WO1998038907B1 - Instrument for optically scanning of living tissue - Google Patents

Instrument for optically scanning of living tissue

Info

Publication number
WO1998038907B1
WO1998038907B1 PCT/US1998/004364 US9804364W WO9838907B1 WO 1998038907 B1 WO1998038907 B1 WO 1998038907B1 US 9804364 W US9804364 W US 9804364W WO 9838907 B1 WO9838907 B1 WO 9838907B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample
light
housing
detector
optical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/004364
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1998038907A1 (en
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to EP98915128A priority Critical patent/EP0971626A1/en
Priority to JP53882698A priority patent/JP2001515382A/en
Publication of WO1998038907A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998038907A1/en
Publication of WO1998038907B1 publication Critical patent/WO1998038907B1/en

Links

Abstract

An imaging system includes forward directed optical coherence tomography (OCT), and non-retroreflected forward scanning OCT, and also interferometric imaging and ranging techniques and fluorescent, Raman, two-photon, and diffuse wave imaging can be used. The forward scanning mechanisms include a cam (70) attached to a motor (61), pneumatic devices (96), a pivoting device (90, 94), piezoelectric transducers (74), electrostatic driven slides (108) for substantially transverse scanning; counter-rotating prisms (144), and offset lenses (62) are used for arbitrary scanning. The imaging system of the invention is applied to hand held probes including probes integrated with surgical probes, scalpels, scissors, forceps and biopsy instruments. Hand held probes include forward scanning lasers. The imaging system is also applicable to laparoscopes and endoscopes for diagnostic and therapeutic intervention in body orifices, canals, tubes, ducts, vessels and cavities of the body.

Claims

79
AMENDED CLAIMS
[received by the International Bureau on 11 September 1998 (11.09.98); original claims 1-35 replaced by new claims 36-59 (9 pages)] 36. An optical imaging system comprising: a light source; a sample illuminator in communication with said light source and positioned to illuminate a sample; a probe having a housing, said housing having a longitudinal axis, a first end and a second end, said sample illuminator at least partially located within said housing; a scanning mechanism at least partially positioned in said probe housing, said scanning mechanism causing a beam of light emitted from said sample illuminator to scan said sample; a reference arm; a beam splitter positioned to direct light from said light source to both said sample illuminator and said reference arm; a sample light collector disposed apart from said illuminator and positioned to collect light altered by said sample; a beam combiner positioned to direct light from said sample light collector and said reference arm to said detector, said detector generating a signal in response to said combined light; a detector generating a signal in response to incident light; and a processor in electrical communication with said detector, said processor producing an image in response to said signal from said detector.
37. An optical imaging system comprising: a light source; a sample illuminator in communication with said light source and positioned to illuminate a sample; a probe having a housing, said housing having a longitudinal axis, a first end and a second end, said sample illuminator at least partially located within said housing; a scanning mechanism at least partially positioned in said probe housing and comprising a scanning device selected from the group consisting of a rotating elliptical knob, a wire- controlled pivot, a pneumatic device, a rigid tube under tension or an electrostatic device, wherein said device is in communication with an optical element, said optical element selected 80
from a group consisting of a lens, a fiber, said lens and fiber, and a beam deflection element such that actuation of the device causes a beam of light emitted from said sample illuminator to scan said sample; a reference arm; a beam splitter positioned to direct light from said light source to both said sample illuminator and said reference arm; a sample light collector positioned to collect light altered by said sample; a beam combiner positioned to direct light from said sample light collector and said reference arm to said detector, said detector generating a signal in response to said combined light; a detector generating a signal in response to incident light; and a processor in electrical communication with said detector, said processor producing an image in response to said signal from said detector.
38. The optical system of claim 37 wherein said scanning mechanism comprises: a position sensitive roller located adjacent to said outer surface of said housing and permitting said housing to move at a substantially fixed distance along a surface in communication with said position sensitive roller.
39. An optical probe module comprising: a housing having a longitudinal axis; two rotatable optical elements; at least one lens; at least one optical fiber with one end in close proximity to said lens and the other end coupled to a light source, wherein at least one optical element can be rotated independently resulting in an arbitrary scanning of light emitted from said probe module.
40. An optical imaging system comprising: a light source; a sample illuminator in communication with said light source and positioned to illuminate a sample; 81
a probe having a housing, said housing having a longitudinal axis, a first end and a second end, said sample illuminator at least partially located within said housing; a scanning mechanism at least partially positioned in said probe housing and comprising at least one lens and an electro-optic beam deflector, said scanning mechanism causing a beam of light emitted from said sample illuminator to scan said sample; a reference arm; a beam splitter positioned to direct light from said light source to both said sample illuminator and said reference arm; a sample light collector positioned to collect light altered by said sample; a beam combiner positioned to direct light from said sample light collector and said reference arm to said detector, said detector generating a signal in response to said combined light; a detector generating a signal in response to incident light; and a processor in electrical communication with said detector, said processor producing an image in response to said signal from said detector.
41. An optical imaging system comprising: a light source; a sample illuminator in communication with said light source and positioned to illuminate a sample; a probe having a housing, said housing having a longitudinal axis, a first end and a second end, said sample illuminator at least partially located within said housing; a scanning mechanism at least partially positioned in said probe housing and comprising a mirror movable in at least one axis, said scanning mechanism causing a beam of light emitted from said sample illuminator to scan said sample; a reference arm; a beam splitter positioned to direct light from said light source to both said sample illuminator and said reference arm; a sample light collector positioned to collect light altered by said sample; a beam combiner positioned to direct light from said sample light collector and said reference arm to said detector, said detector generating a signal in response to said combined light; 82
a detector generating a signal in response to incident light; and a processor in electrical communication with said detector, said processor producing an image in response to said signal from said detector.
42. An OCT imaging system for imaging a sample comprising: an interferometer; a short coherence length light source; a probe module for delivering light to said sample and collecting light altered by said sample; and a processor; wherein said interferometer contains a reference arm whose optical path length is adjustable, said probe module contains a lens whose relative distance to the sample is adjustable, and said processor adjusts one or both of said interferometer reference arm and said relative distance between said lens and said sample so as to perform focus tracking.
43. An optical imaging system comprising: a light source; a sample illuminator in communication with said light source and positioned to illuminate a sample; a probe having a housing, said housing having a longitudinal axis, a first end and a second end, said sample illuminator at least partially located within said housing and being attached to a surgical instrument having an operating tip; a scanning mechanism at least partially positioned in said probe housing and comprising a scanning device selected from the group consisting of a rotating elliptical knob, a piezoelectric transducer, a wire-controlled pivot, a pneumatic device, a rigid tube under tension or an electrostatic device, wherein said device is in communication with an optical element, said optical element selected from a group consisting of a lens, a fiber, said lens and fiber, and a beam deflection element such that actuation of the device causes a beam of light emitted from said sample illuminator to scan said sample; a reference arm; a beam splitter positioned to direct light from said light source to both said sample illuminator and said reference arm; 83
a sample light collector positioned to collect light altered by said sample; a beam combiner positioned to direct light from said sample light collector and said reference arm to said detector, said detector generating a signal in response to said combined light; a detector generating a signal in response to incident light; and a processor in electrical communication with said detector, said processor producing an image of the region of said operating tip scanned by light emitted from said probe in response to said signal from said detector.
44. An optical imaging system comprising: a light source; a sample illuminator in communication with said light source and positioned to illuminate a sample; a probe having a housing, said housing having a longitudinal axis, a first end and a second end, said sample illuminator at least partially located within said housing; a scanning mechanism at least partially positioned in said probe housing and comprising a scanning device selected from the group consisting of a rotating elliptical knob, a piezoelectric transducer, a wire-controlled pivot, a pneumatic device, a rigid tube under tension or an electrostatic device, wherein said device is in communication with an optical element, said optical element selected from a group consisting of a lens, a fiber, said lens and fiber, and a beam deflection element such that actuation of the device causes a beam of light emitted from said sample illuminator to scan said sample; a surgical laser fiber located within said probe housing; a reference arm; a beam splitter positioned to direct light from said light source to both said sample illuminator and said reference arm; a sample light collector positioned to collect light altered by said sample; a beam combiner positioned to direct light from said sample light collector and said reference arm to said detector, said detector generating a signal in response to said combined light; a detector generating a signal in response to incident light; and a processor in electrical communication with said detector, said processor producing an image of the region to be illuminated by said surgical laser in response to said signal from said detector.
45. An optical imaging system comprising: a light source; a sample illuminator in communication with said light source and positioned to illuminate a sample, said sample illuminator comprising: an illumination optical fiber having a first end and a second end, said first end located within said bore and said second end in optical communication with said light source; an optical train having a first and second end and located within said bore; a beam splitter positioned adjacent said second end of said optical train; one or more viewing optical components positioned to receive light passing through said beam splitter from said optical train; and scanning optics positioned to receive light reflected by said beam splitter from said optical train; a probe having a housing comprising a laparoscope defining a bore, said sample illuminator at least partially located within said housing; a scanning mechanism at least partially positioned in said probe housing, said scanning mechanism causing a beam of light emitted from said sample illuminator to scan said sample; a reference arm; a sample light collector positioned to collect light altered by said sample; a beam combiner positioned to direct light from said sample light collector and said reference arm to said detector, said detector generating a signal in response to said combined light; a detector generating a signal in response to incident light; and a processor in electrical communication with said detector, said processor producing an image in response to said signal from said detector.
46. The laparoscope of claim 45 further comprising a surgical laser source in optical communication with said optical train, 85
wherein said processor produces an image of the region to be illuminated by said surgical laser.
47. An imaging system for imaging a sample comprising a microscope, said microscope delivers light to a sample and collects light altered by said sample, said microscope comprising: a probe housing having a longitudinal axis, said sample illuminator located within said housing, a first end and a second end, and a lens positioned at first end of said housing; and a scanning mechanism positioned in said probe housing wherein said sample illuminator comprises an optical fiber having a first and a second end, said first end of said optical fiber located within said housing in close juxtaposition to said lens and wherein said scanning mechanism in communication with said lens causes a beam of light emitted from said sample illuminator to move with respect to the longitudinal axis of the housing by motion of an optical element selected from a group consisting of said lens, said fiber, said lens and fiber, and a beam deflection element in close juxtaposition to said lens, wherein the scanning mechanism scans an OCT light source on said sample, said sample's visible image is viewable and said OCT image is viewable.
48. The microscope system of claim 47 wherein said microscope comprises a housing and said scanning mechanism is removably attached to said housing.
49. The microscope system of claim 47 wherein the scanning mechanism is driven by a piezoelectric transducer cantilever.
50. A probe module comprising: a rotatable torque cable having a first end located within a housing; a pivot within said housing in communication with said torque cable; and a lens in communication with said pivot, wherein rotation of said torque cable causes said lens to pivot in angle back and forth producing a scanning pattern. 86
51. An OCT optical system comprising: a housing defining a bore having an axis and a sample light collector, said light collector comprising: a plurality of optical fibers having a first end and a second end, said plurality of optical fibers positioned within said housing; and a scanning mechanism positioned to sequentially scan said first end of said optical fibers, wherein said optical fibers have low fiber-to-fiber cross-talk.
52. A minimally invasive surgical instrument comprising: a surgical cutting device contained within and extending from a housing; and an OCT imaging system positioned to view a region adjacent the surgical cutting device extending from said housing.
53. The optical system of claim 52 wherein the surgical cutting device comprises cutting blades defining a region therebetween, wherein said housing is positioned such that said OCT system produces an image of said region.
54. The surgical device of claim 52 wherein said surgical cutting device comprises a punch biopsy device wherein said housing is positioned on said punch biopsy device so as to permit the lens to produce a subsurface image of a sample to be biopsied.
55. A surgical cutting device providing a cutting action by mechanical motion; said cutting device used in conjunction with an OCT imaging system containing a light source and a mechanical scanning mechanism to scan light in area of surgical intervention; wherein said mechanical OCT scanning mechanism is mechanically linked to said mechanical cutting device mechanical motion.
56. A minimally invasive surgical device comprising: a housing having a longitudinal axis, a wall and a first end, said housing defining a bore and said wall defining an opening into said bore; a cutting device in communication with a rotatable shaft, said cutting device located within and extending from said housing through said opening into said bore, said rotatable shaft 87
having a wall, a longitudinal axis and a first end, said shaft defining a shaft bore and said wall defining an opening into said shaft bore; an illuminating optical fiber located within said rotatable shaft and positioned to project light through said opening in said shaft wall and through said opening in said housing wall; and an imaging optical fiber located within said housing and positioned to view an image through said opening in said housing wall.
57. A minimally invasive surgical device comprising: An OCT imaging system containing a single-mode optical fiber housed within a probe module; said probe module having a longitudinal axis, a wall defining a bore, said bore containing a rotatable shaft, said shaft in communication with a cutting device; said cutting device having a transparent support structure having a forward surface; and a grinding material positioned on said forward surface so that said OCT imaging system can image through said transparent cutting device.
58. A method of obtaining information from a living organism, comprising the steps of: implanting an OCT imaging probe within said living organism; and removably attaching said OCT imaging probe to an OCT imaging system.
59. An OCT imaging system comprising: a plurality of single-mode fibers; and a fiber optic switch in communication with said plurality of single-mode fibers, wherein said single-mode fibers are scanned by said fiber optic switch so as to produce an OCT image.
PCT/US1998/004364 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 Instrument for optically scanning of living tissue WO1998038907A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98915128A EP0971626A1 (en) 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 Instrument for optically scanning of living tissue
JP53882698A JP2001515382A (en) 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 Equipment for optical scanning of living tissue

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3804797P 1997-03-06 1997-03-06
US5416397P 1997-07-29 1997-07-29
US60/054,163 1997-07-29
US60/038,047 1997-07-29

Publications (2)

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WO1998038907A1 WO1998038907A1 (en) 1998-09-11
WO1998038907B1 true WO1998038907B1 (en) 1998-11-05

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