WO1997007730A3 - Mri probe for external imaging - Google Patents

Mri probe for external imaging Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997007730A3
WO1997007730A3 PCT/US1996/013115 US9613115W WO9707730A3 WO 1997007730 A3 WO1997007730 A3 WO 1997007730A3 US 9613115 W US9613115 W US 9613115W WO 9707730 A3 WO9707730 A3 WO 9707730A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
external
probe
field
magnets
proximal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/013115
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1997007730A2 (en
Inventor
Yuly M Pulyer
Samuel Patz
Original Assignee
Brigham & Womens Hospital
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brigham & Womens Hospital filed Critical Brigham & Womens Hospital
Publication of WO1997007730A2 publication Critical patent/WO1997007730A2/en
Publication of WO1997007730A3 publication Critical patent/WO1997007730A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/38—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field
    • G01R33/3808—Magnet assemblies for single-sided MR wherein the magnet assembly is located on one side of a subject only; Magnet assemblies for inside-out MR, e.g. for MR in a borehole or in a blood vessel, or magnet assemblies for fringe-field MR
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/38—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field
    • G01R33/383—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field using permanent magnets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
    • G01R33/34046—Volume type coils, e.g. bird-cage coils; Quadrature bird-cage coils; Circularly polarised coils
    • G01R33/34061—Helmholtz coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
    • G01R33/34046—Volume type coils, e.g. bird-cage coils; Quadrature bird-cage coils; Circularly polarised coils
    • G01R33/34069—Saddle coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/36—Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
    • G01R33/3678—Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver involving quadrature drive or detection, e.g. a circularly polarized RF magnetic field
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/38—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field
    • G01R33/385—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field using gradient magnetic field coils

Abstract

A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe (7) having an external background magnetic field Bo is described. The probe has a primary magnet (1, 10, 10', 20, 21, 30) having a longitudinal axis and an external surface extending in the axial direction and a rf coil (13, 18, 80) surrounding and proximal to the surface. The magnet provides a Bo field having an external region of substantial homogeneity proximal to the surface. Preferably, the Bo field is provided by two magnets (20, 21) spaced axially and in axial alignment and wherein said region of homogeneity intersects a plane located between the magnets and perpendicular to the axis. For MR imaging, surrounding the primary magnet are r-, z- and ζ- gradient coils (2, 56, 57) to provide spatial encoding fields.
PCT/US1996/013115 1995-08-15 1996-08-14 Mri probe for external imaging WO1997007730A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/515,483 US5572132A (en) 1995-08-15 1995-08-15 MRI probe for external imaging
US08/515,483 1995-08-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997007730A2 WO1997007730A2 (en) 1997-03-06
WO1997007730A3 true WO1997007730A3 (en) 1997-04-17

Family

ID=24051543

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/013115 WO1997007730A2 (en) 1995-08-15 1996-08-14 Mri probe for external imaging

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US5572132A (en)
WO (1) WO1997007730A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (90)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2301674A (en) * 1995-06-01 1996-12-11 Hewlett Packard Co MRI magnet with superconducting gradient coils
US6549800B1 (en) * 1996-04-25 2003-04-15 Johns Hopkins Unversity School Of Medicine Methods for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging
EP0841575A3 (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-12-22 GEC-Marconi Limited Magnetic resonance imaging
US7048716B1 (en) * 1997-05-15 2006-05-23 Stanford University MR-compatible devices
US5914600A (en) * 1997-06-04 1999-06-22 Brigham And Women's Hospital Planar open solenoidal magnet MRI system
US6515474B1 (en) * 1997-08-06 2003-02-04 Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. Linearized magnetic displacement sensor
US6304769B1 (en) * 1997-10-16 2001-10-16 The Regents Of The University Of California Magnetically directable remote guidance systems, and methods of use thereof
US6163151A (en) * 1998-09-09 2000-12-19 Baker Hughes Incorporated Apparatus and method for making nuclear magnetic measurements in a borehole
US6534982B1 (en) * 1998-12-23 2003-03-18 Peter D. Jakab Magnetic resonance scanner with electromagnetic position and orientation tracking device
US7848788B2 (en) * 1999-04-15 2010-12-07 The Johns Hopkins University Magnetic resonance imaging probe
US6489872B1 (en) * 1999-05-06 2002-12-03 New Mexico Resonance Unilateral magnet having a remote uniform field region for nuclear magnetic resonance
FR2795524B1 (en) * 1999-06-23 2001-08-03 Commissariat Energie Atomique PORTABLE NMR MEASURING DEVICE
US6536469B2 (en) 1999-06-29 2003-03-25 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Self-centering magnet assembly for use in a linear travel measurement device
FR2793882A1 (en) * 1999-09-21 2000-11-24 Commissariat Energie Atomique Portable nuclear magnetic resonance detector for characterizing an object or product on the basis of identifiable protons
GB2357149A (en) * 1999-12-08 2001-06-13 Topspin Medical MRI using non-homogeneous static field
ATE285708T1 (en) * 2000-03-06 2005-01-15 Medos Sa MINIMAL INVASIVE CATHETER PROBE FOR NUCLEAR RESONANCE SPECTROMETRY
DE60017074T2 (en) * 2000-03-06 2006-03-30 Medos Sa Implantable nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer
EP1269206A2 (en) * 2000-03-24 2003-01-02 Surgi-Vision Apparatus, systems and methods for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging
US6553326B1 (en) * 2000-04-07 2003-04-22 Northern Digital Inc. Errors in systems using magnetic fields to locate objects
FR2811767B1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2002-09-20 Innov Pro DEVICE FOR EVALUATING THE DENSITY OF PROTONS PRESENT IN A GIVEN BODY
US8565860B2 (en) 2000-08-21 2013-10-22 Biosensors International Group, Ltd. Radioactive emission detector equipped with a position tracking system
US8489176B1 (en) 2000-08-21 2013-07-16 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Radioactive emission detector equipped with a position tracking system and utilization thereof with medical systems and in medical procedures
WO2005119025A2 (en) 2004-06-01 2005-12-15 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Radioactive-emission-measurement optimization to specific body structures
US8909325B2 (en) 2000-08-21 2014-12-09 Biosensors International Group, Ltd. Radioactive emission detector equipped with a position tracking system and utilization thereof with medical systems and in medical procedures
US6704594B1 (en) * 2000-11-06 2004-03-09 Topspin Medical (Israel) Limited Magnetic resonance imaging device
US6377048B1 (en) * 2000-11-08 2002-04-23 Topspin Medical (Israel) Limited Magnetic resonance imaging device for operation in external static magnetic fields
US6909284B2 (en) * 2000-12-22 2005-06-21 Brigham And Women's Hospital High efficiency planar open magnet MRI system structured and arranged to provide orthogonal ferrorefractory effect
US7505811B2 (en) 2001-11-19 2009-03-17 Dune Medical Devices Ltd. Method and apparatus for examining tissue for predefined target cells, particularly cancerous cells, and a probe useful in such method and apparatus
WO2003044554A1 (en) * 2001-11-23 2003-05-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method and system for acquiring spin labeled images by means of adiabatic flow criterion
US8019411B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2011-09-13 Dune Medical Devices Ltd. Probes, systems, and methods for examining tissue according to the dielectric properties thereof
US7720532B2 (en) * 2004-03-23 2010-05-18 Dune Medical Ltd. Clean margin assessment tool
US8116845B2 (en) 2005-08-04 2012-02-14 Dune Medical Devices Ltd. Tissue-characterization probe with effective sensor-to-tissue contact
US8721565B2 (en) 2005-08-04 2014-05-13 Dune Medical Devices Ltd. Device for forming an effective sensor-to-tissue contact
US7809425B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2010-10-05 Dune Medical Devices Ltd. Method and apparatus for examining a substance, particularly tissue, to characterize its type
US8032211B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2011-10-04 Dune Medical Devices Ltd. Probes, systems, and methods for examining tissue according to the dielectric properties thereof
DE10203371A1 (en) * 2002-01-29 2003-08-07 Siemens Ag Intravascular catheter with magnetic component in tip, allows magnetic field generated to be varied after introducing catheter into patient
US6518757B1 (en) 2002-03-08 2003-02-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Use of CPMG sequences with phase cycled refocusing pulses in inside-out NMR for phase encoded imaging and to eliminate coherent ringing within one scan
EP1514140A4 (en) * 2002-05-17 2006-01-25 Mr Instr Inc A cavity resonator for mr systems
AU2003286534A1 (en) * 2002-10-21 2004-05-13 The General Hospital Corporation D/B/A Massachusetts General Hospital Catheter and radiofrequency coil with annular b1 filed
US20040158144A1 (en) * 2003-02-03 2004-08-12 Topshooter Medical Imri Inc. NMR probe particularly useful for intra-luminal imaging
US6977500B1 (en) * 2003-03-27 2005-12-20 The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. MRI imaging with a PERL field
US6831463B1 (en) 2003-06-20 2004-12-14 Brigham And Women's Hospital Ferrorefraction MRI system having two orthogonal remote field polarization axes
US20050124773A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-09 Tang Phan L. Extrudable fluoroelastomer composition
US9470801B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2016-10-18 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Gating with anatomically varying durations
WO2007010534A2 (en) 2005-07-19 2007-01-25 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Imaging protocols
WO2008010227A2 (en) 2006-07-19 2008-01-24 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Imaging protocols
US7968851B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2011-06-28 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Dynamic spect camera
WO2005067383A2 (en) 2004-01-13 2005-07-28 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Multi-dimensional image reconstruction
US8586932B2 (en) 2004-11-09 2013-11-19 Spectrum Dynamics Llc System and method for radioactive emission measurement
US8571881B2 (en) 2004-11-09 2013-10-29 Spectrum Dynamics, Llc Radiopharmaceutical dispensing, administration, and imaging
WO2005067392A2 (en) * 2004-01-20 2005-07-28 Topspin Medical (Israel) Ltd. Mri probe for prostate imaging
US7904145B2 (en) 2004-03-23 2011-03-08 Dune Medical Devices Ltd. Clean margin assessment tool
US9750425B2 (en) * 2004-03-23 2017-09-05 Dune Medical Devices Ltd. Graphical user interfaces (GUI), methods and apparatus for data presentation
WO2005112895A2 (en) * 2004-05-20 2005-12-01 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Ingestible device platform for the colon
EP1774366A4 (en) * 2004-06-14 2007-11-14 Doron Kwiat A magnetic resonance imaging method and device using a static and homogeneous magnetic field
US20060074295A1 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-06 Nexgen Combined MR coil technology in medical devices
US20060084866A1 (en) * 2004-10-18 2006-04-20 Gadi Lewkonya Expanding imaging probe
US20060084861A1 (en) * 2004-10-18 2006-04-20 Topspin Medical (Isreal) Ltd. Magnet and coil configurations for MRI probes
US20060090194A1 (en) * 2004-10-21 2006-04-27 Smiley Ernest L Secure network management solution for Internet/computer equipment
US9316743B2 (en) 2004-11-09 2016-04-19 Biosensors International Group, Ltd. System and method for radioactive emission measurement
US8000773B2 (en) 2004-11-09 2011-08-16 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Radioimaging
EP1827505A4 (en) 2004-11-09 2017-07-12 Biosensors International Group, Ltd. Radioimaging
US8615405B2 (en) 2004-11-09 2013-12-24 Biosensors International Group, Ltd. Imaging system customization using data from radiopharmaceutical-associated data carrier
US9943274B2 (en) 2004-11-09 2018-04-17 Spectrum Dynamics Medical Limited Radioimaging using low dose isotope
WO2008059489A2 (en) 2006-11-13 2008-05-22 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Radioimaging applications of and novel formulations of teboroxime
CA2603025C (en) 2005-03-29 2014-05-20 Dune Medical Devices Ltd. Electromagnetic sensors for tissue characterization
US20070260136A1 (en) * 2005-04-21 2007-11-08 Ksm, Inc. Method For Conducting Double-Blind Testing Using A Constant Amplitude Electromagnetic System
US20070260106A1 (en) * 2005-04-21 2007-11-08 Ksm, Inc. Constant amplitude electromagnetic system for Treating An Animal Using A Constant Amplitude Electromagnetic Device
EP1907052B1 (en) * 2005-04-21 2010-01-13 KSM, Inc. Electromagnetic treatment device
US8837793B2 (en) 2005-07-19 2014-09-16 Biosensors International Group, Ltd. Reconstruction stabilizer and active vision
US7659719B2 (en) * 2005-11-25 2010-02-09 Mr Instruments, Inc. Cavity resonator for magnetic resonance systems
US8894974B2 (en) 2006-05-11 2014-11-25 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis and therapy
WO2008057578A1 (en) 2006-11-08 2008-05-15 T2 Biosystems, Inc. Nmr systems for in vivo detection of analytes
US8593144B2 (en) * 2006-11-24 2013-11-26 University Of New Brunswick Magnet array
US9275451B2 (en) 2006-12-20 2016-03-01 Biosensors International Group, Ltd. Method, a system, and an apparatus for using and processing multidimensional data
US20080275395A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-11-06 Innerspace Medical, Inc. MRI-Compatible Temperature-Sensing Catheter
US8147423B2 (en) * 2007-03-01 2012-04-03 Dune Medical Devices, Ltd. Tissue-characterization system and method
WO2009037711A2 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-26 Topspin Medical (Israel) Ltd. Mri image reconstruction method involving nonlinear encoding gradients or phase cycling
US8521253B2 (en) 2007-10-29 2013-08-27 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Prostate imaging
US8519708B2 (en) * 2007-11-06 2013-08-27 T2 Biosystems, Inc. Small magnet and RF coil for magnetic resonance relaxometry
US10215825B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2019-02-26 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Magnetic microstructures for magnetic resonance imaging
US9084819B2 (en) 2009-04-03 2015-07-21 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, as represented by THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH Magnetic microstructures for magnetic resonance imaging
US9084820B2 (en) * 2008-04-18 2015-07-21 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Office Of Technology Transfer, National Institutes Of Health Magnetic microstructures for magnetic resonance imaging
US8338788B2 (en) 2009-07-29 2012-12-25 Spectrum Dynamics Llc Method and system of optimized volumetric imaging
US8405396B2 (en) 2009-09-30 2013-03-26 International Business Machines Corporation Implantable or insertable nuclear magnetic resonant imaging system
US20110133726A1 (en) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-09 Alexander Ballantyne Precision alignment system
DE102011077743B3 (en) * 2011-06-17 2012-11-22 Siemens Ag Method for producing a gradient coil assembly and winding mandrel
DE102014213857B4 (en) * 2014-07-16 2016-03-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device with MR coil
US10564237B2 (en) 2017-04-21 2020-02-18 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Single-sided magnets for remote nuclear magnetic resonance measurements
US11959989B2 (en) * 2021-06-15 2024-04-16 Weinberg Medical Physics Inc Apparatus and method for magnetic resonance imaging with electropermanent magnets

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5296811A (en) * 1991-11-22 1994-03-22 Instrumentarium Corp. Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and method
US5334937A (en) * 1992-10-27 1994-08-02 Peck Timothy L Magnetic field gradient coil and assembly
US5390673A (en) * 1994-01-14 1995-02-21 Cordata, Incorporated Magnetic resonance imaging system
US5432446A (en) * 1992-11-02 1995-07-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Borehole measurement of NMR characteristics of earth formation
US5462054A (en) * 1987-10-07 1995-10-31 Advanced Techtronics, Inc. Permanent magnet arrangement

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4350955A (en) * 1980-10-10 1982-09-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Magnetic resonance apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5462054A (en) * 1987-10-07 1995-10-31 Advanced Techtronics, Inc. Permanent magnet arrangement
US5296811A (en) * 1991-11-22 1994-03-22 Instrumentarium Corp. Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and method
US5334937A (en) * 1992-10-27 1994-08-02 Peck Timothy L Magnetic field gradient coil and assembly
US5432446A (en) * 1992-11-02 1995-07-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Borehole measurement of NMR characteristics of earth formation
US5390673A (en) * 1994-01-14 1995-02-21 Cordata, Incorporated Magnetic resonance imaging system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997007730A2 (en) 1997-03-06
US5572132A (en) 1996-11-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO1997007730A3 (en) Mri probe for external imaging
US5250901A (en) Open architecture iron core electromagnet for MRI using superconductive winding
US6014070A (en) Ferromagnetic yoke magnets for medical magnetic resonance studies
JPH02501271A (en) nuclear magnetic resonance scanner
US5744960A (en) Planar open magnet MRI system
EP0964263A3 (en) Open supercondutive magnet having shielding
US6002255A (en) Planar open magnet MRI system having active target field shimming
GB2355800B (en) Improved magnet
WO2000034792A3 (en) Magnetic resonance apparatus and methods with shim adjustment
WO1999005531A3 (en) Permanent magnet assemblies for use in medical applications
CA2270308A1 (en) Magnetic field generator for mri, packing member for the same, and method for packing the same
JPH0462441B2 (en)
US4710741A (en) Electromagnet arrangements for producing a magnetic field of high homogenity
WO2001069276A3 (en) Coil configuration for nmr imaging and method of detecting magnetic fields in nmr imaging
ATE336728T1 (en) MR IMAGING SYSTEM WITH IMPROVED ACCESS
CA2008555A1 (en) Method and apparatus for reducing base field shifts in a magnetic resonance device due to pulsed magnetic field gradients
EP0609604B1 (en) Magnetic field generation device for use in superconductive type MRI
US5914600A (en) Planar open solenoidal magnet MRI system
US4755755A (en) Compact transverse magnetic gradient coils and dimensioning method therefor
GB2315127A (en) Open-access MRI magnet with improved homogeneity
US5825187A (en) Magnetic circuit system with opposite permanent magnets
US5389879A (en) MRI device having high field strength cylindrical magnet with two axially spaced electromagnets
EP0828263B1 (en) Magnetic structure having a partial yoke and a magnetic shunt
US6504461B2 (en) Open magnet with recessed field shaping coils
JP3056883B2 (en) Magnetic field generator for MRI

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): CA JP

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): CA JP

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA