WO2000037468A1 - DIBENZO[a,g]QUINOLIZINIUM DERIVATIVES AND THE SALTS THEREOF - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivative and the salts thereof of formula (I) which specifically inhibits the sterol 14-reductase which is involved in the distal pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, and the use of the compound of formula (I) for treating hypercholesterolaemia or hyperlipidaemia, wherein R?1, R2, R3, R4¿, X and 2 are defined in the claims.

Description

DIBENZO[a,g]QUINOLIZINIUM DERIVATIVES AND THE SALTS THEREOF

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivatives and the salts thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a-g]quinolizinium derivatives and the salts thereof which specifically inhibit sterol 14-reductase which is involved in the distal pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, and thus exert cholesterol biosynthesis inhibiting effect. The present invention also relates to the use of 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]- quinolizinium derivatives and the salts thereof which are represented by formula (I) as set forth below for treating hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidaemia.

BACKGROUND ART

Cholesterol is an important vital constituent of cell membrane in mammal and is involved in cell division, growth, development and control of differentiation, and also is a precursor of various essential metabolites (for example, steroid hormones, bile acids). However, it may cause hyperlipidaemia which leads to atherosclerosis if its intake or production within the body is excess. Hyperlipidaemia leads to cardiovascular disease which is a leading cause of death in humans. It is usually caused when cholesterol or triglyceride exceeds a proper level (i.e., total cholesterol level for adults at the age of between 30 and 40 is about 200 mg/dl), and then, is deposited to the inner wall of an artery to form atheroma plaques, thereby blood flow being inhibited which causes cardiac failure or cerebral stroke. Cholesterol is synthesized mainly in the liver in mammals and the synthetic pathway thereof is started from acetyl-CoA and is completed after at least 32 steps of enzymatic reactions. Cholesterol biosynthesis which occurs in mammal can be summarized according to the enzyme reaction patterns in which each intermediate is formed as in the following reaction scheme 1.

Reaction Scheme 1

I _π Acetate(C2) -^»- Mevalonate (C6) ^ Squalene (C30)

HI IV »^► Lanosterol (C30) »► Cholesterol (C27)

In the above reaction scheme, steps I and II undergo polymerization, and steps II and III undergo cyclization. In step IN, transformation, demethylation, isomerization or reduction of steroid ring is proceeded. Cholesterol biosynthesis is carefully controlled by the multi-step regulation, i.e., the so-called multivalent coordinate regulation. For example, 3-β-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) is the main rate-limiting enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis. It reduces HMG-CoA synthesized from acetyl-CoA during the early stage of the biosynthetic pathway starting from acetate (C2) to mevalonate (C6) and is inhibited in vivo by the final product, cholesterol. More specifically, the activity of this enzyme is controlled by dietary cholesterol, oxysteroids and mevalonate derivatives in a feed-back inhibition manner. For the past decade, the lipid-lowering agents have been developed based on their inhibiting activities against this enzyme. Most of currently marketed therapeutic agents for hyperlipidaemia which have been developed based on such mechanism include, for example, statins such as lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, and cerivastatin. However, if cholesterol biosynthesis is suppressed by inhibiting the activity of HMG-CoA reductase which is the rate limiting enzyme at the early stage of cholesterol biosynthesis, there may be many side effects that the synthesis of many important biomolecules such as dolicol, isopentenyl pyrophosphate, haem A, and ubiquinone which are also derived from mevalonate are suppressed together.

Therefore, it may be advantageous to block cholesterol biosynthesis at a step distal to HMG-CoA reductase in order to prevent depletion of such essential intermediates.

Accordingly, recent researches have been focused on the development of new type of therapeutic agents for hyperlipidaemia which can effectively block only the post-squalene steps without interfering HMG-CoA reductase activity. For example, the activation mechanisms of the distal enzymes responsible for the post- squalene pathway in the cholesterol biosynthesis which comprises the sequence of 'squalene → lanosterol → zymosterol → desmosterol → cholesterol' have been studied, and some attempts to screen and develop a drug which can specifically inhibit the activity of the target enzyme responsible for the distal pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, have been made. Especially, based on the inhibitory activity of squalene epoxidase responsible for the pathway of 'squalene → lanosterol', a benzylamine series compound, NB598 has been developed by Banyu Pharmaceutical Co. of Japan; Squalenestatin I has been developed by the researchers of Glaxo Wellcome Limited, a British company on the basis of its inhibition of squalene synthase which is responsible for the synthesis of squalene from farnesyl pyrophosphate. RPR107393 has been developed as a potent squalene synthase inhibitor by researchers at Rhone-Poulenc, France. Further, Taton et al. have reported MDL 28,815 having 8-azadecaline ring based on the inhibition of 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase responsible for the cyclization reaction in which squalene epoxide is converted into methylsterol (See, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1986, 138, 764-70). These NB598, Squalenestatin I, RPR107393 and MDL 28,815 which inhibit the activities of enzymes responsible for the post- mevalonate pathway in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway have a merit that they can selectively inhibit the cholesterol biosynthesis without effecting on the production of other important intermediates which are derived from mevalonate, differently from the drugs that target HMG-CoA reductase responsible for the early stage of cholesterol biosynthesis.

However, these agents have not yet been commercialized as therapeutic agents for hyperlipidaemia.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present inventors have conducted an extensive research for many years in order to develop a novel class of cholesterol biosynthetic inhibitor which specifically inhibits the enzyme involved in the step of 'lanosterol → cholesterol'.

As a result, the inventors have surprisingly discovered that 5,6-dihydrodibenzo-

[a,g]quinolizinium derivatives and the salts thereof which are represented by formula (I) as set forth hereinafter strongly inhibit the activity of sterol 14-reductase which catalyzes the reduction of 4,4-dimethyl-8,14-dien-3β-ol and thus have completed the present invention.

Based on this findings, it was possible to provide a cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor which comprises 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivatives and the salts thereof which are represented by formula (I) as the main component which specifically inhibits the sterol 14-reductase in the distal pathway of the cholesterol biosynthesis.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide 5,6- dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivatives or the salts thereof which are represented by formula (I) as set forth below.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor which comprises 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivatives and the salts thereof which are represented by formula (I).

Further object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for treating hyperlipidaemia which comprises 5,6-dihydro- dibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivatives and the salts thereof which are represented by formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating hyperlipidaemia by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis, especially inhibiting sterol 14-reductase with the above pharmaceutical composition.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent through reading the remainder of the specification.

The foregoing has outlined some of the more pertinent objects of the present invention. These objects should be construed to be merely illustrative of some of the more pertinent features and applications of the invention. Many other beneficial results can be obtained by applying the disclosed invention in a different manner or modifying the invention within the scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, other objects and a more thorough understanding of the invention may be had by referring to the detailed description of the preferred embodiment in addition to the scope of the invention defined by the Claims.

Hereinbelow, the application will be illustrated in more detail.

5,6-Dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivatives and the salts thereof according to the present invention have the similar chemical structure to the coridaline-series alkaloids in the form of quaternary ammonium salt which are major active components of Corydalis Turtschaninowii Besser. Corydalis Turtschaninowii Besser is an annual plant widely distributed in the mountains and fields of Korea and has been used in the prescription of sedative agent or hemostatic agent in herbal medicine. This coridaline in the form of a quaternary ammonium salt has been known to have a week sedative action and a strong gastric juice secretion action, and UK Patent No. 1,265,627 and German Patent No. 2,043,218 disclose its use as an anti-ulcer agent.

The inventors of the present invention have discovered the novel compound of the present invention in the course of screening new cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor.

This discovery was fully supported by a screening method for the activity of sterol 14-reductase that was established by the inventors since the inventors have started the research for a new drug.

The detailed screening method will be explained in detail in the working examples. Thus, the principle thereof will be briefly explained below.

That is, sterol 14-reductase is one of the main regulatory enzymes for lanosterol → cholesterol pathway and is responsible for reduction of the double bond formed when a methyl group attached to the carbon at 14-position of lanosterol is demethylated. First, a screening system for sterol 14-reductase was constructed in which 4,4-dimethyl-5α-cholesta-7,14-dien-3β-ol is used as a substrate and then, the effect on the activity of sterol 14-reductase was investigated in the screening system. It is possible to obtain the correlation that a substance inhibiting the activity of sterol 14-reductase inhibits cholesterol biosynthesis by comparing the results obtained from the screening tests with those of the actual animal experiments. Dibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivative for the purpose of the present invention can be represented by the formula (I) below.

wherein, R¹ and R² which may be the same or different from each other, represent a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons or R¹ and R² together represent a methylenedioxy group;

R³ represents a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons; R⁴ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbons, or an alkenyl group having 3 to 8 carbons;

X represents inorganic acid ion, organic acid ion or halide, more particularly, nitrate, sulfate, acetate, tartrate, maleate, succinate, citrate, fumarate, aspartate, salicylate, glycerate, ascorbate, fluoride, chloride, iodide or bromide,

Z represents an alkyl group having 5 to 12 carbon, or an alkenyl group having 4 to 6 carbon, a N-benzotriazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a furyl group, a substituted furyl group, or a group represented by the formula

wherein Z¹, Z², Z³, Z⁴ and Z⁵ which may be the same or different from each other, represent a hydrogen atom, halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbons, a trifluoromethyl group, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, a nitro group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons, a methylenedioxy group, a trifluoro-methoxy group, a hydroxy group, a benzyloxy group, a phenoxy group, a vinyl group, a benzenesulfonylmethyl group or a methoxycarbonyl group; and

A and B which may be the same or different from each other, represent carbon or nitrogen.

The cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor according to the present invention, especially 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivatives or the salts thereof as the inhibitor of sterol 14-reductase can preferably be represented by Table 1 below:

Table 1

The compounds represented by the formula (I) according to the present invention can be synthesized starting from the compound of formula (II) below according to the reaction scheme 2 described below.

Reaction Scheme 2

Acetonylation Alkylation

wherein, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, X and Z are the same as defined in the compound of formula (I) above.

In the first step of the reaction scheme, 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinoli- zinium salt of formula (II) is reacted with acetone in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide to give 8-acetonyl-5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizine compound of the formula (III).

In the second step, 8-acetonyl-5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizine compound and alkyl halide (R⁴-X) are reacted at 50 ~ 100 °C in a polar solvent such as acetonitrile or a non-polar solvent such as toluene to give 13-alkyl-5,6- dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salt of formula (IN).

The third step of the above reaction scheme involves the cleavage reaction of 2,3-methylenedioxy ring or deprotection reaction of 2,3-dimethoxy group in which the compound of formula (IN) is reacted with Lewis acid such as anhydrous aluminum chloride at 80 ~ 160 °C and then subjected to hydrolysis reaction with a dilute acid. According to the reaction conditions, 13-alkyl-2,3-dihydroxy compound may be produced as a major product along with 2,3,9-trihydroxy-, or 2,3,9, 10-tetrahydroxy compound and these compounds can be separated by recrystallization or column chromatography. However, it may be possible to use the compound in the fourth step reaction without further separation process.

The fourth step involves a reaction in which the compound of formula (N) obtained from the previous step is selectively alkylated at 2,3-positions with an alkylating reagent such as dimethyl sulfate or iodomethane or reacted with dibromomethane to give 13-alkyl-9-hyα^oxy-5,6-dihyc odibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salt of formula (NI) wherein a methylenedioxy ring is introduced. In the fifth reaction step, the compound of formula (NI) thus obtained is reacted with electrophiles (ZCH₂-X) to give 9-substituted 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]- quinolizinium salt.

The compound of formula (IN) used in preparing the compound of formula

(I) may also be synthesized under the different reaction condition according to the reaction scheme 3 below.

Reaction Scheme 3

Reduction Alkylation

wherein, R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and X are the same as defined in the compound of formula (I) above.

According to the reaction scheme 3, 1.0 mol of 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]- quinolizinium salt of the formula (II) is reacted with 1.0 to 3.0 mol of ΝaBH₄ and 2.0 to 4.0 mol of potassium carbonate in an alcoholic solvent to give a compound of the formula (VH) and the compound thus obtained is then reacted with 1.0 to 3.0 mol of electrophiles (R⁴-X) in an organic solvent to give 13-alkyl-dibenzo- [a,g] quinolizinium salt of the formula (VIII). Compound (VIII) is then oxidized withN-chlorosuccin imide (NCS) or N-bromosuccin imide to give 13-substituted 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salt of the formula (IN).

In addition, the compound of formula (I) may also be synthesized under the different reaction condition according to the reaction scheme 4 below.

Reaction Scheme 4

wherein, R¹, R², R³, R⁴ , X and Z are the same as defined in the compound of formula (I) above.

According to the reaction scheme 4, 1.0 mol of the compound of the formula

(IN) is subjected to pyrolysis in the presence of a non-polar solvent such as decaline or in the absence of a solvent at a high temperature of 100 to 300 °C to give a compound of the formula (NI) and the compound thus obtained is then reacted with 1.0 to 2.0 mol of electrophiles (ZCH₂-X) to give 9-substituted 5,6- dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salt of the formula (I).

9-Substituted 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salt of the formula (I) may be transformed into various salts such as halide, sulfate, nitrate, acetate, cinnamate, tinate, tannate, maleate, succinate, citrate, fumarate or fatty acid salt, etc. on the basis of the salts used in the purification process of the reaction scheme 5 described below.

Reaction Scheme 5

Acetonylation

wherein, R¹, R², R³ , It , X and Z are the same as defined in the compound of formula (I) above; and Y represent halide, sulfate, nitrate, acetate, tinnate, tannate, maleate, succinate, citrate, fumarate, or fatty acid salt ion.

In the above reaction scheme, substituted 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]- quinolizinium salt of the formula (I) is reacted with acetone in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide to give 8-acetonyl-5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]- quinolizine compound of the formula (IX) and the compound thus obtained is reacted with a suitable inorganic acid, organic acid or fatty acid to give various 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]-quinolizinium compounds of formula (X).

Among 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]-quinolizinium salts of formula (I), the compound wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and X each represents a methoxy group, a methoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and chloride, and Z represents 4-(tert-butyl)phenyl; the compound wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and X each represents a methoxy group, a methoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and chloride, and Z represents 4-pentafluorophenyl; the compound wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and X each represents a methoxy group, a methoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and chloride, and Z represents 4-trifluoromethylphenyl; and the compound wherein R'-R², R³, R⁴ and X each represents a methylenedioxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and iodide, and Z represents 4-trifluoromethylphenyl are preferred in an aspect of the pharmaceutical efficacy.

The compound of formula (I) markedly inhibits the cholesterol biosynthesis in the cultured human liver cell culture (HepG2 cell line). In order to investigate the effect of the compound of formula (I) of the invention, the compound was orally administered into male Syrian Golden Hamsters having weights of 90 - 11 Og for two weeks and blood was then taken from each animal. Plasma lipids, i.e., total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were analyzed using an automatic analyzer (Automatic analyzer model Hitachi 7150). As the results, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were significantly decreased while HDL-cholesterol value was not significantly changed. In addition, the compound resulted in decrease in a certain degree in the glucose value within the serum.

The compound of formula (I) may be formulated into a pharmaceutical composition with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or carriers. Especially, the composition can desirably be used as the therapeutic agents for treating hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidaemia by inhibiting sterol 14-reductase. The composition may be formulated into a tablet, a syrup or an injection formulation, and thus, can be administered orally or parenterally. An effective dose will vary depending upon the kind of the excipients or carriers within the range for treating hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidaemia with a dose of 0.1 ~ 50 mg/kg/day of active ingredient being preferable in case of oral administration. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention will be described in greater detail by way of the following examples and synthetic examples. The examples are provided for the purpose of illustration only and should not be construed as limiting the invention which is properly delineated in the Claims.

Synthetic Examples

Hereinbelow, synthetic examples for the derivative of the compounds represented by the above formula (I) will be described.

Example 1: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-dodecoxy-l 3- ethyl-10-methoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 1)

10G of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-9, 10-dimethoxy- 13-ethyl- benzo[g]quinolizinium chloride and lOg of aluminum chloride were suspended in 70 ml of dichloromethane and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. A 15% hydrochloric acid solution was added to the mixture and the precipitate produced was filtered, washed and dried to give 9g of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzo[a]-l 3- ethyl-9-hydroxy-10-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride as a light orange crystal.

10G of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9-hydroxy-10- methoxybenzo[g]quinoliz-nium chloride were suspended in 150 ml of water and 20 g of a 50% sodium hydroxide solution and 20 ml of dimethylsulfate were added thereto. After the mixture was stirred for 5 hours, a 15% hydrochloric acid solution was added to adjust pH to neutral. The precipitate thus produced was filtered to give 8g of 5,6-dJ-hydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9-hydroxy-10- methoxybenzo-[g]quinolizinium chloride as a light brown crystal.

1 G of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-9-hydroxy-l 0-methoxy- benzo[g]quinolizinium chloride, 0.45g of sodium iodide, and 0.41g of potassium carbonate were dissolved in 10 ml of acetonitrile. After 0.7g of dodecyl bromide was then added thereto, the mixture was refluxed for 8 hours. Undissolved byproducts were filtered off and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue was then dissolved in chloroform and washed with 10 ml of water. The solution was dried over magnesium sulfate to remove water and the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of chloroform/methanol (15: 1) to give 0.24 g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 150 °C).

'H-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ : 0.87(t, J= 6.9Hz, 3H), 1.26(m, 12H), 1.50(m, 4H), 1.68(t, J= 7.2Hz, 3H), 1.98(m, 4H), 3.35(m, 2H), 3.41(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H),

4.00(s, 3H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.50(t, J = 6.9Hz, 2H), 5.10(m, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H),

7.29(s, 1H), 8.01(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 8.13(d, J= 9.3Hz, 2H), 10.00(s, 1H)

Example 2; Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-[4-(tert- butyl)benzyloxy]- 13-ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 2)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.6g of 4-(tert- butyl)benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.47g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 102 °C).

'H-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.29(s, 9H), 1.69(t, J= 7.2Hz, 3H), 3.20(m, 2H), 3.39(m, 2H), 3.94(s, 3H), 3.99(s, 3H), 4.11(s, 3H), 4.98(m, 2H), 5.53(s, 2H), 6.95(s, 1H), 7.23(s, 1H), 7.42(d, J = 8.1Hz, 2H), 7.64(d, J= 8.1Hz, 2H), 8.04(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 8.87(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 10.00(s, 1H) Example 3: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- memo-^-9-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro)berj^loxyber-zo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 3)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.7g of 2,3,4,5,6- pentafluorobenzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.80g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 72 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.67(t, J= 7.8Hz, 3H), 3.37(m, 2H), 3.42(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 1H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.08(s, 3H), 5.06(m, 2H), 5.86(s, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.28(s, 1H), 7.92(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 8.04(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 10.12(s, 1H).

Example 4: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-9-[4- fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy]-l 0-methoxybenzo[g]- quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 4)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.68g of 4-fluoro-2- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.76g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 210 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.68(t, J= 6.6Hz, 3H), 3.28(m, 2H), 3.41(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.05(s, 3H), 5.05(m, 2H), 5.77(s, 2H), 6.94(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.40(m, 1H), 7.46(m, 1H), 7.97(d, 1H, J=9.3Hz), 8.04(d, J = 9.3Hz, 1H), 8.50(m, 1H), 10.06(s, 1H).

Example 5: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(4,5- dimethoxy-2-nitro)benzyloxy-13-ethyl-10-methoxybenzo[g]- quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 5) The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.75g of 4,5-dimethoxy- 2-nitrobenzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.36g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 100 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHZ, CDC1₃) δ 1.60(t, J= 7.2Hz, 3H), 3.21(m, 2H), 3.39(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 3.98(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.13(s, 3H), 4.22(s, 3H), 5.18(m, 2H), 5.79(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.22(s, 1H), 7.43(s, 1H), 7.69(s, 1H), 7.91(d, J= 9.0Hz, lH), 8.00(d, J= 9.0Hz, 1H), 10.36(s, 1H).

Example 6: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxyberιzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- methoxy-9-(4-methyl-3-nitro)benzyloxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 6)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.5 lg of 4-methyl-3- nitrobenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.38g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 85 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.70(t, J= 6.9Hz, 3H), 2.62(s, 3H), 3.27(m, 2H),

3.38(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.14(s, 3H), 5.01(m, 2H), 5.78(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.45(d, J = 7.8Hz, 1H), 7.92(d, J= 9.6Hz,

1H), 8.00(d, J = 9.6Hz, 1H), 8.24(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 8.33(m, 1H), 10.30(s,

1H)

Example 7; Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- methoxy-9-(2-methoxy-5-nitro)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 7)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.67g of 2-methoxy-5- nitrobenzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.55g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 175 °C). Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.69(t, J= 6.3Hz, 3H), 3.31(m, 2H), 3.42(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.07(s, 3H), 4.08(s, 3H), 5.13(m, 2H), 5.74(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.92(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 8.02(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 8.25(d,J= 2.7Hz, 1H), 8.27(d, J= 3.0Hz, 1H), 8.54(d, J= 3.0Hz, 1H), 10.09(s, 1H)

Example 8: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- methoxy-9-(4-vinyl)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 8)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.41 g of 4-vinylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.33g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 82 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.69(t, J= 6.8Hz, 3H), 3.29(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.12(s, 3H), 5.01(m, 2H), 5.40(m, 2H), 5.68(s,

2H), 6.72(m, 1H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 2H), 7.38(m, 4H), 7.94(d, J = 9.3Hz, 1H), 7.99(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 10.00(s, 1H).

Example 9: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- methoxy-9-(4-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 9)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.65g of 4- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.72g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 115 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.66(t, J= 7.5Hz, 3H), 3.27(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.10(s, 3H), 5.08(m, 2H), 5.79(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.66(d, J= 9.3Hz, 2H), 7.88(d, J= 9.3Hz, 2H), 7.97(d, J= 7.8Hz, 1H), 8.03(d, J= 7.8Hz, 1H), 10.24(s, 1H) Example 10: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(2-chloro-4- fluro)benzyloxy- 13-ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 10)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.49g of 2-chloro-4- fluorobenzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.19g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 76 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.61(t, J= 6.3Hz, 3H), 3.3 l(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.12(s, 3H), 4.91(m, 2H), 5.76(s, 2H), 6.99(s, 1H), 7.22(s, 1H), 7.34(m, 3H), 7.99(d, J = 9.3Hz, 1H), 8.08(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 9.79(s, 1H)

Example 11: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- methoxy-9-(3-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 1 1)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.65g of 3- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.42g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 117 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.66(t, J= 6.8Hz, 3H), 3.34(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.10(s, 3H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.80(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.60(m, 3H), 7.92(d, J = 9.6Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J= 9.6Hz, 1H),

8.18(d, J= 6.9Hz, 1H), 10.23(s, 1H)

Example 12: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- memoxy-9-(3-methoxy)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 12) The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.42g of 3- methoxybenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.54g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 70 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.67(t, J= 6.8Hz, 3H), 3.21(m, 2H), 3.39(m, 2H), 3.87(s, 3H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.11(s, 3H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.61(m, 2H), 6.99(s, 1H), 7.24(s, 1H), 7.27(m, 4H), 7.95(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J= 9.3Hz, 1H), 10.10(s, 1H).

Example 13: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- methoxy-9-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy- benzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 13)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.84g of 2,3,5,6- tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.48g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 85 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.69(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.30(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.07(s, 3H), 5.10(m, 2H), 5.96(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.91(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.05(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.21(s, 1H)

Example 14: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(4- benzyloxy)-benzyloxy- 13-ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 14)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.63g of 4- benzyloxybenzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.55g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 71 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.63(t, J=7.3Hz, 3H), 3.41(m, 4H), 3.96(s, 3H), 3.99(s, 3H), 4.03(s, 3H), 5.02(m, 2H), 5.59(s, 2H), 5.60(s, 2H), 6.87(s, 1H), 7.02(m, 2H), 7.35(m, 6H), 7.72(m, 2H), 7.93(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.98(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.89(s, 1H)

Example 15: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(2,5- dimethyl)benzyloxy- 13 -ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 15)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.42g of 2,5- dimethylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.54g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 72 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.68(t, J=6.3Hz, 3H), 2.40(m, 6H), 3.42(m, 4H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.10(s, 3H), 4.96(m, 2H), 5.70(s, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.13(m, 3H), 7.48(s, 1H), 7.95(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.02(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H),

9.88(s, 1H)

Example 16: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- methoxy-9-(4-phenyl)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 16)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.55g of 4-phenylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.5 lg of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 83 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.65(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.26(m, 2H), 3.36(m, 2H),

3.95(s, 3H), 3.99(s, 3H), 4.13(s, 3H), 5.04(m, 2H), 5.71(s, 2H), 6.90(s, 1H),

7.24(s, 1H), 7.37(d, J=7.2Hz, 2H), 7.41(d, J=7.5Hz, 2H), 7.46(d,

J=7.2Hz, 2H), 7.58(d, J=7.5Hz, 2H), 7.86(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.99(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.09(s, 1H) Example 17: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(6-chloro- pyridine-3-yl)methoxy-l 3-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g]quinoli-zinium chloride (Compound No. 17)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.45g of 3-chloromethyl- 6-chloropyridine was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.28g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 114 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ 1.67(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.26(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.12(s, 3H), 5.13(m, 2H), 5.78(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.42(d, J=8.4Hz, 1H), 7.91(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.52(m, 1H), 8.66(m, 1H), 10.35(s, 1H)

Example 18: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(3-chloro)- benzyloxy- 13 -ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo [g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 18)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.45g of 3-chlorobenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.53g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 165 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.66(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.30(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.11(s, 3H), 5.06(m, 2H), 5.70(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.38(m, 4H), 7.92(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.3Hz,

1H), 10.17(s, 1H)

Example 19: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(4- bromo)benzyloxy-l 3-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 19) The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.69g of 4-bromobenzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.17g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 186 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.66(t, J=7.8Hz, 3H), 3.22(m, 2H), 3.37(m, 2H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.09(s, 3H), 5.04(m, 2H), 5.66(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.35(d, J=8.4Hz, 2H), 7.71(d, J=8.4Hz, 2H), 7.88(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.01(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 10.13(s, 1H)

Example 20: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(2-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 20)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.65g of 2- trifluoromethyl benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.66g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 72 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ 1.66(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 3.3 l(m, 2H), 3.39(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.04(s, 3H), 5.06(m, 2H), 5.82(s, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.72(m, 3H), 7.94(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.01(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H),

8.39(d, J=7.2Hz, 1H), 10.03(s, 1H)

Example 21: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(3-phenoxy)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 21)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.60g of 3- phenoxybenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.40g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 76 °C). -NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ: 1.66(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.27(m, 2H), 3.37(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.03(s, 3H), 5.09(m, 2H), 5.67(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 6.99(s, 1H), 7.01(m, 2H), 7.30(m, 6H), 7.62(m, 1H), 7.90(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.98(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.10(s, 1H)

Example 22: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- memoxy-9-(4-met_hoxy)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 22)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.43g of 4- methoxybenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.84g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 75 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.68(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 3.33(m, 2H), 3.42(m, 2H), 3.93(s, 3H), 3.94(s, 3H), 4.08(s, 3H), 5.23(m, 2H), 5.73(s, 2H), 6.80(s, 1H),

6.95(s, 1H), 7.24(d, J=8.9Hz, 2H), 7.39(d, J=8.7Hz, 2H), 7.89(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.97(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.00(s, 1H)

Example 23: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(2-chloro-6- fluoro)benzyloxy-l 3-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 23)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.5g of 2-chloro-6- fluorobenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.54g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 92 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.66(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 3.46(m, 4H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.12(s, 3H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.75(s, 2H), 6.99(s, 1H), 7.11(s, 1H), 7.28(m, 3H), 7.99(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.08(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.74(s, 1H) Example 24: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(2-methyl-3-nitro)benzyloxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 24)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.5 lg of 2-methyl-3- nitrobenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.45g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 131 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.68(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 2.72(s, 3H), 3.35(m, 2H), 3.56(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.09(s, 3H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.85(s,

2H), 6.90(s, 1H), 7.44(d, J=8.4Hz, 1H), 7.79(d, J=7.5Hz, 1H),

7.92(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.03(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.42(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H), 10.04(s,

1H)

Example 25: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(5-methyl-2-nitro)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 25)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.5 lg of 5-methyl-2- nitrobenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.75g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 98 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.67(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 2.60(s, 3H), 3.27(m, 2H), 3.42(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.02(s, 3H), 5.19(m, 2H), 5.91(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.93(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.01(d, J=9.3Hz,

1H), 8.03(m, 1H), 8.22(m, 1H), 10.23(s, 1H)

Example 26: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- memoxy-9-allyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 26) The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.2 lg of allyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.30g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 91 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.67(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.21(m, 2H), 3.43(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.08(s, 3H), 5.11(m, 3H), 5.30(d, 1H, J=8.4Hz), 5.50(d, J=15.7Hz, 1H), 6.39(m, 1H), 6.95(s, 1H), 7.26(s, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.94(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, 1H), 10.14(s, 1H)

Example 27: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(3,4- dimethyl)benzyloxy- 13 -ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 27)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.43g of 3,4- dimethylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.62g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 167 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.68(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 2.20(m. 6H), 3.20(m, 2H), 3.42(m, 2H), 3.94(s, 3H), 4.08(s, 3H), 4.12(s, 3H), 5.16(m, 2H), 5.59(s, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.21(m, 4H), 7.94(m, 2H), 9.99(s, 1H)

Example 28: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(2,4- dimethyl)benzyloxy- 13 -ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 28)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.43g of 2,4- dimethylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.59g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 87 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ: 1.68(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 2.36(m, 6H), 3.25(m, 2H), 3.45(m, 2H), 3.93(s, 3H), 4.07(s, 3H), 4.10(s, 3H), 5.20(m, 2H), 5.72(s, 2H), 6.96(s, 1H), 7.07(m, 3H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.88(q, J=9.3Hz, 2H), 9.81(s, 1H)

Example 29: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(lH-benzo- triazol- 1 -yl)methoxy- 13 -ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo [g] -quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 29)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.46g of 1-chloromethyl- IH-benzotriazole was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.65g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 89 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.68(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.18(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.90(m, 2H), 5.80(s, 2H), 6.90(s, 1H), 7.09(s, 1H), 7.41(m, 2H), 7.67(m, 1H), 7.84(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.01(d,

J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.06(m, 1H), 8.35(d, J=8.7Hz, 1H), 10.95(s, 1H)

Example 30: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9-[4- (t-propyl)benzyloxy]-l 0-methoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 30)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.46g of 4-i- propylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.40g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 85 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.23(s, 3H), 1.26(s, 3H), 1.65(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H),

2.92(m, 1H), 3.29(m, 2H), 3.37(m, 2H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.12(s,

3H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.62(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.27(m, 2H),

7.69(d, J=8.1Hz, 2H), 7.93(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.99(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.98(s, 1H) Example 31: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(4-methyl)benzyloxybenzo [g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 31 )

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.38g of 4-methylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.45g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 87 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.65(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 2.35(s, 3H), 3.28(m, 2H), 3.37(m, 2H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.12(s, 3H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.61(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.21(s, 1H), 7.25(d, J=5.7Hz, 2H), 7.64(d, J=7.5Hz, 2H), 7.93(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.98(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.95(s, 1H)

Example 32: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(3 -methyl)benzyloxybenzo [g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 32)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.38g of 3-methylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.38g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 76 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.66(t, J=7.8Hz, 3H), 2.41(s, 3H), 3.30(m, 2H), 3.52(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.13(s, 3H), 5.01(m, 2H), 5.62(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.29(m, 2H), 7.58(m, 2H), 7.93(d,

J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.97(s, 1H)

Example 33: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(2-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No . 33 ) The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.38g of 2- trifluoromethylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.42g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 85 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.68(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 2.58(s, 3H), 3.40(m, 4H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.09(s, 3H), 4.90(m, 2H), 5.69(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.24(s, 1H), 7.26(m, 2H), 7.79(m, 2H), 7.94(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.01(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.80(s, 1H)

Example 34: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(3-bromo)- benzyloxy- 13-ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 34)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.68g of 3-bromobenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.52g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 95 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.60(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.31(m, 2H), 3.52(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.1 l(s, 3H), 5.06(m, 2H), 5.69(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.32(m, 2H), 7.49(m, 1H), 7.88(m, 1H), 7.92(d, J=9.3Hz,

1H), 8.00(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.15(s, 1H)

Example 35: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(3,5- dimethoxy)benzyloxy-l 3-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 35)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.5 lg of 3,5- dimethoxybenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.26g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 135 °C). Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ 1.68(t, J=7.8Hz, 3H), 3.25(m, 2H), 3.36(m, 2H), 3.84(s, 6H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.1 l(s, 3H), 5.04(m, 2H), 5.56(s, 2H), 6.42(s, 1H), 6.92(s, 1H), 6.97(d, J=2.4Hz, 2H), 7.24(s, 1H), 7.95(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.11(s, 1H)

Example 36: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(quinolin-2-yl)methoxybenzo [g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 36)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.58g of 2-chloromethyl quinoline was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.46g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 104 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.68(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.27(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 3.97(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.09(s, 3H), 5.10(m, 2H), 5.96(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H),

7.25(s, 1H), 7.56(m, 2H), 7.73(m, 2H), 7.94(m, 2H), 8.19(d, J=8.4Hz, 1H), 8.35(d, J=8.4Hz, 1H), 10.23(s, 1H)

Example 37: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(3 ,4, 5 -trimethoxy)benzyloxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 37)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.59g of 3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.60g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 110 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.68(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.18(m, 2H), 3.41(m, 2H), 3.84(s, 3H), 3.87(s, 3H), 3.95(s, 3H), 3.95(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.14(s, 3H), 5.10(m, 2H), 5.61(s, 2H), 6.61(s, 1H), 6.90(s, 1H), 7.16(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.99(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 10.21(s, 1H) Example 38: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-[4-(phenylsulfonylmethyl)benzyloxy]benzo[g]- quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 38)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.89g of 1 -bromomethyl- 2-[(phenylsulfonylmethyl)benzene was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.68g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 100 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.67(t, J=7.8Hz, 3H), 3.28(m, 2H), 3.41(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 3.99(s, 3H), 4.26(s, 3H), 4.96(m, 4H), 5.67(s, 2H), 6.88(s, 1H), 7.03(s, 1H), 7.29(m, 2H), 7.44(m, 4H), 7.47(m, 2H), 7.61(m, 2H), 7.98(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.08(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.17(d, J=6.6Hz, 1H), 10.00(s, 1H)

Example 39: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-10- methoxy-9-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 39)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.56g of 2-bromomethyl- 5-nitrofuran was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.18g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 85 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.69(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 3.26(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.18(s, 3H), 5.13(m, 2H), 5.80(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.31(d, J=3.6Hz, 1H), 7.46(d, J=3.6Hz, 1H), 7.94(d,

J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.03(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 10.30(s, 1H)

Example 40: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(6-chloro)- piperonyloxy-13-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 40) The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.56g of 6- chloropiperonyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.75g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 105 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.70(t, J=7.8Hz, 3H), 3.38(m, 4H), 3.96(s, 3H), 3.99(s, 3H), 4.11(s, 3H), 4.82(m, 2H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.59(s, 2H), 6.95(s, 1H), 7.26(s, lH), 7.42(s, 1H), 7.51(s, 1H), 7.95(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.09(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.89(s, 1H)

Example 41: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(2-methyl)propenoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 41)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.25g of 3-chloro-2- methylpropene was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.46g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 195 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ: 1.68(t, J=7.8Hz, 3H), 2.01(s, 3H), 3.39(m, 4H),

3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.08(s, 3H), 5.05(m, 4H), 5.40(m, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.91(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.98(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.01(s, 1H)

Example 42: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(4-trifluoromemo-^)berizyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 42)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.69g of 4- trifluoromethoxy benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.49g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 103 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.63(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.25(m, 2H), 3.46(m, 2H), 3.94(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.11(s, 3H), 5.24(m, 2H), 5.76(s, 2H), 6.84(s, 1H), 7.24(s, 1H), 7.25(d, J=9.6Hz, 2H), 7.29(d, J=9.6Hz, 2H), 7.93(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.96(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.54(s, 1H)

Example 43: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9-(2- iodo)benzyloxy- 10-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 43)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.68g of 2-iodobenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.50g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 110 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.60(t, J=8.3Hz, 3H), 3.35(m, 2H), 3.50(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.11(s, 3H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.65(s, 2H), 6.94(s, 1H), 7.07(m, 2H), 7.47(m, 2H), 7.96(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.02(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H),

10.00(s, 1H)

Example 44: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-[(3-trimethylsilyl)propen-2-yl]oxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 44)

The process of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.44g of 2-chloromethyl- 3-trimethylsilyl-l-propene was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.59g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 195 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) <5: 1.63(t, J=7.8Hz, 3H), 3.32(m, 2H), 3.41(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.08(s, 3H), 5.05(m, 6H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.90(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.98(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.01(s, 1H)

Example 45: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-9- dodecoxy-13-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 45)

10G of 5,6-dmydro-2,3-rriethylenedioxybenzo[a]-9,10-dimethoxy-13- ethylbenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride was subjected to pyrolysis under nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 180 °C and then dissolved in methanol. Undissolved by-products were filtered off and the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of methanol /dichloromethane (10:1) to give 6g of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-13- ethyl-9-oxy-l 0-methoxy- benzo[g]quinolizinium salts as an orange crystal.

1G of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9-oxy-10- methoxy-benzo[g] quinolizinium, 0.43g of sodium iodide, and 0.39g of potassium carbonate were dissolved in 10 ml of acetonitrile. After 0.7 lg of dodecyl bromide was added thereto, the mixture was refluxed for 10 hours. Undissolved by-products were filtered off and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue was then dissolved in chloroform and washed with 10 ml of water. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate to remove water and concentrated. The residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of chloroform/methanol ( 15 : 1 ) to give 0.40 g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 175 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHZ, CDC1₃) δ : 0.88(t, J=6.9Hz, 3H), 1.28(m, 12H), 1.53(m, 4H), 1.69(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 1.98(m, 4H), 3.35(m, 2H), 3.41(m, 2H), 4.41(s, 3H), 4.50(t, J=6.9Hz, 2H), 5.10(m, 2H), 6.12(s, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.30(s,

1H), 8.00(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.14(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.01(s, 1H)

Example 46: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-9-[(4-tert- butyl)benzyloxy]- 13 -ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 46) The process of Example 45 was repeated except that 0.65g of 4-(tert- buryl)benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.82g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 155 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.29(s, 9H), 1.69(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 3.22(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 4.11(s, 3H), 4.98(m, 2H), 5.53(s, 2H), 6.15(s, 2H), 6.97(s, 1H), 7.21(s, 1H), 7.44(d, J=8.1Hz, 2H), 7.65(d, J=8.1Hz, 2H), 8.05(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.88(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.02(s, 1H)

Example 47: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-

10-methoxy-9-(2, 3,4,5, 6-pentaf uoro)benzyloxybenzo[g]- quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 47)

The process of Example 45 was repeated except that 0.75g of 2,3,4,5,6- pentafluorobenzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.92g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 112 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ 1.69(t, J=7.8Hz, 3H), 3.38(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 4.10(s, 3H), 5.06(m, 2H), 5.86(s, 2H), 6.12(s, 2H), 6.94(s, 1H), 7.29(s, 1H), 7.93(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.04(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.10(s, 1H)

Example 48: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-9-(4,5- dimethoxy-2-nitro)benzyloxy-l 3-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g]- quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 48)

The process of Example 45 was repeated except that 0.79g of 4,5- dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.49g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 132 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.61(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 3.20(m, 2H), 3.39(m, 2H), 3.98(s, 3H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.22(s, 3H), 5.18(m, 2H), 5.79(s, 2H), 6.13(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.23(s, 1H), 7.44(s, 1H), 7.70(s, 1H), 7.90(d, J=9.0Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.0Hz, 1H), 10.31(s, 1H)

Example 49: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl- 10-methoxy-9-(4-memyl-3-nitro)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 49)

The process of Example 45 was repeated except that 0.53g of 4-methyl-3- nitrobenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.50g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 1 15 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.67(t, J=6.9Hz, 3H), 2.61(s, 3H), 3.26(m, 2H), 3.35(m, 2H), 4.14(s, 3H), 5.01(m, 2H), 5.78(s, 2H), 6.13(s, 2H), 6.90(s, 1H), 7.23(s, 1H), 7.44(d, J=7.8Hz, 1H), 7.92(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H),

8.00(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.24(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.35(m, 1H), 10.18(s, 1H)

Example 50: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl- 10-memoxy-9-(4-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy benzo[g]quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 50)

The process of Example 45 was repeated except that 0.68g of 4- trifluoromethyl benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.75g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 142 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ. 1.67(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.24(m, 2H), 3.37(m, 2H), 4.10(s, 3H), 5.08(m, 2H), 5.79(s, 2H), 6.15(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.64(d, J=9.3Hz, 2H), 7.86(d, J=9.3Hz, 2H), 7.98(d, J=7.8Hz, 1H), 8.03(d, J=7.8Hz, 1H), 10.16(s, 1H) Example 51 : Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl- 10-methoxy-9-(3 -trifluoromethyl)benzyloxybenzo [g] quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 51)

The process of Example 45 was repeated except that 0.68g of 3-

(t-rifluoromethyl)benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.53g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 134 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.67(t, J=6.8Hz, 3H), 3.34(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 4.10(s, 3H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.80(s, 2H), 6.14(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H),

7.62(m, 3H), 7.92(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.17(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H), 10.14(s, 1H)

Example 52: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl- 10-methoxy-9-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy- benzo[g]quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 52)

The process of Example 45 was repeated except that 0.89g of 2,3,5,6- tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.99g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 136 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.67(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.32(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 4.07(s, 3H), 5.10(m, 2H), 5.94(s, 2H), 6.1 l(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.90(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.04(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.18(s, 1H)

Example 53: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl- 10-methoxy-9-(4-phenyl)benzloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 53)

The process of Example 45 was repeated except that 0.58g of 4- phenylbenzyl chloride was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.69g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 115 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ 1.66(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.24(m, 2H), 3.34(m, 2H), 4.13(s, 3H), 5.04(m, 2H), 5.71(s, 2H), 6.17(s, 2H), 6.90(s, 1H), 7.24(s, 1H),

7.38(d, J=7.2Hz, 2H), 7.42(d, J=7.5Hz, 2H), 7.46(d, J=7.2Hz, 2H),

7.58(d, J=7.5Hz, 2H), 7.86(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H),

10.12(s, 1H)

Example 54: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-9-(6- chloropyridinyl-3-yl)methoxy-l 3-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g]- quinolizinium iodide (Compound No. 54)

The process of Example 45 was repeated except that 0.46g of 3- chloromethyl-6-chloropyridine was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.44g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 139 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.68(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.26(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 4.12(s, 3H), 5.14(m, 2H), 5.78(s, 2H), 6.11(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.42(d, J=8.4Hz, 1H), 7.90(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H),

8.52(m, 1H), 8.68(m, 1H), 10.25(s, 1H)

Example 55: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-9-[4-(te t- butyl)benzyloxy]-l 3-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 55)

To a solution of lOg of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9- hydroxy-10-methoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride in 100 ml of acetonitrile 8.1g of potassium carbonate and 9.1 g of ethyl iodide. The mixture was refluxed for 5 hours. Undissolved by-products were filtered off and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue was then dissolved in chloroform and washed with 50 ml of water. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate to remove water, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of methanol/dichloromethane (2: 1 ) to give 8.5 g of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]- 13-emyl-9-hydroxy-10-methoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride as a light brown crystal.

To a solution of lg of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9-hydroxy- 10-methoxy-benzo[g]quinolizinium chloride in lOmg acetonitrile were added, 0.38g of sodium iodide, and 0.35g of potassium carbonate. After 0.58g of 4-(tert- butyl)benzyl bromide was added thereto, the mixture was refluxed for 3 hours. Undissolved by-products were filtered off and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue was then dissolved in chloroform and washed with 10 ml of water. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate to remove water, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of chloroform/methanol (15:1) to give 0.72 g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 132 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ . 1.29(s, 9H), 1.67(m, 9H), 3.24(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 4.04(m, 4H), 4.11(s, 3H), 4.99(m, 2H), 5.54(s, 2H), 6.94(s, 1H), 7.23(s, 1H), 7.40(d, J=9.3Hz, 2H), 7.66(d, J=9.3Hz, 2H), 8.04(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.87(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.11(s, 1H)

Example 56: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- memoxy-9-(2,3,4,5,6-pent^uoro)ben-zyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 56)

The process of Example 55 was repeated except that 0.67g of 2,3,4,5,6- pentafluorobenzyl bromide was employed in place of 4-(tert-butyl)benzyl bromide to give 0.82g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 100 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.67(m, 9H), 3.36(m, 2H), 3.42(m, 2H), 4.01(m, 4H), 4.08(s, 3H), 5.06(m, 2H), 5.86(s, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.28(s, 1H), 7.92(d,

J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.04(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.12(s, 1H)

Example 57: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-9-(2,3,5,6-tetra- fluoro-4-trifluoro methyl)benzyloxy-13-ethyl-10-methoxy-benzo[g]- quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 57)

The process of Example 55 was repeated except that 0.80g of 2,3,5,6- tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl benzyl bromide was employed in place of 4-(tert- butyl)benzyl bromide to give 0.68g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 113 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.69(m, 9H), 3.34(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 3.96(m, 4H), 4.07(s, 3H), 5.12(m, 2H), 5.96(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.92(d, 1H, J=9.6Hz), 8.06(d, 1H, J=9.6Hz), 10.24(s, 1H)

Example 58: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-9-(6-chloro- pyridinyl-3-yl)methoxy- l 3-ethyl- l 0-methoxybenzo[g]- quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 58)

The process of Example 55 was repeated except that 0.42g of 3-chloro-6- chloropyridine was employed in place of 4-(tert-butyl)benzyl bromide to give 0.42g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 126 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.68(m, 9H), 3.26(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 4.01(m, 4H), 4.12(s, 3H), 5.11(m, 2H), 5.78(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.45(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.91(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.52(m, 1H), 8.64(m, 1H), 10.30(s, 1H)

Example 59: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl- 10-methoxy-9-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro)benzyloxybenzo[g]- quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 59)

To a solution of lg of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9- hydroxy-10-methoxy-benzo[g]quinolizinium chloride in lOmg of acetonitrile were added 0.44g of sodium iodide, and 0.41g of potassium carbonate. After 0.77g of 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl bromide was added thereto, the reaction mixture was stirred for 24 hours in an ice bath. After pH was adjusted to neutral with an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, undissolved by-products were filtered off and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue was then dissolved in chloroform and washed with 10 ml of water. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate to remove water filtered, and concentrated. The residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of chloroform/methanol (15:1) to give 0.34 g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 82 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, DMSO-^) δ : 1.47(t, 3H), 3.12(m, 2H), 3.34(m, 2H), 4.01(s, 3H), 4.82(m, 2H), 5.72(s, 2H), 7.17(s, 1H), 7.3 l(s, 1H), 8.19(d, J=7.2Hz, 1H), 8.22(d, J=7.2Hz, 1H), 9.95(s, 1H)

Example 60: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- methoxy-9-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy- benzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 60)

The process of Example 59 was repeated except that 0.92g of 2,3,5,6- tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl benzyl bromide was employed in place of 2,3,4,5,6- pentafluorobenzyl bromide to give 0.25g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 88 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, DMSO-dg) δ: 1.48(t, J=6.3Hz, 3H), 3.18(m, 2H), 3.37(m, 2H), 4.07(s, 3H), 4.91(m, 2H), 5.77(s, 2H), 6.84(s, 1H), 7.11(s, 1H), 8.01(d,

J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.07(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.99(s, 1H)

Example 61: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-9-dodecoxy-l 0- ethoxy-13 -ethylbenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 61)

To a solution of lOg of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-methylenedioxybenzo[a]-9,10- dimethoxy-13-ethyl-benzo[g]quinolizinium chloride in lOOmg of dichloromethane was suspended 30g of aluminum chloride and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. A 15% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was added to the mixture and the precipitate produced was filtered, washed with water, and dried to give 7.5g of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzo[a]-9, 10-dihydroxy-l 3-ethylbenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride as dark brown crystal.

To a solution of lOg of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzo[a]-9,10-dihydroxy- 13-ethylbenzo- [g]quinolizinium chloride in 100 ml of acetonitrile were added 12.1 g of potassium carbonate and 14.3g of ethyl iodide. The mixture was refluxed for 5 hours. Undissolved by-products were filtered off and the filtrate was concentraed under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue was then dissolved in chloroform and washed with 50 ml of water. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate to remove water, filterated, and concentrated. The residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of methanol/dichloro-methane (2:1) to give 7.8 g of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]- 10-e oxy-13-ethyl-9-hydroxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride as a light brown crystal.

To a solution of lg of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-10-ethoxy-13-ethyl- 9-hydroxy-benzo[g] quinolizinium chloride in 1 Omg of acetonitrile were added 0.37g of sodium iodide and 0.34g of potassium carbonate. After 0.62g of dodecyl bromide was then added thereto, the mixture was refluxed for 10 hours. Undissolved by-products were filtered off and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue was then dissolved in chloroform and washed with 10 ml of water. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate to remove water, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of chloroform methanol (15: 1 ) to give 0.37g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 174 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ . 0.87(t, J=6.9Hz, 3H), 1.24(m, 12H), 1.50(m, 4H), 1.68(m, 12H), 1.98(m, 4H), 3.34(m, 2H), 3.48(m, 2H), 4.01(m, 8H), 4.52(t, J=6.9Hz, 2H), 5.20(m, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.30(s, 1H), 8.04(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.13(d, J=9.3Hz, 2H), 10.07(s, 1H)

Example 62: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-10-ethoxy-13- ethyl-9-(4-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy benzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 62) The process of Example 61 was repeated except that 0.59g of 4- trifluoromethyl benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.83g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 142 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.69(m, 12H), 3.26(m, 2H), 3.34(m, 2H), 4.00(m, 12H), 5.08(m, 2H), 5.80(s, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.68(d, J=9.6Hz, 2H), 7.84(d, J=9.6Hz, 2H), 7.96(d, J=7.4Hz, 1H), 8.04(d, J=7.4Hz, 1H), 10.21(s, 1H) Example 63: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-10-ethoxy-13- ethyl-9-(3-trifluoromethyl)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 63)

The process of Example 61 was repeated except that 0.59g of 3- trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.58g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 127 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.70(m, 12H), 3.32(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 4.10(m, 12H), 5.00(m, 2H), 5.85(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.62(m, 3H),

7.92(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.18(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H), 10.17(s, 1H)

Example 64: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-10-ethoxy-13- ethyl-9-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl)-benzyloxy benzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 64)

The process of Example 61 was repeated except that 0.77g of 2,3,5,6- tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl benzyl bromide was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.68g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 110 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ 1.64(m, 12H), 3.30(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 4.07(m, 12H), 5.10(m, 2H), 5.98(s, 2H), 6.92(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.92(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.06(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 10.20(s, 1H)

Example 65: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-diethoxybenzo[a]-9-(6-chloro- pyridine-3-yl)methoxy-l 0-ethoxy-l 3-ethylbenzo[g]-quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 65)

The process of Example 61 was repeated except that 0.4g of 3-chloromethyl- 6-chloropyridine was employed in place of dodecyl bromide to give 0.37g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 136 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.68(m, 12H), 3.24(m, 2H), 3.38(m, 2H), 4.12(m, 12H), 5.13(m, 2H), 5.78(s, 2H), 6.90(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.41(d,

J=9.3Hz, 1H), 7.92(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.54(m, 1H), 8.66(m, 1H), 10.23(s, 1H)

Example 66: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dipropoxybenzo[a]-9-[4-(tert- butyl )benzyloxy]-l 3-ethyl-l 0-propoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 66)

To a solution of lOg of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-di-hydroxybenzo[a]-9,10-dihydroxy- 13-ethylbenzo-[g]quinolizinium chloride in 100 ml of acetonitrile 12.1g of potassium carbonate and 15.6g of propyl iodide. The mixture was refluxed for 8 hours. Undissolved by-products were filtered off and the filtrate was concentraed under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue was then dissolved in chloroform and washed with 50 ml of water. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate to remove water, filtered and concentrated. The residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of methanol/dichloromethane (2:1) to give 7.8 g of 5,6-dihydro-2,3- dipropoxybenzo[a]- 13 -ethyl-9-hydroxy- 10-propoxybenzo [g] quinolizinium chloride as a light brown crystal.

To a solution of lg of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dipropoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9- hydroxy-10-propoxy-benzo[g]quinolizinium chloride in lOmg of acetonitrile were added 0.34g of sodium iodide and 0.3 lg of potassium carbonate. After 0.51g of 4- (fert-butyl)benzyl bromide was added thereto, the mixture was refluxed for 5 hours. Undissolved by-products were filtered off and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue was then dissolved in chloroform and washed with 10 ml of water. The solution was dried over magnesium sulfate to remove water, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with a mixed solvent of chloroform/methanol (15: 1) to give 0.68 g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 133 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.29(s, 9H), 1.48(m, 9H), 1.72(m, 6H), 3.24(m, 2H), 3.45(m, 2H), 4.18(m, 6H), 4.99(m, 2H), 5.53(s, 2H), 6.95(s, 1H), 7.23(s, 1H), 7.44(d, J=9.6Hz, 2H), 7.66(d, J=9.6Hz, 2H), 8.07(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.87(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 10.05(s, 1H)

Example 67: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dipropoxybenzo[a]-13-ethyl-9- (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro)benzyloxy-10-propoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 67)

The process of Example 66 was repeated except that 0.59g of 2,3,4,5,6- pentafluorobenzyl bromide was employed in place of 4-(te t-butyl)benzyl bromide to give 0.90g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 122 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.49(m, 9H), 1.59(m, 6H), 3.36(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 4.15(m 6H), 5.06(m, 2H), 5.84(s, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.28(s, 1H), 7.91(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 8.05(d, J=9.6Hz, 1H), 10.08(s, 1H)

Example 68: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dipropoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- propoxy-9-(4-trifluoromemyl)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride (Compound No. 68)

The process of Example 66 was repeated except that 0.54g of 4- trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide was employed in place of 4-(tert-butyl)benzyl bromide to give 0.95g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p. : 151 °C). Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ. 1.50(m, 9H), 1.69(m, 6H), 3.24(m, 2H), 3.36(m, 2H), 4.10(m, 6H), 5.08(m, 2H), 5.79(s, 2H), 6.91(s, 1H), 7.26(s, 1H), 7.64(d, J=9.3Hz, 2H), 7.86(d, J=9.3Hz, 2H), 7.96(d, J=7.8Hz, 1H), 8.02(d, J=7.8Hz, 1H), 10.21(s, 1H)

Example 69: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-[4-(tert- butyl)-benzyloxy]-l 3-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo[g] quinolizinium bisulfate (Compound No. 69)

1 G of 8-acetonylated 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-[4-(tert- butyl)ben--yloxy]-13-emyl-10-memoxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride was introduced into 10 ml of 1.0M sulfuric acid. After the solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hour, the precipitate produced was filtered, washed with 5 ml of water and then dried over oven to give 0.58 g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 123 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ: 1.30(s, 9H), 1.70(t, J=7.2Hz, 3H), 3.24(m, 2H), 3.40(m, 2H), 3.92(s, 3H), 3.99(s, 3H), 4.14(s, 3H), 4.98(m, 2H), 5.56(s, 2H), 6.97(s, 1H), 7.25(s, 1H), 7.46(d, J=8.1Hz, 2H), 7.62(d, J=8.1Hz, 2H),

8.02(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.87(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.98(s, 1H)

Example 70: Preparation of 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- memoxy-9-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro)benzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium acetate (Compound No. 70)

1 G of 8-acetonylated 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-l 3-ethyl-l 0- memoxy-9-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyloxybenzo[g]quinolizinium chloride was introduced into 10 ml of glacial acetic acid and the mixture was stirred at at room temperature for 5 hours. The precipitate produced was filtered, washed with 10 ml of ether and then dried over oven to give 0.75 g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 108 °C).

Η-NMR (300MHz, CDC1₃) δ 1.62(t, J=7.8Hz, 3H), 3.35(m, 2H), 3.29(m, 2H), 3.96(s, 1H), 4.08(s, 3H), 4.14(s, 1H), 5.08(m, 2H), 5.86(s, 2H), 7.00(s, 1H),

7.23(s, 1H), 7.39(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.04(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 9.98(s, 1H)

Example 71: Preparation of 5,6-dώydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(6-chloro- pyridine-3-yl)methoxy-l 3-ethyl-l 0-methoxybenzo-[g]quinoli- zinium nitrate (Compound No. 71 )

1 G of 8-acetonylated 5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxybenzo[a]-9-(6-chloro pyridine-3 -yl)methoxy- 13 -ethyl- 10-methoxybenzo [g] quinolizinium chloride was introduced into 10 ml of 1.3M nitric acid and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hour. The precipitate produced was filtered, washed with 5 ml of water and then dried over oven to give 0.82 g of the titled compound as a brown crystal (m.p.: 127 °C).

-NMR (300MHz, CDClj) δ: 1.62(t, J=7.5Hz, 3H), 3.22(m, 2H), 3.32(m, 2H), 3.93(s, 3H), 4.00(s, 3H), 4.14(s, 3H), 5.10(m, 2H), 5.78(s, 2H), 6.90(s, 1H),

7.26(s, 1H), 7.44(d, J=8.4Hz, 1H), 7.92(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.00(d, J=9.3Hz, 1H), 8.54(m, 1H), 8.68(m, 1H), 10.15(s, 1H)

Example 72: Inhibiting effect of 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salts on sterol 14-reductase in microsome state.

20 Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing from 150 to 250g have been fed for

7 days with a diet containing 0.1%(w/w) Lovastatin and 5%(w/w) Cholestyramine.

The animals were fasted for 12 hours before excising liver tissues and then sacrificed by decapitation at midnight. An aqueous solution containing 0.25M of sucrose was injected into the hepatic portal vein to remove all the blood within the liver, and then, the liver was excised. The liver was homogenated with two volumes of buffer solution A (0.1 M potassium phosphate , 1 mM reduced glutathione, 0.5 mM EDTA, 20%(v/v) glycerol, pH 7.4) by repeating pestles over 10 times and then, centrifuged with 900 x g for 5 minutes to give a supernatant. The supernatant was centrifuged with 12,000 x g for 20 minutes. The supernatant obtained was ultracentrifuged with 105,000 x g for 90 minutes to give a microsome which was used as an enzyme source of sterol 14-reductase. Assay for sterol 14- reductase was carried out as follows:

60 mmol of 4,4-dimethyl-5α-cholesta-7,14-dien-3β-ol and 5,6-dihydrodibenzo- [a,g]quinolizinium salts (compound no. 2) dissolved in DMSO were added to an assay mixture (total volume 1.0 ml) containing 2 mg of the microsomal protein, 2 mM of NADPH and 25 mg of glucose plus 20 units of glucose oxidase with preincubations under nitrogen at 37 °C for 4 min. unless otherwise specified to establish anaerobic condition. Buffer A (0.1M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, including 1 mM reduced glutathione, 0.5 mM EDTA, and 20% (v/v) glycerol) used for incubation had been equilibrated with nitrogen, and nitrogen was exchanged for air in all sealed reaction flasks prior to the start of incubations. Incubation of the complete mixture was carried out anaerobically in sealed flasks for 10 min at 37 °C unless otherwise indicated. Incubations were terminated by the addition of 1 ml of ethanolic KOH followed by heating under reflux for 10 min. Sterols were extracted four times with 4 ml of petroleum ether, and the solvent was evaporated to dryness under a nitrogen stream. The resulting residue was dissolved in 200 - 500 μl of «-hexane for quantification by GLC at high sensitive attenuation. The activity of sterol 14-reductase was determined with the amount of the substrate wherein the double bonds of 14-carbon were reduced (for the amount reduced by 1 mg of the microsome protein for 1 minute). When the level of compound no. 2 added to the reaction system was 0.1 to 0.3 μM, 50% of inhibition of the enzymatic activity was observed.

Example 73: Effect of 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salts on cholesterol biosynthesis ratio in CHO cells

Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO cell) were passage-cultivated on the flat plates. When colonies reached at 70 to 80% of area based on the total culture area, culture medium was replaced with a fresh medium and this was then used as samples for determining sterol 14-reductase activity and the cholesterol biosynthesis ratio.

Cholesterol biosynthesis ratio was determined by the Boogaard method [See, Biochem. J. 1987, 241, 345-51] with some modification. To the three dishes (diameter: 60 nm) containing the above CHO cells, the compound obtained from Example 2 were added and the mixture was then incubated for 30 minutes. After adding each 0.5 μCi of ¹⁴C-Mevalonate into the medium, incubation was continued for 2 hours. Culture medium was removed from the vessel, and the mixture was then washed 3 times with PBS at 4°C. The cells were scratched and collected in about 1.0 ml of PBS, and then subjected to centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 5 min. In order to determine cholesterol having radioactivity, the cell precipitates were first floated with 0. IN NaOH. After quantifying proteins in the floats, the floated material were taken so as to contain a suitable amount of proteins. The total volume was adjusted to 1.0 ml with the buffer solution A and added 1.0 ml of 25% ethanolic KOH solution thereto to proceed saponification reaction at 80 °C for 30 minutes. After dissolving unsaponicated sterols into n-hexane, they were separated by a thin layer liquid chromatography. The composition of the developing solvents was ethyl acetate and benzene at 95:5 ratio and cholesterol was developed as the internal standard for 50 minutes. Bands in the cholesterol-developed peak region were collected and put into a radioactive vial, and then 10 ml of scintillation cocktail solution were added thereto. The radioactivity strength of each sample was determined by a liquid scintillation counter (LSC) to give the cholesterol biosynthetic ratio. 50% of inhibitory effect was observed at the 0.1 to 0.3 μM concentration of 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salts (compound no. 2).

Example 74: Effect of 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salts on cholesterol biosynthesis in cultured human liver cell line (HepG2 cells)

Cultured human liver HepG2 cell line was grown on RPMI (Rosewell park Memorial Institute) 1640 culture medium containing 10% PBS until 60% of monolayer are formed in a 60 mm culture dish. After replacing the medium with 3 ml of a fresh culture medium containing 10 %(v/v) LPDS (Fetal calf lipoprotein- deficient serum), the cells were further grown for 48 hours until 90% of cultivation degree appear. The culture medium was removed and the cell was then washed with PBS. 2 ml of culture medium containing compound no. 2 (final concentration 100 μM) and AY-9944 (final concentration 1 μM) were added thereto. Then, the medium was cultivated at 37 °C for 1 hour under the condition of 95% air/5% carbonic acid gas. AY-9944 which is an inhibitor for sterol 7-reductase was used as a control drug for assuring the present experimental procedure on the inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis. Thereafter, 3 μCi of [1,2- ¹⁴C] acetate (72 mCi/mmol) were added thereto. The cultivation was continued for 2 hours so that the isotope is introduced into the cell and used as a precursor for sterol to be synthesized. Then, the culture medium was completely removed and washed with PBS twice and the cells were collected by scratching. 10 μg of cholesterol, 10 μg of lanosterol and [³H]cholesterol (30,000 dpm) were added thereto, and saponification reaction was carried out at 70 °C for an hour by adding 7.5% of methanolic KOH solution. Unsaponified sterol was removed by extracting them three times with 3 ml of petroleum ether and dried with nitrogen purging. The dried samples were redissolved in 200 μl of chloroform. An aliquot of the samples was loaded onto Silicagel 60F thin layer plate and then separated using ethyl acetate/hexane 25/75 (v/v) as the developing solvent. The thin layer film was developed by exposure to Amersham Hyperfilm at -70°C for 7 days. Cholesterol band were confirmed by comparing the band appeared in the film and that appeared in the iodine-stained thin layer. After scratching the cholesterol band, it was quantified by a liquid scintillation counter.

Example 75: In vivo effect of 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salts on cholesterol biosynthesis in Syrian Golden Hamster

Male Syrian Golden Hamsters weighing 90 ~ 11 Og distributed from Samyuk Animal Laboratory, Seoul, Korea were bred under the following conditions: they were maintained under reverse light cycle (light cycle: from 6 P.M to 6 A.M; dark cycle: from 6 A.M. to 6 P.M.). The food and water were supplied at 10 A.M. The commercially available standard rodent chows were used. The hamsters were divided into 6 or 7 animals per group. The animals were fasted for 12 hours before administrating the drug. Then, 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium salts (compound no. 2) dissolved in a 0.25% methyl cellulose solution was administered orally for 14 days at the indicated time per a day. After fasting animals for 24 hours from the last administration, blood was extracted using a cardiac puncture and plasma was then isolated. Plasma lipids, i.e., total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride values were analyzed using Automatic Analyzer (Hitachi 7150).

Example 76: Preparation of pharmaceutically available tablets of 5,6-dihydro- dibenzo[a,g] quinolizinium salts

The raw drug materials corresponding to an amount of 10,000 tablets were weighted and passed into 20 mesh sieve and the mixture was then blended for 10 minutes. The mixture was transferred to a compressor and was tableted under suitable pressure so as to give average weight of 200 mg per tablet.

1 ) Composition of the raw drug materials per tablet (200 mg)

2) Composition of the raw drug materials per tablet (200 mg)

3) Composition of the raw drug materials per tablet (200 mg)

4) Composition of the raw drug materials per tablet (200 mg)

5) Composition of the raw drug materials per tablet (200 mg)

6) Composition of the raw drug materials per tablet (200 mg)

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The compounds of formula (I) can effectively inhibit sterol 14-reductase which is involved in the distal pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, and thus, are especially effective in treating hypercholesterolemia.

The compounds of formula (I) above have the activities to decrease total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels and at the same time, to decrease glucose level in an animal test. Therefore, they are effective in diabetic hypercholesterolaemia and hyperlipidaemia.

Table 3 represents the relative activity for sterol 14-reductase of the compound of formula (I) as set forth in Table 1. Among the compounds of Table 1 , Compound Nos. 2, 3, 9 and 68 markedly inhibited the cholesterol biosynthesis in human HepG2 cell line compared with AY9944 which is a comparative drug. In the animal test with Syrian Golden Hamster, Compound Nos. 2, 3, 9 and 68 have markedly decreased total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels compared with lovastatin which is a commercially available comparative cholesterol-lowering agent. Table 3: Relative In Vitro activity for the compound of formula (I)

+: 100 μM or more of IC₅₀ value ++: 10 - 100 μM of IC₅₀ value +++: 1 μM or below of IC₅₀ value

Table 4: In vivo activity result for Comp. Nos. 2, 3, 9, and 68

Meanwhile, the toxicity of the compounds of the present invention was investigated as follows: i.e., the compounds were suspended into propylene glycol and then orally administered into each of 5 male and female SD rats at the age of 5-weeks that were fasted for 12 hours. Under the usual breeding conditions, general symptoms, weight change and lethal case of the above rats were monitored for two weeks. At the dose over 2,000 mg/kg of the compound nos. 2, 3, 9 and 68, general symptoms and the body weight change of the animals were normal and the lethal case was not observed. The toxicity data for the representative compounds (Compound No. 2, 3, 9 and 68) is set forth in Table 5.

Table 5

As evident from the above descriptions, the compound of formula (I) inhibits sterol 14-reductase which is an enzyme in the distal stage of the cholesterol biosynthesis, thereby being effective in treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidaemia and safe in an aspect of toxicity.

Claims

What is claimed is

1. A 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivative represented by the formula (I) and the salt thereof.

wherein, R¹ and R² which may be the same or different from each other, represent a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons or R¹ and R² together represent a methylenedioxy group;

R³ represents a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons; R⁴ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbons, or an alkenyl group having 3 to 8 carbons; X represents inorganic acid ion, organic acid ion or halide, more particularly, nitrate, sulfate, acetate, tartrate, maleate, succinate, citrate, fumarate, aspartate, salicylate, glycerate, ascorbate, fluoride, chloride, iodide or bromide,

Z represents an alkyl group having 5 to 12 carbons, or an alkenyl group having 4 to 6 carbons, a N-benzotriazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a furyl group, a substituted furyl group, or a group represented by the formula

wherein Z¹, Z², Z³, Z⁴ and Z⁵ which may be the same or different from each other, represent a hydrogen atom, halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbons, a trifluoromethyl group, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, a nitro group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons, a methylenedioxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a hydroxy group, a benzyloxy group, a phenoxy group, a vinyl group, a benzenesulfonylmethyl group or a methoxycarbonyl group; and

A and B which may be the same or different from each other, represent carbon or nitrogen.

2. The compound of formula (I) according to Claim 1 , wherein Z represents a group having the following chemical formula

wherein Z¹, Z², Z³, Z⁴ and Z⁵ which may be the same or different from each other, represent a hydrogen atom, halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbons, a trifluoromethyl group, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, nitro, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons, a methylenedioxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a hydroxy group, a benzyloxy group, a phenoxy group, a vinyl group, a benzenesulfonylmethyl group or a methoxycarbonyl group; and A and B which may be the same or different from each other, represent carbon or nitrogen; and

X represents inorganic acid ion, organic acid ion or halide.

3. The compound of formula (I) according to Claim 1, wherein R⁴ is ethyl group.

4. The compound of formula (I) according to Claim 1 , wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and X each represents a methoxy group, a methoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and chloride, and Z represents 4-(tert-butyl)phenyl.

5. The compound of formula (I) according to Claim 1 , wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and X each represents a methoxy group, a methoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and chloride, and Z represents 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl.

6. The compound of formula (I) according to Claim 1, wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and X each represents a methoxy group, a methoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and chloride, and Z represents 4-trifluoromethylphenyl.

7. The compound of formula (I) according to Claim 1, wherein R^J-R², R³, R⁴ and X each represents a methylenedioxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and iodide, and Z represents 4-trifluoromethylphenyl.

8. A process for preparing a 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivative of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, in which

(a) the compound of formula (IN) is deprotected to give a compound of formula (N);

(b) the compound of formula (N) obtained from the previous step is selectively O-alkylated with an alkylating reagent to give monohydroxy compound of formula (VI); and

(c ) the compound of formula (NI) thus obtained is reacted with alkyl substituent (ZCH₂-X) to give a 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivative.

In the above formulae, R¹, R², R³ , R , X and Z are the same as defined in the compound of formula (I).

9. A process for preparing a 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivative and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, in which

(a) a compound of the formula (IN) is subjected to pyrolysis in the presence of a non-polar solvent or in the absence of a solvent at a high temperature of 100 to

300 °C to give a compound of the formula (NI); and

(b) the compound thus obtained is then reacted with electrophiles (ZCH₂-X) to give a 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivative of the formula (I).

wherein, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, and X are the same as defined in compound of formula (I); and Z represent halide, sulfate, nitrate, acetate, tinnate, tannate, maleate, succinate, citrate, fumarate, or fatty acid salt.

10. A pharmaceutical composition for treating hyperlipidaemia which comprises a 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium derivative represented by the formula (I) and the salt thereof as an active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

wherein, R¹ and R² which may be the same or different from each other, represent a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons or R¹ and R² together represent a methylenedioxy group;

R³ represents a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons;

R⁴ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbons, or an alkenyl group having 3 to 8 carbons; X represents inorganic acid ion, organic acid ion or halide, more particularly, nitrate, sulfate, acetate, tartrate, maleate, succinate, citrate, fumarate, aspartate, salicylate, glycerate, ascorbate, fluoride, chloride, iodide or bromide,

Z represents an alkyl group having 5 to 12 carbons, or an alkenyl group having 4 to 6 carbons, a N-benzotriazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, a furyl group, a substituted furyl group, or a group represented by the formula

wherein Z¹, Z², Z³, Z⁴ and Z⁵ which may be the same or different from each other, represent a hydrogen atom, halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbons, a trifluoromethyl group, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, a nitro group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons, a methylenedioxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a hydroxy group, a benzyloxy group, a phenoxy group, a vinyl group, a benzenesulfonylmethyl group or a methoxycarbonyl group; and A and B which may be the same or different from each other, represent carbon or nitrogen.

11. The pharmaceutical composition according to Claim 10, wherein Z represents a group having the following chemical formula

wherein Z¹, Z², Z³, Z⁴ and Z⁵ which may be the same or different from each other, represent a hydrogen atom, halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbons, a trifluoromethyl group, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, nitro, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons, a methylenedioxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a hydroxy group, a benzyloxy group, a phenoxy group, a vinyl group, a benzenesulfonylmethyl group or a methoxycarbonyl group; and

A and B which may be the same or different from each other, represent carbon or a nitrogen; and X represents inorganic acid ion, organic acid ion or halide.

12. The pharmaceutical composition according to Claim 10, wherein R⁴ is ethyl group

13. The pharmaceutical composition according to Claim 10, wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴and X each represents a methoxy group, a methoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and chloride, and Z represents 4-(tert-butyl)phenyl.

14. The pharmaceutical composition according to Claim 10, wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and X each represents a methoxy group, a methoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and chloride, and Z represents 4-pentafluorophenyl.

15. The pharmaceutical composition according to Claim 10, wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴and X each represents a methoxy group, a methoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and chloride, and Z represents 4-trifluoromethylphenyl.

16. The pharmaceutical composition according to Claim 10, wherein R^!-R², R³, R⁴and X each represents a methylenedioxy group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group and iodide, and Z represents 4-trifluoromethylphenyl.

17. The pharmaceutical composition according to Claim 10, wherein said composition is sterol 14-reductase inhibitor.