and Y axis gratings can be operated, and a series of pulse signals representing the Z and X axis displacement are sent by the corresponding photoelectric group to the computer, and By operating the rod body vertically, the Z-axis grating can be moved longitudinally, and a series of pulse signals representing the Z-axis displacement generated by the corresponding photoelectric group are sent to the computer. These three-dimensional cursor control After the control signal is sent to the computer through the data transmission interface, it can be used for three-dimensional shift control and positioning of the cursor on the display screen. Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that two rows of grating plates are used, and the upper row and the lower row are displaced by a 90 degree angle. Therefore, in the production process, the focusing of the light emitting diode and the two phototransistors is very easy. In addition, the boundary between the two ends can be directly determined by the arrangement of the movable grating, and the minimum (min) and the maximum (max) can be directly discriminated, so the circuit flow is more concise. When starting the operation, go to one of the four corners. Find the starting point.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The other objects and features of the present invention will be further explained by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a positioning device and a computer system according to the present invention; FIG.

2 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3A is a structural diagram of a grating sheet according to the present invention; FIG.

3B is a layout diagram of a light emitting diode and a phototransistor matched with the grating plate of FIG. 3A;

3C is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement between the light-emitting diode and the phototransistor of FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B; FIG. 3D is a series of signals generated according to the light-emitting diode of FIG. 3A;

FIG. 3E is a diagram showing a signal state generated by the signal of FIG. 3D;

FIG. 3F is an exploded view between a grating sheet, a light emitting diode, and a phototransistor according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3G is a schematic diagram showing a configuration between the grating sheet, the light emitting diode, and a phototransistor in the embodiment of FIG. 3F; FIG. 3H is a display A series of signals generated according to the structure of the grating sheet in FIG. 3F;

FIG. 31 is one of the boundary schematic embodiments according to FIG. 3F;

FIG. 3J is a second schematic diagram of the embodiment according to FIG. 3F;

FIG. 3K is a third schematic embodiment of the boundary according to FIG. 3F;

4 is an exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

5A is an exploded perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention;

5B is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5A;

6A is an exploded perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

6B is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6A;

6C is a side sectional view of a handle in a fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6A;

7A is a control circuit diagram used in the first and second embodiments of the present invention; 7B is a control circuit diagram used in the third embodiment of the present invention;

8A to D are control flowcharts of the present invention; and

Fig. 8E is a control flowchart according to the embodiment of Figs. 31, J, and K.

Best Mode of the Invention

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the positioning device 1 of the present invention is connected to a computer 2 via a cable. The conventional computer includes a display and a keyboard for data input. The positioning device 1 has a sliding handle 3, and the position of the cursor on the display of the computer 2 can be controlled by the sliding operation method of the sliding handle 3.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the main components include a concave box body 10, a sliding handle 3, a rod body 32, a first photoelectric group 41, a second photoelectric group 42, an X-axis grating sheet 51, and a Y-axis. The grating sheet 52, the first fixed grating sheet 56, and a second fixed grating sheet 57. In the first photoelectric group 41, a first fixed grating plate 56 is spaced between the light emitting diode 561 and a sheet of two phototransistors 562. Similarly, in the second photoelectric group 42, a second fixed grating plate 57 is also interposed between the light-emitting diode and the phototransistor, and the fixed grating plate can be directly attached to the light-emitting diode. The X-axis grating 51 and the Y-axis grating 52 are used as movable gratings.

The inside of the concave box body 10 provides a space for accommodating various components and a sliding space for related components. A first pair of transverse plates 11, 12 is formed on a corresponding inner side wall of the concave box body 10, and a second pair of transverse plates I, 12 'is also formed on the other inner side wall orthogonal to the inner side wall. A circuit substrate 6 is also housed in the concave box body 10, and a common data transmission circuit (such as a commonly used RS232 interface) can be arranged on the circuit substrate, so that the positioning device of the present invention can transmit data with a computer. . In addition, the box may be provided with control keys 71, 72 to perform control key functions similar to a computer mouse.

The X-axis grating plate 51 can slide between the second pair of horizontal plates 11 ′ and 12 ′ of the concave box body 10 in the direction of the arrow 211; the Y-axis grating plate 52 can be moved in the first box of the concave box body 10. Sliding between a pair of horizontal plates 11 and 12 in the direction of arrow 311.

With the grating plate, the present invention has two corresponding photoelectric groups, each of which includes a bracket, a light emitting diode, and a phototransistor. The middle portion of the bracket has a through slot, so when the grating plate passes through the bracket When the two pass through the slot and the two move relative to each other, the movement of the grating can be detected by receiving or blocking the light between the light emitting diode and the phototransistor of the photovoltaic group.

The rod body 32 is a hollow columnar structure that can be used to move the X-axis grating 51 and the Y-axis grating plate 52. The photoelectric group 41 is provided on a side wall of the rod body 32, and the second photoelectric group 42 is provided on the rod body 32. On the other side. In the above configuration, by moving the rod body 32, the X-axis grating 51 can be operated to move in the direction of the arrow 211. While moving, the second photoelectric group 42 reads the Y-axis grating and the Y-axis grating. The relative displacement of 52, so a series of pulse signals representing the Y-axis displacement can be generated by the phototransistors of the second photoelectric group 42 and sent to the computer.

By moving the rod body 32, the Y-axis grating plate 52 can be operated to move in the direction of arrow 311. While moving, the relative displacement of the X-axis grating plate 51 with the X-axis grating plate 51 is read by the second photoelectric group 41, so A series of pulse signals representing the X-axis displacement can be generated by the phototransistors of the first photoelectric group 41 and sent to the computer.

In order to make the operation easier for the operator, the present invention has a sliding handle 3 that is convenient for the user to hold and control with his hand. In this embodiment, the sliding handle 3 is combined with the lever body 32, so it can be borrowed. By operating the sliding handle 3 and then penetrating the lever body 32, the X and Y axis displacements of the positioning device of the present invention and the absolute coordinate positioning control ₀ can be controlled. A push switch 31 can be provided at the bottom of the sliding handle 3. A fixed plate is fixed, which can be used to replace the function of the "input" key on the keyboard. It can be known from the description of this embodiment that the two sets of grating plates are movable, and the two sets of photoelectric groups are also movable.

The first and second grating plates have the functions of light shielding and light transmission, and the conventional optically coded light transmission slot structure or printing can be used to achieve the purpose of light shielding and light transmission. In the present invention, it is preferably formed by printing. The fixed grating can be directly attached to the LED.

The aforementioned first photoelectric group 41 includes a bracket, a light emitting diode 561, two phototransistors 562, and a first fixed grating plate 56. The fixed grating plate can be directly attached to the light emitting diode, wherein the light emitting diode and a phototransistor are Correspondingly, they are respectively embedded on the two legs of the bracket. When the grating sheet passes between the brackets, the light between the light emitting diode and the phototransistor can be received or blocked to detect the movement of the grating sheet. In the embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting diode may also be a laser diode. In this case, a fixed light-shielding sheet is not required.

In order to detect in which direction it is moving, the light shielding section and the light transmitting section of the upper and lower rows are arranged on the grating plate 51 (illustrated by the first grating plate), as shown in FIG. 3A. In addition, the widths of the light-shielding and light-transmitting sections in the upper and lower rows are equal, and the phase difference is 90 degrees. The fixed grating sheet 56 is a thin transparent sheet printed with a thickness of about one-sixth of that of the crystal. The width of the light-shielding region and the light-transmitting region are equal to each other and correspond to the movable grating sheet 51 to facilitate the light to move in parallel. The corresponding relationship between the light-emitting diode and the phototransistor (ie, the first photo-electric group 41) configured in accordance with the structure of the grating plate is shown in FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C. Therefore, when the grating plate and the photoelectric group are relatively moved, the light emitting diode The emitted light passes through the fixed grating plate, and then the grating plate shown in FIG. 3A generates a light-transmitting or light-shielding signal to generate a series of signals XA and XB as shown in FIG. 3D. The data knows whether the direction of rural movement is moving to the left or right, and generates a boundary value.

After receiving the aforementioned XA and XB signals, the computer can determine the movement direction X +, X-according to the binary value of its signal, refer to the state diagram of the figure, and then obtain the Xmax and Xmin based on the X + and X- signals. The combing signal is temporarily stored in the recorder for the determination of the control program.

FIG. 3F is an exploded view between a grating sheet, a light-emitting diode, and a phototransistor according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3G is a schematic plan view of the plane configuration between the grating sheet, the light-emitting diode, and the phototransistor in the embodiment of FIG. 3F. In this embodiment, two light emitting diodes 581, 582 and four phototransistors 583, 584, 585.586 are used. This embodiment also includes a fixed grating 56. The movable grating 58 is A single-row light-shielding and light-transmitting design is used, which is different from the double-row design shown in FIG. 3A. In addition, FIG. 31 is one of the schematic embodiments of the boundary according to FIG. 3F; One and a half times the normal light and dark, that is, a 90-degree displacement occurs in the phototransistors 584, 585. The phototransistors 583, 584 or 585, 586 are originally in the same phase. The 581 on the chirped active grating 58 changes in phase between the phototransistors 583, 584 and 583, 584, so that the phase is the largest. Similarly, the maximum signal can be obtained by changing the phase of the phototransistor phases 585 and 586. Fig. 3J is the second schematic embodiment of the boundary according to Fig. 3F. The difference is that the phototransistors 583 and 584 are dark because 56b on the fixed grating 56 is dark. The area is twice the width of light and dark, so usually 583 and 584 are inverted. When 58a on the active grating 58 enters the middle of the phototransistor 583 and 584, 583 and 584 become in phase to determine the boundary value. FIG. 3K is the third schematic embodiment of the boundary according to FIG. 3F; the difference is that the light and dark at the end of the movable grating 58 are twice the width of the middle light and dark, and the width of the phototransistors 583 and 584 corresponds to the light and dark of the middle area Width, so at the end, 583 and 584 are also inverted, so you can know the boundary value. FIG. 3H shows a series of signals generated according to the structure of the grating sheet of FIG. 3F. According to the technology of the present invention, it can be positioned at any single corner position, instead of having to be positioned at the four corner ends as in the aforementioned U.S. patent.

Referring to FIG. 4, this is an exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, part of the structure and components are the same as those of the first embodiment, so similar components are still labeled with the same reference numbers. In this embodiment, the main constituent components include a concave box body 10, a rod body 32, a first photovoltaic group 41, a second photovoltaic group 42, an X-axis grating sheet 51, a Y-axis grating sheet 52, and a bottom plate.

The bottom plate 8 is used as the base of the positioning device of the present invention, and the rod body 32 is fixed at the central position. The group 41 and the second photoelectric group 42 may be respectively disposed on adjacent side walls of the rod body 32. Each photovoltaic group includes a bracket, a light emitting diode and a phototransistor, and a through hole is still provided at the middle of the bracket. The inner space formed by the concave box body 10 and the bottom plate 8 provides a sliding space for related components.

A first pair of transverse plates 11 and 12 are formed on a corresponding inner side wall of the concave box body 10 for sliding of the Y-axis grating sheet 52, and another pair of inner side walls orthogonal to the inner side wall are also formed. The second pair of horizontal plates 11 12 is used for sliding of the X-axis grating sheet 51. When the assembly is completed, the X-axis grating sheet 51 is passed through the slot of the first photovoltaic group 41, and the Y-axis grating sheet 52 is passed through the slot of the second photovoltaic group 42.

In operation, the concave box body 10 is moved with the base plate 8 as the center. When the concave box body 10 is moved, the rod body 32, the first photoelectric group 41, and the second photoelectric group 42 are fixed on the base plate 8. Therefore, the X-axis grating sheet 51 can slide between the second pair of transverse plates 11 ′ and 12 ′ of the concave box body 10. At the same time, the X-axis grating sheet 51 and the first photoelectric group 41 generate a The relative displacement (as indicated by arrow 211), so that the light between the light-emitting diodes of the first photoelectric group 41 and the phototransistor can be received or blocked, thereby detecting the movement of the X-axis grating plate 51, so A series of pulse signals representing the X-axis displacement can be generated by the phototransistors of the first photoelectric group 41 and sent to the computer. When the Y-axis grating sheet 52 slides between the first pair of horizontal plates 11 and 12 of the concave box body 10, the Y-axis grating sheet 52 will generate a relative displacement with the second photoelectric group 42 (such as arrow 311). (Shown), so that the light between the light-emitting diodes of the second photoelectric group 42 and the phototransistor can be received or blocked, thereby detecting the movement of the Y-axis grating plate 52, so the second photoelectric group 42 The phototransistor generates a series of pulse signals representing the Y-axis displacement and sends it to the computer.

It can be known from the description of this embodiment that the two sets of grating plates and the concave box body 10 are movable, and the two photoelectric groups are fixed. The structure of the grating sheet used in this embodiment may be the same as that used in the aforementioned first embodiment.

Fig. 5A shows a third embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 5B is a perspective view of the third embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 5A. This embodiment can be used as the three-dimensional positioning control of the display screen cursor, and can also be used as the X, Y, and Z three-axis control to perform the three-axis position control of the display cursor.

In this embodiment, its mechanism includes three axes: X, Y, and Z. The main components include a concave box 10, a rod 32, a first photovoltaic group 41, a second photovoltaic group 42, and a third photovoltaic group 43. , An X-axis grating 51, a Z-axis grating 52, and a Z-axis grating 53.

The bottom plate 8 is used as a base of the positioning device of the present invention, and the Z-axis grating plate 53 is fixed at a central position thereof. The first photovoltaic group 41, the second photovoltaic group 42, and the third photovoltaic group 43 are respectively disposed on appropriate sidewall surfaces of the rod body 32, so that Corresponding to the X, Y, Z axis of the grating. The inner space formed by the concave box body 10 and the bottom plate 8 provides a sliding operation space for related components.

A first pair of transverse plates 11, 12 are formed on a corresponding inner side wall of the concave box body 10, and a second pair of transverse plates 11 ', 12' are also formed on the other pair of inner side walls orthogonal to the inner side wall.

Since it is necessary to control the three-dimensional direction, grating plates with different directions are provided in the present invention. The X-axis grating 51 can slide between the second pair of horizontal plates of the concave box body 10 in the direction of arrow 211; the y-axis grating 52 can move between the first pair of horizontal plates of the concave box body 10. Between 11 and 12, slide in the direction of arrow 311; since the rod body 32 has a hollow internal space, it can be used for the Z axis grating 53, and the rod body 32 together with the concave box body 10 and the photoelectric group According to the Z-axis direction (that is, the direction of the arrow 411), the base plate 8 is used as a base and slides corresponding to the Z-axis grating plate 53.

In cooperation with the three grating plates, the present invention has three corresponding photoelectric groups respectively disposed on different side walls of the rod body. Each of the photoelectric groups includes a bracket, a light emitting diode, and a phototransistor, among which the light emitting diode and a phototransistor They are respectively embedded in the bracket correspondingly, and there is a through slot in the middle of the bracket, so when the grating plate passes through the through slot of the bracket and the two move relative to each other, the photoelectric group can be used. The light between the light-emitting diode and the phototransistor is received or blocked, thereby detecting the movement of the grating plate.

In the structure of the above fan, by moving the concave box body 10, the X-axis grating plate 51 can be operated to move in the direction of the arrow 211. While moving, the first photoelectric group 41 reads its X and X The relative displacement of the axis grating plate 51 can be generated by the phototransistor of the first photoelectric group 41 to represent a series of pulse signals representing the X-axis displacement and sent to the computer. By moving the concave box body 10, the Z axis grating 52 can be operated to move in the direction of the arrow 311. While moving, the second photoelectric group 42 reads its relative displacement with the Z axis grating 52 Therefore, a series of pulse signals representing the displacement of the Z axis can be generated by the phototransistors of the first photoelectric group 42 and sent to the computer.

By operating the rod body 32 in the longitudinal direction, the relative displacement between the third photoelectric group 43 and the z-axis grating plate 53 can be read by the third photoelectric group 43. Therefore, a series of pulse signals representing the z-axis displacement can be generated by the phototransistors of the third photoelectric group 43. To that computer.

In order to make it easier for the operator to operate, the present invention has a sliding handle 3 that is convenient for the user to hold and control by hand. In this embodiment, the sliding handle can be combined with the lever body 32 and the concave box body 10 Therefore, it is possible to control the displacement of the X, 杆, and Z axes of the positioning device of the present invention and the positioning control of absolute coordinates by operating the sliding handle and then passing through the lever body 32. 6A is an exploded perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6B is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. 6C is a side sectional view of the handle according to FIG. 6A. In this embodiment, the operation purpose of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B can be achieved, but the sliding handle 3 is of a rocker type.

FIG. 7A is a control circuit diagram used in the first and second embodiments of the present invention. In this control circuit, it mainly includes:

An X-axis AB phase detection circuit 61 detects the displacement state of the X-axis grating plate by a photocell composed of an internal light-emitting diode and a phototransistor;

A Y-axis AB phase detection circuit 62 detects the displacement of the Y-axis grating plate by a photocell composed of an internal light-emitting diode and a phototransistor;

An input button 63, including three buttons;

A main control circuit 64 for signal control conversion;

-Voltage stabilization circuit 65 to provide the working power required by the main control circuit and other components;

—Signal output circuit 66 sends the signal from the main control circuit to the RS232 interface as a signal with standard RS232 signal specifications.

FIG. 7B shows a control circuit diagram used in the third embodiment of the present invention. In this control circuit, its main structure is the same as the circuit shown in Fig. 6, in order to cooperate with the three-dimensional control method shown in Fig. 5, it is necessary to set an additional AB phase detection circuit 60 of the Z axis to detect The relative displacement of the Z-axis grating sheet and the photoelectric group.

8A to 8C are control flowcharts of the present invention, and FIG. The control flow chart shown in Figures 8A to C is to set the RS232 transmission rate, start bit, end bit and length, reset the work area to zero, and clear all marks and recorders. Then, read in XA, XB , YA, YB, and then find the values of X + direction, X- direction, Xmax, Xmin, and values of Y + direction, Y- direction, Ymax, Ymin in the comparison status table (see also the state diagram shown in Figure 3E). These values are stored for comparison. After reading the values of XA, XB, YA, and YB, it is compared with the previous state, and if so, return to read XA, XB, YA, and YB again. If not, the interpretation of the X-axis mode is performed first (such as the X-axis mode shown by the dashed line). In the interpretation of this mode, the previous states are compared with (0, 0), (1, 1), and (1), respectively. , 0), (0, 1) and other possible states. After the X-axis mode is executed, the interpretation of the γ-axis mode is performed (the flow is the same as the X-axis mode). In the timing auxiliary auxiliary y mode shown in Figure 8D, an interrupt signal can be generated ten times per second. The computer After reading Xmax and Xmin directly from the active grating, an interrupt signal is generated 10 times per second, then the Y-axis mode is judged, and finally it returns. Fig. 8E shows the control flow according to the embodiment of Figs. 3I, J, and K. Process map.

The above is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Various other modifications and changes should still fall within the creative spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims defined below.

Claims

Rights request

1. A mechanical-optical cursor control device for absolute coordinates, used to control cursor positioning on a computer display screen, the control device includes:

A concave box body, in which a first pair of transverse plates is formed on a corresponding inner side wall, and a second pair of transverse plates is also formed on another pair of inner side walls orthogonal to the inner side wall;

— X-axis grating plate, which can slide between the second pair of horizontal plates of the concave box body according to the extension direction of the first pair of horizontal plates;

—Y-axis grating plate, which can slide a rod body between the first pair of horizontal plates of the concave box body in the extending direction of the first pair of horizontal plates to form a hollow columnar structure, which is arranged in the center of the concave box body Location

The first photoelectric group includes a light-emitting diode and two phototransistors, which are respectively fixed on one side wall of the rod body and have a through slot for the X-axis grating plate to pass through;

The second photoelectric group includes a light emitting diode and two phototransistors, which are respectively fixed on the other side wall of the rod body and have a through slot for the Y axis grating plate to pass through;

By moving the rod body, the X-axis grating plate can be moved. While moving, the second photoelectric group reads its relative displacement with the Y-axis grating plate, and the second photoelectric group generates a representative Y-axis. A series of displacement pulse signals are sent to the computer;

By moving the rod body, the Y-axis grating plate can be moved. While moving, the relative displacement between the Y-axis grating plate and the X-axis grating plate is read by the first photoelectric group, and is generated by the phototransistor of the first photoelectric group. A series of pulse signals representing the X-axis displacement are sent to the computer;

After receiving the signal of the photoelectric group, the computer judges the moving direction according to its binary value, and then obtains the minimum (min) and maximum (max) values in the X-axis and Y-axis directions according to the moving direction signal, respectively.

2. The mechanical-optical absolute coordinate cursor control device according to claim 1, comprising a sliding handle, which is combined with the shift lever body to form a sliding handle structure suitable for the user to hold and control. Control the X and Y axis displacement of the positioning device and the positioning control of absolute coordinates.

3. The vernier control device of the mechanical-optical absolute coordinate system according to claim 1, wherein the light-shielding section and the light-transmitting section of the upper and lower rows are arranged on the grating sheet, and the light-shielding and light-transmitting sections of the upper and lower rows are arranged. The width is the same, and the phase difference is 90 degrees. Therefore, when moving, cooperate with a series of binary signals generated by the corresponding photoelectric group. Knowing the direction of its movement can also generate boundary values.

4. The mechanical-optical absolute coordinate cursor control device according to claim 1, further comprising a first fixed grating plate disposed between the light-emitting diode of the first photoelectric group and the two phototransistors, and a second The grating plate is arranged between the light-emitting diode of the second photo-electric group and the two photo-transistors.

5. The vernier control device of the mechanical-optical absolute coordinate system according to claim 4, wherein the fixed grating has a light-shielding area and a light-transmitting area, the widths of which are equal, and corresponds to the light-shielding area and the light-transmitting area of the movable grating, to facilitate The directional light advances.

6. The mechanical-optical absolute coordinate vernier control device according to claim 5, wherein the fixed grating is directly printed on the surface of the light-emitting diode of the photoelectric group to form a light-shielding area and a light-transmitting area, the widths of which are equal, and the activities Light-shielding and light-transmitting areas of gratings I advance in parallel light.

7. A mechanical-optical cursor control device with absolute coordinates for controlling cursor positioning on a computer display screen, the control device comprising:

A bottom plate

-A rod body, which is arranged at the center of the bottom plate;

The first photoelectric group includes a light emitting diode and two phototransistors, which are respectively fixed on a side wall of the rod body and have a through slot;

The second photoelectric group includes a light emitting diode and two phototransistors, which are respectively fixed on the other side wall of the rod body and have a through slot;

An X-axis grating plate passes through the through slot of the first photovoltaic group, and can be relatively displaced with the first photovoltaic group, and it can be between the second pair of horizontal plates of the concave box body according to the second pair. Sliding in the direction of extension of the transverse plate;

A Y-axis grating plate passes through the through slot of the second photovoltaic group, and can be relatively displaced with the second photovoltaic group, and it can be between the first pair of horizontal plates of the concave box body according to the first pair. Sliding in the direction of extension of the transverse plate;

By moving the concave box body, the X-axis grating plate can be moved. While moving, the first photoelectric group reads the relative displacement between the X-axis grating plate and the first photoelectric group. A series of pulse signals of X-axis displacement are sent to the computer;

By moving the concave box body, the Y-axis grating plate can be moved. While moving, the second photoelectric The group reads its relative displacement with the Y-axis grating, and a series of pulse signals representing the Z-axis displacement are generated by the phototransistors of the second photo-electric group and sent to the computer;

After receiving the signal of the photoelectric group, the computer judges the moving direction according to its binary value, and then obtains the minimum (min) and maximum (max) values in the X-axis and Υ-axis directions according to the moving direction signal, respectively.

8. The vernier control device of the mechanical-optical absolute coordinate system according to claim 8, wherein the light-shielding section and the light-transmitting section are arranged in the upper and lower rows of the grating sheet, and the light-shielding and light-transmitting sections of the upper and lower rows are arranged. The width is equal, and the phase difference is 90 degrees. Therefore, when moving, it can cooperate with a series of binary signals generated by the corresponding photoelectric group to determine the direction of its movement and generate a boundary value.

9. A mechanical-optical cursor control device with absolute coordinates for controlling the positioning of a cursor on a computer display screen in the X, Y, and Z axis directions. The control device includes:

A bottom plate

A rod body, which is a hollow cylinder, arranged at the center of the bottom plate;

The third photoelectric group is fixed on the top side wall of the rod body;

An X-axis grating plate passes through the through slot of the first photovoltaic group, and can be relatively displaced with the first photovoltaic group, and can be between the second pair of horizontal plates of the concave box body according to the second pair of horizontal plates. Sliding in the extension direction of the board;

A Z axis grating plate penetrates the through slot of the second photoelectric group, and can be relatively displaced with the second photoelectric group, and can be between the first pair of horizontal plates of the concave box body according to the first pair of horizontal plates. Sliding in the extension direction of the board;

A ζ-axis grating has a bottom end fixed at the center of the bottom plate, and it penetrates the hollow rod body so that the rod can slide perpendicular to the direction in which the X-axis grating and the Z-axis grating move, so that ζ The axis grating is relatively displaced from the third photoelectric group,

By moving the box, the X-axis grating can be moved. While moving, the second photoelectric group reads the relative displacement of the grating with the γ-axis grating, and the second photoelectric group generates a representative Υ A series of pulses of axial displacement The red signal is sent to the computer;

By moving the box body, the Y-axis grating plate can be moved. While moving, the relative displacement of the Y-axis grating plate and the X-axis grating plate is read by the second photoelectric group. Generate a series of pulse signals representing the X-axis displacement and send it to the computer;

By manipulating the box longitudinally, the third photoelectric group can read the relative displacement with the z-axis grating corresponding to the z-axis grating, and the z-axis is generated by the phototransistor of the third photoelectric group. A series of displacement pulse signals are sent to the computer;

After receiving the signal of the photoelectric group, the computer judges the moving direction according to its binary value, and then obtains the minimum (mill) and maximum (max) values in the X-axis and Y-axis directions according to the moving direction signal.

10. The mechanical-optical absolute coordinate vernier control device according to claim 9, comprising a sliding handle, which is combined with the concave box body and the rod body to form a sliding handle suitable for the user to hold and control. Structure to control the X, Y, Z axial displacement of the positioning device and positioning control of absolute coordinates.

11. The vernier control device of the mechanical-optical absolute coordinate system according to claim 9, wherein the light-shielding section and the light-transmitting section of the upper and lower rows are arranged on the grating plate, and the light-shielding and light-transmitting sections of the upper and lower rows are arranged The widths are equal, and the phase difference is 90 degrees. Therefore, when moving, it can cooperate with a series of binary signals generated by the corresponding photoelectric group to determine the direction of its movement, and it can generate boundary values.

12. A vernier control device of a mechanical-optical absolute coordinate system according to claim 1 or 7 or 9, wherein the minimum and maximum values of the movement direction signals in the X-axis and Z-axis directions are respectively There is a dark area in the middle of the fixed grating plate 56. The 56a is one and a half times the ordinary light and dark, that is, a 90 degree displacement occurs in the phototransistors 584, 585. The phototransistors 583, 584, or 585, 586 were originally in the same phase, but the motion 58a on the grating plate 58 changes the phase of 583 and 584 when it is in the middle of the phototransistors 583 and 584. In this way, the maximum (max) signal is obtained. Similarly, the phase change of the phototransistor phase 585 and 586 can be minimized (min ) Signal; the difference lies in that the phototransistors 583, 584 are fixed to 56b on the grating plate 56 in the dark area, which is twice as bright and dark, so they are usually inverted. When 58a on the active grating plate 58 enters the phototransistor 583, When the middle of 5 and 584, 583 and 584 become the same phase to determine the boundary value. The difference is that the light and dark at the end of the active grating 58 are twice the width of the middle light and dark. The phototransistor 583 584 corresponding to the width of the intermediate zone width of shading, so that when the end 583, 584 is also inverted, i.e., the boundary value found.