WO2000030070A2 - Method and apparatus for improved part-of-speech tagging - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for improved part-of-speech tagging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000030070A2 WO2000030070A2 PCT/US1999/027210 US9927210W WO0030070A2 WO 2000030070 A2 WO2000030070 A2 WO 2000030070A2 US 9927210 W US9927210 W US 9927210W WO 0030070 A2 WO0030070 A2 WO 0030070A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- speech
- taggers
- specialized
- text
- output
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/20—Natural language analysis
- G06F40/205—Parsing
- G06F40/211—Syntactic parsing, e.g. based on context-free grammar [CFG] or unification grammars
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to part-of-speech tagging of text and more particularly to the contextual part-of-speech disambiguation of words and phrases in text.
- a tagging device for identifying parts-of-speech of terms in a text comprises a first part-of-speech tagger, a set of specialized part-of-speech-taggers and an exception handler.
- the word “set” refers to a set that includes at least one member.
- the first part-of-speech tagger provides, at a first output, a part-of-speech tag for each term in the text.
- the word "term” refers to a word and optionally to a word or a phrase.
- the tagging device is operative on each word in the text, and optionally the tagger may be operative as well on phrases in the text.
- the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers has an output coupled to a device output and also has an input and provides a set of candidate part-of-speech tags for each term provided at the input to the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers.
- the exception handler coupled to the first output, provides, in response to each term in the text, a part-of-speech tag from the first output to the device output, unless the term in the text is included in an exception list. If the term in the text is included in the exception list, the term is provided to the input of the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers.
- the set of specialized part of speech taggers includes a plurality of specialized part-of-speech taggers and the tagging device further includes a selector, coupled to the output of the set of specialized part-of- speech taggers.
- the selector also has an output coupled to the device output. The selector selects a part-of-speech tag from the set of candidate part-of-speech tags using a voting procedure and provides the selected part-of-speech tag at the device output.
- at least one member of the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers is optimized for processing terms on the exception list.
- the exception list may include terms which account for a predetermined percentage of errors produced by the first part-of-speech tagger.
- the voting procedure generates a score for each unique candidate part-of-speech tag from the set of candidate part-of- speech tags based on predetermined characteristics of each specialized part-of- speech tagger in the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers. The voting procedure may select the part-of-speech tag with the highest score.
- the tagging device may further include a tokenizer, coupled to the first part-of-speech tagger, for parsing the text into a set of word tokens.
- a method for identifying parts-of-speech of terms in a text comprises: (a) using a first part-of-speech tagger to determine the part-of-speech of each term in the text; (b) identifying each term in the text which is included in an exception list; (c) providing the part-of-speech tag from step (a) as a device output for each term not included in the exception list; and (d) using a set of specialized part-of-speech taggers to determine a set of candidate part-of- speech tags for each term included in the exception list.
- the method wherein the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers includes a plurality of taggers, further includes (e) selecting a part-of-speech tag from the set of candidate part-of-speech tags using a voting procedure and (f) providing the part of speech tag selected in step (e) as the device output for each term included in the exception list
- At least one member of the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers is optimized for processing terms on the exception list
- the exception list may include terms which account for a predetermined percentage of errors produced by step (a)
- the vohng procedure generates a score for each unique candidate part-of-speech tag from the set of candidate part-of-speech tags, the score being based upon predetermined characteristics of each specialized part-of-speech tagger in the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers
- the voting procedure may select the candidate part-of-speech tag with the highest score
- the method may further include, before step (a), parsing the text into word tokens
- a digital storage medium encoded with instructions which, when loaded into a computer, may establish any of the devices previously discussed
- Fig 1 is a block diagram of a tagging device in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- Fig 2 is a block diagram showing the voting procedure utilized by the tagging device of Fig 1 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG 3 is a block diagram showing the flow of control for a method of part- of-speech tagging in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a tagging device in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- Text is input at a text input 10 and then the text is parsed into word tokens using a tokenizer 11.
- the tokenizer 11 may be one of general use in the art (for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,721,939, "Method and Apparatus for Toker ⁇ zing Text", or U.S. Patent No. 4,991,094, "Method for Language-Independent Text Tokenization using a Character Categorization", herein incorporated by reference).
- the tokenized text is then placed into a text buffer in order to be processed by the tagging device.
- a first part of speech tagger 12 processes the tokenized text.
- the first part-of-speech tagger 12 may be one of general use in the art such as Markov model, decision tree, connectionist, transformational, nearest neighbor, on-line learning, or maximum entropy.
- the first part-of-speech tagger 12 is a fast and accurate part-of-speech tagger.
- the first part-of-speech tagger 12 is a Brill transformational tagger implemented by an Abney-like finite-state automaton (FSA) (See Brill, E., "Transformation-Based Error-Driven Learning and Natural Language Processing: A Case Study in Part of Speech Tagging," Computational Linguistics 21 (4), Dec. 1995, pp. 543-565, herein incorporated by reference). Accordingly, the first part of speech tagger 12 is produced by generating Brill part-of-speech tagging transformational rules against a first part- of-speech tagged corpus of text.
- FSA Abney-like finite-state automaton
- An exception handler 13 is coupled to the first part-of-speech tagger 12. If the term being processed is not found on an exception list, the part-of-speech tag identified by the first part of speech tagger will be the output 19 of the tagging device. When the exception handler 13 encounters a term found on the exception list, the term is routed to a set of specialized part-of- speech taggers 14- 17 coupled to the exception handler 13 for further processing.
- the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers may include n members, where n can be a number greater than or equal to one. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers includes four specialized part-of-speech taggers 14-17.
- the exception list includes terms which are known to have inaccurate tagging results using the first part-of-speech tagger 12.
- the terms included in the exception list are identified by running the first part-of-speech tagger 12 against a second part-of-speech tagged corpus of text to identify the residual error of the first part-of-speech tagger 12.
- the frequency distribution of the part-of-speech tagging errors by the term associated with the errors is generated in order to identify the terms which account for the most frequently occurring errors produced by the first part-of-speech tagger 12.
- Terms which account for a predetermined percentage of the errors produced by the first part- of-speech tagger 12 are included in the exception list. In one embodiment, the predetermined percentage is 90%.
- Each specialized part-of-speech tagger is generated using the exception list described above.
- Each of the specialized part-of-speech taggers 14-17 may be one generally known in the art. As discussed above, some examples of part-of - speech taggers are the Markov model, decision tree, connectionist, transformational, nearest neighbor, on-line learning, and maximum entropy.
- the specialized part-of-speech taggers are produced by the methods appropriate to each style of tagger, however, each specialized part-of-speech tagger is trained specifically on the terms included in the exception list. Preferably, each specialized part-of-speech tagger is of a different type.
- the specialized part-of-speech taggers 14-17 are trigram, Brill transformational, memory-based learning, and maximum entropy part-of-speech taggers. If there is only one specialized part-of-speech tagger in the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers, the output of the specialized part-of-speech tagger is the device output 19 for each term in the text that is included in the exception list. As discussed above, for each term not found on the exception list, the device output 19 will be the output of the first part-of-speech tagger 12.
- each specialized part-of-speech tagger 14-17 will produce a candidate part-of-speech tag for the term being processed by the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers.
- Each candidate part- of-speech tag produced by the set of specialized part of speech taggers is provided to a selector 18.
- the selector 18 uses a voting procedure to select one of the candidate part-of-speech tags.
- Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the voting procedure according to an embodiment of the invention.
- each specialized part-of-speech tagger processes the term and identifies a candidate part-of-speech tag.
- the voting procedure creates a list of unique candidate part-of-speech tags identified by the specialized part-of-speech taggers.
- a score is then calculated for each unique candidate part-of-speech tag at block 22.
- the voting procedure uses pre-computed values of precision and recall for each specialized part-of-speech tagger to calculate a score (block 22) for each unique candidate part-of-speech tag produced by the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers.
- Precision is defined as the percentage of tokens tagged X by the part-of-speech tagger that are also tagged X in the training corpus. Recall is defined as the percentage of tokens tagged X in a training corpus that are also tagged X by the part-of-speech tagger.
- the values of precision and recall may be used to determine the score for each unique candidate part-of-speech tag at block 22.
- the score for a candidate part-of-speech tag may be calculated by adding the precision of each specialized part-of-speech tagger which produced a particular candidate part-of-speech tag to an amount equal to (1-recall) of each specialized part-of-speech tagger which produced the particular candidate part-of-speech tag.
- the candidate part-of-speech tag with the highest accumulated score is selected at block 23 as the part-of-speech tag for the term being processed by the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers.
- Table 1 shows example results for the word "that” using a set of specialized part-of-speech taggers consisting of trigram, Brill transformational, memory-based learning, and maximum entropy part-of-speech taggers.
- the candidate part-of-speech tags are defined as determiner (DT) and coordinating conjunction(CS).
- the candidate part-of-speech tag CS has the higher score and would be selected as the part-of-speech tag for the word "that".
- the output 19 of the tagging device will be the output of selector 18 for each term in the text that is found on the exception list. Otherwise, the output 19 of the tagging device will be the output of the first part- of-speech tagger 12.
- the use of the specialized part-of-speech taggers 14-17 in combination with the first part-of-speech tagger 12 improves the performance and accuracy of the first part-of-speech tagger 12. This is accomplished by training each specialized part of speech tagger 14-17 to improve the accuracy of those terms which produce the largest error rates for the first part-of-speech tagger 12.
- Figure 3 illustrates the flow of control for a method of identifying the parts-of-speech of terms in a text in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- the text input at block 30 is parsed into word tokens at block 31.
- the tokenized text is then placed in a text buffer at block 32 and processed at block 33 by a first part-of-speech tagger.
- the output at block 37 will be the part-of-speech tag produced by the first part-of-speech tagger.
- the exception list is described above with respect to Figure 1. If the term being processed is found on the exception list, the term will be processed by a set specialized part-of-speech taggers at block 35.
- the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers produce a set of candidate part-of-speech tags. If the set of specialized part of speech taggers includes only one specialized part-of-speech tagger, the output at block 37 will be the output of the specialized part-of-speech tagger as determined at block 35. If the set of specialized part-of-speech taggers includes a plurality of specialized part-of-speech taggers, a voting procedure is used at block 36 to select a part-of- speech tag from the set of candidate part-of-speech tags. The voting procedure for an embodiment of the invention is described above with respect to Figure 2. At block 37 the output for a term in the text that is found on the exception list will be the part-of-speech tag selected in step 36.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000582999A JP2002530761A (en) | 1998-11-17 | 1999-11-17 | Improved part-of-speech tagging method and apparatus |
AU37899/00A AU3789900A (en) | 1998-11-17 | 1999-11-17 | Method and apparatus for improved part-of-speech tagging |
CA002351404A CA2351404A1 (en) | 1998-11-17 | 1999-11-17 | Method and apparatus for improved part-of-speech tagging |
EP99972347A EP1131812A2 (en) | 1998-11-17 | 1999-11-17 | Method and apparatus for improved part-of-speech tagging |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10877898P | 1998-11-17 | 1998-11-17 | |
US60/108,778 | 1998-11-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000030070A2 true WO2000030070A2 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
WO2000030070A3 WO2000030070A3 (en) | 2000-09-08 |
Family
ID=22323993
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/027210 WO2000030070A2 (en) | 1998-11-17 | 1999-11-17 | Method and apparatus for improved part-of-speech tagging |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1131812A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002530761A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3789900A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2351404A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000030070A2 (en) |
Cited By (119)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001082127A1 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-11-01 | Microsoft Corporation | Language model sharing |
GB2401972A (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2004-11-24 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Identifying special word usage in a document |
US6910004B2 (en) | 2000-12-19 | 2005-06-21 | Xerox Corporation | Method and computer system for part-of-speech tagging of incomplete sentences |
US8892446B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2014-11-18 | Apple Inc. | Service orchestration for intelligent automated assistant |
US9152623B2 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2015-10-06 | Fido Labs, Inc. | Natural language processing system and method |
US9201955B1 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2015-12-01 | Google Inc. | Unambiguous noun identification |
US9262612B2 (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2016-02-16 | Apple Inc. | Device access using voice authentication |
US9300784B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2016-03-29 | Apple Inc. | System and method for emergency calls initiated by voice command |
US9330720B2 (en) | 2008-01-03 | 2016-05-03 | Apple Inc. | Methods and apparatus for altering audio output signals |
US9338493B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-05-10 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for TV user interactions |
US9368114B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-06-14 | Apple Inc. | Context-sensitive handling of interruptions |
US9430463B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2016-08-30 | Apple Inc. | Exemplar-based natural language processing |
US9483461B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2016-11-01 | Apple Inc. | Handling speech synthesis of content for multiple languages |
US9495129B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2016-11-15 | Apple Inc. | Device, method, and user interface for voice-activated navigation and browsing of a document |
US9502031B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 | 2016-11-22 | Apple Inc. | Method for supporting dynamic grammars in WFST-based ASR |
US9535906B2 (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2017-01-03 | Apple Inc. | Mobile device having human language translation capability with positional feedback |
US9576574B2 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2017-02-21 | Apple Inc. | Context-sensitive handling of interruptions by intelligent digital assistant |
US9582608B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2017-02-28 | Apple Inc. | Unified ranking with entropy-weighted information for phrase-based semantic auto-completion |
US9620104B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2017-04-11 | Apple Inc. | System and method for user-specified pronunciation of words for speech synthesis and recognition |
US9620105B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2017-04-11 | Apple Inc. | Analyzing audio input for efficient speech and music recognition |
US9626955B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2017-04-18 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent text-to-speech conversion |
US9633004B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-04-25 | Apple Inc. | Better resolution when referencing to concepts |
US9633674B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2017-04-25 | Apple Inc. | System and method for detecting errors in interactions with a voice-based digital assistant |
US9633660B2 (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2017-04-25 | Apple Inc. | User profiling for voice input processing |
US9646614B2 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2017-05-09 | Apple Inc. | Fast, language-independent method for user authentication by voice |
US9646609B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2017-05-09 | Apple Inc. | Caching apparatus for serving phonetic pronunciations |
US9668121B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2017-05-30 | Apple Inc. | Social reminders |
US9697822B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-07-04 | Apple Inc. | System and method for updating an adaptive speech recognition model |
US9697820B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2017-07-04 | Apple Inc. | Unit-selection text-to-speech synthesis using concatenation-sensitive neural networks |
US9711141B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2017-07-18 | Apple Inc. | Disambiguating heteronyms in speech synthesis |
US9715875B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-07-25 | Apple Inc. | Reducing the need for manual start/end-pointing and trigger phrases |
US9721566B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2017-08-01 | Apple Inc. | Competing devices responding to voice triggers |
US9734193B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-08-15 | Apple Inc. | Determining domain salience ranking from ambiguous words in natural speech |
US9760559B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-09-12 | Apple Inc. | Predictive text input |
US9785630B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-10-10 | Apple Inc. | Text prediction using combined word N-gram and unigram language models |
US9798393B2 (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2017-10-24 | Apple Inc. | Text correction processing |
US9818400B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2017-11-14 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for discovering trending terms in speech requests |
US9842101B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-12-12 | Apple Inc. | Predictive conversion of language input |
US9842105B2 (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2017-12-12 | Apple Inc. | Parsimonious continuous-space phrase representations for natural language processing |
US9858925B2 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2018-01-02 | Apple Inc. | Using context information to facilitate processing of commands in a virtual assistant |
US9865280B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-01-09 | Apple Inc. | Structured dictation using intelligent automated assistants |
US9886432B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-02-06 | Apple Inc. | Parsimonious handling of word inflection via categorical stem + suffix N-gram language models |
US9886953B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2018-02-06 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant activation |
US9899019B2 (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2018-02-20 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for structured stem and suffix language models |
US9922642B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-03-20 | Apple Inc. | Training an at least partial voice command system |
US9934775B2 (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2018-04-03 | Apple Inc. | Unit-selection text-to-speech synthesis based on predicted concatenation parameters |
US9953088B2 (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2018-04-24 | Apple Inc. | Crowd sourcing information to fulfill user requests |
US9959870B2 (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2018-05-01 | Apple Inc. | Speech recognition involving a mobile device |
US9966065B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-05-08 | Apple Inc. | Multi-command single utterance input method |
US9966068B2 (en) | 2013-06-08 | 2018-05-08 | Apple Inc. | Interpreting and acting upon commands that involve sharing information with remote devices |
US9972304B2 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2018-05-15 | Apple Inc. | Privacy preserving distributed evaluation framework for embedded personalized systems |
US9971774B2 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2018-05-15 | Apple Inc. | Voice-based media searching |
US10043516B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2018-08-07 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
US10049663B2 (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2018-08-14 | Apple, Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for media exploration |
US10049668B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2018-08-14 | Apple Inc. | Applying neural network language models to weighted finite state transducers for automatic speech recognition |
US10057736B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2018-08-21 | Apple Inc. | Active transport based notifications |
US10067938B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2018-09-04 | Apple Inc. | Multilingual word prediction |
US10074360B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-09-11 | Apple Inc. | Providing an indication of the suitability of speech recognition |
US10079014B2 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2018-09-18 | Apple Inc. | Name recognition system |
US10078631B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-09-18 | Apple Inc. | Entropy-guided text prediction using combined word and character n-gram language models |
US10083688B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2018-09-25 | Apple Inc. | Device voice control for selecting a displayed affordance |
US10089072B2 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2018-10-02 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent device arbitration and control |
US10101822B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2018-10-16 | Apple Inc. | Language input correction |
US10127220B2 (en) | 2015-06-04 | 2018-11-13 | Apple Inc. | Language identification from short strings |
US10127911B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-11-13 | Apple Inc. | Speaker identification and unsupervised speaker adaptation techniques |
US10134385B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2018-11-20 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for name pronunciation |
US10170123B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-01-01 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent assistant for home automation |
US10176167B2 (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2019-01-08 | Apple Inc. | System and method for inferring user intent from speech inputs |
US10185542B2 (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2019-01-22 | Apple Inc. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for enabling conversation persistence across two or more instances of a digital assistant |
US10186254B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2019-01-22 | Apple Inc. | Context-based endpoint detection |
US10192552B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2019-01-29 | Apple Inc. | Digital assistant providing whispered speech |
US10199051B2 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2019-02-05 | Apple Inc. | Voice trigger for a digital assistant |
US10223066B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2019-03-05 | Apple Inc. | Proactive assistance based on dialog communication between devices |
US10241752B2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2019-03-26 | Apple Inc. | Interface for a virtual digital assistant |
US10241644B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2019-03-26 | Apple Inc. | Actionable reminder entries |
US10249300B2 (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2019-04-02 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent list reading |
US10255907B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2019-04-09 | Apple Inc. | Automatic accent detection using acoustic models |
US10269345B2 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2019-04-23 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent task discovery |
US10276170B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2019-04-30 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
US10283110B2 (en) | 2009-07-02 | 2019-05-07 | Apple Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for automatic speech recognition |
US10289433B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-05-14 | Apple Inc. | Domain specific language for encoding assistant dialog |
US10297253B2 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2019-05-21 | Apple Inc. | Application integration with a digital assistant |
US10318871B2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2019-06-11 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for building an intelligent automated assistant |
US10354011B2 (en) | 2016-06-09 | 2019-07-16 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant in a home environment |
US10356243B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2019-07-16 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant aided communication with 3rd party service in a communication session |
US10366158B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2019-07-30 | Apple Inc. | Efficient word encoding for recurrent neural network language models |
US10410637B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2019-09-10 | Apple Inc. | User-specific acoustic models |
US10446143B2 (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2019-10-15 | Apple Inc. | Identification of voice inputs providing credentials |
US10446141B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2019-10-15 | Apple Inc. | Automatic speech recognition based on user feedback |
US10482874B2 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2019-11-19 | Apple Inc. | Hierarchical belief states for digital assistants |
US10490187B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2019-11-26 | Apple Inc. | Digital assistant providing automated status report |
US10496753B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2019-12-03 | Apple Inc. | Automatically adapting user interfaces for hands-free interaction |
US10509862B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2019-12-17 | Apple Inc. | Dynamic phrase expansion of language input |
US10521466B2 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2019-12-31 | Apple Inc. | Data driven natural language event detection and classification |
US10552013B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2020-02-04 | Apple Inc. | Data detection |
US10553209B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-02-04 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for hands-free notification summaries |
US10568032B2 (en) | 2007-04-03 | 2020-02-18 | Apple Inc. | Method and system for operating a multi-function portable electronic device using voice-activation |
US10567477B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2020-02-18 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant continuity |
US10592095B2 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2020-03-17 | Apple Inc. | Instantaneous speaking of content on touch devices |
US10593346B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2020-03-17 | Apple Inc. | Rank-reduced token representation for automatic speech recognition |
US10607140B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2020-03-31 | Newvaluexchange Ltd. | Apparatuses, methods and systems for a digital conversation management platform |
US10659851B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2020-05-19 | Apple Inc. | Real-time digital assistant knowledge updates |
US10671428B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2020-06-02 | Apple Inc. | Distributed personal assistant |
US10679605B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-06-09 | Apple Inc. | Hands-free list-reading by intelligent automated assistant |
US10691473B2 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2020-06-23 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant in a messaging environment |
US10706373B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2020-07-07 | Apple Inc. | Performing actions associated with task items that represent tasks to perform |
US10705794B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-07-07 | Apple Inc. | Automatically adapting user interfaces for hands-free interaction |
US10733993B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2020-08-04 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent digital assistant in a multi-tasking environment |
US10747498B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2020-08-18 | Apple Inc. | Zero latency digital assistant |
US10755703B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2020-08-25 | Apple Inc. | Offline personal assistant |
US10762293B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2020-09-01 | Apple Inc. | Using parts-of-speech tagging and named entity recognition for spelling correction |
US10791176B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2020-09-29 | Apple Inc. | Synchronization and task delegation of a digital assistant |
US10791216B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2020-09-29 | Apple Inc. | Auto-activating smart responses based on activities from remote devices |
US10810274B2 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2020-10-20 | Apple Inc. | Optimizing dialogue policy decisions for digital assistants using implicit feedback |
US10956670B2 (en) | 2018-03-03 | 2021-03-23 | Samurai Labs Sp. Z O.O. | System and method for detecting undesirable and potentially harmful online behavior |
US11010550B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2021-05-18 | Apple Inc. | Unified language modeling framework for word prediction, auto-completion and auto-correction |
US11025565B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2021-06-01 | Apple Inc. | Personalized prediction of responses for instant messaging |
US11217255B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2022-01-04 | Apple Inc. | Far-field extension for digital assistant services |
US11587559B2 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2023-02-21 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent device identification |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4661924A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1987-04-28 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Multiple-parts-of-speech disambiguating method and apparatus for machine translation system |
US5680628A (en) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-10-21 | Inso Corporation | Method and apparatus for automated search and retrieval process |
-
1999
- 1999-11-17 JP JP2000582999A patent/JP2002530761A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-11-17 EP EP99972347A patent/EP1131812A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-11-17 AU AU37899/00A patent/AU3789900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-17 CA CA002351404A patent/CA2351404A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-17 WO PCT/US1999/027210 patent/WO2000030070A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4661924A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1987-04-28 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Multiple-parts-of-speech disambiguating method and apparatus for machine translation system |
US5680628A (en) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-10-21 | Inso Corporation | Method and apparatus for automated search and retrieval process |
Cited By (167)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9646614B2 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2017-05-09 | Apple Inc. | Fast, language-independent method for user authentication by voice |
WO2001082127A1 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-11-01 | Microsoft Corporation | Language model sharing |
US7895031B2 (en) | 2000-04-25 | 2011-02-22 | Microsoft Corporation | Language model sharing |
US6910004B2 (en) | 2000-12-19 | 2005-06-21 | Xerox Corporation | Method and computer system for part-of-speech tagging of incomplete sentences |
GB2401972A (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2004-11-24 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Identifying special word usage in a document |
US7269544B2 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2007-09-11 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | System and method for identifying special word usage in a document |
US10318871B2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2019-06-11 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for building an intelligent automated assistant |
US8930191B2 (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2015-01-06 | Apple Inc. | Paraphrasing of user requests and results by automated digital assistant |
US8942986B2 (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2015-01-27 | Apple Inc. | Determining user intent based on ontologies of domains |
US9117447B2 (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2015-08-25 | Apple Inc. | Using event alert text as input to an automated assistant |
US10568032B2 (en) | 2007-04-03 | 2020-02-18 | Apple Inc. | Method and system for operating a multi-function portable electronic device using voice-activation |
US10381016B2 (en) | 2008-01-03 | 2019-08-13 | Apple Inc. | Methods and apparatus for altering audio output signals |
US9330720B2 (en) | 2008-01-03 | 2016-05-03 | Apple Inc. | Methods and apparatus for altering audio output signals |
US9865248B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2018-01-09 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent text-to-speech conversion |
US9626955B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2017-04-18 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent text-to-speech conversion |
US10108612B2 (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2018-10-23 | Apple Inc. | Mobile device having human language translation capability with positional feedback |
US9535906B2 (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2017-01-03 | Apple Inc. | Mobile device having human language translation capability with positional feedback |
US9959870B2 (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2018-05-01 | Apple Inc. | Speech recognition involving a mobile device |
US10475446B2 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2019-11-12 | Apple Inc. | Using context information to facilitate processing of commands in a virtual assistant |
US10795541B2 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2020-10-06 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent organization of tasks items |
US11080012B2 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2021-08-03 | Apple Inc. | Interface for a virtual digital assistant |
US9858925B2 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2018-01-02 | Apple Inc. | Using context information to facilitate processing of commands in a virtual assistant |
US10283110B2 (en) | 2009-07-02 | 2019-05-07 | Apple Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for automatic speech recognition |
US9318108B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2016-04-19 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
US10276170B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2019-04-30 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
US8892446B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2014-11-18 | Apple Inc. | Service orchestration for intelligent automated assistant |
US8903716B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2014-12-02 | Apple Inc. | Personalized vocabulary for digital assistant |
US10553209B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-02-04 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for hands-free notification summaries |
US10679605B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-06-09 | Apple Inc. | Hands-free list-reading by intelligent automated assistant |
US10706841B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-07-07 | Apple Inc. | Task flow identification based on user intent |
US9548050B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2017-01-17 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
US10705794B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-07-07 | Apple Inc. | Automatically adapting user interfaces for hands-free interaction |
US10496753B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2019-12-03 | Apple Inc. | Automatically adapting user interfaces for hands-free interaction |
US11423886B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2022-08-23 | Apple Inc. | Task flow identification based on user intent |
US11410053B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2022-08-09 | Newvaluexchange Ltd. | Apparatuses, methods and systems for a digital conversation management platform |
US10984326B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2021-04-20 | Newvaluexchange Ltd. | Apparatuses, methods and systems for a digital conversation management platform |
US10607140B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2020-03-31 | Newvaluexchange Ltd. | Apparatuses, methods and systems for a digital conversation management platform |
US10607141B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2020-03-31 | Newvaluexchange Ltd. | Apparatuses, methods and systems for a digital conversation management platform |
US10984327B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2021-04-20 | New Valuexchange Ltd. | Apparatuses, methods and systems for a digital conversation management platform |
US9633660B2 (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2017-04-25 | Apple Inc. | User profiling for voice input processing |
US10049675B2 (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2018-08-14 | Apple Inc. | User profiling for voice input processing |
US9201955B1 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2015-12-01 | Google Inc. | Unambiguous noun identification |
US10762293B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2020-09-01 | Apple Inc. | Using parts-of-speech tagging and named entity recognition for spelling correction |
US10102359B2 (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2018-10-16 | Apple Inc. | Device access using voice authentication |
US9262612B2 (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2016-02-16 | Apple Inc. | Device access using voice authentication |
US10706373B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2020-07-07 | Apple Inc. | Performing actions associated with task items that represent tasks to perform |
US11120372B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2021-09-14 | Apple Inc. | Performing actions associated with task items that represent tasks to perform |
US10241644B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2019-03-26 | Apple Inc. | Actionable reminder entries |
US10057736B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2018-08-21 | Apple Inc. | Active transport based notifications |
US9798393B2 (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2017-10-24 | Apple Inc. | Text correction processing |
US10241752B2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2019-03-26 | Apple Inc. | Interface for a virtual digital assistant |
US10134385B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2018-11-20 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for name pronunciation |
US9483461B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2016-11-01 | Apple Inc. | Handling speech synthesis of content for multiple languages |
US9953088B2 (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2018-04-24 | Apple Inc. | Crowd sourcing information to fulfill user requests |
US10079014B2 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2018-09-18 | Apple Inc. | Name recognition system |
US9495129B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2016-11-15 | Apple Inc. | Device, method, and user interface for voice-activated navigation and browsing of a document |
US9576574B2 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2017-02-21 | Apple Inc. | Context-sensitive handling of interruptions by intelligent digital assistant |
US9971774B2 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2018-05-15 | Apple Inc. | Voice-based media searching |
US9152623B2 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2015-10-06 | Fido Labs, Inc. | Natural language processing system and method |
US10199051B2 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2019-02-05 | Apple Inc. | Voice trigger for a digital assistant |
US10978090B2 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2021-04-13 | Apple Inc. | Voice trigger for a digital assistant |
US9368114B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-06-14 | Apple Inc. | Context-sensitive handling of interruptions |
US9922642B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-03-20 | Apple Inc. | Training an at least partial voice command system |
US9697822B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-07-04 | Apple Inc. | System and method for updating an adaptive speech recognition model |
US9620104B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2017-04-11 | Apple Inc. | System and method for user-specified pronunciation of words for speech synthesis and recognition |
US9582608B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2017-02-28 | Apple Inc. | Unified ranking with entropy-weighted information for phrase-based semantic auto-completion |
US9633674B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2017-04-25 | Apple Inc. | System and method for detecting errors in interactions with a voice-based digital assistant |
US9966060B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2018-05-08 | Apple Inc. | System and method for user-specified pronunciation of words for speech synthesis and recognition |
US9966068B2 (en) | 2013-06-08 | 2018-05-08 | Apple Inc. | Interpreting and acting upon commands that involve sharing information with remote devices |
US10657961B2 (en) | 2013-06-08 | 2020-05-19 | Apple Inc. | Interpreting and acting upon commands that involve sharing information with remote devices |
US10185542B2 (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2019-01-22 | Apple Inc. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for enabling conversation persistence across two or more instances of a digital assistant |
US10176167B2 (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2019-01-08 | Apple Inc. | System and method for inferring user intent from speech inputs |
US9300784B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2016-03-29 | Apple Inc. | System and method for emergency calls initiated by voice command |
US10791216B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2020-09-29 | Apple Inc. | Auto-activating smart responses based on activities from remote devices |
US9620105B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2017-04-11 | Apple Inc. | Analyzing audio input for efficient speech and music recognition |
US10592095B2 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2020-03-17 | Apple Inc. | Instantaneous speaking of content on touch devices |
US9502031B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 | 2016-11-22 | Apple Inc. | Method for supporting dynamic grammars in WFST-based ASR |
US9760559B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-09-12 | Apple Inc. | Predictive text input |
US10497365B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-12-03 | Apple Inc. | Multi-command single utterance input method |
US9966065B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-05-08 | Apple Inc. | Multi-command single utterance input method |
US9842101B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-12-12 | Apple Inc. | Predictive conversion of language input |
US9785630B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-10-10 | Apple Inc. | Text prediction using combined word N-gram and unigram language models |
US10169329B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-01-01 | Apple Inc. | Exemplar-based natural language processing |
US10170123B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-01-01 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent assistant for home automation |
US9430463B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2016-08-30 | Apple Inc. | Exemplar-based natural language processing |
US10083690B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-09-25 | Apple Inc. | Better resolution when referencing to concepts |
US11257504B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2022-02-22 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent assistant for home automation |
US11133008B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2021-09-28 | Apple Inc. | Reducing the need for manual start/end-pointing and trigger phrases |
US10078631B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-09-18 | Apple Inc. | Entropy-guided text prediction using combined word and character n-gram language models |
US9633004B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-04-25 | Apple Inc. | Better resolution when referencing to concepts |
US9734193B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-08-15 | Apple Inc. | Determining domain salience ranking from ambiguous words in natural speech |
US10289433B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-05-14 | Apple Inc. | Domain specific language for encoding assistant dialog |
US9715875B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-07-25 | Apple Inc. | Reducing the need for manual start/end-pointing and trigger phrases |
US10904611B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2021-01-26 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for TV user interactions |
US9338493B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-05-10 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for TV user interactions |
US9668024B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2017-05-30 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for TV user interactions |
US10659851B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2020-05-19 | Apple Inc. | Real-time digital assistant knowledge updates |
US10446141B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2019-10-15 | Apple Inc. | Automatic speech recognition based on user feedback |
US10431204B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2019-10-01 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for discovering trending terms in speech requests |
US9818400B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2017-11-14 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for discovering trending terms in speech requests |
US10074360B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-09-11 | Apple Inc. | Providing an indication of the suitability of speech recognition |
US10127911B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-11-13 | Apple Inc. | Speaker identification and unsupervised speaker adaptation techniques |
US9646609B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2017-05-09 | Apple Inc. | Caching apparatus for serving phonetic pronunciations |
US9986419B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-05-29 | Apple Inc. | Social reminders |
US9886432B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-02-06 | Apple Inc. | Parsimonious handling of word inflection via categorical stem + suffix N-gram language models |
US9668121B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2017-05-30 | Apple Inc. | Social reminders |
US10552013B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2020-02-04 | Apple Inc. | Data detection |
US11556230B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2023-01-17 | Apple Inc. | Data detection |
US9711141B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2017-07-18 | Apple Inc. | Disambiguating heteronyms in speech synthesis |
US9865280B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-01-09 | Apple Inc. | Structured dictation using intelligent automated assistants |
US9886953B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2018-02-06 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant activation |
US9721566B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2017-08-01 | Apple Inc. | Competing devices responding to voice triggers |
US10311871B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2019-06-04 | Apple Inc. | Competing devices responding to voice triggers |
US11087759B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2021-08-10 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant activation |
US10567477B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2020-02-18 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant continuity |
US9899019B2 (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2018-02-20 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for structured stem and suffix language models |
US9842105B2 (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2017-12-12 | Apple Inc. | Parsimonious continuous-space phrase representations for natural language processing |
US10083688B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2018-09-25 | Apple Inc. | Device voice control for selecting a displayed affordance |
US10127220B2 (en) | 2015-06-04 | 2018-11-13 | Apple Inc. | Language identification from short strings |
US10101822B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2018-10-16 | Apple Inc. | Language input correction |
US10356243B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2019-07-16 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant aided communication with 3rd party service in a communication session |
US11025565B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2021-06-01 | Apple Inc. | Personalized prediction of responses for instant messaging |
US10255907B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2019-04-09 | Apple Inc. | Automatic accent detection using acoustic models |
US10186254B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2019-01-22 | Apple Inc. | Context-based endpoint detection |
US10747498B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2020-08-18 | Apple Inc. | Zero latency digital assistant |
US11500672B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2022-11-15 | Apple Inc. | Distributed personal assistant |
US10671428B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2020-06-02 | Apple Inc. | Distributed personal assistant |
US9697820B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2017-07-04 | Apple Inc. | Unit-selection text-to-speech synthesis using concatenation-sensitive neural networks |
US11010550B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2021-05-18 | Apple Inc. | Unified language modeling framework for word prediction, auto-completion and auto-correction |
US10366158B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2019-07-30 | Apple Inc. | Efficient word encoding for recurrent neural network language models |
US11587559B2 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2023-02-21 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent device identification |
US10691473B2 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2020-06-23 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant in a messaging environment |
US11526368B2 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2022-12-13 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant in a messaging environment |
US10049668B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2018-08-14 | Apple Inc. | Applying neural network language models to weighted finite state transducers for automatic speech recognition |
US10223066B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2019-03-05 | Apple Inc. | Proactive assistance based on dialog communication between devices |
US10446143B2 (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2019-10-15 | Apple Inc. | Identification of voice inputs providing credentials |
US9934775B2 (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2018-04-03 | Apple Inc. | Unit-selection text-to-speech synthesis based on predicted concatenation parameters |
US9972304B2 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2018-05-15 | Apple Inc. | Privacy preserving distributed evaluation framework for embedded personalized systems |
US10249300B2 (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2019-04-02 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent list reading |
US10049663B2 (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2018-08-14 | Apple, Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for media exploration |
US11069347B2 (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2021-07-20 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for media exploration |
US10354011B2 (en) | 2016-06-09 | 2019-07-16 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant in a home environment |
US10733993B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2020-08-04 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent digital assistant in a multi-tasking environment |
US11037565B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2021-06-15 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent digital assistant in a multi-tasking environment |
US10490187B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2019-11-26 | Apple Inc. | Digital assistant providing automated status report |
US10192552B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2019-01-29 | Apple Inc. | Digital assistant providing whispered speech |
US10509862B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2019-12-17 | Apple Inc. | Dynamic phrase expansion of language input |
US10067938B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2018-09-04 | Apple Inc. | Multilingual word prediction |
US10297253B2 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2019-05-21 | Apple Inc. | Application integration with a digital assistant |
US10521466B2 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2019-12-31 | Apple Inc. | Data driven natural language event detection and classification |
US10089072B2 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2018-10-02 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent device arbitration and control |
US10269345B2 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2019-04-23 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent task discovery |
US11152002B2 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2021-10-19 | Apple Inc. | Application integration with a digital assistant |
US10043516B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2018-08-07 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
US10553215B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2020-02-04 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
US10593346B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2020-03-17 | Apple Inc. | Rank-reduced token representation for automatic speech recognition |
US10755703B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2020-08-25 | Apple Inc. | Offline personal assistant |
US10791176B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2020-09-29 | Apple Inc. | Synchronization and task delegation of a digital assistant |
US10410637B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2019-09-10 | Apple Inc. | User-specific acoustic models |
US11405466B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2022-08-02 | Apple Inc. | Synchronization and task delegation of a digital assistant |
US10810274B2 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2020-10-20 | Apple Inc. | Optimizing dialogue policy decisions for digital assistants using implicit feedback |
US10482874B2 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2019-11-19 | Apple Inc. | Hierarchical belief states for digital assistants |
US11217255B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2022-01-04 | Apple Inc. | Far-field extension for digital assistant services |
US10956670B2 (en) | 2018-03-03 | 2021-03-23 | Samurai Labs Sp. Z O.O. | System and method for detecting undesirable and potentially harmful online behavior |
US11507745B2 (en) | 2018-03-03 | 2022-11-22 | Samurai Labs Sp. Z O.O. | System and method for detecting undesirable and potentially harmful online behavior |
US11151318B2 (en) | 2018-03-03 | 2021-10-19 | SAMURAI LABS sp. z. o.o. | System and method for detecting undesirable and potentially harmful online behavior |
US11663403B2 (en) | 2018-03-03 | 2023-05-30 | Samurai Labs Sp. Z O.O. | System and method for detecting undesirable and potentially harmful online behavior |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1131812A2 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
WO2000030070A3 (en) | 2000-09-08 |
AU3789900A (en) | 2000-06-05 |
CA2351404A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
JP2002530761A (en) | 2002-09-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1131812A2 (en) | Method and apparatus for improved part-of-speech tagging | |
Sawaf et al. | Statistical classification methods for Arabic news articles | |
US5890103A (en) | Method and apparatus for improved tokenization of natural language text | |
US5680628A (en) | Method and apparatus for automated search and retrieval process | |
Bikel et al. | An algorithm that learns what's in a name | |
Brown et al. | Analysis, statistical transfer, and synthesis in machine translation | |
US6721697B1 (en) | Method and system for reducing lexical ambiguity | |
US7552051B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for mapping multiword expressions to identifiers using finite-state networks | |
KR20050007547A (en) | Recognizing words and their parts of speech in one or more natural languages | |
WO1997004405A9 (en) | Method and apparatus for automated search and retrieval processing | |
Hakkinen et al. | N-gram and decision tree based language identification for written words | |
KR100481598B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for analyzing compounded morpheme | |
US7346511B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for recognizing multiword expressions | |
Argamon-Engelson et al. | A memory-based approach to learning shallow natural language patterns | |
Srinivas et al. | An approach to robust partial parsing and evaluation metrics | |
Tseng et al. | Design of Chinese morphological analyzer | |
Palmer et al. | Robust information extraction from automatically generated speech transcriptions | |
Cardie et al. | The role of lexicalization and pruning for base noun phrase grammars | |
Brants | Estimating HMM topologies | |
Eineborg et al. | ILP in part-of-speech tagging—an overview | |
JPH07175808A (en) | Natural language processor | |
Qin et al. | Automatic segmentation and tagging of Hanzi text using a hybrid algorithm | |
Kempe | Part-of-speech tagging with two sequential transducers | |
Brill et al. | A hidden tag model for language | |
EP1429257B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for recognizing multiword expressions |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AU CA JP |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AU CA JP |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase in: |
Ref document number: 2351404 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2351404 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 2000 582999 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 37899/00 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1999972347 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1999972347 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1999972347 Country of ref document: EP |