WO1998035622A1 - Rod introducer forceps - Google Patents
Rod introducer forceps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998035622A1 WO1998035622A1 PCT/US1998/001936 US9801936W WO9835622A1 WO 1998035622 A1 WO1998035622 A1 WO 1998035622A1 US 9801936 W US9801936 W US 9801936W WO 9835622 A1 WO9835622 A1 WO 9835622A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- implant
- fulcrum
- gripping
- branch
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7074—Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling
- A61B17/7083—Tools for guidance or insertion of tethers, rod-to-anchor connectors, rod-to-rod connectors, or longitudinal elements
- A61B17/7086—Rod reducers, i.e. devices providing a mechanical advantage to allow a user to force a rod into or onto an anchor head other than by means of a rod-to-bone anchor locking element; rod removers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to devices for achieving spinal correction, in particular, mechanisms for urging a spinal rod into an implant adapted to receive a rod. While the present invention was developed for use in spinal surgery, it may have uses in other areas of medicine as well .
- implants may be vertically spaced from the rod or plate and require a mechanical mechanism to bring the rod or plate into contact with the implant.
- the implant is a double threaded bolt with a series of bone screw threads anchoring into the bone and a machine threaded post extending through an opening in the plate. A machine threaded nut slightly larger than the opening in the plate may then be threaded onto the threaded post and tightened to bring the implant closer to the plate.
- a similar arrangement can be utilized whereby the threaded post of the implant extends through a connector attached to the rod.
- a nut is used to draw the implant closer to the connector by progressively threading the nut onto the post of the bone bolt.
- a rod introducer mechanism that forces the rod and an implant towards each other.
- the implant either a bone screw or spinal hook, includes an open channel to receive the rod.
- a plug or set screw can be used to close the channel and lock the rod to the implant.
- a rod is anchored at both ends by at least one implant, resulting in the rod being suspended above a second implant.
- a mechanism is then required to urge the second implant and rod together to permit connection of the implant to the rod and more particularly to seat the rod within the open channel of the implant.
- One such instrument marketed by Sofamor Danek Group as part of the Compact CDTM system is an introducer lever C-6903 which resembles a fork with a pair of offset tines.
- the tines of this device extend over the vertically spaced rod and under either side of an enlarged portion of the implant. Once in place, the fork handle is moved toward the rod thereby forcing the rod and implant together.
- One problem with this arrangement is that the fork tines must pass between the implant and the bone, which in many cases may be difficult and may result in damage to the bone.
- the connection between the fork tines and the implant is not a secure engagement and may result in the rod introducer slipping during the procedure of forcing the rod into the implant.
- rod introduction devices have overcome the problems associated with the simple fork device by first achieving a secure attachment to the implant with articulated forceps or the like.
- Various instruments for gripping and handling implants are commonly known.
- One such instrument has a pair of articulating branches defining a gripping nose opposite a pair of handles. While many varieties of these forceps exist to accomplish various functions during surgery, some are adapted specifically to securely hold an implant, and in particular, a spinal osteosynthesis implant.
- the gripping nose of one such configuration utilizes a pair of inwardly facing cylindrical projections disposed at the distal end of the gripping nose. The cylindrical projections are adapted to engage corresponding recesses on an implant, thereby providing a secure grip.
- many forceps are often utilized in the manipulation and placement of the implants.
- many forceps also provide a locking mechanism to hold the forceps in the gripping position once the implant is gripped.
- a common example is the provision of one half of a ratchet rack on one articulating branch aligned to engage a second half of the ratchet rack on the other articulating branch. Upon movement of the branches towards one another, the separate halves of the ratchet rack come into engagement thereby preventing separation of the articulating branches.
- the articulating branches have sufficient flexibility that they may be flexed with respect to one another, thereby disengaging the ratchet racks .
- a separate apparatus is attached between the forceps and the rod.
- a threaded rod is threadedly coupled at one end to the forceps and the other end engages the rod. Rotation of the threaded rod urges the rod and implant towards each other.
- a mechanism marketed by Sofamor Danek Group as an articulated rod pusher C-6211 for use with the Compact CDTM system, forceps grip the implant and a pivoting two piece rod pusher lever is used to urge the rod and implant towards one another.
- a lower end of the first member of the rod pusher engages the rod and the upper end of the first member is pivotally attached to the second member of the rod pusher lever.
- the lower end of a second member engages the forceps while the upper end of the second member is rotated to force the rod and implant towards each other.
- the implant may move toward the rod, the rod may move or bend toward the implant, or both devices may move towards each other to accomplish the connection.
- the device which moves depends in large measure on the procedure being performed and the flexibility of the rod utilized.
- each of the prior art mechanisms requires both a device to securely grip the implant and a separate mechanism to apply force to the rod and thereby urge it into the implant.
- the present invention overcomes the problems associated with the prior art by providing a gripping mechanism and a rod introduction lever in a single convenient instrument.
- One form of the present invention contemplates a rod introduction forceps for urging a rod into an implant adapted to receive the rod, comprising a first branch having a first terminal end, a second branch articulated with the first branch, the second branch having a second terminal end, the first and second terminal ends defining a gripping nose, the gripping nose adapted to pivotally engage the implant, and the first and second branch defining a fulcrum for engaging the rod adjacent the gripping nose, whereby pivoting of the first and second branches about the gripping nose toward the rod causes the fulcrum to urge the rod toward the implant.
- a rod introduction device for urging a rod into an implant adapted to receive the rod, comprising a device for pivotally attaching to the implant, a fulcrum adapted to engage the rod attached to the device for pivotally attaching, and a lever attached to the fulcrum, whereby movement of the lever about the device for pivotally attaching to the implant forces the fulcrum into contact with the rod and thereby urges the rod into the implant.
- Still another form of the present invention contemplates a rod introduction device for urging a rod into an implant adapted to receive the rod, the device comprising a lever having a first end and a second end, a bifurcated gripping nose connected to the first end, the nose adapted to pivotally attach to the implant, and a fulcrum positioned along the lever between the first end and the second end, the fulcrum adapted to engage the rod.
- the invention includes a method for urging a rod into an implant, comprising the steps of providing a lever having a fulcrum and an implant gripping nose defining a passage for a rod and adapted to pivotally engage the implant, attaching an implant to a body part, placing a rod adjacent the implant, positioning the rod in the passage in the implant gripping nose, gripping the implant with the gripping nose, rotating the lever about the pivotal engagement at the implant and toward the rod, thereby urging the fulcrum against the rod and the rod into the implant, securing the rod in the implant, and removing the lever.
- An object of the present invention is to provide forceps that pivotally grip an implant and provide a fulcrum for urging a rod into an implant.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide rod introduction forceps with a rod bearing surface that allows controlled introduction of the rod into an implant.
- An additional object of the present invention is to provide a lever and fulcrum combination that can be pivotally and securely engaged with an implant. The lever and fulcrum combination being operable to urge a rod into an implant.
- Still a further object of the invention is to provide a lever and fulcrum combination that upon rotation provides both lateral approximation of an laterally offset rod and vertical approximation of a vertical offset rod.
- Fig. 1 is a top plan view of an embodiment of the rod introducer forceps of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a side view of the rod introducer forceps of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along section lines 3-3 of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 4 is a partial perspective view of the gripping nose of the rod introduction forceps of Fig. 1 gripping a spinal implant shown in a rear plan view.
- Fig. 5 is a right-side plan view of the gripping nose of the rod introduction forceps of Fig. 2.
- Fig. 6 is a partial cross-section view of the rod introduction forceps of Fig. 1 showing the ratchet mechanism.
- Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the rod introduction forceps gripping nose of Fig. 1 attached to a spinal implant with the rod positioned above the spinal implant.
- Fig. 8 is the same as Fig. 7 except that the rod has been urged into the spinal implant.
- Fig. 9 is a top plan view of an alternative embodiment of the present invention having an angled gripping nose for providing lateral approximation.
- Fig. 10 is a side view of the alternative rod introduction forceps of Fig. 10. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
- a rod introduction forceps 1 includes a first branch 2 articulated with a second branch 3 about transverse pin 4.
- Branches 2 and 3 are provided with handles 5 and 6, respectively, to control the articulating movement of the branches with respect to each other.
- Branch 2 includes a ratchet rack 41 having multiple teeth 42.
- branch 3 has an opposing ratchet rack 39 having a plurality of ratchet teeth 40.
- ratchet teeth 40 and 42 interengage to prevent spreading of branches 2 and 3 after the user releases handles 5 and 6.
- Branches 2 and 3 have sufficient flexibility that when it is desired to release ratchet mechanism 7, the branches may be moved in the directions of arrows 44 and 46 (Fig. 6) respectively, thereby disengaging ratchet teeth 40 and 42 and permitting articulating branches 2 and 3 to be moved apart. It is understood that other locking mechanisms are within the contemplation of the present invention provided they provide the desired characteristics .
- bifurcated gripping nose 8 is defined by each end of branches 2 and 3 opposite handles 5 and 6 and is offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the articulating branches.
- Offset gripping nose 8 is comprised of a first gripping nose extension 10 connected at its base to branch 3 and having an inwardly facing cylindrical projection 12 disposed adjacent its distal tip.
- the other half of offset gripping nose 8 is comprised of gripping nose extension 11 connected at its base to branch 2 and having a complimentary inwardly facing cylindrical projection 14 disposed a jacent its distal tip and aligned with cylindrical projection 12.
- Cylindrical projections 12 and 14 are provided to pivotally engage corresponding recesses in an implant. While the projections are shown as cylindrical projections it is contemplated that they could take any form, provided they securely engage the implant. Alternatively, it is within the contemplation of the present invention that the implant could be provided with projections to be received in corresponding indentations in the gripping nose.
- rod introduction forceps 1 further includes a left fulcrum extension 16 and a right fulcrum extension 17 provided at the base of gripping nose extensions 10 and 11, respectively. Between fulcrum extensions 16 and 17, and transverse pin 4 is an open area 26 with no contact between the articulating branches. Left and right fulcrum extensions 16 and 17 each define a portion of recessed area 15. As explained further herein, recessed area 15 is configured to engage a spinal rod to be inserted in a spinal implant. Gripping nose extensions 11 and 10 extend a sufficient distance from branches 2 and 3 respectively, to grip an implant and provide clearance between the implant and fulcrum extensions 16 and 17 to permit passage of a rod which is elevated with respect to the implant (see Figs. 4 and 7).
- fulcrum extension 16 includes a contact surface 22 which contacts a corresponding surface on fulcrum extension 17, thereby prohibiting further movement of gripping nose extensions 10 and 11 toward one another.
- the contact surfaces are calibrated to contact when the projections 12 and 14 are fully seated within the implant recesses.
- rod bearing surface 20 cooperates with rod bearing surface 21 on fulcrum extension 17 to define rod opening 15, a channel for pivotal engagement of the rod when urging the rod into the implant.
- rod bearing surface 20 has a convex curvature such that as rod introduction forceps 1 rotate about cylindrical projections 12 and 14, a line of contact 70 with rod 23 (Fig. 7) moves along rod bearing surfaces 20 and 21.
- rod bearing surfaces 20 and 21 also define a concave curvature extending transverse to the line of contact 70.
- the concave curvature of rod bearing surfaces 20 and 21 are adapted to engage or seat rod 23 and limit lateral movement of the rod.
- a spinal hook 24 suitable for implantation in a human spine is illustrated having attachment recesses 32 and 34 shown in dashed lines.
- Spinal hook 24 further includes a rod channel 25 adapted to receive spinal rod 23.
- Spinal hook 24 is shown for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, it being contemplated and intended that the introduction forceps of the present invention may be utilized with various types of implants, including but not limited to screws and hooks implanted in the spine.
- Figs. 7 and 8 showing a portion of rod introduction forceps 1 engaged with spinal hook 24 and rod 23 suspended above spinal hook 24. It is understood, but not illustrated, that often rod 23 is held at either end by additional implants which prevent the rod from easily reaching the bottom of implant 24. Thus, a device is required to force the rod to the bottom 28 of the rod channel 25.
- articulating branches 2 and 3 are urged toward one another, thus urging gripping nose extensions 10 and 11 towards one another to thereby lodge cylindrical extensions 12 and 14 into corresponding recesses 32 and 34 in spinal hook 24 (Fig. 4).
- Ratchet mechanism 7 maintains articulating branches 2 and 3 in a closed gripping position such that cylindrical projections 12 and 14 are maintained in recesses 32 and 34, respectively.
- Branches 2 and 3 of the rod introduction forceps operate as a lever to apply downward force to the fulcrum. Further rotation of rod introduction forceps 1 in the direction of arrow 36 urges rod 23 into rod channel 25 until rod 23 reaches the bottom 28 of the channel. As shown in Figs. 7 and 8, contact point 70 between rod 23 and bearing surfaces 20 and 21 moves along bearing surfaces 20 and 21 as the rod introduction forceps 1 are rotated in the direction of arrow 36.
- a fastening device such as a threaded plug, may be inserted into rod channel 25 to securely hold the rod in position.
- articulating branches 2 and 3 may be moved in the directions of arrows 44 and 46 (Fig. 6) to disengage ratchet mechanism 7. Articulating branches 2 and 3 are then separated, thereby releasing gripping nose 8 from implant 24.
- Fig. 9 shows rod introduction forceps 50 having articulating branches 2 and 3 with handles 5 and 6, respectively.
- a ratchet mechanism 7 is disposed between articulating branches 2 and 3.
- the distal end of articulating branches 2 and 3 is formed into laterally angled, offset gripping nose 51.
- Gripping nose extensions 53 and 54 laterally angle away from the longitudinal axis of rod introduction forceps 50 and terminate in inwardly facing cylindrical projections 55 and 56, respectively.
- Angled gripping nose extensions 53 and 54 permit the implant to be gripped with a laterally offset rod positioned between the articulating branches.
- fulcrum extensions 60 and 61 At the base of angled gripping extensions 53 and 54, is provided fulcrum extensions 60 and 61, respectively. Between gripping extension 54 and fulcrum extension 61 is lateral bearing surface 69.
- rod introduction forceps 50 have the rod bearing surface 57 entirely in fulcrum extension 60 so that it will be laterally aligned with the opening in the implant when.
- rod introduction forceps are shown as the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that it is contemplated that the invention could be utilized with any type of forceps mechanism. Additionally, while a forceps mechanism has been disclosed and discussed, it is also contemplated that the implant could be configured, such as by providing a keyway, to pivotally engage a non-articulating gripping nose. Thus, articulating branches would not be required.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98904828A EP0961585A1 (en) | 1997-02-12 | 1998-02-03 | Rod introducer forceps |
AU62613/98A AU6261398A (en) | 1997-02-12 | 1998-02-03 | Rod introducer forceps |
JP53578198A JP2001511678A (en) | 1997-02-12 | 1998-02-03 | Rod introduction forceps |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/798,091 | 1997-02-12 | ||
US08/798,091 US5810878A (en) | 1997-02-12 | 1997-02-12 | Rod introducer forceps |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998035622A1 true WO1998035622A1 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
Family
ID=25172531
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/001936 WO1998035622A1 (en) | 1997-02-12 | 1998-02-03 | Rod introducer forceps |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5810878A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0961585A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001511678A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6261398A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998035622A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0961585A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
US5810878A (en) | 1998-09-22 |
US6036692A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
AU6261398A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
JP2001511678A (en) | 2001-08-14 |
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