WO1999022532A1

WO1999022532A1 - Method, base station, receiving device and mobile station for transmitting useful information and signalling information for a mobile communications system

Info

Publication number: WO1999022532A1
Application number: PCT/DE1998/003054
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Färber; Anja Klein; Christian Lüders
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 1997-10-27
Filing date: 1998-10-19
Publication date: 1999-05-06
Also published as: AU1433099A; DE19747366A1; DE19747366C2

Abstract

The inventive method for transmitting useful information and signalling information in a mobile communications system is based on the fact that the useful information transmitted by the base station is transmitted with greater directional selectivity than the signalling information. According to the invention, the useful information and signalling information are error protection coded at the transmission end in order to balance out the different antenna gain, the error protection coding for the signalling information providing better protection than the error protection coding for the useful information.

Description

description

Method, base station, receiving device and mobile station for the transmission of user information and signaling information for a mobile communication system

The invention relates to a method, a base station, a receiving device and a mobile station for transmitting useful information and signaling information for a mobile communication system, in particular for a mobile communication system with TD / CDMA subscriber separation.

In mobile communication systems, messages (for example voice, image information or other data) are transmitted with the aid of electromagnetic waves via a radio interface between the transmitting and receiving radio station (base station or mobile station). The electromagnetic waves are emitted at carrier frequencies that lie in the frequency band provided for the respective system. With the GSM (Global System for Mobile

Communication), the carrier frequencies are in the range of 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz. For future mobile radio networks with TDMA or TD / CDMA transmission methods via the radio interface, for example the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) or other 3rd generation systems, frequencies in the frequency band of approx. 2000 MHz are provided.

The currently existing mobile radio system GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) is a mobile communication system with a TDMA component for subscriber separation (Time Division Multiple Access). According to a frame structure, user information of the subscriber connections is transmitted in time slots. The transmission takes place block by block. The GSM mobile radio system also contains channels (BCCH broadcast control channel) adapted to the time frame of the frame structure for transmitting signaling signals. tion information, ie, organization information to all mobile stations in the respective radio cell is known. This organizational information includes information about the location area, the radio cell, the channel structure and options that are supported within the cell. Further signaling information is sent in the up and down direction.

A mobile communication system is known from DE 195 49 148 AI which uses CDMA subscriber separation (CDMA code division multiple access) and uses a JD method (joint detection) on the receiving end in order to improve an improved knowledge of spreading codes of several subscribers Detect the transmitted useful information.

Furthermore, it is known to carry out directionally selective radiation for individual connections between the base station and a mobile station in the downward direction. If the position of the mobile station with respect to the base station is known, the useful information for this mobile station can be radiated in a directed manner. This form of directionally selective radiation is not possible for the signaling information which is intended for a plurality of mobile stations or for which the position of the mobile station is not known.

With regard to the transmission of useful information and signaling information, there is consequently a different antenna gain, which in the mobile communication system represents a "bottleneck" in terms of capacity and network planning. The object of the invention is to eliminate these problems Method with the features of claim 1, the base station with the features of claim 11, the receiving device with the features of claim 22 and the mobile station with the features of claim 24. Advantageous further developments can be found in the subclaims. In the method according to the invention for the transmission of useful information and signaling information in a mobile communication system, it is assumed that the useful information is transmitted from the base station in a more directionally selective manner than the signaling information. In order to compensate for the different antenna gain, an error protection coding of the useful information and the signaling information is carried out on the transmission side, the error protection coding of the signaling information being higher than the error protection coding of the useful information.

With these measures, the advantages of directionally selective transmission continue to be used. However, the higher level of error protection compensates for the signaling information that is poorly received due to the lower antenna gain. The range of the signals is therefore less different for comparable transmission powers, or in other words, for the signaling information, a disproportionately higher transmission power does not need to be applied for comparable ranges. Since an increased transmission power causes additional interference in neighboring cells, the less directionally selective radiation of the signaling information results in a range limitation for the radio cells, which disadvantageously limits the radio cell size, particularly in areas with low subscriber density. The invention increases the range and thus the possible cell size.

The error protection coding can, according to advantageous further developments of the invention, by a convolutional coding, a

Block coding, a retransmission of the information, a scrambling of the information or a combination of these measures can be realized. In any case, there is an error protection coding for the signaling information which is more effective than the protection of the useful information. The error protection mechanisms are advantageously used on the transmission side during signal processing implemented so that the reception of the signaling information in the radio cell or sectors thereof is additionally improved.

In the sense of network planning, the error protection coding is set variably from radio cell to radio cell in a mobile communication system. Since radio cells are set up in different geographical environments and also use different forms of directional radiation, e.g. Sector cells, radiation using adaptive antennas that enable SDMA (Space Division Multiple Access) subscriber separation), the range ratio of useful information and signaling information is different for each case. The error protection for the signaling information can be increased step by step for the individual radio cells. For the setting of the transmission power, this means that the range is increased for radio cells with a maximum transmission power for the signaling information or that the transmission power can be reduced if the range is already sufficient.

The signaling information is sent as organizational information or additional organizational information (for example as an emergency call) in an organizational channel. Such organizational information or additional organizational information is advantageously sent omnidirectionally. However, the signaling information can also be sent as subscriber call or subscriber access information in a signaling channel. The error protection coding according to the invention also brings significant advantages for this signaling information, which cannot yet be assigned to individual mobile stations. The error protection coding is set such that a higher antenna gain of directionally selective transmission is compensated for. On the network side, error protection is carried out for the organizational information and the subscriber call information. The mobile station carries out the error protection coding for the subscriber access information.

A particularly advantageous application of the invention in mobile communication systems in which takes place the transfer of the payload and Signalisierungssinformationen in a common frequency band, where ^'nehmerse- to part are groomed for example, a CDMA method is used with individual spread codes in one time slot.

The user information becomes broadband, e.g. in a 1.6 or 2.0 MHz frequency band. Correct power control is particularly important in such mobile communication systems, since several subscriber signals are transmitted simultaneously in one frequency channel. Power fluctuations of the received subscriber signals are largely compensated for by the power control. A JD method (joint detection) is advantageously used in the detection of the subscriber signals. This allows the interference of other subscriber signals to be taken into account when detecting a subscriber signal.

In the case of a combination of TDMA and permanent wave transmission, for example, power control can only be used for channels of the useful information, during which the organization information is emitted with a constant transmission power. This organization channel with constant power can thus be used as a reference for power control and for handover information (measurements). Through a possible separation of the power regulation, an optimized cell planning for the channels of the useful information can be carried out. The radio resources are used well for the useful information. The organizational information is always available. It is not necessary to synchronize base stations with one another. According to a further advantageous development, the signaling information is spread using a DS-CDMA method with a spreading factor. A CDMA method for transmission is thus also selected for the organizational information, so that on the receiver side the signal processing device can use at least partially individual components or algorithms for both CDMA methods.

A larger spreading factor is advantageously used to spread the organizational information than to spread the useful information. This means a greater process gain for the organizational information than for the useful information. The channel for organizational information is therefore more interference-resistant.

The larger spreading factor for the organizational information is achieved according to an advantageous embodiment in that symbols of the organizational information have a longer symbol duration than symbols of the useful information. The symbol duration of the organizational information can be an integral multiple of the useful information. Thus, the subscriber codes or chips representing DS-CDMA spreading sequences can be the same

Chip length (or an integer multiple thereof). A common clock can consequently be used to generate the chips.

The greater process gain for the organizational information is advantageously achieved in that a significantly lower data rate, for example less than or equal to 1 kbit / s, is used in comparison to the data rate of the useful information. The organizational information is therefore limited to the most essential information, which is, however, transmitted in a very interference-resistant manner. According to a further development, the signal processing device is designed for further signaling information in the mobile communication system in such a way that signaling information is prepared for block-wise transmission in the time slots. A TDMA-based method is therefore used for the signaling information. This signaling information may be individualized like the useful information, so that power control is advantageous. A separate spreading code is expediently used for the signaling information and the frequency channel of the useful information is used. The combination and separation of the useful and signaling information can thus be achieved purely in terms of computing, without additional circuitry.

The greater process gain also extends the reach for organizational information. If the useful information and the organizational information are emitted with approximately the same power, the transmission device is simplified in structure; nevertheless, a comparable range for useful information and organizational information can be achieved according to the above expression.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to drawings.

Show

1 shows a block diagram of a mobile radio network,

2 shows a schematic representation of the frame structure of the radio interface, FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a transmission device of a base station,

4 shows a block diagram of a receiving device of a mobile station, 5 shows a block diagram of a transmission device,

6 shows a block diagram of a high-frequency device,

7 shows a block diagram of signal processing on the transmission side, and FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of signal processing on the receiving side.

The structure of the mobile communication system shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to a known GSM mobile radio network which consists of a multiplicity of mobile switching centers MSC which are networked with one another or which provide access to a fixed network PSTN. Furthermore, these mobile switching centers MSC are each connected to at least one base station controller BSC. Each base station controller BSC in turn enables a connection to at least one base station BS. Such a base station BS is a radio station which can set up a message connection to mobile stations MS via a radio interface.

1 shows three radio connections for the transmission of useful information ni or signaling information si between three mobile stations MS and a base station BS. An operation and maintenance center OMC implements control and maintenance functions for the mobile radio network or for parts thereof. The functionality of this

Structure is transferable to other mobile communication systems in which the invention can be used.

The base station BS is connected to an antenna device AE which, for example, consists of three individual radiators. Each of the individual radiators radiates in a sector of the radio cell supplied by the base station BS. However, a larger number of individual steelworkers (according to adaptive antennas) can alternatively also be used, so that further spatial subscriber separation using an SDMA method (space division multiple access) is also used can be. Sectoral deforestation is not carried out for the useful information.

The base station BS provides the mobile stations with organizational information oi about the location area (LA location area) and about the radio cell (radio cell identifier). The organizational information oi is emitted simultaneously via all individual steelworkers of the antenna device AE. Omnidirectional radiation also takes place for signaling information si for subscriber calls (paging), since it is not known in which sector the mobile station MS sought is located. In the case of reception for the base station, subscriber access information (random access) is also evaluated as omnidirectionally incoming signaling information si.

The communication links with the useful information ni between the base station BS and the mobile stations MS are subject to multipath propagation, which is caused by reflections, for example, on buildings in addition to the direct propagation path. Directional radiation by certain individual radiators of the antenna device AE results in a greater antenna gain compared to omnidirectional radiation. The quality of the communication connections is improved by the directional radiation.

If one assumes a movement of the mobile stations MS, the multipath propagation together with further interference leads to the signal components of the different propagation paths of a subscriber signal being superimposed on one another in the receiving mobile station MS. Furthermore, it is assumed that the subscriber signals of different base stations BS overlap at the reception location to form a reception signal rx in a frequency channel. The task of a receiving mobile station MS is to transmit data d of the useful information ni, signaling, transmitted in the subscriber signals co co f \) tv>'P ¹

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The spreading of the data d of the useful information ni and the data oid of the organizational information oi is carried out according to FIG. 2 for the useful information ni by spreading each data symbol d with one of the spreading codes cl to c8, the spreading factor, defined by the number of chips per data symbol, with Ql to Q8. The spreading factor Q1 of the first subscriber signal is, for example, three. The spreading code cl is repeated from data symbol d to data symbol d. The spreading of the signaling information si with a spreading code c9 takes place in accordance with the spreading of the useful information ni.

The spreading of the data oid of the organizational information oi takes place according to a DS-CDMA method, the symbol duration of one of these data symbols being significantly longer than that of the data d of the useful information ni. The DS spreading code is a continuous spreading code with a spreading factor Q9 = 12, which is larger than that of the useful information ni. The length of the chips for spreading the useful information ni and the organizational information oi is the same.

The data rate of the organizational information oi is, for example, 200 bit / s, during which the useful information ni is transmitted at a data rate of 16 kbit / s in the case of voice transmission. 2 the ratio of the spreading factors Q1 to Q9 is therefore not given to scale. The possible process gain for the organizational information oi in the exemplary embodiment is P = 1.6 MHz / 200 Hz, ie just under 40 dB.

During the pauses between transmitted radio blocks with data d of the useful information ni, the transmission of the organizational information oi is continued.

An alternative embodiment, not shown in the figures, does not provide perm transmission of the organizational information oi. These are either in one

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P Tl H ¹ P- dd CL φ rt Φ Hl Φ Φ P rt P Φ O: P Pi CL O Ω φ d O z 1 rt

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"* £ tsi cn φ Φ P- tr 1 1 cn rt φ P- rt 1 1 P 1 1 rt

The components of the radio stations MS, BS for processing the high-frequency transmit and receive signals tx, rx are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

5 contains one

Digital / analog converter D / A for real and imaginary parts, first analog transmit filter FS1 for low-pass filtering of the signals in the baseband, a first mixer MSI for converting the transmit signals tx into the transmit frequency band, and a power amplifier PA for amplifying the transmit signals tx.

6 contains a first analog receive filter EF1, a receive amplifier RPA for measuring and amplifying the receive signals rx, a second mixer MS2 for converting the receive signals rx to baseband (several mixer stages can also be used), second analog Receive filter EF2 and finally an analog / digital converter A / D for real and imaginary parts, which generates digital receive signals rx.

The high-frequency device HF-E and the transmission device UE are designed to be broadband, for example for a frequency band of at least B = 1.6 MHz.

The transmitter according to FIG. 7 receives the previously digitized data symbols of a data source. There is a block coding for the signaling information si, oi, followed by a channel coding in the convolutional encoder FC for all information ni, si, oi, for example the rate 1/2 and constraint length 5 for the useful information ni. This is followed by scrambling in Interleaver I with a scrambling depth of 4 or 16.

The scrambled data is then modulated in a MOD 4-PSK modulator, converted into 4-PSK symbols and then spread in spreading means SPR according to individual spreading codes. This processing is carried out in the signal co O r> P ¹ >

Cn o cn o Cn o cn

CL φ

Ω

O

CL

P-

Φ

P φ

P tö σ d

P

Ω tr uq

Φ

Hi d: tr

P rt

.

The digital signal processing is controlled by a control device SE on the transmitting side and on the receiving side. The control device SE takes into account in particular the number of data channels per connection, the spreading codes of the data channels, the current radio block structure, the requirements for channel estimation and the individual settings for error protection coding and decoding for the different information ni, si, oi.

The control device SE makes a radio cell-specific setting of the block and convolutional coding associated with the error protection coding and decoding. By selecting the coded information ni, si, oi and the conditions of the coding, e.g. constraint length, rate, etc., or by setting the scrambling depth, individual error protection mechanisms for useful information ni and signaling information si, oi are used. The error protection for the signaling information si, oi is much greater, since the lower antenna gain is to be compensated for. The control device SE also controls if necessary

Repeating the sending of the signaling information si, oi. The repetition takes place at predetermined times.

The structure and setting of encoders and decoders are described in J.G. Proakis, "Digital Communications," McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995, pp. 13-506, and the scrambling on pp. 468-470.

Claims

claims

1. Method for transmitting useful information (ni) and signaling information (si, oi) in a mobile communication system with at least one base station (BS), in which the useful information (ni) from the base station (BS) is more directionally selective via a radio interface are sent as the signaling information (si, oi), and different error protection coding for the useful information (ni) and the signaling information (si, oi) are carried out on the transmission side, the error protection coding of the signaling information (si, oi) offering better protection than the error protection coding of the User information (ni).

2. The method according to claim 1, in which the error protection coding from radio cell to radio cell is variably set in a mobile communication system.

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the error protection coding is implemented by a convolutional coding.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the error protection coding is implemented by block coding.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the error protection coding is carried out by repeating the transmission of the information (ni, si, oi).

6. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, in which the error protection coding is implemented by scrambling the information ■ (ni, si, oi).

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which oof P ¹ "

Cn O cn o Cn o Cn 1

CΛ 3 - -. 25

Φ P- cn d

P rt P- rt

CL N

Φ Φ P- cn P- o d

P- d P-

Φ -— 'o ti P P

DJ d: 3

H "C_t tr DJ cn tr φ rt

Φ P P-

-—. P rt O

P rt P d

XP 0 ⁾ Φ

- - - DJ d sp Φ d d -—. : P d

P uq Φ P- cn d - - -

Φ Φ

P- P- CΛ d d d P- d

Φ P uq L

P- d tr Ω DJ CL o tr P-

Ω rt Φ Φ tr ddd CΛ P ¹

P uq N P- ∞

Φ d s

Λ - P d α φ DJ

Φ M P-

P -— - d P- rt φ cn

Φ N 3 P- d φ s p CΛ P

Φ d cn £ d d rt o CL uq

P Φ cn

DJ d ω P- tr P ¹ P- P

P- uq d φ d O

P P 0> P uq φ

_^ 3 d DJ. rt

CL rt P-

Φ X o

CΛ

_^ P φ

P

- With an antenna device (AE) for radiating the transmitter signal (rx), the useful information (ni) being transmitted in a more directionally selective manner than the signaling information (si, oi).

12. Base station (BS) according to claim 11, in which the transmission of the useful information (ni) and signaling information (si, oi) takes place in a common frequency band.

13. Base station (BS) according to claim 11 or 12, in which the signal processing device (SP) is so developed that for subscriber separation in a time slot (ts) a CDMA method with individual spreading codes (cl to c8) of the spreading factors (Ql to Q8 ) is used.

14. Base station (BS) according to one of claims 11 to 13, in which the organizational information (oi) is spread according to a DS-CDMA method with a spreading factor (Q9).

15. Base station (BS) according to claim 14, in which a larger spreading factor (Q9) is used for the organizational information (oi) compared to the spreading of the useful information (ni).

16. Base station (BS) according to claim 15, in which

Organization information symbols (oi) have a longer symbol duration than useful information symbols (ni).

17. Base station (BS) according to one of claims 11 to 16, in which the data rate of the organizational information (oi) is significantly lower than the data rate of the useful information (ni).

18. Base station (BS) according to one of claims 11 to 17, in which the signal processing device (SP) is so pronounced is that signaling information (si) is prepared for block-wise transmission in time slots (ts).

19. Base station (BS) according to claim 18, in which the signal processing device (SP) is such that a separate spreading code (clO) is used for the signaling information (si).

20. Base station (BS) according to one of claims 11 to 19, in which the assigned antenna device (AE) emits directionally selective radiation, the useful information (ni) being directed or sectoral and the organizational information (oi) being emitted sectorally or omnidirectionally.

21. Base station (BS) according to claim 20, in which the transmission device (UE) is designed such that the useful information (ni) and the organizational information (oi) are emitted with approximately the same power.

22. receiving device for a radio station (MS, BS) of a Mobi1 communication system, with a high-frequency device (HF) for demodulating received signals (rx), with a coupling device (KE) for connecting the high-frequency device (HF) with a signal processing device (SP), wherein the signal processing device (SP) processes useful information (ni) and signaling information (si, oi) transmitted with less antenna gain in such a way that decoding the information (si, oi) different transmission-side error protection coding for the useful information (ni) and the signaling information (si , oi) is taken into account, with a higher error protection of the signaling information (si, oi) compared to the useful information (ni) being evaluated.

23. receiving device according to claim 22, in which the signal processing device (SP) contains a JD-CDMA processor (JD-P) for the useful information (ni).

24. Mobile station (MS) with a receiving device according to claim 22 or 23.