WO1998050521A1 - Automated home beer brewing machine and method - Google Patents
Automated home beer brewing machine and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998050521A1 WO1998050521A1 PCT/US1998/009282 US9809282W WO9850521A1 WO 1998050521 A1 WO1998050521 A1 WO 1998050521A1 US 9809282 W US9809282 W US 9809282W WO 9850521 A1 WO9850521 A1 WO 9850521A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wort
- ingredients
- beer
- brew pot
- temperature
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C13/00—Brewing devices, not covered by a single group of C12C1/00 - C12C12/04
- C12C13/10—Home brew equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/009—Sorting of fruit
Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods and apparatus for brewing beer at home. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for automated home brewing of beer, which requires much less labor and time than conventional home brewing, and which also frees the home brewer of much of the folk-art traditionally attached to home brewing.
- Beer, ale, and other fermented malted grain alcoholic beverages generally consist of four ingredients: water; fermentable sugars (usually derived from malt or malt extracts); hops for flavor, bitterness, and aroma; and yeast (both for flavor and for the fermentation used first to produce alcoholic content, and which is then used also to provide carbonation in bottle- conditioned beer).
- fermentable sugars usually derived from malt or malt extracts
- hops for flavor, bitterness, and aroma
- yeast both for flavor and for the fermentation used first to produce alcoholic content, and which is then used also to provide carbonation in bottle- conditioned beer.
- yeast both for flavor and for the fermentation used first to produce alcoholic content, and which is then used also to provide carbonation in bottle- conditioned beer.
- the term "beer” is used inclusively to encompass all of these beverages.
- part of the sugars and carbohydrates consumed by the yeast in the fermentation process are acquired by steeping grain in hot water.
- the traditional home brewer may use a wort pot, and bucket fermenter with a gasketed lid and a fitting for a water-filled fermentation lock. Also used in the process are a bottling bucket, bottling siphon, hydrometer, wort chiller, bucket brush, and sanitizing chemicals so that all the apparatus can be sanitized before use. A starter of a good live brewer's yeast is also necessary. Careful sanitizing and particular procedures carried out in a particular order are generally necessary in order to make good beer, and to prevent spoiled beer.
- wort is the weak solution of sugars and organic ingredients from grains, malt, and hops which will become beer after a first fermentation at ambient pressure to produce alcohol, and a second fermentation in a pressure vessel [i.e., in a beer bottle] to provided carbonation).
- wort is both a fermentation medium, and also provides a fertile culture medium for undesirable microbes from the environment.
- the wort is made, for example, by putting five gallons of water into a stock pot, adding malt or malt extract to the water, crushing grain, placing the grain in a fabric bag (a muslin bag, for example), and adding this bagged grain to the hot water, heating the water and grain bag toward but short of a boil, holding the water at about 160°F to steep the grains for a period of time, increasing the heat and removing the grain bag before the water boils, and then bringing the water to a boil. After the water reaches a boil a liquid malt extract is added and stirred into the mixture.
- a fabric bag a muslin bag, for example
- Spray-dried malt extract may also be added. Again the wort is brought to a full boil, a first addition of hops (bittering hops) is carried out, and the wort is held at a boil for 60 minutes, with care being exercised to not boil the pot over. Next, a second addition of hops (flavoring hops) are added. In the last 5 minutes of this boil, Irish moss may be added to clarify the wort. The last addition of hops (aroma hops) are added and heating of the wort is stopped. A wort chiller or ice packing of the stock pot is used to cool the wort as quickly as possible to about 90°F or less.
- the yeast is added to the bucket fermenter.
- Various strains of yeast are used to modify the flavor of the beer. This yeast is added to the bottom of a fermenting bucket, and the wort is poured carefully from the stock pot into the bucket fermenter using care to maintain the pre-sanitized condition of the vessels. The temperature of the yeast and wort should not to differ by more than 15°F, in order to avoid shocking or killing the yeast.
- the fermenter is capped, and water is added to the fermentation lock to allow carbon dioxide produced by fermentation to escape, while preventing the introduction of ambient air and microbes.
- the total time requirement for the home brewer to this stage of the process is from a minimum of about 2 hours and 40 minutes to as much as 8 hours of time.
- the bucket fermenter is opened and the hydrometer is used to check for an appropriately low sugar level and desired level of alcohol.
- priming sugar is added to a bottling bucket, and the wort is poured into this bottling bucket without allowing aeration. Care is taken to see that the treppe (i.e., the residue and fermentation by-products in the bottom of the fermentation bucket) does not pour from the fermentation bucket into the bottling bucket.
- the wort and sugar are carefully stirred, and the bottling syphon is started.
- the sugar-primed wort is transferred to bottles, filling them from the bottom to the top - again to prevent aeration.
- Some bottling buckets have a spout to which a filling tube is connected, so this arrangement avoids the need to start a siphon.
- the wort is transferred in this case from the bottling bucket to the bottles by gravity.
- the bottles are capped and aged. After five weeks or so, if everything was done properly, the home brewer hopes to have good tasty home-brewed beer. However, failures do occur.
- a primary object for this invention is to avoid one or more of these deficiencies.
- an object for this invention is to provide a home brewing method and apparatus which does not require the user to sanitize of sterilize the apparatus.
- Another object for this invention is to provide a home brewing method and apparatus which requires considerably less labor than traditional home brewing.
- Yet another object for this invention is to provide a home beer brewing method and apparatus allowing the user to produce differing brews by the selection of ingredients, and then to achieve the actual brewing by semi-automation of the process without the need for the user to personally carry out many of the process steps.
- Still another object for this invention is to provide a home brewing method and apparatus that achieves the traditional process in a much less rigorous fashion for the user, while still allowing partial mashing (i.e., hot-wort grain steeping), addition of bittering hops, and of finishing hops, which uses traditional warm- working live yeasts, and ferments at ambient pressures.
- partial mashing i.e., hot-wort grain steeping
- bittering hops i.e., hot-wort grain steeping
- finishing hops which uses traditional warm- working live yeasts, and ferments at ambient pressures.
- the present invention provides a method of home-brewing beer, the method comprising steps of: making a wort of water, malt, and hops in a container; heating the wort to a temperature in the range from at least about 140°F to 150°F to as much as about 205 °F for an interval without ever boiling the wort; adding yeast; and fermenting the wort.
- the present invention provides a low-temperature, simplified, single-vessel method of home-brewing beer, the method comprising steps of: making a wort of water, malt, and hops in a container having a cover; heating the wort in the container to a temperature of at least about 140° to 150°F to as much as about 205°F for an interval without ever boiling the wort; adding yeast after the wort cools to a temperature of about 90°F or cooler, and fermenting the wort for an interval in the container to produce alcohol while both protecting the wort from ambient microbes and allowing escape of fermentation gas by using a labyrinth seal between the container and the cover without using a fermentation lock.
- Still another aspect of the present invention provides an automated machine for home- brewing beer, the machine comprising: a housing having a heater, a stirrer, and an ingredients dispenser; a removable brew pot receivable into cooperation with the housing in heat transfer relation with the heater for heating beer wort in the brew pot; a lid for covering the brew pot, the lid defining an aperture through which ingredients may be dispensed into the brew pot; the stirrer extending into the brew pot, and the housing having first power drive means in driving relation with the stirrer when the brew pot is in cooperation with the housing; the ingredients dispenser including plural ingredients containers, and second power drive means for driving the ingredients dispensing mechanism for dispensing ingredients from the ingredients containers into the brew pot; a programmable controller for controlling the heater, the first power drive means, and the second power drive means.
- Advantages of the present invention derive from its combination, of simplicity of use, a low requirement for time and labor by the user, freedom from the need to sanitize the apparatus, use of a single brewing vessel, utilization of temperatures always below boiling, and reliable beer brewing results.
- Figure 1 provides a perspective view of a machine embodying the present invention for automated home brewing of beer
- Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view similar to Figure 1 with a brew pot of the machine moved out of its recess in the housing, with a cover over an ingredient dispensing apparatus of the housing shown in its open position;
- Figure 3 is a fragmentary exploded perspective view of the beer making machine seen in Figures 1 and 2, and is shown with parts of the housing of the machine removed or broken away for improved clarity of illustration;
- Figure 4 provides a fragmentary depiction of a portion of the mechanism of the beer making machine, with operative parts in a particular operative position;
- Figure 5 shows the portion of the mechanism seen in Figure 4, with the operative parts in alternative operative positions
- Figure 6 shows a portion of the mechanism similar to that of Figures 4 and 5, but showing ingredient dispensing carried out during the beer brewing process
- Figures 7a-7e provide fragmentary sequential views showing dispensing of an ingredient from a cup of the machine
- Figure 8 provides a view similar to those seen in Figures 7, but with a protective portion of the machine preventing entry of ambient dust and microbes into the beer wort;
- Figures 10 and 11 provide perspective views of opposite sides of a lid used as part of the machine, with Figure 10 providing an exploded assembly view;
- Figure 11 is a fragmentary cross sectional view showing a brew pot, and lid in cooperation with the remainder of the beer brewing machine;
- Figure 12 shows an enlarged detail view of a control panel of the machine;
- Figure 13 provides a schematic representation of an architecture for a microprocessor- based control system for the beer brewing machine
- Figures 14a through 14d provide flow charts of programming used to effect operations of the beer making machine;
- Figure 15 provides a perspective view of an alternative brew pot for use with the present machine and brewing process;
- Figure 15a provides an enlarged cross sectional perspective view of a portion of the alternative brew pot seen in Figure 15.
- an automated machine 10 for use in home- brewing of beer is illustrated.
- the machine 10 includes a housing 12 providing a recess 14 into which a brew pot 16 with lid 18 is received.
- the brew pot 16 includes a spigot 16a.
- the recess 14 is defined between a hot-plate type of heater 20, having a heating surface 20a upon which the brew pot 16 sits, and an overhanging upper housing portion 22 having a control panel 24 and a hinged cover 26.
- the cover 26 may be hinged open to reveal a removable ingredients- dispensing turn table assembly 28 in a cavity 28a, the turn table assembly having in this case four ingredient cups 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d (the "a,b,c,d" subscript indicating the order in which ingredients are dispensed from the cups 30, which is more fully explained below and illustrated in subsequent drawing Figures).
- the four ingredients cups 30 of the present embodiment are not limiting of the invention, and a smaller or larger number of ingredients cups can be provided to allow the machine to make various recipes of beer.
- a vertically extending intermediate portion 32 of the housing 12 carries a temperature sensor probe 34 which contacts the outer side surface 16a of brew pot 16 when this pot is seated upon heater surface 20a.
- the housing 12 includes a slightly elevated rim portion 12a circumscribing the heating surface 20a outwardly of the recess 14 and around the position of the pot 16 seen in Figure 1 so that when the brew pot 16 is placed upon the heater 20 it nests into place and securely contacts the sensor probe 34.
- the lid 18 for the brew pot 16 carries an apertured seal assembly 36 which sealingly cooperates with the upper portion 22 of the housing 12, as will be further explained.
- This lid also carries a rotational stirrer 38 having a lower portion 38a seen in Figure 2, a shaft portion 38b joumaled in the lid 18, and a pinion gear portion 40 (best seen in Figure 2, and which will be further explained below.
- the lid 18 defines an opening 42 having a removable elastomeric cap 44.
- Apertured seal assembly 36 is fitted adjacent and into a key-hole shaped opening 46 (best seen in Figure 10) in the lid 18, and defines a respective circular aperture 48 communicating vertically between the exterior of brew pot 16 and the interior of this pot.
- the cups 30 and their correct locations on the turn table 28 are color coded or numbered, for example (not visible in the drawing Figures).
- the cover 26 is closed, and the user starts the machine with simple inputs to control panel 24. With some brews, this is all that is required until 10 days later when the beer wort is ready to have priming sugar added and to then be bottled. In some cases, a hot- wort grain steeping operation will be conducted, which requires some attention from the user and utilization of opening 42 after removal of cap 44 as is described below. But, after grain steeping and replacement of the cap 44, the 10-day brewing interval passes, and the user then sugar-primes and bottles the beer for a subsequent carbonating fermentation.
- the machine will heat the wort to about 160°F, and maintain this temperature for about 20 minutes (or such other interval as the user may prefer) for the grain steeping operation.
- the user then starts the automated process, which will cook the wort and add hops and yeast.
- the machine will conduct a stirring operation, as is further explained below.
- the machine 10 adds the various hops, and yeast to the wort at the correct times and under acceptable temperature conditions, stirs the wort when necessary, and allows fermentation to proceed at ambient pressure while protecting the wort from microbial contamination. Heating the wort converts sugars and starches. Yeast fermentation at room temperature or cooler for "lagering" can be carried out. This alcohol-producing fermentation will have been completed by the time the brew interval of 10 days is passed (no fermentation water lock is needed, as will be explained), and sugar-priming and bottling of the beer can then be completed by the user of the machine 10.
- the brew pot can be removed from the machine, closed, and placed in a refrigerator to allow cold-working yeasts to be used in the fermentation. These yeasts may be termed "lager” yeasts, and produce a different beer product.
- the beer wort need never be boiled.
- the wort is heated to a temperature in the range of at least about 140° to
- the machine 10 may be reprogrammed by the user to employ a temperature still slightly below boiling. In such cases, the wort heating time interval can also be extended as necessary to compensate for the lower temperature.
- FIG. 3 a fragmentary view of the machine 10 is shown. It is seen that the housing 12 includes a stepped machinery deck 50, which is exposed in Figure 3 for clarity of illustration.
- the cover 26 opens over a part of this machinery deck, as is apparent from viewing Figures 1 and 2.
- the remainder of the machinery deck 50 is ordinarily covered over by the upper portion 22 of housing 12.
- the deck 50 includes a lower portion 50a and an upper portion 50b, with an arcuate transition 50c between these portions being shaped congruently with a portion of the brew pot 16 and in alignment with a rear wall 14a of the recess 14.
- the upper portion 50b of machinery deck 50 defmes a V-shaped slot 50d receiving the stirrer 38 and pinion gear 40 of the lid 18, as will be further explained, between the upper portion 50b and portion 50a, the deck 50 defines an elliptical aperture 50e (which is closed by the member 76 to be introduced below) and by which ingredients will be dispensed into the brew pot 16.
- a reversible motor 52 having a vertically extending motor shaft 52a extending vertically above the machinery deck 50.
- Secured drivingly to the motor shaft 52a is an elongate drive member 54.
- the drive member 54 defines a timing belt sprocket 54a, and at its lower extent the member 54 defines a pinion gear 54b.
- a toothed timing belt 56 is trained about the sprocket 54a and extends to and around a sprocket/drive gear member 58.
- This sprocket/drive gear member includes a sprocket portion 58a receiving the belt 56, and a drive gear portion 58b which is drivingly engageable by the pinion gear 40.
- the machinery deck 50 includes a vertically extending stem 60 (best seen in Figure 4) upon which the sprocket/drive gear member 58 is joumaled, still viewing Figure 3.
- FIG. 1 Another vertically extending stem (not seen in the drawing Figures) defined by and extending from machinery deck 50 journals a comparatively large drive gear 62.
- This drive gear 62 meshes with pinion gear 54b, and has an upstanding hub gear 64 defining a central recess 66.
- Received into the central recess 66 and upon a portion of the stem (not seen in the drawing Figures) journaling gear 62 is a toggle member 68.
- the toggle member 68 defines three vertically extending through bores (not individually referenced in the drawing Figures). In each of these bores is respectively received one of three rotational shafts 70, 72, and 74.
- each of these shafts 70-74 drivingly carries a pair of pinion gears indicated with the numerals 70a and 70b, 72a and 72b, 74a and 74b (i.e., a pair of pinion gears on each of shafts 70, 72, and 74 respectively).
- Pinion gears 70a and 72a each mesh with hub gear 64.
- Gears 72a and 74a are meshed with each other, as are gears 72b and 74b.
- Gears 74a and 74b do not mesh with hub gear 64.
- the machinery deck 50 carries a circular plate-like dispensing base member 76.
- This base member 76 has a depending skirt section 76a which extends about slightly more than 180° of the base member, and which is interrupted between two locations 76b (only one of which is visible in the drawing Figures), to provide a fit of this plate-like member to the arcuate step 50c in deck 50.
- the base member 76 defines a circular aperture 76c, which overlies and aligns with aperture 50e.
- the base member 76 defines a flat plate-like upper surface 76d, the function of which will be seen.
- the base member 76 centrally includes a vertically upwardly extending stem 76e upon which is removably joumaled a dispensing turn table 78 of the assembly 28.
- the dispensing turn table 78 includes a central boss 78a defining a bore 78b into which is received the stem 76e of base member 76. Circumferentially arrayed about this boss are a pair of radially spaced apart circumferential walls 78c and 78d, each notched at four radially aligned locations 78e and 78f to support ingredient dispensing cups 30.
- the turn table member 78 includes four circular cover portions 82 alternating with four dispensing recesses 84 (both best seen in Figure 4).
- Each dispensing recess 84 includes a funnel-shaped conical wall section 84a leading downwardly to a respective dispensing aperture 84b (seen also in Figures 7).
- the notches 78e and 78f are radially aligned with the dispensing recesses, and the cups 30 are received pivotally in the notches above these locations and the apertures 84b, respectively.
- the turn table member 78 includes a circumferentially extending gear section 86.
- the gear section 86 is not circumferentially continuous, but is interrupted at four locations spaced 90° apart to define notches, each indicated with the numeral 86a (only two of which are visible in Figure 3).
- gear segments 86b extend circumferentially from one notch 86a to the next.
- the toggle member 68 when the motor 52 is operated to turn drive gear 62 in a clockwise direction, the toggle member 68 also pivots clockwise, and pinion 70b is pivoted toward engagement with the gear section 86.
- the direction of rotation of pinion 70b is such that it would rotate the turn table member 78 in the clockwise direction.
- the pinion 70b aligns with and is received into one of the notches 86a. Consequently, operation of the motor 52 can not turn table member 78, but does result in rotation of stirrer 38 via the belt 56, sprocket/gear 58, and engagement of the gear portion of the sprocket gear 58 with the gear 40 on shaft portion 38b of the stirrer 38 (as is seen in Figure 4).
- toggle member 68 when motor 52 is operated in the reverse direction to turn gear 62 in the counter clockwise direction, then toggle member 68 also pivots counter clockwise, and pivots pinion 74b toward engagement with the gear segment 86b to the right (i.e., counter clockwise) of the notch 86a into which the pinion 70b had been received.
- the pinion 74b engages into the gear segment 86b, but is rotating in the direction to also turn the turn table member 78 in the clockwise direction. This is the case because the pinion 72a is engaged with hub gear 64, and is also meshed with the pinion 74a.
- the shafts to which these pinions are attached also carry meshed pinions 72b and 74b, with the result being that the pinions 72a and 72b serve as reversing gears.
- An interval of operation of the motor 52 in the reverse direction is enough to rotate turn table 78 in the clockwise direction so that a notch 86a no longer aligns with pinion 70a. Consequently, after this interval of operation in the reverse direction, the motor 52 is stopped, and then operated in the forward direction for an interval, as will be explained.
- the turn table 78 can not be turned further than 90 degrees during any one operation of the motor 52 in the forward direction because the next notch 86a will move rotationally into alignment with the pinion 70a, and the turn table member 78 will then stop in this rotational position.
- Figure 6 shows the next sequential notch 86a approaching the pinion 70b. When this notch 86a reaches the pinion 70b, the turn table member 78 will stop because of its own frictional engagement with the member 76. In other words, the turn table member 78 will have achieved the same position seen in Figure 3, except that it is now indexed 90° clockwise.
- FIGs 7 show what happens at one of the cups 30 as the turn table 78 is rotated 90 degrees clockwise. During this incremental rotation of the turn table member 78, one of the cups 30 will pass over dispensing aperture 76c. In order to effect dispensing of the contents of this cup as it passes over the aperture 76c, the cover 26 carries on its underside an arcuate gear rack section 88. Attention now in more particularity to the cups 30 as illustrated in Figure 3 will show that they include a side wall 90 defining an upper opening 92 leading to an internal recess 94 which is closed at its lower end by an end wall 96.
- the side wall carries a pair of diametrically opposed pintle pins 98 of differing diameter, and one of which is associated with four radially extending fins 100 arrayed at 90° relative to one another. These fins 100 are equivalent to gear teeth, as will be seen.
- the gear-fins 100 are associated with the pintle pin 98 which faces radially outwardly on the turn table member 78 and toward the gear rack section 88.
- the notches 78e and 78f are different sizes also, and the pins 98 match these notches so that the cups 30 will sit on turn table member 78 in only one orientation (i.e., with the gear-fins 100 facing radially outwardly).
- the fins 100 will be seen to function as gear teeth in cooperation with the rack section 88.
- the sequence of positions for a cup 30 seen in Figures 7a-7e depict the positions of a cup 30 as it passes under the arcuate gear rack section 88 and as the fins 100 engage between the teeth of this gear rack.
- the rotational position of the gear rack section 88 on cover member 26 is such that the cup 30 achieves inversion and dispensing of its content of ingredient for beer wort into the recess 84 just at this recess and the aperture 84b passes over the aperture 76c.
- the raised position of wall portion 84a serves to substantially prevent ingredients from the cups being spilled in other locations besides the recesses 84 below each cup 30.
- the ingredient contents of the cups 30 are sequentially dispensed and stirred into the brew pot 16 by preparatory reverse operation of the motor 52 followed by an interval of forward motor operation as explained above.
- a sufficient barrier between the wort and ambient is still maintained even though the apertures 48, 76c, and 84b leading to the wort are generally aligned and open to allow the ingredients to fall into the wort. This is the case because cover 26 remains closed, and ambient dust which might carry microbes into the wort, for example, is sufficiently excluded.
- cover 26 remains closed, and ambient dust which might carry microbes into the wort, for example, is sufficiently excluded.
- the home brewer or another person happens to be at the machine 10 while ingredients are being dispensed, their breath will not carry microbes into the wort.
- the motor On each dispensing occasion, the motor is operated for a sufficiently long time in the forward direction to insure that the turn table 78 reaches its next position with a notch 86a aligned with pinion 70b. Operation of the motor 52 in either direction operates the stirrer 38, and continued operation of the motor after ingredients are dispensed from a cup 30 into the brew pot 16 serves to stir these ingredients into the wort.
- the cups 30 and each of their corresponding locations on the turn table 78 are color coded or numbered so that ingredients are placed by the user into the correct cup for brewing, and are dispensed in the correct sequence into the brew pot.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 will show sealing structures of the brew pot 16 and lid 18, and cooperation of these structures with the housing 12 to effect brewing without contamination by ambient microbes, and without the need for a water-filled or any other type of fermentation lock.
- the lid 18 defmes a key-hole shaped opening 46.
- the seal assembly 36 includes an elastomeric sealing member 104 movably received into this opening 46, and includes an upper ramp-shaped section 106 exposed on the upper side of lid 18.
- the elastomeric member 104 (when the brew pot 16 and lid 18 are inserted into recess 14) is sealingly engageable at a circumferentially continuous end surface 108 with the underside of deck 50 below the dispensing plate 76.
- the member 104 includes or is associated with an elastomeric diaphragm 110.
- the member 104 and diaphragm 110 are joined by a fastener ring 110a, but this need not be the case.
- a multitude of small fasteners 110b secure the ring 110a to diaphragm 110 and member 104, but only one of these is illustrated in Figure 9.
- the member 104 and diaphragm 110 may be formed in a single piece.
- the radially outer circumferential portion of diaphragm 110 is joined sealingly to lid 18 using a second fastener ring 110c and fasteners 1 lOd (again, only one of these fasteners being shown in the drawing Figure).
- Figure 9 also illustrates that the lid 18 includes a pair of angulated wings 18a, one on each side of and forming a part of a boss through which passes the shaft 38b of the stirrer 38.
- These wings 18a are mutually angulated to match the notch 50e in part 50b of the machinery deck 50 so that when the brew pot 16 with lid 18 is placed by a user into recess 14, the gear 40 is guided into meshing engagement with gear section 58b, and the lid 18 is guided also into its proper position of relative rotation so that the aperture 48 in seal assembly 36 is aligned with the aperture 76c in the dispensing base member 76 (viewing also Figures 1, 2, and 3).
- the seal assembly 36 sealingly engages the underside of the plate-like dispensing base member 76 as the brew pot and lid are slid into the recess 14, so that ambient dust and microbes are sealed out of the beer wort at this interface.
- Figure 11 shows a cross section of the lid 18 received on brew pot 16.
- the brew pot 16 includes an ordinary rolled upper edge 16a.
- Lid 18 defines a circumferentially extending groove 112 defined between radially inner and radially outer skirts 112a and 112b, respectively.
- the groove 112 receives the upper edge or lip 16a, and cooperatively defines a labyrinth seal configuration.
- No gasket or other positive-contact type of seal is required between the brew pot 16 and lid 18.
- the pot will respire or breath via the interface of lid 18 and lip 16a (i.e., at groove 112). As gas flows outwardly of this interface, there is no risk of ambient microbes coming into the wort. However, when the pot 16 is cooled or otherwise has a lower than ambient pressure (i.e., ambient barometric pressure may also vary during brewing, for example), incoming air might be carry ambient microbes into the wort. However, this has been found to not be the case. In fact, the labyrinth seal defined between lip 16a and groove 112 has been found to be sufficient to prevent introduction of ambient microbes into the beer wort.
- ambient pressure i.e., ambient barometric pressure may also vary during brewing, for example
- the brew pot 16 needs no water-filled or other fermentation lock, and gaskets and seals which might harbor microbes in crevices to be carried into a subsequent batch of wort are not used or required. Cleaning of the brew pot and lid are substantially easier as a result than any prior home brewing apparatus known.
- Attention now to Figures 12, 13, and Figures 14 will explain how the machine 10 is used to brew beer with very little labor or time from the user being required.
- the machine 10 includes a control panel 24.
- This control panel 24 includes (in the present embodiment) three push-buttons 114, 116, and 118, each with a corresponding LED indicator 114a, 116a, and 118a.
- the control panel 24 also includes a three-character alpha/numeric LCD display 120, and three LED indicators 122a, 122b, and 122c, each providing (when individually illuminated) a guide to the value being displayed on this display 120.
- an indicator 124 provides by its illumination (or lack of illumination, respectively) an indication of whether the temperature sensor probe 34 is sensing an increasing or decreasing temperature at the brew pot 16 (i.e., heating or cooling of the beer wort in the pot 16).
- Figure 13 shows the architecture for a microprocessor-based control system 126 interfaced with heater 20, with control panel 24, with sensor 34, and with motor 52.
- the control system 126 includes a power supply section 128 having a transformer section 128a receiving line power via a line cord 128b, and a pair of regulated power supply modules 128c, each providing respective low- voltage supplies for integrated circuits or low- voltage controls.
- the line cord power is also provided to a relay 128d for the heater 20.
- the power voltages from modules 128c are supplied into a programmable logic section 130 which includes a microprocessor 132 and serial EEPROM 134.
- a crystal oscillator 136 provides a clock rate for the microprocessor, allowing an internal clock to keep real time.
- the control system 126 includes a motor control relay/drive circuit 138.
- This circuit 138 may actually include a relay, or may be all solid state, as desired.
- An A-to-D converter 140 provides for input of the sensed temperature value from probe 34.
- a I/O data buss 142 provides two-way interface with the display 120, push buttons 114, 116, 118, and indicators 114a, 116a, 118a, 122, and 124.
- An audio beeper output 144 provides for the machine to signal a user when the beer is finished brewing, or when attention is needed for addition of steeping grain or priming sugar, for example.
- Figures 14 provide exemplary and illustrative flow charts of the programming for microprocessor 132, stored in memory 134, which allows the user of the machine 10 to brew many varieties of home-brew beer simply by loading the ingredients into the appropriate cups 30 and starting the machine 10.
- This programming is probably best understood in the context of an explanation of use of the machine in brewing beer, so the explanation below serves both purposes.
- the brew pot 16 is first filled with 2 l gallons of tap water, malt is added, the pot is covered with lid 18 and placed into recess 16. Next, the first hops, second hops, third hops, and yeast are placed into the appropriate ones of cups 30 on turn table 78, with the turn table indexed to its starting rotational position, and cover 26 is closed. The machine 10 is started by selecting on display 20 the appropriate program for the beer recipe being used.
- Figure 14a shows the programming steps for an exemplary one of the recipes.
- the programming flow chart for this option is shown in Figure 14c, and the user will be summoned by the machine to steep the grain bag after the water has been brought to an appropriate temperature (i.e., about 160°F).
- the grain steeping operation involves filling the brew pot with water, filling a grain bag and placing this bag in the brew pot.
- the machine summons the user to remove the grain bag, add the malt, and press, "Start", upon which the machine proceeds with the rest of the brewing process.
- Figure 14c shows the program for a preparatory grain steeping, and is self explanatory.
- the machine 10 summons the user, the user presses the "Steep” button again to let the machine know that the grain bag is immersed in the brew pot.
- the machine again summons the user to remove the grain bag.
- the user adds cap 44, and then presses "Start” to proceed with the usual brewing sequence.
- the grain steeping interval is pre-programmed, but is changeable by the user.
- Figure 14c shows a 20 minute steeping interval only for purposes of illustration.
- the conventional art of home beer making tells us that the wort must be chilled quickly and then placed with yeast into a fermentation bucket with a water-filled fermentation lock.
- the brewer is traditionally cautioned against breathing on the wort. This traditionally was thought to be the case no doubt because the handling of the wort by the human brewer and the exposure to ambient air combined to allow microbes to enter the wort. With traditional home brewing methods, spoiled beer resulted. However, the wort is in this case not exposed to the human brewer (i.e., the human brewer is not going to be breathing on the wort and possibly exhaling microbes into the wort), nor is the brew pot opened to ambient at this stage.
- the wort may be allowed to cool at a natural heat loss rate to ambient, with the temperature being sensed by probe 34 and with the brew pot kept closed.
- the control system 126 will actuate the turn table 78 to dispense the yeast from its cup 30 into the brew pot 16.
- the yeast will be dormant because all of the fermentable sugars of the wort have been consumed.
- the controller 126 will summon the user to add priming sugar to the wort. This priming sugar will be stirred in using stirrer 38, which importantly does not reach to the bottom of the brew pot 16.
- stirrer 38 is spaced sufficiently above the bottom of brew pot 16, and above the residue of fermentation products which collects there, that operation of this stirrer 38 does not significantly disturb the residue.
- Sugar-priming the wort in the pot 16 and stirring it in this pot promotes uniform mixture of the sugar to insure consistency in carbonation from bottle to bottle.
- Figure 14d provides the flow chart for this sugar-priming operation of the machine 10.
- the wort After the wort is sugar-primed, it needs to be transferred into beer bottles to be capped and bottle-conditioned.
- This "bottle conditioning" means that a second carbonation-producing fermentation is carried out in the pressure vessels of the capped beer bottles.
- the spigot 16a is spaced sufficiently above the bottom of brew pot 16 that the wort can be dispensed directly from this spigot into bottles without disturbing the residue in the pot.
- a bottle-filling tube (not seen in the drawing Figures) can be connected to the is spigot 16a and extended to the bottom of each beer bottle so that the bottle is filled from the bottom to the top for minimal aeration.
- this precaution has been found to be not necessary.
- FIGS 15 and 15a provide a perspective view of an alternative brew pot for use with the present machine and brewing process.
- Figure 15a is a fragmentary perspective view in cross section to improve the clarity of illustration.
- brew pot 116 also includes a water cooling jacket (generally referenced with numeral 116b) disposed on the side wall of the brew pot above the level at which the temperature sensor 34 contacts the brew pot.
- the water cooling jacket 116b is formed by an outer jacket or wall member 116c sealingly attached at its upper and lower circumferential margins (as by welding or brazing, for example) about the pot 116, and having a pair of hose barbs 116d adjacent to but on opposite circumferential sides of an internal partition 116e.
- the partition 116e is formed by a vertical crease 116e in the jacket wall 116c, and indicated on Figure 15 by the arrowed numeral 116e (i.e., the crease which is visible on the outside of the jacket 116b inwardly forms the partition). That is, the crease 116e extends radially inwardly close to the wall of the brew pot 116.
- water admitted to the circumferentially extending annular space 116f between the jacket 116c and the remainder of the brew pot 116 at one hose barb 116d will flow circumferentially about the pot and exit at the other hose barb 116d.
- the user of this brew pot can conveniently and optionally use water chilling of the wort after the heating phase of the brewing process to chill the wort toward the temperature of 90°F at which the yeast will be added by the machine 12.
- the user connects a hose from a cool water source to one of the hose barbs 116d, and a hose from the other hose barb to drain.
- the machine 12 is under temperature control during the phase of the process in which water chilling of the wort may be used, no difference (other than the shorter cooling time for the wort to reach 90°F) will be experienced.
- the temperature sensor 34 indicates that the wort has cooled to 90°F, this will be sensed by the controller 126, and the yeast will be automatically dispensed into the wort.
- the brewing process continues with the fermentation interval as before.
- the brew pot 16 (or 116), lid 18, turn table 78 and cups 30 go right into a dish washer, or into the dish pan, for cleaning. Because the wort is never boiled with the machine 10, there is no risk at all of boiling over the brew pot and making a mess that way.
- a single vessel (brew pot 16 or 116, with lid 18) is used, so not much clean up is required.
- the present invention has been depicted, described, and is defined by reference to a single particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, such reference does not imply a limitation on the invention, and no such limitation is to be inferred.
- the invention is capable of considerable modification, alteration, and equivalents in form and function, as will occur to those ordinarily skilled in the pertinent arts.
- the brewing process according to the present invention can be carried out with a machine that does not automatically dispense the ingredients. That is, the machine may simply summon a human attendant who then adds the ingredients manually via the opening 42. Alternatively, the dispensing mechanism 28 may be manually actuated rather than power driven.
- the brew pot could be provided with a reversed-Peltier effect type of thermoelectric chiller in order to remove heat from the wort more quickly than natural cooling and still without the need to use water chilling of the wort. Accordingly, the depicted and described preferred embodiment of the invention is exemplary only, and is not exhaustive of the scope of the invention. Consequently, the invention is intended to be limited only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims, giving full cognizance to equivalents in all respects.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU72917/98A AU7291798A (en) | 1997-05-06 | 1998-05-06 | Automated home beer brewing machine and method |
CA002292606A CA2292606A1 (en) | 1997-05-06 | 1998-05-06 | Automated home beer brewing machine and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US85169697A | 1997-05-06 | 1997-05-06 | |
US08/851,696 | 1997-05-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998050521A1 true WO1998050521A1 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
Family
ID=25311423
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/009282 WO1998050521A1 (en) | 1997-05-06 | 1998-05-06 | Automated home beer brewing machine and method |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6032571A (en) |
AU (1) | AU7291798A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2292606A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998050521A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU7291798A (en) | 1998-11-27 |
CA2292606A1 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
US6032571A (en) | 2000-03-07 |
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