WO1999060402A1 - Ligand binding assay and kit with a separation zone for disturbing analytes - Google Patents
Ligand binding assay and kit with a separation zone for disturbing analytes Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999060402A1 WO1999060402A1 PCT/SE1999/000722 SE9900722W WO9960402A1 WO 1999060402 A1 WO1999060402 A1 WO 1999060402A1 SE 9900722 W SE9900722 W SE 9900722W WO 9960402 A1 WO9960402 A1 WO 9960402A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- analyte
- reactant
- zone
- ligand
- component
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54386—Analytical elements
- G01N33/54387—Immunochromatographic test strips
- G01N33/54388—Immunochromatographic test strips based on lateral flow
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54386—Analytical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/558—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/97—Test strip or test slide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/807—Apparatus included in process claim, e.g. physical support structures
- Y10S436/81—Tube, bottle, or dipstick
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/825—Pretreatment for removal of interfering factors from sample
Definitions
- Sandwich technique usually means that an analytically detectable complex is formed in which the analyte binds to two bioaffine counterparts, one of which is analytically detectable and the other is Capturer
- the analyte and an analytically detectable analyte analogue will compete for a limiting amount of bioaffine counterpart
- two competitive va ⁇ ants may be mentioned those that use a) competition between analyte and analyte analogue, which is labelled, for a limiting amount of hgand m the form of a firmly anchored Capturer, and b) competition between analyte and analyte analogue in the form of firmly anchored Capturer for a limiting amount of soluble and analytically detectable bioaffine counterpart
- Heteroforms may be isoforms of proteins, e g lsoenzymes etc Within the term heteroforms are included inter aha different forms of bioaffine complexes which "resemble" each other by meeting the above definition Examples are immunocomplexes where the antigen is the same but the antibody is of different class/subclass See further under the title "Analyte” below
- the components of a sample that may affect or influence the signal that is to be detected m DZ can be divided into two mam groups a) the analyte and b) components which directly or indirectly disturb the detection
- Directly disturbing components are those which interfere with the signal as such, for example fluorescent components in serum in case the complex is to be detected by fluorescence
- indirectly disturbing components are heteroforms with regard to Capturer and/or an added bioaffine reactant R (for example R*)
- Other indirectly disturbing components for example heterophihc antibodies, may be present m the o ⁇ gmal sample and interfere with the formation of the signal complex m DZ
- the hgands that are released from the separation zone of the invention may act disturbingly (see Example 1) Problems with disturbing components in samples have often meant that for analytes that are present in low concentrations, the separation of disturbing components and the detection have been performed m different systems
- WO 94/06012 discloses an analytical test apparatus having a negative control zone placed before the analyte detection zone The negative control zone has the function to indicate the presence m the sample of components that affect the analyte detection so that it becomes unreliable
- the flow mat ⁇ x contains one or more separation zones (SZ) between ASZ and DZ, which should permit at least one component, capable of influencing the signal from the signal complex in DZ, to be retarded/separated This should take place in SZ by means of the ligand interactions mentioned below, which can be reversible or irreversible
- the component may be either a disturbing component or the analyte If the component is not an analyte, the retardation means that the component (or components) migrates more slowly than the analyte through SZ or is bound irreversibly to SZ and thereby is prevented from reaching DZ such that the detection of analyte in DZ essentially will not be disturbed by the component (or components) in question Usually, this means that there should be a sufficient amount of ligand for substantially all of the disturbing component or components in the sample to be affected "Substantially all" depends on the relative concentrations of the component(
- the formation of signal complexes will take place m the absence thereof
- the detection of signal complexes in DZ may be taken as a qualitative or quantitative measure of the analyte
- the point of time for the formation of a signal complex will be changed, or, if the analyte-hgand binding in SZ is irreversible, the formation of a signal complex may be completely inhibited
- the formation of a signal complex in DZ will be a measure of the capability of the analyte to bind to the ligand m SZ
- Figure 2B is the same as the va ⁇ ant in Figure 2A except that ARZ and ASZ coincide
- the Capturer m the detection zone may be selected according to the same rules as those applying to the ligand in the separation zone, with the proviso that the binding capability of the Capturer should be directed towards the analyte and/or towards an analyte-related reactant. It is advantageous to choose highly affine Capturers with rapid kinetics for capture of the ligand It is p ⁇ ma ⁇ ly of interest to use antibodies or antigen hapten for which it is often easy to find highly affine antibodies.
- analyte-related reactant is intended a reactant (R) that is added and when migrating through DZ may bind to the Capturer m an amount that is related to the presence of analyte m the sample.
- R reactant
- Examples of analyte-related reactants are R* in the form of a) labelled analyte analogue m competitive methods that use competition for a limiting amount of solid-phase-bound anti-analyte antibody, and b) labelled or non- labelled soluble anti-analyte antibody m methods that use competition/inhibition between sohd-phase-bound analyte analogue and analyte for a limiting amount of anti- analyte antibody m dissolved form.
- analyte is intended the compound or compounds that are determined quantitatively or qualitatively Quantitative determination relates to the measurement of quantities in absolute as well as relative terms
- Qualitative determination of an analyte refers to detecting the existence or non-existence of something (yes/no test) or qualitative properties of a compound, such as capability of affimty-bmding to a certain ligand
- the measurement value obtained is a ratio of the sum of one or more selected heteroforms and the sum of another combination of heteroforms
- An example is the ratio of analyte amount and total amount of all heteroforms with regard to a certain counterpart (total amount includes the amount of analyte)
- the analyte will be the inactive enzyme.
- Proteins, peptides or other biomolecules which exert their biological function by binding to a specific receptor could be separated by means of a ligand in SZ which is a receptor for the biomolecule.
- the analyte will be the fraction of the molecules that lack or have a reduced capability of binding to the receptor.
- Proteins e.g. IgE
- Degradation isoforms of proteins where ammo acids have been cleaved off can be determined by the invention
- degradation isoforms of creatine kinase (CK) are interesting cardiac markers
- Labelled antigen hapten has its p ⁇ mary use in A) competitive techniques m which a labelled antigen hapten is allowed to compete with an unlabelled antigen/hapten for a limiting amount of antibody
- va ⁇ ants of the invention which an analytically detectable reactant (R*) is not utilized are those where the analyte per se is detectable when it is part of the complex m DZ
- enzyme as analyte m combination with a substrate that gives an analytically detectable product, for example a substrate that gives a coloured or fluorescent product that should be insoluble R* may, but need not, exhibit binding capability to the disturbing components that are separated in SZ
- the application zone thereof should be located downstream of the separation zone (SZ), unless it is desired to measure the level of disturbing heteroforms by means of the amount of R* binding to SZ.
- a particularly useful labelling group is particles which optionally contain one of the above mentioned detectable groups, such as fluoropho ⁇ c group or chromogemc group (fluorescent and coloured particles, respectively).
- detectable groups such as fluoropho ⁇ c group or chromogemc group (fluorescent and coloured particles, respectively).
- Useful particles often have a size in the range of 0 001 to 5 ⁇ m, with preference for the range of 0 05 to 5 ⁇ m
- the particles may be of colloidal dimensions, so-called sol (i.e. usually sphe ⁇ cal and monodisperse having a size in the range of 0.001 to 1 ⁇ m).
- metal particles for example, gold sol
- non-metal particles for example, SiCb, carbon, latex and killed erythrocytes and bacte ⁇ a
- particles of non-colloidal dimensions have been used These particles have been more or less irregular and more or less polydisperse (for example, carbon particles ⁇ 1 ⁇ m, Pharmacia AB, WO 96/22532)
- the complex in DZ may often be detected visually or by optical measu ⁇ ng equipment (e g a CCD camera coupled to a computer with special software for image analysis or a laser scanner)
- optical measu ⁇ ng equipment e g a CCD camera coupled to a computer with special software for image analysis or a laser scanner
- Figure 2A The variant according to this figure has five separation zones (SZ) in which the ligand may be the same or different or be present in different amounts (15-19) and an AR*Z (20) for reagents.
- SZ separation zones
- AR*Z AR*Z
- IgA, IgG and IgM Free IgE and IgE complex-bound to autoantibody
- IgA, IgG and IgM may be of interest to measure. Above all, however, free IgE should be quantified correctly.
- the autoantibodies may bind to the same epitopes on IgE as the reagent antibodies (anti-IgE antibody) and this may then give rise to falsely too low total IgE levels that vary depending on the design of the test. By separating IgG, IgM and IgA before the measurement of IgE, free IgE may be detected.
- the amount of autoantibodies should also be quantified both as complexes and as free IgG antibodies directed against IgE.
- IgG When measu ⁇ ng IgG-complex bound IgE, IgG is captured to a solid phase s (corresponding to DZ) which supports covalently bound anti-IgG antibody (Capturer) By adding labelled anti-IgE antibody (R*), the amount of complex-bound IgE may be measured
- Separation membrane 1 Sheep anti-mouse IgG(Fc) (Ligand 1) was coupled to polystyrene aldehyde particles (0.29 ⁇ m diameter, IDC, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.) by mixing 1.0 mg/ml of antibodies and 20 mg/ml of polystyrene aldehyde particles in 25 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.6, at +4°C for 20 hours. The particles were washed in 20 mM borate buffer, pH 8.6, and were reacted with 15 mg of NaCNBH3 (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie, Steinheim, Germany) per 50 mg of particles for 20 hours.
- NaCNBH3 Sigma-Aldrich Chemie, Steinheim, Germany
- the particles were then washed in 20 mM borate buffer, pH 8.6, by repeated suspension, centrifugation and decanting.
- the particle suspension was diluted in 3% trehalose, 20 mM borate buffer, to 25 mg of particles/ml.
- the diluted suspension was sprayed on strips (20 cm x 3 cm) of membranes of nitrocellulose (nitrocellulose on polyester, 5 ⁇ m pore size, Whatman International Ltd, England) in two 0.3 cm wide lines which were parallel to the long sides of the strips.
- the spraying equipment (IVEK linear striper, IVEK Corporation, Vermont, U.S.A.) delivered about 50 ⁇ g of polystyrene particles/cm for each line.
- the membranes were dried at room temperature and then cut to smaller pieces (0.5 cm x 3 cm).
- Detection membrane Mouse anti-IgE monoclonal antibody (directed against domain 4 on IgE, Capturer) was diluted in 20 mM borate buffer to 1.0 mg of protein ml. The diluted antibody was sprayed on strips (20 cm x 4 cm) of membranes of nitrocellulose (the same type as above) in a 0.15 wide line (spraying equipment as above) with about 1 ⁇ g of antibodies/cm. The membranes were dried at room temperature and then cut to smaller pieces (0.5 cm x 4 cm) so that the line with antibody was parallel with a short side.
- DZ Detection membrane
- Combination membrane See Figure 3.
- the pieces were kept together on the bottom side by adhesive tape.
- On the top side were placed pieces of nitrocellulose (0.5 cm x 0.3 cm) (A100, 12 ⁇ m, Schleicher and Schull, Dassel, Germany) which somewhat overlapped two adjacent short sides. The latter pieces were kept in place by more adhesive tape.
- Carbon suspension (stock solution) 2 g of carbon particles (sp 100, Degussa, Germany) were suspended in 200 ml of 5 mM borate buffer, pH 8.4, and sonicated (VibraCell 600 W, 1.5 cm probe, Soniced Materials, Danebury, Connecticut, U.S.A.) in an ice-bath for 3 x 5 minutes at 100 % amplitude and with 9.9 + 2 seconds pulse.
- Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was added to 1 % and the particles were mixed for another 30 minutes and then washed by means of centrifugation in 1 % BSA (0.1 M borate buffer, pH 8.5, 0.05 % NaN3) and diluted to 0.8 mg carbon ml in the wash buffer.
- BSA Bovine serum albumin
- the standards (IgE) gave the same intensity on the blackening curve m both measu ⁇ ng systems
- the complexes (IgE-IgG and IgG-IgE-IgG) were detected by a strong black signal m DZ if SZ 1 was replaced by nitrocellulose without ligand If SZl contained anti-mouse IgG as ligand, no signal could be detected in DZ for the complexes
- modified membranes to interact with charged proteins was confirmed by transporting F25 ⁇ _ ⁇ a b e ⁇ e ⁇ ' proteins (bovine serum albumin, tetrasialo- and asialo-transferrin which had been labelled by the Chloramine T method) in a lateral liquid flow in strips of the sheet.
- the protein having the highest pi had the strongest tendency to migrate with the liquid flow. If the liquid in different tests contained an increasing concentration of NaCl (0-1000 mM), the migration rate was affected most for the proteins having the lowest pi. Both these function controls support the fact that positively charged groups had been introduced in the treatment with polyethylene imine, and that these groups can function as ion-exchanging groups towards protein and NaCl.
- Anti-transferrin monoclonal antibody was coupled to polystyrene-aldehyde particles (0.29 ⁇ m diameter, IDC, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.) by mixing 1.3 mg/ml antibody and 22 mg/ml polystyrene-aldehyde particles in 25 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.6, at +4°C for 18 hours. The particles were washed in 20 mM borate buffer, pH 8.4, and were reacted with 5 mg of NaCNBH 3 (Sigma- Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Steinheim, Germany) per 40 mg of particles per ml for 18 hours.
- NaCNBH 3 Sigma- Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Steinheim, Germany
- the particles were washed in 20 mM borate buffer, pH 8.6, and diluted in 20 mM borate buffer containing 6 % trehalose to 14 mg particles/ml.
- the diluted suspension was sprayed on strips (20 cm x 4 cm) of membranes of nitrocellulose (5 ⁇ m, nitrocellulose on polyester backing, Whatman International Ltd. England) in a 1.4 mm wide line in the middle of the strip and in parallel with the long side of the strip.
- the spraying equipment was the same as in Example 1 and now delivered 14 ⁇ g of polystyrene particles/cm.
- the membranes were dried at room temperature and stored in a plastic bag at +4°C.
- Combination membrane See Figure 1.
- Carbon suspension (stock solution) 2 g of carbon particles (sp 4, Degussa, Germany) were suspended in 100 ml of 5 mM borate buffer, pH 8 4, and sonicated with the same apparatus as in Example 1 in an ice-bath for 5 minutes at 100 % amplitude and 5 + 5 seconds pulse
- Serum samples 11 serum samples and 6 serum controls were diluted 1/50 in 20 mM BIS-TRIS pH 6.3 containing 0.1 % bovine gammaglobulin (Sigma, St Louis, U.S.A.), 0.1 % Tween 20, 0.1 mM Fe 3+ -citrate, 1 mM NaHC0 , and 0.05 % NaN 3 .
- the serum samples were previously analysed with regard to CDT by means of CDTect (Pharmacia & Upjohn Diagnostics AB, Uppsala, Sweden). CDTect measures CD- transferrin.
- a lateral liquid flow was initiated by placing a 0.6 cm x 0.6 cm x 0.3 cm cellulose sponge (8 in Figure 1) soaked with 20 mM BIS-TRIS buffer, pH 6.5, containing 15 mM NaCl and 0.1 % Tween 20 on the free end of the separation zone.
- the analyte (CD-transferrin) and its heteroforms (other transferrins) are attracted by positive charges firmly anchored in the zone (Ligand introduced in the PEI treatment) so that a heteroform having a greater negative charge (other transferrins) is attracted more than a heteroform having a smaller negative charge (CD-transferrin), i.e. CD- transferrins migrate easier with the liquid flow than trisialo-, tetrasialo-, pentasialo- etc transferrin.
- a sheet (4 cm x 12 cm) of cellulose (cellulose filter 54, Whatman International Ltd, England) was activated with cyano-diethyl-aminopyridine (CDAP) (Kohn and Wilchek, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 9 (1984) 285-304).
- CDAP cyano-diethyl-aminopyridine
- the activated sheet was placed in a solution of 0.1 mg/ml of Sambucus Nigra lectin (binds sialic acid which is in the terminal position of a carbon chain; Vector Laboratories Inc., Burlingame. CA, U.S.A.) in 0.1 M NaHC0 3 , pH 8.4.
- the sheet was mounted to self-adhering plastic (75 ⁇ m self-adhering polyester film; Gelman Science Inc, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A.).
- self-adhering plastic 75 ⁇ m self-adhering polyester film; Gelman Science Inc, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A.
- Membranes with detection zone and combination strip These membranes can be produced in analogy with Example 2. See also Figure 1. The ligand in SZ is now lectin.
- Tetrasialo- and asialo-transferrin and bovine albumin were labelled with 125 ⁇ (Chloramine T, labelling degree 0.08-0.13).
- the labelled proteins were diluted in 10 mM BIS-TRIS pH 6.4 containing 0.1 % Tween 20, 0.04 mM Fe 3+ -citrate and 0.05 % NaN 3 to about 0.3 ⁇ g/ml. Additionally, 0.4 mg BSA/ml was added.
- a (0.5 cm x 4 cm) strip of the separation membrane and a piece of a sucking membrane of cellulose (0.5 cm x 2 cm, GB004, Schleicher and Schuell, Dassel, Germany) were joined by tape on the underside so that their ends overlapped somewhat.
- 1 ⁇ l of the solutions of the 125j_ ⁇ a b e ⁇ ec j proteins were applied at 1 cm from the free end of a respective separation membrane.
- the lateral flow was initiated by placing a cellulose sponge (0.6 cm x 0.6 cm x 0.3 cm) on the free end of the separation membrane.
- the sponge was soaked with 20 mM TRIS-HCL buffer, pH 7.5, containing 0.5 M NaCl, 1 mM CaCl2 with 0.1 % Tween 20.
- the flow was interrupted by removing the cellulose sponge after 2, 4, 6 and 10 minutes, respectively, and the membranes were cut 2 and 3 cm from the free end of the separation membrane.
- the radioactive membrane pieces were measured in a gamma counter and the proportion of added 125j_ protein that had passed 2 and 3 cm was calculated. The values for migration of 1 cm or more is shown in Table 4.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/673,882 US6737278B1 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Ligand binding assay and kit with a separation zone for disturbing analytes |
CA2330100A CA2330100C (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Ligand binding assay and kit with a separation zone for disturbing analytes |
DE69936916T DE69936916T2 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | LIGANDEN BINDING TEST AND KIT WITH A SEPARATION ZONE FOR DISTURBING SAMPLE COMPONENTS |
JP2000549963A JP4579414B2 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Kit with ligand binding assay and inhibitory analyte separation region |
AU43036/99A AU758583B2 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Ligand binding assay and kit with a separation zone for disturbing analytes |
EP99952122A EP1075661B1 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Ligand binding assay and kit with a separation zone for disturbing sample components |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9801563A SE9801563D0 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1998-04-30 | Method of separation and kit to be used in the process |
SE9801563-9 | 1998-04-30 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/673,882 A-371-Of-International US6737278B1 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Ligand binding assay and kit with a separation zone for disturbing analytes |
US10/633,653 Division US20040023412A1 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 2003-08-05 | Ligand binding assay and kit with a separation zone for disturbing analytes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1999060402A1 true WO1999060402A1 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/SE1999/000722 WO1999060402A1 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Ligand binding assay and kit with a separation zone for disturbing analytes |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US6737278B1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1075661B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4579414B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE371189T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU758583B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2330100C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69936916T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2293736T3 (en) |
SE (1) | SE9801563D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999060402A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2330100C (en) | 2011-08-09 |
US6737278B1 (en) | 2004-05-18 |
EP1075661B1 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
US20040023412A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
ES2293736T3 (en) | 2008-03-16 |
JP2002516393A (en) | 2002-06-04 |
SE9801563D0 (en) | 1998-04-30 |
CA2330100A1 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
EP1075661A1 (en) | 2001-02-14 |
AU4303699A (en) | 1999-12-06 |
DE69936916D1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
DE69936916T2 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
EP1467210A1 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
ATE371189T1 (en) | 2007-09-15 |
AU758583B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
JP4579414B2 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
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