WO2000024655A1

WO2000024655A1 - Method and device for compressing a material that is conveyed in a housing

Info

Publication number: WO2000024655A1
Application number: PCT/DE1999/003366
Authority: WO
Inventors: Helmut Göldner
Original assignee: Goeldner Helmut
Priority date: 1998-10-22
Filing date: 1999-10-20
Publication date: 2000-05-04
Also published as: DE19848685A1; DE19848685B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for compressing a material that is conveyed in a housing with an inlet and an outlet. The material is guided in a flow in which an obstacle in the form of a shaped body that can move in a controlled and/or regulated manner is opposed to a resistance. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method, comprising a conveyor (2) and a housing (1) that surrounds the conveyor, whereby the housing (1) has an inlet and an outlet (4) and a shaped body (5') is arranged inside the housing (1) in such a way and configured in such a manner that it represents an obstacle, forming a resistance against a flow of conveyed material. Said device has a control and/or regulating device with which it is possible to control or regulate the movement of the shaped body (5') in the material flow. The inventive method and device enable the material thus conveyed to be compressed in a simple, flexible and reliable manner.

Description

Method and device for compressing material carried in a housing

The invention relates to a method for compacting material which is transported by means of a transport device arranged in a housing, the housing having an inlet and an outlet. The invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method, with a transport device and a housing surrounding it, which has an inlet and an outlet. In particular, the method according to the invention can be applied to a device for the treatment of contaminated materials in a treatment chamber.

In devices for the treatment of contaminated materials, for example by disinfection or sterilization by the action of temperature, it is necessary that a certain excess pressure is generated within a treatment chamber. It is advantageous if, in the case of such a device, the material to be treated can be conveyed in the treatment chamber from an inlet to an outlet. It is then also necessary to seal at least a section of a material flow that moves within the treatment chamber in such a way that the necessary excess pressure can be built up within this section.

Screw filter presses for dewatering materials such as B. sewage sludge. These have a screw conveyor which moves the material to be treated in the direction of a cone loaded by a spring. Due to the compaction thus caused, the water content is pressed through a sieve cylinder and separated. A disadvantage of this system is that the cone cannot be controlled or regulated. Because if too large parts such as stones accidentally get into the press, they can U. Build up forces that lead to damage to the system.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a generic method which allows the material to be compacted in a simple, flexible and reliable manner. Furthermore, the invention has for its object to provide an apparatus for performing this method.

The object is achieved in relation to the method by the features of claim 1. The fact that in the generic method the material is guided in a material flow to which an obstacle in the form of a shaped body opposes resistance, the shaped body being able to be moved and / or regulated, has been achieved that a sealing plug of material is formed independently can, which can be used to seal a section of the material flow in order to generate an overpressure in this section. At the same time, it can be effectively prevented that undesirably high forces build up.

The method can be used above all in a device for the treatment of contaminated materials in a treatment chamber.

In the method, the transport device can have a screw conveyor, the housing being tubular. But other transport devices, such as. B. a conveyor belt may be provided.

The molded body preferably acts at the end of the housing or near the end of the housing. The material outlet of the housing can be arranged between the molded body and the end of the housing. In this way it is possible for the outlet to be opened without the excess pressure in the partial section of the material flow being able to escape.

A second molded body can be arranged in the conveying direction behind the material inlet of the housing in order to be able to produce a second plug of material which effects the second sealing of the desired partial section of the material flow. In general, such a shaped body can be arranged at any position within the housing, for. B. also approximately in the middle of the housing.

It can be provided that the molded body can move due to the force of the material flow. The necessary counterforce can be generated by a control and / or regulatable element which can be displaced in the direction of the material flow and which builds up a higher counterforce with increasing travel of the molded body. For this element, but also generally for the molded body, z. B. hydraulic actuation may be provided.

The molded body can also be used to change the direction of the material flow. For example, the flow of material along the longitudinal axis of the Housing moved, be deflected about 90 ° to reach an outlet arranged on a bottom of the housing.

It can also be provided that the molded body can completely stop the flow of material. This is e.g. B. advantageous in a device for the treatment of contaminated materials if decontamination is to be carried out in batch operation.

The shaped body can be controlled or regulated as a function of the volume flow of the material passing through the shaped body, and also depending on the force acting on the shaped body through the material. For example, it can be ensured that the molded body dodges the force and moves in the direction of the material flow when a solidification z. B. of disinfecting or sterilizing material has taken place and consequently an undesirably high force acts on the molded body. Due to the fact that the molded body withdraws and an enlargement of a passage for the conveyed material takes place, larger solidified lumps of material can be transported out of the housing without clogging or a risk of bursting occurring. This is particularly important if the method according to the invention is used in a device for treating contaminated materials in a treatment chamber and hospital-specific waste is the contaminated material. Because in this case by plastic, as z. B. is introduced into the treatment chamber in the form of syringes, a solidification of the material to be treated take place.

If the method is used in a device for disinfecting or sterilizing contaminated materials in a treatment chamber, the movement of the shaped body in the material flow can be controlled or regulated as a function of the vapor pressure and / or the process temperature within the treatment chamber. A passage which is formed between the molded body and the housing wall can be kept small during a phase in which the necessary vapor pressure is built up and can be increased when the desired vapor pressure or the required process temperature is reached.

The object is achieved in relation to the device by the features of claim 10.

The device has a transport device and a housing with an inlet and an outlet which surrounds the transport device. The fact that within the Housing a shaped body is arranged and designed such that it represents an obstacle and thus a resistance to a material flow that is conveyed within the housing, wherein the device for moving the shaped body has a control and / or regulating device is achieved that in a simple manner an independent sealing of the material flow transported in the housing can take place, for example by forming a plug of material, and at the same time can be effectively prevented that undesirably high forces build up.

The device can in particular be a device for the treatment of contaminated materials in a treatment chamber. It can be provided that the contaminated material is disinfected or sterilized by the action of heat. In particular with such a device for the treatment of contaminated materials, the transport device preferably has a screw conveyor, which is arranged in a tubular housing.

The one or more shaped bodies are preferably adjacent to the ends of the housing, but can also be arranged at any other position of the housing as an obstacle.

Means can be provided which ensure that the moved shaped body is counteracted by a higher force, the more the shaped body has been displaced from its rest position.

The movement of the shaped body in the material flow is controlled and / or regulated by means of the control and / or regulating device. As described above, this control or regulation can take place as a function of various measured parameters. A hydraulic system with a hydraulic cylinder and a pump device can be used to move the shaped body. The molded body can also be drivable, for example, via a mechanical spindle ice system.

The molded body can be rotationally symmetrical about an axis running parallel to the material flow. For example, the molded body can have the shape of a cone that widens in the direction of the material flow.

An embodiment of the molded body as a slide is particularly advantageous when the force of the material flow in the direction of the open position of the molded body should be as small as possible and if the molded body also provides a complete one Closing the housing for the material flow should be possible. Furthermore, the molded body can be designed as a simple flap which is opened by the flow of material under the action of a counterforce.

A further possible embodiment of the shaped body can consist in that it has a curved surface, by means of which the material to be treated is deflected by approximately 90 °.

Alternatively, the molded body can also be designed as a nozzle which is arranged near the end of the housing in front of the outlet or which itself represents the outlet. It is also possible to design the molded body as a diffuser.

Furthermore, the molded body can be designed as a throttle. The molded body can have the shape of an air funnel, a liquid-filled rubber sleeve being arranged, for example, along the circumference of the preferably tubular housing. Depending on requirements, this rubber sleeve can be increased or decreased by regulating the internal pressure in order to change the passage for the material.

The molded body can also be designed as a closure with a plurality of movable segments which limit an opening of different sizes depending on the working position.

In the context of the invention it can further be provided that the molded body is designed as an impeller which is arranged at a preferably variable distance from a discharge opening of the outlet. This discharge opening can, for. B. be arranged transversely to the material flow direction. Such an impeller is particularly advantageous when solidified material is to be discharged. The impeller removes a defined amount of solidified material at the end of the housing per unit of time by moving the blades of the wheel transversely to the material being transported. By changing the distance between the impeller and the discharge opening, in addition to a variable rotational speed of the impeller, there is a possibility of regulating the removal.

A further possible embodiment of the shaped body can consist in that it is designed in the shape of a scoop, a base surface being provided with side surfaces which are arranged substantially vertically to it and run conically towards one another and which represent a bottleneck. Furthermore, a ^" motor-driven mechanism for removing solidified treated material can be provided at the outlet of the housing, in particular if the shaped body for constricting the outlet cross section, which has hooks which engage in the outlet opening and can be rotated about the longitudinal axis of the housing.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of exemplary embodiments of the device, reference being made to the figures. Each shows in partial view:

Figure 1, partial views of a device in which the shaped body has the shape of a cone;

Figure 2, partial views of a further device, in which the shaped body has the shape of a cone;

Figure 3, partial views of a device in which the molded body is designed as a slide;

Figure 4, partial views of a device in which the molded body is designed as a flap;

Figure 5, partial views of a device in which the molded body is designed so that it deflects the flow of material;

FIG. 6, partial views of a device in which the shaped body has the shape of an air funnel;

FIG. 7, partial views of a further device in which the shaped body has the shape of an air funnel;

Figure 8, partial views of a device in which the molded body is designed as a segment closure;

Figure 9, partial views of a further device in which the molded body is designed as a segment closure;

Figure 10 is a partial view of a device in which the molded body is rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the device and is provided with means for removing solidified treated material; FIG. 11, partial views of two devices in which a separate removal mechanism is provided for the treated material emerging from the device.

In the figures, the same parts are denoted by the same reference symbols. All the devices shown in the figures are intended for the treatment of contaminated, in particular infected, materials by means of disinfection or sterilization.

FIG. 1 shows a tubular housing 1 in which a transport device in the form of a screw conveyor 2 is arranged. The housing 1 represents a treatment chamber for the treatment of contaminated materials, in particular infected materials, by means of disinfection or sterilization. The screw conveyor 2 is surrounded by a heating element 3 in order to heat the material to be treated to the desired temperature.

The treatment chamber 1 has an inlet (not shown) and an outlet 4. A closure cone 5 is arranged at the outlet 4 of the treatment chamber 1 and can be moved and controlled in the longitudinal direction of the treatment chamber 1. For this purpose, the locking cone 5 has a guide rod 6 which is moved by means of a hydraulic cylinder 7.

While the outlet 4 is completely closed by the sealing cone 5 in FIG. 1a, the outlet 4 in FIG. 1b is completely open.

The closure cone 5 is adjustable such that it z. B. depending on the force of the material flow acting on it (but also a dependence on other parameters is possible) the outlet 4 opens to different degrees. In this way it is ensured that, on the one hand, the desired compression of the material to be treated takes place, as is necessary to build up the excess pressure required for disinfection or sterilization in the treatment chamber. On the other hand, it is ensured that the closure cone yields depending on the force acting on it (or another parameter), so that damage to the screw conveyor 2 or the closure cone 5 due to excessive pressure build-up does not occur and no sudden pressure relief can take place. Excessive material densification is also avoided in this way.

FIG. 2 shows a similar device, but in contrast to the device according to FIG. 1, a closure cone 5 'has a non-conical section 8 having. This non-conical section 8 engages in the screw conveyor 2, which is designed as a hollow screw. In this way, an effective guidance of the closure cone 5 'in the longitudinal direction of the treatment chamber 1 is ensured.

The treatment chamber 1 is again shown in FIG. 2a with the outlet 4 closed and in FIG. 2b with the outlet 4 open.

Figure 3 shows a treatment chamber 1, the outlet 4 can be closed by a slide 9. The slider 9 in turn has a guide rod 6 which, for. B. can be moved and controlled by means of a hydraulic cylinder 7.

The oblique arrangement of the slide 9 is particularly advantageous if the material to be treated is highly viscous. Because of the oblique arrangement, the slide 9 is easier to open when the material being treated is subjected to high forces.

While the slide 9 in FIG. 3a completely closes the outlet 4 of the treatment chamber 1, the outlet 4 in FIG. 3b is completely open.

A treatment chamber 1 is shown in FIG. 4, in which an outlet 4 can be completely closed by means of a flap 10. Here too, a differently wide opening of the outlet 4 by means of the flap 10 is possible in that the flap 10 can be moved in a controllable and controllable manner (see FIG. 4b).

Another embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in FIG. Here, the molded body is designed as a slide 11 which can be moved in the longitudinal direction of a treatment chamber 1. The slide 11 has a surface 12 facing the material to be treated, which has approximately the curvature of a quarter of a circle and thus deflects the material to be treated with the outlet 4 open (see FIG. 5b) approximately 90 ° from the longitudinal direction of the treatment chamber 1.

FIG. 6 shows a treatment chamber 1 which has a molded body 13 which has the shape of an air funnel. This is a sealing bellows which can be filled with a pressure medium via a connection 13 'and is designed such that it can close an outlet 4 of the treatment chamber 1 to different extents. A liquid is preferably used as the pressure medium in order to achieve the lowest possible compressibility of the sealing bellows 13. Three different ones Working positions of the bellows 13 are shown in FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c, the outlet 4 being completely closed by the bellows 13 in FIG. 6c.

While in the device according to FIG. 6 the sealing bellows increases from the wall of the treatment chamber 1 to its longitudinal axis in order to reduce the passage cross section of the material to be treated, a device with a similar sealing bellows 14 is shown in FIG. 7, but within a central tube 15 of the screw conveyor 2 is arranged. Reference number 14 'denotes a connection for the printing medium. FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c again show three different working positions of the closing bellows 14.

FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention with a molded body in the form of a segment closure 16. The segment closure 16 has segment flaps 17 which bear against a cone 18 in the closed position. The segment flaps 17 are, for. B. operated by means of a hydraulic cylinder 7. Depending on the angle which the segment flaps 17 take with the longitudinal direction of the treatment chamber 1, an outlet 4 of the treatment chamber 1 is opened to different degrees. While a working position of the segment closure 16 is shown in FIG. 8a, which opposes the greatest resistance to the material to be treated, but does not completely close the outlet 4, the segment closure 16 is shown fully opened in FIG. 8c.

FIG. 9 shows a treatment chamber 1 with a further embodiment of a segment closure 19 for an outlet 4. The segment closure 19 has a spreading disc 20 with flexible disc segments 21. In the conveying direction of the material to be treated, an adjusting unit 22 for the disk 20 is arranged behind the expansion disk 20. This adjustment unit 22 has two approximately semicircular components 22a and 22b, which, for. B. can be moved relative to each other by means of a hydraulic cylinder 23. Since the segment flaps 21 bear against the adjusting unit 22 when force is applied by the material to be treated, the segment flaps 21 can only bend in the direction in the conveying direction in which they are not prevented by the components 22a and 22b of the adjusting unit 22. In FIG. 9b, the two components 22a and 22b of the adjustment unit are moved towards one another to such an extent that the opening delimited by them and thus also the area of the spreading disc 20 are minimal, in which the segment flaps 21 can bend. In Figure 9c, the two components 22a and 22b of the adjusting disk 22 are shown in the maximum open position. FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the molded body 23 is a closure cone which is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of a treatment chamber 1. The sealing cone 23 has a guide pin 24 which engages in a screw conveyor 2 and a conical section 25 for closing an outlet 4 of the treatment chamber 1. A drive screw 26 is arranged in the longitudinal direction on the guide pin 24. The conical section 25 has rib-shaped scrapers 27. The closure cone 23 is preferably moved hydraulically in the longitudinal direction via a guide rod 6 in order to open the outlet 4 to different degrees. A movement mechanism with a spindle is also possible. The outlet 4 is provided with an end flange 28 to which a rubber sleeve 29 defining the outlet opening is fastened. A section 30 of the treatment chamber 1 which increases in cross section in the conveying direction of the material to be treated ensures that the material relaxes in space before it reaches the outlet 4.

The fact that the material to be treated is pressed against the drive screw 26 causes the locking cone 23 to rotate. The rotating wipers 27 exert a force on the material conveyed through the outlet 4. This is very advantageous when the material has solidified, which can be the case, for example, after the device has been idle for a long time. The rotational movement of the closure cone 23 can also be carried out by a separate drive unit.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 10 it can also be provided that the end of the guide mandrel 24 facing away from the locking cone 23 has a tip, for example is conical. In this way it is achieved that a solidified stream of material is divided with little resistance or disintegrates into fragments when it reaches the guide mandrel 24. It can further be provided that the guide mandrel 24 and the conical section 25 of the closure cone 23 can be displaced independently of one another, so that the end of the guide mandrel 24 dividing the material flow can be variably positioned in the material flow without simultaneously changing the degree of release of the outlet 4. The guide mandrel 24 and the conical section 25 can also be controlled independently of one another via different control variables.

The invention also includes the possibility of making the inclined surfaces of the section 25 curved, the angle of inclination increasing with a greater distance from the outlet 4. Such a shape of the section 25 contributes to a problem-free exit of solidified material from the outlet 4. The embodiments of the device according to the invention shown in FIGS. 5 to 10 are also designed to be controllable and regulatable. However, in principle all of the exemplary embodiments can also be designed to be exclusively controllable or regulatable.

FIG. 11 a shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which an ablation mechanism 31 is arranged at an outlet 4 of a treatment chamber 1. The ablation mechanism 31 has hooks 32 which are arranged in a circle around the outlet 4. The hooks 32 are fastened on a turntable 34 provided with a roller bearing 33, which can be rotated around the outlet 4. The slewing ring 34 is driven by a motor 35.

As can be seen in FIG. 11 b, which shows a top view of the outlet 4 with the motor 35 omitted, the hooks 32 are pivotably mounted on fixed ends 36. The pivoting movement of the hooks 32 is limited by stops 37. In the upper half of FIG. 11b the hooks 32 are each shown in the position in which they rest against the stops 37; the hooks 32 are aligned radially towards the center of the outlet 4. This orientation is maintained in the direction of rotation of the turntable 34 indicated by the arrow 38 when the hooks 39 engage with their free ends 39 in solidified treated material which emerges from the outlet 4. In the lower half of FIG. 11 b, the second half of the top view is additionally shown, but with the difference that the direction of rotation according to arrow 40 is reversed. In this direction of rotation, the hooks 32 either hang freely with their ends 39 - as shown in the lower part of FIG. 11b - or they rest on a conical shaped body (not shown) with which the outlet 4 can be closed. When this molded body releases the outlet 4 far enough, the ends of the hooks 32 rest in the direction of rotation 40 on the exiting treated material.

When the hooks 32 are rotated in the direction of rotation 38, they ensure that hardened treated material is removed by engaging it with the ends 39. Solidified treated material occurs in particular if it has a high proportion of plastic. The removal mechanism 31 prevents an uncontrolled discharge of treated material from occurring after an undesirably high pressure has built up due to the non-emerging solidified material. Furthermore, the fact that the removal mechanism loosens solidified material ensures that the material is easily removed after it has passed the outlet. Advantages of this ablation mechanism 31 over the ablation principle shown in FIG. 10, which is based on a rotation of the rib-shaped wipers 27 together with the locking cone 23 driven by the drive screw 26, are as follows: The ablation mechanism of the device according to FIG greater flexibility with regard to the removal process is made possible. Furthermore, it follows from the complete separation of the removal means from the shaped body that the closed function of the shaped body is in no way restricted, ie that the outlet 4 can always be completely closed. In the device according to FIG. 10, this is only possible by appropriately dimensioning the wipers 27. In the device according to FIGS. 11a and 11b, when the outlet 4 is completely closed - as mentioned above - the hooks 32 rest on the conical shaped body.

FIG. 11 c shows a top view of a similar device as shown in FIGS. 11 a and 11 b. The device according to FIG. 11 c differs from that according to FIGS. 11 a and 11 b essentially only in that hooks 41 are provided, which in the

Contrary to the hook 32 not pivotable, but radially displaceable on one

Slewing ring 34 are arranged. FIG. 11c shows the one with the reference number 41

Hook shown both in the position in which it engages in the material to be treated, as well as - dashed - in a position in which it allows the material to be treated to pass unhindered or the outlet 4, so that a conical shaped body can close it unhindered . The hooks 41 of the device according to FIG. 11c are also driven by a separate drive, and a mechanism for the radial displacement of the hooks 41 is also provided. The device according to FIG. 11c has the same advantages as the device according to FIGS. 11a and 11b.

Although the removal mechanisms according to FIG. 11 are particularly suitable for a device whose outlet is closed by a conical shaped body, the removal mechanisms can also be used in other embodiments of the invention according to the invention.

All described embodiments of the device according to the invention are based on the following mode of operation:

Contaminated material is supplied to the treatment chamber 1 via an inlet (not shown). Through the screw conveyor 2, the material is conveyed through the treatment chamber 1 to the outlet 4. The heating element 3 is used for disinfection or sterilization of the contaminated material generates the required temperature. Liquid can optionally be supplied via a connection (not shown) of the treatment chamber 1 in order to ensure the required amount of steam. The conveying speed is designed in accordance with the residence time of the material in the treatment chamber 1 required for the treatment process.

On the inlet side, the treatment chamber can be sealed, for example, by a simple slide or a pressure lock. Continuous operation of the device is possible when using a pressure lock.

However, it can also be provided to use a controllable and / or adjustable movable molded body for sealing the treatment chamber 1 on the inlet side, which forms a passage with the wall of the treatment chamber 1, which is significantly reduced compared to the free inner diameter of the treatment chamber 1. For this purpose, a second screw conveyor can also be provided, which conveys the material from the inlet to the first shaped body in the conveying direction, that is to say the shaped body further away from the outlet 4. This second screw conveyor, together with a corresponding section of the treatment chamber 1, can be inclined obliquely upwards in the conveying direction in order to create a reservoir for the liquid portion of the contaminated material and thus to prevent its uncontrolled spreading in the treatment chamber. If two moldings are used, the device can also be operated continuously.

Claims

Claims.

1. A method for compressing material which is transported by means of a transport device arranged in a housing, the housing having an inlet and an outlet, characterized in that the material is guided in a material flow, which is an obstacle in the form of a shaped body a resistance opposed, wherein the molded body can be controlled and / or regulated moved.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is used in a device for treating contaminated materials in a treatment chamber.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transport device has a screw conveyor and the housing is tubular.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaped body experiences a counterforce by a displaceable in the direction of the material flow element which builds up a higher counterforce with increasing distance traveled by the shaped body.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molded body can be actuated hydraulically.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaped body changes the direction of the material flow.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control or regulation takes place as a function of the volume flow of the material.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control or regulation takes place as a function of the force acting on the molded body by the material.

9. The method according to claim 2 and possibly another of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control or regulation takes place as a function of the vapor pressure and / or the process temperature within the treatment chamber.

10. The device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, with a transport device (2) and a surrounding housing (1) having an inlet and an outlet (4), characterized in that within the housing (1) a molded body ( 5; 5 '; 9; 10; 11; 13; 14; 16; 19; 23) is arranged and designed in such a way that 5 it represents a resistance to the flow of material being transported, the device being a control and / or has a control device by means of which the movement of the shaped body (5; 5 '; 9; 10; 11; 13; 14; 16; 19; 23) in the material flow can be controlled or regulated.

10. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the device is a device for treating contaminated materials in a treatment chamber (1).

12. The apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the 15 transport device has a screw conveyor (2) and the housing (1) is tubular.

13. Device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the shaped body (5; 5 '; 9; 10; 11; 13; 14; 16; 19; 23) is arranged as an obstacle at the end of the housing (1) .

20th

14. Device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the shaped body (5; 5 '; 9; 10; 11; 13; 14; 16; 19; 23) can be actuated hydraulically.

25 15. Device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the shaped body has the shape of a cone (5; 5 '; 23), the cone widening in the direction of the material flow.

16. The device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the 30 molded body is designed as a slide (9).

17. The device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the shaped body is designed as a flap (10).

35 18. Device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the shaped body (11) is designed such that it deflects the flow of material.

19. Device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the shaped body has the shape of an air funnel (13; 14).

20. Device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the shaped body is designed as a segment closure (16; 19).

21. Device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the shaped body (23) about the longitudinal axis of the housing (1) is rotatable and has at least one stripper (27) which transversely exerts a force upon rotation of the shaped body (23) to the direction of conveyance of the material.

22. Device according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that at the outlet (4) is provided by a motor (35) driven removal mechanism (31) for solidified treated material, which engages in the outlet opening, around the longitudinal axis of the housing (1) has rotatable hooks (32; 41).