WO2000016814A1 - Medicinal aerosol formulation - Google Patents
Medicinal aerosol formulation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000016814A1 WO2000016814A1 PCT/US1999/021510 US9921510W WO0016814A1 WO 2000016814 A1 WO2000016814 A1 WO 2000016814A1 US 9921510 W US9921510 W US 9921510W WO 0016814 A1 WO0016814 A1 WO 0016814A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- formulation
- stabilizer
- propellant
- drug
- metered dose
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
- A61K9/008—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy comprising drug dissolved or suspended in liquid propellant for inhalation via a pressurized metered dose inhaler [MDI]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/16—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates
- A61K47/18—Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
- A61K47/183—Amino acids, e.g. glycine, EDTA or aspartame
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/20—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing sulfur, e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], docusate, sodium lauryl sulfate or aminosulfonic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/08—Bronchodilators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- This invention relates to a medicinal aerosol formulation, and more particularly, to a medicinal aerosol formulation comprising a stabilizer selected from an amino acid, a derivative thereof or a mixture of the foregoing.
- anti-cholinergic agents, proteins and polypeptides are among the drugs that are administered to the lung for such purposes.
- Such drugs are commonly administered to the lung in the form of an aerosol of particles of respirable size (less than about 10
- formulations can be prepared in solution form in order to avoid the concern for proper particle size in the formulation. Solution formulations must nevertheless be dispensed in a manner that produces particles or droplets of respirable size.
- an aerosol formulation is filled into an aerosol canister equipped with a metered dose valve.
- the formulation is dispensed via an actuator adapted to direct the dose from the valve to the patient.
- an aerosol formulation be stable such that the pressurized dose discharged from the metered dose valve is reproducible. Rapid creaming, settling, or flocculation after agitation are common sources of dose irreproducibility in suspension formulations. This is especially true where a binary aerosol formulation containing only medicament and propellant, e.g. 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane, is employed or where such formulation contains small amounts of surfactant as well. Sticking of the valve also can cause dose irreproducibility.
- aerosol formulations In order to overcome these problems aerosol formulations often contain surfactants, which serve as suspending aids to stabilize the suspension for a time sufficient to allow for reproducible dosing. Certain surfactants also function as lubricants to lubricate the valve to assure smooth actuation.
- surfactants which serve as suspending aids to stabilize the suspension for a time sufficient to allow for reproducible dosing.
- Certain surfactants also function as lubricants to lubricate the valve to assure smooth actuation.
- Myriad materials are known and disclosed for use as dispersing aids in aerosol formulations. Suitability of materials, however, is dependent on the particular drug and the propellant or class of propellant used in the formulation. It is sometimes difficult to dissolve sufficient quantities of conventional surfactants in hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) propellants such as HFC- 134a and HFC-227.
- Cosolvents such as ethanol, have been used to overcome this problem, as described in U.S. Patent NO. 5,225,183.
- novel medicinal aerosol formulations can be obtained without the use of either cosolvents, such as ethanol, or surfactants, such as sorbitan trioleate which are added to a binary aerosol formulation.
- cosolvents such as ethanol
- surfactants such as sorbitan trioleate which are added to a binary aerosol formulation.
- Stable medicinal aerosol formulations are obtained by the use of amino acids, derivatives thereof or a mixture of the foregoing.
- This invention involves a stable suspension aerosol formulation suitable for pressurized delivery which comprises (1) a particulate medicament or drug, (2) a suitable propellant, and (3) a suitable stabilizer.
- a suitable medicament or drug is one which is suitable for administration by inhalation, the inhalation being used for oral and nasal inhalation therapy.
- Therapeutic categories of drugs or medicaments include cardiovascular drugs, antiallergics, analgesics, brochodilators, antihistamines, antitussives, antifungals, antivirals, antibiotics, pain medicaments, antiinflammatories, peptides, proteins and steroids.
- medicaments or drugs include albuterol (also known as salbutamol), atropine, beclomethasone, esters of beclomethasone such as its monopropionate and dipropionate, budesonide, cromolyn, epinephrine, ephedrine, fentanyl, flunisolide, formoterol, ipratropium bromide, isoproterenol, pirbuterol, prednisolone, salmeterol, amiloride, fluticasone esters, such as phosphate,
- suitable acid addition salts include the salts obtained from inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, nitric, phosphoric and perchloric acids as well as organic acids such as tartaric, citric, acetic, succinic, maleic, fumaric and oxalic acids.
- Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable solvates include solvates with ethylactate, alkanes, ethers, alcohols and water.
- the medicament or drug is preferably micronized whereby a therapeutically effective amount or fraction (e.g., ninety percent or more) of the drug is particulate.
- the particles have a diameter of less than about 10 microns, and preferably less than about 5 microns, in order that the particles can be inhaled into the respiratory tract and/or lungs.
- the particulate medicament or drug is present in the inventive formulations in a therapeutically effective amount, that is, an amount such that the drug can be administered as an aerosol, such as topically, or via oral or nasal inhalation, and cause its desired therapeutic effect, typically preferred with one dose, or through several doses.
- the particulate drug is administered as an aerosol from a conventional valve, e.g., a metered dose valve.
- amount refers to quantity or to concentration as appropriate to the context.
- the amount of a drug that constitutes a therapeutically effective amount varies according to factors such as the potency of the particular drug, the route of administration of the formulation, and the mechanical system used to administer the formulation.
- a therapeutically effective amount of a particular drug can be selected by those of ordinary skill in the art with due consideration of such factors. Generally a therapeutically effective amount will be from about 0.005 parts by weight to about 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the propellant.
- a suitable propellant is selected.
- a suitable propellant is any fluorocarbon, e.g. a 1-4 hydrogen containing flurocarbon(, such as CHF 2 CHF , CF 3 CH 2 F, CH 2 F 2 CH 3 and CF 3 CHFCF 3) ), a perfluorocarbon, e.g. a 1-4 carbon perfluorocarbon, (such as CF 3 CF , CF 3 CF 2 CF 3 ); or any mixture of the foregoing, having a sufficient vapor pressure to render them effective as propellants.
- Some typical suitable propellants include conventional chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) propellants such as mixtures of propellants 11, 12 and 114.
- Non-CFC propellants such as 1,1,1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (Propellant 134a), 1,1,1 ,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (Propellant 227) or mixtures thereof are preferred.
- the propellant is preferably present in an amount sufficient to propel a plurality of the selected doses of drug from an aerosol canister.
- a suitable stabilizer includes (1) an amino acid selected from (a) a monoamino carboxylic acid of the formula, H N-R- COOH (I), (b) a monoamino dicarboxylic acid of the formula, H 2 N-R(COOH) 2 (II) and (c) a diamino monocarboxylic acid of the formula (H 2 N) 2 -R COOH (III), where R is a straight or branched alkyl radical of from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, which can be mono or poly-substituted with moieties such as sulfide (-S-), oxide (-O-), hydroxyl LOH), amide (-NH), sulfate (_SO4); aryl of the formula
- X is hydrogen, halogen (F, Cl, BR, I), alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxy and nitro; and heterocyclic, such as thienyl, furyl, pyranyl, imidazolyl, pyrrolyl, thizolyl, oxazolyl, pyridyl, and pyrimidinyl compounds;
- a derivative of the amino acid selected from (a) acid addition salts of the amino group, obtained from inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, nitric, phosphoric, and perchloric acids, as well as organic acids, such as tartaric, citric, acetic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, oxalic acids; (b) amides of the carboxylic acid group, e.g., glutamine, (c) esters of the carboxylic acid group obtained from aliphatic straight or branched
- Suitable amino acids of the formula I include glycin, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, isovaline, phenylalanine, tyrosine, serine, cysteine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, histidine, tryptophan, proline, and hydroxyproline, e.g. trans-4-hydroxy proline.
- Compounds of the formula II include, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid
- compounds of the formula (III) include arginine, lysine, hydroxylysine, ornithine, asparagine, and citrulline.
- An aerosol formulation preferably comprises the stabilizer in an amount effective to stabilize the formulation relative to an identical formulation not containing the stabilizer, such that the drug does not settle, cream or flocculate after agitation so quickly as to prevent reproducible dosing of the drug.
- Reproducible dosing can be achieved if the formulation retains a substantially uniform drug concentration for about two or three seconds after agitation.
- the particular amount of stabilizer that constitutes an effective amount is dependent upon the particular stabilizer, the particular propellant, and on the particular drug used in the formulation. It is therefore not practical to enumerate specific effective amounts for use with specific formulations of the invention, but such amounts can readily be determined by those skilled in the art with due consideration of the factors set forth above.
- the stabilizer can be present in a formulation in an amount from about 0.000002 percent by weight, to about 20% by weight, more preferably about 0.0002 percent to about 10% by weight, based on the weight of the formulation.
- a cosolvent such as ethanol, or surfactants.
- further components such as conventional lubricants or surfactants, cosolvents, ethanol, etc., can also be present in an aerosol formulation of the invention in suitable amounts readily determined by those skilled in the art.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,225,183 which is incorporated by reference hereinto in its entirety.
- the formulations of the invention can be prepared by combining (i) the drug in an amount sufficient to provide a plurality of therapeutically effective doses; (ii) the stabilizer in an amount effective to stabilize each of the formulations; (iii) the propellant in an amount sufficient to propel a plurality of doses from an aerosol canister; and (iv) any further optional components e.g. ethanol as a cosolvent; and dispersing the components.
- the components can be dispersed using a conventional mixer or homogenizer, by shaking, or by ultrasonic energy.
- Bulk formulation can be transferred to smaller individual aerosol vials by using valve to valve transfer methods, pressure filling or by using conventional cold-fill methods. It is not required that a stabilizer used in a suspension aerosol formulation be soluble in the propellant. Those that are not sufficiently soluble can be coated onto the drug particles in an appropriate amount and the coated particles can then be incorporated in a formulation as described above.
- Aerosol canisters equipped with conventional valves, preferably metered dose valves, can be used to deliver the formulations of the invention. It has been found, however, that selection of appropriate valve assemblies for use with aerosol formulations is dependent upon the particular stabilizer and other adjuvants used (if any), on the propellant, and on the particular drug being used.
- Conventional neoprene and buna valve rubbers used in metered dose valves for delivering conventional CFC formulations often have less than optimal valve delivery characteristics and ease of operation when used with formulations containing HFC- 134a or HFC-227. Therefore certain formulations of the invention are preferably dispensed via a valve assembly wherein the diaphragm is made of a nitrile rubber such as DB-218 (American Gasket and Rubber, Schiller Park, 111.) or an EPDM
- thermoplastic elastomeric material such as FLEXOMERTM GERS 1085 NT polyolefm (Union Carbide).
- Conventional aerosol canisters coated or uncoated, anodized or unanodized, e.g., those of aluminum, glass, stainless steel, polyethylene terephthalate, and coated canisters or cans with epon, epoxy, etc., can be used to contain a formulation of the invention.
- the formulation of the invention can be delivered to the respiratory tract and/or lung by oral inhalation in order to effect bronchodilation or in order to treat a condition susceptible of treatment by inhalation, e.g., asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- the formulations of the invention can also be delivered by nasal inhalation in order to treat, e.g., allergic rhinitis, rhinitis, (local) or diabetes (systemic), or they can be delivered via topical (e.g., buccal) administration in order to treat, e.g., angina or local infection.
- nasal inhalation e.g., allergic rhinitis, rhinitis, (local) or diabetes (systemic)
- topical (e.g., buccal) administration in order to treat, e.g., angina or local infection.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000573775A JP2002526459A (en) | 1998-09-22 | 1999-09-17 | Aerosol preparations for medical use |
EP99946974A EP1123120B1 (en) | 1998-09-22 | 1999-09-17 | Medicinal aerosol formulation |
DE69932835T DE69932835T2 (en) | 1998-09-22 | 1999-09-17 | MEDICAL AEROSOL PREPARATION |
CA2344816A CA2344816C (en) | 1998-09-22 | 1999-09-17 | Medicinal aerosol formulation |
AU59267/99A AU745554B2 (en) | 1998-09-22 | 1999-09-17 | Medicinal aerosol formulation |
MXPA01002894A MXPA01002894A (en) | 1998-09-22 | 1999-09-17 | Medicinal aerosol formulation. |
HK02103508A HK1041835A1 (en) | 1998-09-22 | 2002-05-08 | Medicinal aerosol formulation |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/158,369 | 1998-09-22 | ||
US09158369 US6136294C1 (en) | 1998-09-22 | 1998-09-22 | Amino acid stabilized medical aerosol formulation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000016814A1 true WO2000016814A1 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
Family
ID=22567809
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/021510 WO2000016814A1 (en) | 1998-09-22 | 1999-09-17 | Medicinal aerosol formulation |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6136294C1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1123120B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002526459A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100337614C (en) |
AT (2) | ATE505184T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU745554B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2344816C (en) |
CY (1) | CY1105538T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE69932835T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1123120T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2267288T3 (en) |
HK (2) | HK1041835A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA01002894A (en) |
PT (1) | PT1123120E (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000016814A1 (en) |
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US6750210B2 (en) | 2000-08-05 | 2004-06-15 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Formulation containing novel anti-inflammatory androstane derivative |
US6759398B2 (en) | 2000-08-05 | 2004-07-06 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Anti-inflammatory androstane derivative |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU5926799A (en) | 2000-04-10 |
HK1041835A1 (en) | 2002-07-26 |
DK1123120T3 (en) | 2006-10-02 |
US6136294C1 (en) | 2002-09-24 |
EP1123120A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
HK1097777A1 (en) | 2007-07-06 |
DE69943360D1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
CA2344816A1 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
EP1123120B1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
PT1123120E (en) | 2006-10-31 |
CA2344816C (en) | 2011-05-24 |
DE69932835T2 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
EP1731140A3 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
EP1731140B1 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
CY1105538T1 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
CN100337614C (en) | 2007-09-19 |
US6136294A (en) | 2000-10-24 |
CN1328473A (en) | 2001-12-26 |
AU745554B2 (en) | 2002-03-21 |
DE69932835D1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
ATE505184T1 (en) | 2011-04-15 |
ES2267288T3 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
ATE336268T1 (en) | 2006-09-15 |
EP1123120A4 (en) | 2003-07-23 |
EP1731140A2 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
MXPA01002894A (en) | 2002-06-04 |
JP2002526459A (en) | 2002-08-20 |
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