WO1997041403A1 - Firing mixtures - Google Patents
Firing mixtures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997041403A1 WO1997041403A1 PCT/EP1997/002104 EP9702104W WO9741403A1 WO 1997041403 A1 WO1997041403 A1 WO 1997041403A1 EP 9702104 W EP9702104 W EP 9702104W WO 9741403 A1 WO9741403 A1 WO 9741403A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mixture according
- explosives
- ignition
- ignition mixture
- mixtures
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
- F42B3/113—Initiators therefor activated by optical means, e.g. laser, flashlight
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to ignition mixtures, their preparation and their use.
- Firing mixtures or firing sets serve to ignite pyro-technical mixtures or sets as well as propellant charges.
- the pyrotechnic mixtures or sets can be the sole charge or an intensifying charge of the ignition or a gas-generating set.
- Propellant charges / gas sets convert into predominantly gaseous components that are used to trigger fast-running processes such as the acceleration of projectiles, the driving in of fastening materials, for example with the aid of bolt-setting devices or also the inflation of gas bags (airbags) or for triggering belt tensioners in motor vehicle safety.
- a variant is the use of liquid gas sets instead of solid gas sets. These use the reaction of liquid fuel with oxidizing agents to generate gas.
- Ignition mixtures are usually triggered mechanically and must therefore be sensitive to the effects of friction and impact. They generally consist of initial or primary explosives, such as lead trinitroresorcinate or diazodinitrophenol, reducing agents such as metal powder and oxidizing agents such as barium nitrate or zinc peroxide. Sensitizers such as tetrazene or friction agents such as glass powder, which increase the sensitivity of the initial explosives, are also used. The rapidly reacting initial explosives are primarily used for electrically ignitable systems. However, the high mechanical sensitivity of the components required for proper functioning is disadvantageous when handling the raw materials and mixtures. It requires special security measures. Other types of ignition, such as ignition by thermal action or by coupling high-frequency Electromagnetic waves do not solve this problem or are only suitable for very special, highly restricted applications.
- the object of the present invention was to provide new ignition mixtures.
- the object is achieved by ignition mixtures which can be ignited by laser light.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention may contain primary or initial explosives, secondary explosives or mixtures of these explosives as explosives.
- Primary or initial explosives which can be used are, for example, lead nitro resorcinate, diazodinitrophenol, tetrazene or potassium dinitrobenzofuroxanate or mixtures of these explosives.
- Suitable secondary explosives are selected from nitrocellulose, hexanitrostilbene, nitrated aromatic compounds and / or nitrated aromatic compounds with a polymeric structure such as polynitropolyphenyl ether or the polynitropolyphenylenes, from certain heterocycles such as nitrotriazolone, from the derivatives of the tetrazoles such as aminotetrazolotole or diaminotetrazolezol as well as from hexogen or octogen.
- the secondary explosives derived from urea and its derivatives can also be used.
- Examples include the urea derivatives biuret, guanidine, nitroguanidine, guanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine, aminoguanidine nitrate, thiourea, triaminoguanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, azodicarboxylic acid diamide, tetrazene, dericarboxylic acid, and dicarbarbide urethane, and their derivatives, as well as the carbonic acid urethane and the carbonic acid urethane and the urethane urethane and their derivatives.
- the explosives mentioned can be used alone or as a mixture.
- the secondary explosives are preferred, particularly preferably the nitrated aromatic compounds with a polymer structure, in particular the polynipropolyphenyl ethers and the polynitropolyphenylenes or mixtures of these secondary explosives.
- the igniters according to the invention also contain oxidizing and reducing agents which are customary per se. Binder, processing and / or pressing aids can optionally also be used.
- the peroxides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, zinc peroxide, and the peroxodisulfates of the elements mentioned and of ammonium, nitrates of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, in particular lithium, sodium, potassium or strontium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, oxohalogen compounds of the alkali can be used as oxidizing agents or alkaline earth metals or ammonium, particularly preferably potassium perchlorate or ammonium perchlorate. Sulfur is also suitable as an oxidizing agent.
- the oxidizing agents mentioned can be used alone or as a mixture.
- metals such as titanium, zirconium, aluminum, magnesium and cerium are used as reducing agents in finely powdered form. Alloys of these metals such as titanium / aluminum or cerium / magnesium can also be used according to the invention.
- Other reducing agents are carbon or boron. The reducing agents mentioned can be used alone or as a mixture.
- binders Compounds from the group of polyesters or poly urethanes can be used as binders.
- Processing and pressing aids can be substances which, for example, increase the flowability, such as Aerosil or substances which prevent dust formation and improve the lubricity or metering capacity, such as graphite or boron nitride.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention can optionally be colored or with colored pigments be transferred.
- the thermal stability can be improved if necessary by adding stabilizers.
- substances that are used to stabilize the nitrocellulose are suitable as such.
- combustion moderators can be added to the ignition mixtures according to the invention to influence the rate of combustion.
- Moderators who intervene in the implementation in the form of heterogeneous catalysis are metals, metal oxides and / or metal carbonates and / or metal sulfides. Boron, silicon, copper, iron, titanium, zinc or molybdenum can preferably be used as metals. Calcium carbonate can also be used. Mixtures of these moderators can also be used.
- Moderators who intervene in the implementation in the form of homogeneous catalysis are, for example, sulfur, copper resorcylates or ferrocene and its derivatives. These moderators are evaporated by the temperatures occurring during the reaction and can intervene in the reaction itself or as secondary products.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention can optionally be treated or coated with protective agents.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways. They are preferably used to ignite pyrotechnic mixtures or sets as well as propellant charges, which are used to trigger fast-moving processes such as the acceleration of projectiles, the driving in of fastening materials, for example with the aid of bolt-setting tools, or that Inflating gas bags (airbags) or triggering belt tensioners can be used in automotive safety.
- propellant charges such as the acceleration of projectiles, the driving in of fastening materials, for example with the aid of bolt-setting tools, or that Inflating gas bags (airbags) or triggering belt tensioners can be used in automotive safety.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention were used with a thermodynamic computer program at constant volume and a charge density of 0.1 g / cm 3 an adiabatic reaction is expected. Table 3 shows the most important data of the thermodynamic calculation. The ignition energy required to trigger a reaction was determined experimentally.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention are produced by methods known per se.
- the individual components are sieved in the mixing ratios given in Table 1 through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.2 mm and mixed in a tumble mixer for 30 minutes.
- Each 200 mg of these mixtures are pressed with a pressing force of 71 N / mm 2 into tablets with a diameter of 6 mm.
- the tablets produced in this way are irradiated with a laser beam (wavelength 1,060 nm) approx. 200 mJ and a pulse length of 2.5 ms ignited.
- the ignition behavior is shown in Table 1.
- Ti titanium metal powder ⁇ 40 ⁇ m ZnO 2 zinc peroxide, average grain size 6.5 ⁇ m, oxygen content 13.5%
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT97921748T ATE304156T1 (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-04-24 | IGNITION MIXTURES |
CA002253196A CA2253196C (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-04-24 | Firing mixtures |
DE59712416T DE59712416D1 (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-04-24 | igniter |
EP97921748A EP0894235B1 (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-04-24 | Firing mixtures |
US09/873,422 US20010054462A1 (en) | 1996-04-26 | 2001-06-05 | Ignition Mixtures |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19616627.6 | 1996-04-26 | ||
DE19616627A DE19616627A1 (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1996-04-26 | Kindling mixtures |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997041403A1 true WO1997041403A1 (en) | 1997-11-06 |
Family
ID=7792474
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1997/002104 WO1997041403A1 (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-04-24 | Firing mixtures |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US20010054462A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0894235B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE304156T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19616627A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2249799T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997041403A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2548857A1 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG | Use of a bistetrazolyl amine salt |
Families Citing this family (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19805976C1 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-04-29 | Nigu Chemie Gmbh | Pre-ignition powder for thermal safety device for car air-bags |
EP1064241B1 (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 2007-08-08 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Primary explosives and primers which can be ignited by electric triggering |
US6165296A (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2000-12-26 | Autoliv Development As | Gas generant igniter composition and method |
US6132480A (en) * | 1999-04-22 | 2000-10-17 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Gas forming igniter composition for a gas generant |
ATA75099A (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2001-03-15 | Hirtenberger Ag | IGNITION BLOCK |
DE10058705C1 (en) * | 2000-11-25 | 2002-02-28 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Pourable bursting charge consisting of crystalline explosive embedded in a polymer matrix, containing finely divided metal powder, e.g. vanadium, as solid lubricant to provide low viscosity at high solids content |
DE10221044A1 (en) * | 2001-05-10 | 2002-11-14 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Igniter composition useful for coating metal strip, hot wire or spark gap igniters comprises soluble igniter substances e.g. cesium azotetrazolate |
AT410315B (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-03-25 | Josef Koehler | Low signature pyrotechnic product, used as electrically-ignitable bullet-hit for special effects or in cable cutter, pelican hook, glass breaker or trunnion gun, contains atoxic metal diazinate, passivator and nitro compounds |
KR100561952B1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2006-03-21 | 주식회사 한화 | Slight-shock blasting composition |
US20040089383A1 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-05-13 | Mendenhall Ivan V. | Gas generant igniter coating materials and methods |
DE102004001980A1 (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2004-07-22 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Propellant charge useful in weapons training systems comprises a soft friction material |
US20040234914A1 (en) | 2003-05-21 | 2004-11-25 | Alexza Molecular Delivery Corporation | Percussively ignited or electrically ingnited self-contained heating unit and drug-supply unit employing same |
US7402777B2 (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2008-07-22 | Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Stable initiator compositions and igniters |
FR2897864B1 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2008-04-11 | Cheddite France Sa | PRIMING COMPOSITION AND APPLICATIONS |
US8641842B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-02-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Propellant compositions including stabilized red phosphorus, a method of forming same, and an ordnance element including the same |
US8540828B2 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2013-09-24 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions and an ordnance element including the same |
US20130333815A1 (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2013-12-19 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-lethal payloads and methods of producing same |
EP2352710B1 (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2018-02-28 | RUAG Ammotec GmbH | Ignition sets with improved ignition performance |
US8465606B1 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2013-06-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Composition of matter for an incendiary device and method of manufacture |
RU2522611C2 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-07-20 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" | Light sensitive explosive composition |
KR101740620B1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2017-05-26 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Nano Energetic Material Composites with Explosion via Optical Ignition and Method for fabricating the same |
EP3523266A4 (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2020-06-10 | Olin Corporation | Pyrotechnic compositions |
US10460941B2 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2019-10-29 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Plasma doping using a solid dopant source |
RU2637016C1 (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-11-29 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") | Method for manufacturing heat-resistant light-sensitive explosive compositions and light detonator on their basis |
RU2729490C1 (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-08-07 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") | Initiating composition and method for production thereof |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3876478A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1975-04-08 | Us Navy | Light sensitive explosive mixture |
DE2543971A1 (en) * | 1975-10-02 | 1977-04-07 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE-RESISTANT FUEL |
DE2752166A1 (en) * | 1977-11-23 | 1979-06-13 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | POLYMERS MADE FROM POLYNITRO FLAVORS |
US4620046A (en) * | 1983-03-21 | 1986-10-28 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Nitrated aryl ethers |
US4861924A (en) * | 1988-08-25 | 1989-08-29 | Jet Research Center, Inc. | 1,3,5-trinitro-2,4,6-tripicrylbenzene |
US4892037A (en) * | 1989-01-03 | 1990-01-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Self consumable initiator |
EP0365503A1 (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-04-25 | Nitro Nobel Ab | Initiating element for nonprimary explosive detonators |
US5099761A (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1992-03-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Laser actuated thru-bulkhead initiator |
US5179247A (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-01-12 | Ensign-Bickford Aerospace Corporation | Optically initiated detonator |
DE4302476A1 (en) * | 1993-01-29 | 1994-08-04 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Priming compsn. of inert granules coated with flame-sensitive primer |
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DE1771943C2 (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1975-03-27 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Ignition kit for propellants and rocket propellants |
US3618521A (en) * | 1969-07-07 | 1971-11-09 | Us Navy | Propellant gas generator |
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US5552257A (en) * | 1994-01-21 | 1996-09-03 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Thermal decomposition of azide-containing materials |
ATE177074T1 (en) * | 1994-08-27 | 1999-03-15 | Eley Ltd | INITIAL CHARGE |
US5747723A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-05-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Modular artillery charge system |
FR2774684B1 (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 2000-03-03 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | NEW NON-DETONATED PYROTECHNIC MATERIALS FOR MICROSYSTEMS |
-
1996
- 1996-04-26 DE DE19616627A patent/DE19616627A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1997
- 1997-04-24 DE DE59712416T patent/DE59712416D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-24 WO PCT/EP1997/002104 patent/WO1997041403A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-04-24 ES ES97921748T patent/ES2249799T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-24 AT AT97921748T patent/ATE304156T1/en active
- 1997-04-24 EP EP97921748A patent/EP0894235B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-06-05 US US09/873,422 patent/US20010054462A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-06-29 US US11/168,462 patent/US20070017612A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2010
- 2010-03-30 US US12/750,643 patent/US20100180787A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-12-09 US US12/963,794 patent/US20110162547A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3876478A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1975-04-08 | Us Navy | Light sensitive explosive mixture |
DE2543971A1 (en) * | 1975-10-02 | 1977-04-07 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE-RESISTANT FUEL |
DE2752166A1 (en) * | 1977-11-23 | 1979-06-13 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | POLYMERS MADE FROM POLYNITRO FLAVORS |
US4620046A (en) * | 1983-03-21 | 1986-10-28 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Nitrated aryl ethers |
US4861924A (en) * | 1988-08-25 | 1989-08-29 | Jet Research Center, Inc. | 1,3,5-trinitro-2,4,6-tripicrylbenzene |
EP0365503A1 (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-04-25 | Nitro Nobel Ab | Initiating element for nonprimary explosive detonators |
US4892037A (en) * | 1989-01-03 | 1990-01-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Self consumable initiator |
US5099761A (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1992-03-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Laser actuated thru-bulkhead initiator |
US5179247A (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-01-12 | Ensign-Bickford Aerospace Corporation | Optically initiated detonator |
DE4302476A1 (en) * | 1993-01-29 | 1994-08-04 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Priming compsn. of inert granules coated with flame-sensitive primer |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2548857A1 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG | Use of a bistetrazolyl amine salt |
EP2679567A3 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2017-10-04 | Diehl Defence GmbH & Co. KG | Use of a bistetrazolyl amine salt |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE304156T1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
US20100180787A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
EP0894235A1 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
ES2249799T3 (en) | 2006-04-01 |
US20110162547A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
EP0894235B1 (en) | 2005-09-07 |
DE19616627A1 (en) | 1997-11-06 |
DE59712416D1 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
US20010054462A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
US20070017612A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
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