WO1998004381A1 - Process for joining a workpiece which can be plasticised to another workpiece - Google Patents

Process for joining a workpiece which can be plasticised to another workpiece Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998004381A1
WO1998004381A1 PCT/DE1997/001582 DE9701582W WO9804381A1 WO 1998004381 A1 WO1998004381 A1 WO 1998004381A1 DE 9701582 W DE9701582 W DE 9701582W WO 9804381 A1 WO9804381 A1 WO 9804381A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpiece
friction element
workpieces
friction
base
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1997/001582
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Burkhardt Suthoff
Andreas Schaaf
Holger Hentschel
Udo Franz
Original Assignee
Burkhardt Suthoff
Andreas Schaaf
Holger Hentschel
Udo Franz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Burkhardt Suthoff, Andreas Schaaf, Holger Hentschel, Udo Franz filed Critical Burkhardt Suthoff
Priority to AU38469/97A priority Critical patent/AU3846997A/en
Priority to EP97935488A priority patent/EP0921893A1/en
Publication of WO1998004381A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998004381A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1265—Non-butt welded joints, e.g. overlap-joints, T-joints or spot welds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0681—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
    • B29C65/609—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking the integral rivets being plunge-formed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7437—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc the tool being a perforating tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis

Definitions

  • the invention further relates to a friction element and a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows two plate-shaped, superimposed workpieces 1 and 2, which can be, for example, sheets or parts of hollow profiles to be connected to one another. The two parts are firmly pressed together. However, it is not necessary to treat the surfaces of the workpieces 1 and 2 in the area of the joining or contact zone 3 specifically, to remove rolled or oxide skins or the like, as is required for spot welding, since the joining mechanism is completely different.
  • a device, not shown, for executing the method according to the invention is described in claims 12 and 13. Since the heat generated by the rotation or relative movement of the friction element relative to the workpieces decreases with increasing plasticization of the material and the associated decrease in the coefficient of friction, it is expedient to provide a speed control of the friction ram depending on the feed path or speed and / or contact pressure . In this way, an optimal and reproducible material temperature can be achieved during the connection process, and the time required to establish a connection can also be minimized.

Abstract

Two metallic workpieces are joined into a compound by placing a first workpiece against a base workpiece in the area of a joint and by pressing a friction element against the first workpiece while moving it relative to the workpieces towards the area of the joint. The friction element permeates into the first workpiece, forming a melt, the melt enters the area of the joint and is then withdrawn from the compound. The workpieces are thus friction welded in the area of the joint.

Description

Verfahren zum Verbinden eines plastifizierbaren Werkstücks mit einem anderen WerkstückMethod for connecting a plasticizable workpiece to another workpiece
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbinden bzw. Fügen eines plastifizierbaren Werkstücks mit einem anderen, welches ebenfalls plastifizierbar sein kann, d.h. beispielsweise zweier oder mehrerer plastifizierbarer, insbesondere metallischer Werkstücke .The invention relates to a method for connecting or joining one plasticizable workpiece to another, which can also be plasticized, i.e. for example two or more plasticizable, in particular metallic, workpieces.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Reibelement sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Ausführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The invention further relates to a friction element and a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
Es sind bereits unterschiedliche Verbindungstechniken für plastifizierbare bzw. metallische Werkstücke auf der Basis einer Schweißverbindung bekannt. Je nach Anwendungsbereich, insbesondere beim Verbinden von (Aluminium-) Dünnblechen, weisen die bekannten Fügungstechniken allerdings dahingehend gravierende Nachteile auf, daß sie extrem kostenintensiv sind, aufwendige Apparaturen benötigen oder eine besondere Materialvorbereitung erforderlich ist, wobei selbst dann manche Materialpaarungen praktisch kaum zu fügen sind.Different connection techniques for plasticizable or metallic workpieces based on a welded connection are already known. Depending on the field of application, in particular when joining (aluminum) thin sheets, the known joining techniques have serious disadvantages in that they are extremely cost-intensive and expensive Equipment or special material preparation is required, even then some material pairs are practically impossible to join.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Verbinden bzw. Fügen eines plastifizierbaren bzw. metallischen Werkstücks mit einem anderen zu schaffen, bei dem die genannten und weitere Nachteile vermieden werden.The present invention has for its object to provide a method for connecting or joining a plasticizable or metallic workpiece with another, in which the mentioned and other disadvantages are avoided.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Verbinden eines plastifizierbaren Werkstücks mit einem anderen Werkstück, wobeiThis object is achieved according to the invention by a method for connecting a plasticizable workpiece to another workpiece, wherein
(a) ein erstes Werkstück gegen ein Basiswerkstück angedrückt wird, wobei sich eine Fügezone zwischen dem ersten Werkstück und dem Basiswerkstück befindet,(a) a first workpiece is pressed against a base workpiece, with a joining zone between the first workpiece and the base workpiece,
(b) ein Reibelement unter aktivierender Relativbewegung gegenüber den Werkstücken in Richtung auf die Fügezone gegen das erste Werkstück angedrückt wird,(b) a friction element is pressed against the work piece in the direction of the joining zone against the first work piece with an activating relative movement,
(c) das Reibelement unter Bildung einer aktivierten, plasti- fizierten Prozeßzone durch das erste Werkstück hindurch bis zum Basiswerkstück vordringt und die Prozeßzone in den Bereich der Fügezone bringt,(c) the friction element penetrates through the first workpiece to the base workpiece, forming an activated, plasticized process zone and brings the process zone into the region of the joining zone,
(d) das Reibelement zurückgezogen wird, wobei ein Reib- schweißverbund der Werkstücke im Bereich der Fügezone erzeugt wird.(d) the friction element is withdrawn, a friction welded joint of the workpieces being produced in the region of the joining zone.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
Die Fügezone der Werkstücke bildet sich dabei nach einem Mechanismus aus, der ähnlich ist wie der vom Reibschweißen her bekannte FügungsVorgang . Durch Schaffung einer hochaktiven, energiereichen und gleichzeitig mechanisch durchmischten Prozeßzone im Verbindungsbereich der beiden Werkstücke ist es möglich, Metalle bzw. Legierungen miteinander zu verbinden, die bislang als kaum bzw. schwer fügbar galten, wie beispielsweise Dünnbleche aus Aluminium, bei denen die Oxidschicht sehr hinderlich ist.The joining zone of the workpieces is formed by a mechanism that is similar to the joining process known from friction welding. By creating a highly active, high-energy and at the same time mechanically mixed process zone in the connection area of the two workpieces, it is possible to connect metals or alloys to one another, which were previously considered to be difficult or difficult to fit, such as thin aluminum sheets, for which the oxide layer is very cumbersome.
In vorrichtungsmäßiger Hinsicht wird die Erfindung durch ein Reibelement sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Ausführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gelöst.In terms of the device, the invention is achieved by a friction element and a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
Das vorzugsweise als rotierender Stempel ausgebildete Reibelement bildet aufgrund der Aktivierung bzw. Wärmeerzeugung durch Reibungskräfte einen ringförmigen Wall teilweise oder vollständig geschmolzenen Materials, der durch den Druck des Stempels und durch Flieh- und Kapillarkräfte gleichmäßig in die Fuge zwischen den Werkstücken sowie in den Zwischenraum zwischen Stempelumfangsflache und umgebendem Material eingebracht wird.The friction element, which is preferably designed as a rotating stamp, forms an annular wall of partially or completely melted material due to the activation or generation of heat by frictional forces, which, due to the pressure of the stamp and due to centrifugal and capillary forces, uniformly into the joint between the workpieces and into the space between the circumferential surface of the stamp and surrounding material is introduced.
Zu den Vorteilen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zählt insbesondere, daß es ohne zusätzliche Schweißhilfsstoffe wie Zusatzschweißmaterial oder Brenngase auskommt. Als Folge davon besteht die Verbindungszone zwischen den Werkstücken ausschließlich aus dem Material der Werkstücke selbst. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann ferner auch ohne Einsatz von Strom ausgeführt werden, indem eine entsprechende Vorrichtung beispielsweise mit Druckluft betrieben wird. Ferner tritt im Gegensatz zum bekannten Elektro- oder Punktschweißen praktisch keine Funkenentwicklung auf .The advantages of the method according to the invention include, in particular, the fact that it does not require additional welding aids such as additional welding material or fuel gases. As a result, the connection zone between the workpieces consists exclusively of the material of the workpieces themselves. The method according to the invention can also be carried out without the use of electricity by operating a corresponding device, for example with compressed air. Furthermore, in contrast to the known electrical or spot welding, there is practically no spark development.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel und eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Werkstückverbundes näher beschrieben, wobei:The method according to the invention is described in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment and a workpiece assembly produced according to the invention, in which:
Fig. 1 bis 5 Querschnittsansichten zweier Werkstücke in aufeinanderfolgenden Phasen der Herstellung des Werkstückverbunds sind, und Fig. 6 einen Verbund aus drei Werkstücken im Querschnitt zeigt .1 to 5 are cross-sectional views of two workpieces in successive phases of the manufacture of the workpiece assembly, and Fig. 6 shows a composite of three workpieces in cross section.
Fig. 1 bis 4 erläutern die Herstellung eines in Fig. 5 dargestellten, fertigen Werkstückverbunds gemäß der Erfindung. Fig. 1 zeigt zwei plattenförmige, aufeinanderliegende Werkstücke 1 und 2, die beispielsweise Bleche oder Teile von miteinander zu verbindenen Hohlprofilen sein können. Die beiden Teile werden hierbei fest aneinandergepreßt . Es ist hingegen nicht erforderlich, die Oberflächen der Werkstücke 1 und 2 im Bereich der Füge- bzw. Kontaktzone 3 speziell zu behandeln, Walz- oder Oxidhäute zu entfernen oder ähnliches, wie dies beim Punktschweißen erforderlich ist, da der Fügemechanismus ein völlig anderer ist .1 to 4 explain the manufacture of a finished workpiece assembly shown in FIG. 5 according to the invention. Fig. 1 shows two plate-shaped, superimposed workpieces 1 and 2, which can be, for example, sheets or parts of hollow profiles to be connected to one another. The two parts are firmly pressed together. However, it is not necessary to treat the surfaces of the workpieces 1 and 2 in the area of the joining or contact zone 3 specifically, to remove rolled or oxide skins or the like, as is required for spot welding, since the joining mechanism is completely different.
Es genügt, wenn eines der zu fügenden Werkstücke plastifizier- bar bzw. schmelzfähig ist, wie Versuche mit Keramik als ein beteiligtes Material gezeigt haben. Außer Metallen kommen hierfür auch Kunststoffe in Betracht.It is sufficient if one of the workpieces to be joined can be plasticized or melted, as experiments with ceramics have shown as an involved material. In addition to metals, plastics can also be considered.
Ein rotierender Stempel 4 wird gegen die Oberfläche des Werkstücks 1 bewegt und unter Beibehaltung seiner Drehung fest gegen dieses angedrückt (Fig. 2) . Der Stempel wird hierbei mittels einer nicht dargestellten Antriebseinheit in Drehung versetzt. Der Stempel kann aus dem gleichen Material wie die Werkstücke 1 oder 2 bestehen, ist aber bevorzugt aus einem härteren und/oder höher schmelzenden Werkstoff hergestellt. Um zu verhindern, daß während des Reibschweißvorgangs Material von den Werkstücken 1 und 2 vorübergehend am Stempel 4 festklebt, kann dieser auch aus Hartmetall bestehen oder eine besondere Beschichtung aufweisen.A rotating punch 4 is moved against the surface of the workpiece 1 and pressed firmly against it while maintaining its rotation (FIG. 2). The stamp is rotated by means of a drive unit, not shown. The stamp can be made of the same material as workpieces 1 or 2, but is preferably made of a harder and / or higher melting material. In order to prevent material from the workpieces 1 and 2 from temporarily sticking to the stamp 4 during the friction welding process, this can also consist of hard metal or have a special coating.
Bei dem sich anschließenden Reibschweißvorgang bildet sich zwischen dem rotierenden Stempel 4 und dem damit in Berührung stehenden Material eine physikalisch- chemisch hochaktive Pro- zeßzone aus, in der zunächst Trockenreibung und dann Mischreibung vorliegt. Im Bereich der Mischreibung nimmt der Anteil der Trockenreibung ab und der der Flüssigkeitsreibung zu. Es bilden sich einzelne Schmelzinseln im Bereich der Prozeßzone, die zum Teil aufgrund der Fliehkraft und zum Teil durch den Anpreßdruck des Stempels in dessen Umfangs- bzw. Randzone gelangen und dort eine wulstförmige Materialansammlung 5 bilden (Fig. 3) . Auch der Umfangsbereich des bereits teilweise in das Werkstück 1 eingedrungenen Stempels 4 ist zunehmend von plastifiziertem bzw. geschmolzenem Material erfüllt.In the subsequent friction welding process, a physically-chemically highly active product forms between the rotating punch 4 and the material in contact with it. zeßzone in which there is first dry friction and then mixed friction. In the area of mixed friction, the proportion of dry friction decreases and that of fluid friction increases. Individual melting islands are formed in the area of the process zone, which, partly due to the centrifugal force and partly due to the contact pressure of the stamp, reach its peripheral or peripheral zone and form a bead-like material accumulation 5 there (FIG. 3). The circumferential area of the punch 4, which has already partially penetrated the workpiece 1, is increasingly filled with plasticized or melted material.
Der Stempel wird gegenüber dem in Fig. 3 gezeigten Zustand noch so weit in Richtung auf das Basiswerkstück 2 vorgetrieben, bis sich zumindest dessen Stirnseite in der Berührungsebene bzw. Fügezone befindet, vorzugsweise noch etwas weiter in das Basiswerkstück 2 hinein, wie Fig. 4 zeigt. Dies erfolgt deshalb, damit die erschmolzene bzw. plastifizierte Werkstoffmenge, die durch das Eindringen des Stempels in das Basiswerkstück 2 verdrängt wird, zumindest teilweise in den Spalt zwischen den beiden Werkstücken hineingedrückt wird, wie in Fig. 4 mit 6 bezeichnet. Das Eindringen des Werkstoffs in diesen Bereich der Fügezone wird zum einen durch die Fliehkräfte aufgrund der Drehung des Stempels und zum anderen durch die Kapillarkräfte im Spalt unterstützt. Der Stempel ist weiterhin auch längs seiner Umfangsflache von einer Schicht zumindest teilweise geschmolzenen Materials umgeben.Compared to the state shown in FIG. 3, the punch is advanced so far in the direction of the base workpiece 2 until at least its end face is in the contact plane or joining zone, preferably a little further into the base workpiece 2, as shown in FIG. 4 . This is done so that the melted or plasticized amount of material, which is displaced by the penetration of the punch into the base workpiece 2, is at least partially pressed into the gap between the two workpieces, as denoted by 6 in FIG. The penetration of the material into this area of the joining zone is supported on the one hand by the centrifugal forces due to the rotation of the punch and on the other hand by the capillary forces in the gap. The stamp is also surrounded along its circumferential surface by a layer of at least partially melted material.
Der Stempel kann an seinem Umfang mit einer Schneideinrichtung versehen sein, die dafür sorgt, daß der Wulst 5, der nicht zur Festigkeit der Verbindung beiträgt, unmittelbar entfernt wird.The stamp can be provided on its circumference with a cutting device which ensures that the bead 5, which does not contribute to the strength of the connection, is immediately removed.
Anschließend wird der Stempel aus der Fügezone zurückgezogen, wobei der in Fig. 5 dargestellte Werkstückverbund zurückbleibt. Während des Verbindungsvorgangs wurde eine zylindrische, im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrische, hülsen- bzw. hohlnietartige Verbindungszone 7 zwischen den Werkstücken erzeugt. Diese besteht ausschließlich aus den Werkstoffen der beteiligten Werkstücke, sofern der Stempel härter bzw. höher schmelzend ist, wobei es aufgrund der spezifischen Eigenschaften einer Reibschweißverbindung möglich ist, auch sehr unterschiedliche bzw. konventionell kaum fügbare Materialien miteinander zu verbinden, wie beispielsweise Aluminiumbleche oder Stahl und Aluminium.The punch is then withdrawn from the joining zone, the workpiece assembly shown in FIG. 5 remaining. During the connection process, a cylindrical, essentially rotationally symmetrical, sleeve or hollow rivet-like connection zone 7 generated between the workpieces. This consists exclusively of the materials of the workpieces involved, provided that the stamp is harder or has a higher melting point, whereby it is possible due to the specific properties of a friction welded joint to connect very different or conventionally difficult to join materials, such as aluminum sheets or steel and Aluminum.
Wie Fig. 6 zeigt, kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch bei aus mehr als zwei Werkstücken angewendet werden, wobei in dem dargestellten Beispiel zwei Werkstücke 1 und la auf einem Basiswerkstück 2 angeordnet sind und der Reibstempel beide Werkstücke 1, la vollständig durchdringt. In einer Abwandlung kann vorgesehen sein, zwei gegeneinander arbeitende Reibstempel beidseitig des Werkstückverbundes einzusetzen, die in Richtung zueinander vorgeschoben werden. Dadurch würde sich eine Vorrichtung zum Abstützen der Werkstücke bzw. zum Auffangen der eingeleiteten Kraft erübrigen.As shown in FIG. 6, the method according to the invention can also be used with more than two workpieces, two workpieces 1 and 1 a being arranged on a base work piece 2 in the example shown and the reaming punch completely penetrating both work pieces 1, 1 a. In a modification, it can be provided that two mutually working friction punches are used on both sides of the workpiece assembly, which are pushed in the direction of one another. This would make a device for supporting the workpieces or for absorbing the force introduced unnecessary.
Eine nicht dargestellte Vorrichtung zum Ausführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist in den Ansprüchen 12 und 13 beschrieben. Da sich die durch die Rotation bzw. Relativbewegung des Reibelements gegenüber den Werkstücken entwickelte Wärme mit zunehmender Plastifizierung des Materials und damit einhergehendem Rückgang des Reibkoeffizienten verringert, ist es zweckmäßig, eine Drehzahlsteuerung des Reibstempels in Abhängigkeit von Vorschubweg bzw. -geschwindigkeit und/oder Anpreßdruck vorzusehen. Auf diese Weise kann eine optimale und reproduzierbare Materialtemperatur während des Verbindungsvorgangs erzielt werden, und außerdem kann die für die Herstellung einer Verbindung erforderliche Zeit minimiert werden.A device, not shown, for executing the method according to the invention is described in claims 12 and 13. Since the heat generated by the rotation or relative movement of the friction element relative to the workpieces decreases with increasing plasticization of the material and the associated decrease in the coefficient of friction, it is expedient to provide a speed control of the friction ram depending on the feed path or speed and / or contact pressure . In this way, an optimal and reproducible material temperature can be achieved during the connection process, and the time required to establish a connection can also be minimized.
Die in der vorangehenden Beschreibung, in der Zeichnung sowie in den Ansprüchen offenbarten Merkmale der Erfindung können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination für die Verwirklichung der Erfindung in ihren verschiedenen Ausführungs- formen wesentlich sein. The features of the invention disclosed in the preceding description, in the drawing and in the claims can both individually and in any combination may be essential for realizing the invention in its various embodiments.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Verfahren zum Verbinden eines plastifizierbaren Werkstücks mit einem anderen Werkstück, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß1. A method for connecting a plasticizable workpiece to another workpiece, characterized in that
(a) ein erstes Werkstück (1) gegen ein Basiswerkstück (2) angedrückt wird, wobei sich eine Fügezone (3) zwischen dem ersten Werkstück (1) und dem Basiswerkstück (2) befindet ,(a) a first workpiece (1) is pressed against a base workpiece (2), a joining zone (3) being located between the first workpiece (1) and the base workpiece (2),
(b) ein Reibelement (4) unter aktivierender Relativbewegung gegenüber den Werkstücken (1, 2) in Richtung auf die Fügezone (3) gegen das erste Werkstück (1) angedrückt wird,(b) a friction element (4) is pressed against the first workpiece (1) with an activating relative movement relative to the workpieces (1, 2) in the direction of the joining zone (3),
(c) das Reibelement (4) unter Bildung einer aktivierten, pla- stifizierten Prozeßzone durch das erste Werkstück hindurch bis zum Basiswerkstück vordringt und die Prozeßzone in den Bereich der Fügezone (3) bringt,(c) the friction element (4) penetrates through the first workpiece to the base workpiece, forming an activated, placed process zone, and brings the process zone into the region of the joining zone (3),
(d) das Reibelement zurückgezogen wird, wobei ein Reibschweißverbund der Werkstücke (1, 2) im Bereich der Füge- zone (3) erzeugt wird.(d) the friction element is withdrawn, a friction welded composite of the workpieces (1, 2) being produced in the region of the joining zone (3).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei oder mehr Werkstücke (1, la) übereinander auf einem Basiswerkstück (2) angeordnet sind, wobei das Reibelement (4) nacheinander alle Werkstücke (1, la) durchdringt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that two or more workpieces (1, la) are arranged one above the other on a base workpiece (2), the friction element (4) successively penetrating all workpieces (1, la).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Werkstück (1, la) ein Dünnblech ist.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first workpiece (1, la) is a thin sheet.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Basiswerkstück ein Dünnblech ist.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base workpiece is a thin sheet.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reibelement aus einem rotierenden Stempel besteht. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the friction element consists of a rotating stamp.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reibelement eine lineare, oszillierende Bewegung ausführt.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the friction element performs a linear, oscillating movement.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reibelement aus einem Material besteht, das einen höheren Schmelzpunkt als das Werkstück (1) aufweist .7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the friction element consists of a material which has a higher melting point than the workpiece (1).
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reibelement aus einem Material besteht, das härter ist als das Werkstück (1) .8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the friction element consists of a material which is harder than the workpiece (1).
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eines der Werkstücke (1, la, 2) aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung besteht.9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the workpieces (1, la, 2) consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, gekennzeichnet durch ein weiteres Reibelement, das von der dem ersten Reibelement gegenüberliegenden Seite her gegen die Werkstücke angedrückt wird.10. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized by a further friction element which is pressed against the workpieces from the side opposite the first friction element.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, gekennzeichnet durch zwei oder mehr Werkstücke beiderseits eines Basiswerkstücks (2) .11. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized by two or more workpieces on both sides of a base workpiece (2).
12. Reibelement zum Ausführen des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reibelement im wesentlichen zylindrisch ist und ein Schneidmittel zum Entfernen des Wulstes (5) aufweist.12. Friction element for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the friction element is substantially cylindrical and has a cutting means for removing the bead (5).
13. Vorrichtung zum Ausführen des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, mit einer Halteeinheit zum Halten wenigstens zweier Werkstücke, einer um eine Drehachse dreh- und antreibbaren, axial ver- schiebbaren Spanneinheit zum Einspannen eines Reibelementes, einer drehzahlregelbaren Antriebseinheit zum Antreiben der Spanneinheit, einer Verschiebeeinheit zum Bewegen der Spanneinheit längs der Drehachse und Andrücken des Reibelements mit einem Anpreßdruck .13. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 11, with a holding unit for holding at least two workpieces, one axially displaceable about an axis of rotation and drivable pushable clamping unit for clamping a friction element, a speed-adjustable drive unit for driving the clamping unit, a displacement unit for moving the clamping unit along the axis of rotation and pressing the friction element with a contact pressure.
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, gekennzeichnet durch Mittel zum Erfassen von Drehzahl, Verschiebung und/oder Anpreßdruck und eine Steuereinrichtung zum Steuern der Drehzahl des Reibelements in Abhängigkeit von den aufgenommenen Werten der erfaßten Verschiebung und/oder des Anpreßdrucks . 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized by means for detecting the speed, displacement and / or contact pressure and a control device for controlling the speed of the friction element as a function of the recorded values of the detected displacement and / or the contact pressure.
PCT/DE1997/001582 1996-07-26 1997-07-23 Process for joining a workpiece which can be plasticised to another workpiece WO1998004381A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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AU38469/97A AU3846997A (en) 1996-07-26 1997-07-23 Process for joining a workpiece which can be plasticised to another workpiece
EP97935488A EP0921893A1 (en) 1996-07-26 1997-07-23 Process for joining a workpiece which can be plasticised to another workpiece

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19630271A DE19630271C2 (en) 1996-07-26 1996-07-26 Method for connecting a plasticizable workpiece to another workpiece
DE19630271.4 1996-07-26

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DE19803392A1 (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-05 Daimlerchrysler Aerospace Ag Production of a soldered joint
EP1029627A1 (en) * 1999-02-18 2000-08-23 Showa Aluminum Corporation Friction agitation jointing method of metal workpieces
DE19917071A1 (en) * 1999-04-15 2000-10-19 Slv Muenchen Gmbh Friction welding, of e.g. hard metals, metals, ceramics, stone, glass or plastics, comprises pressing rotating convex and concave surfaces together to form a friction region adjacent a re-entrant region into which plastic material flows
WO2001036145A1 (en) 1999-11-18 2001-05-25 Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Device for joining by friction stir welding at least two workpieces that adjoin at least in the contact zone
WO2001036144A1 (en) * 1999-11-18 2001-05-25 Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Method and device for linking at least two adjoining work pieces by friction welding
EP1153694A2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-14 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Spot joining method and spot joining device
WO2003033198A1 (en) 2001-10-17 2003-04-24 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Frictional agitating connection device and robot with the device
WO2003092950A1 (en) * 2002-04-29 2003-11-13 The Boeing Company Joining of structural members by friction plug welding
EP1395384A2 (en) † 2001-02-02 2004-03-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Integrated piping plate, machining method for same, machining apparatus for same, and machining equipment for same
EP1563943A1 (en) * 2004-02-16 2005-08-17 Mazda Motor Corporation Structure in which overlapped plate members are spot joined by friction stir welding
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DE102006053800A1 (en) * 2006-11-15 2008-05-21 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Friction welding connection of two superimposed flat components
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DE19803392C2 (en) * 1998-01-29 2000-08-03 Daimlerchrysler Aerospace Ag Process for producing a solder connection, solder connection and their use
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WO2001036144A1 (en) * 1999-11-18 2001-05-25 Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Method and device for linking at least two adjoining work pieces by friction welding
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EP1153694A2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-14 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Spot joining method and spot joining device
EP1153694A3 (en) * 2000-05-08 2002-06-19 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Spot joining method and spot joining device
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EP1395384A2 (en) † 2001-02-02 2004-03-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Integrated piping plate, machining method for same, machining apparatus for same, and machining equipment for same
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US7665650B2 (en) 2001-07-30 2010-02-23 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir joining method
WO2003033198A1 (en) 2001-10-17 2003-04-24 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Frictional agitating connection device and robot with the device
US7575145B2 (en) 2001-10-17 2009-08-18 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir welding apparatus and robot employing the apparatus
CN100396422C (en) * 2002-04-29 2008-06-25 波音公司 Method for joining of structural members by friction plug welding
US6742697B2 (en) 2002-04-29 2004-06-01 The Boeing Company Joining of structural members by friction plug welding
WO2003092950A1 (en) * 2002-04-29 2003-11-13 The Boeing Company Joining of structural members by friction plug welding
CN100418692C (en) * 2004-02-16 2008-09-17 马自达汽车股份有限公司 Friction spot joint structure
US7562803B2 (en) 2004-02-16 2009-07-21 Mazda Motor Corporation Friction spot joint structure
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DE102006053800A1 (en) * 2006-11-15 2008-05-21 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Friction welding connection of two superimposed flat components

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19630271C2 (en) 2002-06-06
EP0921893A1 (en) 1999-06-16
AU3846997A (en) 1998-02-20
DE19630271A1 (en) 1998-04-23

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