WO2000058801A1 - Autoguidance system and method for an agricultural machine - Google Patents
Autoguidance system and method for an agricultural machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000058801A1 WO2000058801A1 PCT/US2000/008132 US0008132W WO0058801A1 WO 2000058801 A1 WO2000058801 A1 WO 2000058801A1 US 0008132 W US0008132 W US 0008132W WO 0058801 A1 WO0058801 A1 WO 0058801A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- agricultural machine
- control module
- autoguidance
- set forth
- machine
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course or altitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0276—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using signals provided by a source external to the vehicle
- G05D1/0278—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using signals provided by a source external to the vehicle using satellite positioning signals, e.g. GPS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B69/00—Steering of agricultural machines or implements; Guiding agricultural machines or implements on a desired track
- A01B69/007—Steering or guiding of agricultural vehicles, e.g. steering of the tractor to keep the plough in the furrow
- A01B69/008—Steering or guiding of agricultural vehicles, e.g. steering of the tractor to keep the plough in the furrow automatic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course or altitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0268—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means
- G05D1/027—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means comprising intertial navigation means, e.g. azimuth detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course or altitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0268—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means
- G05D1/0274—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means using mapping information stored in a memory device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course or altitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0227—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using mechanical sensing means, e.g. for sensing treated area
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to a system and method for providing autoguidance for an agricultural machine and, more particularly, to a system and method for providing autoguidance for an agricultural machine along parallel swaths in a field.
- light bar guidance systems must be monitored closely, and maintaining this monitoring over long periods of time is difficult and tiring.
- the present invention is directed to overcoming one or more of the problems as set forth above .
- a system for providing autoguidance for an agricultural machine includes a main machine control module to control steering of the agricultural machine, a position determining system, and a guidance map.
- the system also includes an autoguidance control module to receive a position signal from the position determining system and data from the guidance map, and responsively determine a current position and a desired path to traverse by the agricultural machine, wherein the desired path to traverse is determined with respect to rows of crop in a field, and wherein the main machine control module is adapted to receive a control signal from the autoguidance control module and control steering of the agricultural machine in response to activation of the autoguidance control module control signal .
- a method for providing autoguidance for an agricultural machine includes the steps of determining a position and a heading of the agricultural machine, compensating the position determination with a roll compensation factor, and determining the location of a plurality of desired paths.
- the method also includes the steps of enabling autoguidance of the agricultural machine in response to activation of an autoguidance control module, and controlling steering of the agricultural machine with respect to the desired paths.
- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an agricultural machine suited for use with the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of a display as embodied for use with the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration depicting an aspect of roll compensation
- Fig. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating a preferred method of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic illustration of another aspect of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating another aspect of the present invention.
- a system 100 for providing autoguidance for an agricultural machine 102 is shown.
- the agricultural machine 102 depicted in Fig. 1 is a tractor.
- other types of agricultural machines e.g., combines, chemical applicators, and the like, could also be used with the present invention.
- the agricultural machine 102 shown in Fig. 1 is a tracked tractor, i.e., the agricultural machine 102 is driven by tracks rather than wheels.
- the present invention is suited for use with many types of agricultural machines, driven by tracks, wheels, or other means.
- a work implement 104 is shown attached to the agricultural machine 102 in Fig. 1.
- work implements e.g., seeders, fertilizer spreaders, tillers, discs, plows, and the like
- work implement 104 may be attached to the front of the agricultural machine 102, such as the cutter bars on a harvester, rather than at the rear of the agricultural machine 102, as shown in Fig. 1.
- the effective width, known as the swath, of the work implement is known.
- the use of the known swath of the work implement 104 is discussed in more detail below in relation to planning paths for the agricultural machine 102 to traverse.
- a main machine control module 204 controls various functions of the agricultural machine 102 including, but not limited to, steering control.
- the main machine control module 204 controls an electro-hydraulic steering system 206 to steer the agricultural machine 102 in the desired manner.
- Feedback from steering position sensors 202 allows the main machine control module 204 to monitor steering control to ensure that steering of the agricultural machine 102 is performed as desired.
- Electro- hydraulic steering systems and steering position sensors are well known in the art, and will not be discussed further.
- steering is controlled by use of a steering wheel, or some such similar device.
- the steering wheel is normally connected to a set of resolvers, which convert the position of the steering wheel to electrical signals, which are delivered to the main machine control module 204.
- a position determining system 208 located on the agricultural machine 102, is adapted to determine the position of the agricultural machine 102.
- the position determining system 208 includes a GPS position determining system.
- other types of position determining systems e.g., laser reference systems, dead reckoning systems, and the like, may be used as well.
- the position determining system 208 may include a combination of position determining technologies.
- a GPS antenna 106 is shown mounted to the agricultural machine 102 in Fig. 1.
- a guidance map 222 located on the agricultural machine 102, is adapted to store and provide information relative to characteristics of the terrain of agricultural fields. For example, position related information, such as boundaries, obstacles, slopes, and the like, could be stored. In addition, the guidance map 222 may also store and provide information related to desired paths for the agricultural machine 102 to traverse.
- An autoguidance control module 212 located on the agricultural machine 102, receives position signals from the position determining system 208, and receives data from the guidance map 222, and responsively determines the current position and heading of the agricultural machine 102, and determines a desired path for the agricultural machine 102 to traverse. The autoguidance control module 212 then delivers a control signal to the main machine control module 204, and controls steering of the agricultural machine 102 in response to activation of the control signal delivered from the autoguidance control module 212.
- the desired path for the agricultural machine 102 to traverse is determined with respect to the swath of the work implement 104 being used in the field.
- Path determination by this means offers the advantage of covering a maximum width of the field during each pass, thus making operations more efficient.
- Another advantage is that, typically, the rows of crop in the field are determined with respect to the swath and the spacing of the component parts of the work implement 104. This criteria for path selection minimizes rowcrop disturbance while traversing the field.
- parallel swathing determines a series of parallel paths separated by a desired width, i.e., the swath of the work implement 104, from a determined first reference path.
- the reference path is normally determined by manually traversing a first path and storing the start and end points of the path in the guidance map 222.
- the reference path may alternatively be determined by referring to a boundary from the guidance map 222.
- the guidance map 222 also serves the function of limiting the determination of parallel swaths due to geographic limitations.
- the parallel swaths may be straight paths or curved, as needed.
- a machine information display system 220 located on the agricultural machine 102, receives information from the autoguidance control module 212 and responsively displays for an operator the position and heading of the agricultural machine 102 with respect to the rows of crop in the field or, alternatively, to the desired paths to traverse.
- the machine information display system 220 may display other types of information, such as the status of the autoguidance control module 212, the speed of the agricultural machine 102, the transmission gear being used, and the like.
- the machine information display system 220 may also be configured to display alternate screens of information containing diagnostics, productivity data, and any other information that may be of interest to an operator.
- the display system 220 is configured to assist an operator with aligning the agricultural machine 102 with the desired . path to traverse prior to activating the autoguidance control module 212.
- a switch 216 located on the agricultural machine 102, preferably at a location convenient for an operator, is used to activate and deactivate the autoguidance control module 212.
- the switch 216 is a momentary contact on/off switch designed to withstand the harsh environments associated with agricultural work.
- a heading rate sensor 210 located on the agricultural machine 102, determines the rate of change of heading as the agricultural machine 102 traverses the field.
- the heading rate information is delivered to the autoguidance control module 212 to enable steering to be performed in a stable manner.
- a roll sensor In the preferred embodiment, a roll sensor
- the autoguidance control module 212 located on the agricultural machine 102, senses roll, i.e., angular pitch or tilt, of the agricultural machine 102.
- the amount of roll detected, in degrees from vertical, is delivered to the autoguidance control module 212.
- the autoguidance control module 212 then compensates for position determination error due to the roll, as is explained in more detail below. Referring to Fig. 4, an example of the error in position determination caused by roll is shown.
- the agricultural machine 102 is shown moving over a raised area in the field, such as a rock or bump. One side of the agricultural machine 102 is raised, while the other side is not, thus resulting in a roll by an angle ⁇ .
- the GPS antenna 106 mounted on the top of the agricultural machine 102, determines a position with respect to a vertical line 402 from the GPS antenna 106 to the ground.
- the erroneous position determination results in determining that the agricultural machine 102 is shifted from the actual position, as depicted by the phantom view 102' of the agricultural machine 102.
- the height of the GPS antenna 106 from level ground is three meters.
- the roll ⁇ is 10 degrees.
- the lateral error 404 would be approximately 52 cm.
- an elevation error of approximately 4.5 cm would also be introduced. Error of this magnitude would mislead the autoguidance control module 212 as steering of the agricultural machine 102 was controlled, thus causing the agricultural machine 102 to move off the desired path and potentially damage rowcrops .
- Fig. 4 was in reference to one side of the agricultural machine 102 moving over a raised area. However, roll of significant magnitude can also exist when traversing a slope, moving with one side in a depression, and the like.
- an optional rowcrop detector 218, located on the agricultural machine 102 may be used to assist in determining the precise locations of rowcrop as the crop grows.
- the rowcrop detector 218 includes at least one sensor adapted to sense the presence of crop in response to making contact, i.e., touching, the crop.
- other types of rowcrop detectors e.g., ultrasonic, radar, laser, and the like, may also be used.
- An alert system 224 located on the agricultural machine 102, is adapted to notify an operator in response to the autoguidance control module 212 determining that a condition requiring operator intervention exists. Examples of conditions requiring operator intervention include, but are not limited to, approaching an end of row, detecting an obstacle, and detecting a condition requiring service or maintenance.
- the alert system 224 may be visual, audible, or a combination of both.
- the autoguidance system 100 is located on the agricultural machine 102 as a stand-alone system. In this embodiment, the system 100 is interfaced only to those portions of the agricultural machine 102 needed to enable autoguidance of the agricultural machine 102.
- the system 100 is sometimes desirable to integrate the various systems to take advantage of ⁇ l i ⁇
- a modern agricultural machine 102 may have several data buses. Examples may include, but are not limited to, a control bus to control operations of the agricultural machine 102, a diagnostics and machine information bus, a precision farming data bus, and an autoguidance data bus. It would be desirable to allow data to flow between these multiple data buses, as well as within each bus. However, interconnecting the buses could create data flow problems, as well as combine proprietary data with other types of routine data on the agricultural machine 102.
- the autoguidance system 100 of the present invention may include a network bridge 702, as shown in Fig. 7.
- the network bridge 702 provides a controlled path for data flow between various systems located on the agricultural machine 102, including, but not limited to, the autoguidance control module 212, the position determining system 208, the machine information display system 220, and other machine systems 704 adapted to perform various functions.
- the network bridge 702 is capable of determining the types and amount of data which should be allowed to flow from source to destination among the data buses. Referring now to Fig. 5, a flow diagram illustrating a preferred method of the present invention is shown.
- a first control block 502 the position and heading of the agricultural machine 102 is determined, preferably by the position determining system 208.
- a determination is made whether the agricultural machine 102 is at an angle, i.e., whether roll of the agricultural machine 102 has occurred. If it is determined that no roll has occurred, control proceeds to a second decision block 508. However, if it is determined that roll has occurred, control proceeds to a second control block 506. In the second control block 506, the position of the agricultural machine 102 is determined again, this time with roll compensation factored in, as discussed above with reference to Fig. 4.
- control proceeds to a fourth control block 512. However, if it is determined that the current desired path is not valid, control proceeds to a third control block 510.
- the locations of the desired paths are determined.
- the locations of the desired paths are determined by determining a first reference path and responsively determining a plurality of parallel paths as a function of the swath of the work implement 104 being used.
- these determined paths may then be stored in the guidance map 222 and, in another aspect of the present invention, the locations of the desired paths may be determined by recalling these previously determined desired paths from the guidance map 222. For example, if the work implement 104 to be used has the same swath as a previously used work implement 104, the desired paths may be determined as the same paths used previously.
- a remote site 602 provides the desired paths to the agricultural machine 102.
- the remote site 602 may be a base station office, or another agricultural machine 102.
- the desired paths may be predetermined and stored for use as needed, or, alternatively, the desired paths may be determined on request.
- the desired paths may be provided to the agricultural machine 102 by way of wireless communications, wired link, e.g., the agricultural machine 102 may travel to the remote site 602 and be connected to the remote site 602 by a wired link for transfer of information, or by any other suitable means such as manual transfer by way of diskette and such.
- the fourth control block 512 the position and heading of the agricultural machine 102 with respect to the desired paths is displayed to an operator.
- a third decision block 514 it is determined if the operator has requested a new desired path.
- the agricultural machine may have reached the end of a row, and the operator may desire to position the agricultural machine in a new row in which a desired path has not been determined.
- the operator may not want to traverse the determined desired paths, and prefers to let the system determine the location of a new set of desired paths. If the operator does request a new path, control proceeds back to the third control block 510, where the location of new desired paths are determined as discussed above. If it is determined that the operator has not requested a new path, control then proceeds to a fifth control block 516.
- control block 516 the operator aligns the agricultural machine 102 to a desired position and heading relative to the start of the desired path. This step places the agricultural machine 102 in a position suitable to begin autoguidance. Control then proceeds to a sixth control block 518, where autoguidance is activated, preferably by depressing the switch 216. Once autoguidance is activated, the steering of the agricultural machine 102 is controlled with respect to the desired path, as shown in a seventh control block 520.
- a condition requiring operator intervention exists. For example, the agricultural machine 102 may be approaching the end of a desired path, or a fault parameter may have been detected. If no condition requiring operator intervention is found to exist, control proceeds to an eighth control block 524, where autoguidance is continued. However, if a condition requiring operator intervention is determmed to exist, control proceeds to a ninth control block 526, where the operator is notified by means of the alert system 224.
- the autoguidance control module 212 may be programmed to shut down the agricultural machine 102 in the event the operator does not respond to the notification within a predetermined amount of time.
- the operator in response to notification that a condition requiring operator intervention exists, may then, in a tenth control block 528, resume control of the agricultural machine 102, e.g., by depressing the switch 216.
- the system may return control to an operator at any time in response to sensing that the operator has taken control, e.g., by the operator moving the steering wheel, clutch, br brake.
- an agricultural machine 102 such as a tractor or a harvester, is used to pull or carry a work implement 104 throughout a field with great care to cover the entire field efficiently and to protect any rowcrop from damage.
- Much of the field is traversed in long, relatively straight passes which are parallel to each other.
- the present invention is configured to determine the desired paths to traverse, and responsively control the steering operations required to accurately follow the paths.
- the autoguidance feature of the present invention reduces fatigue of an operator and improves efficient operations by optimizing the coverage of the field by the agricultural machine 102.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU39263/00A AU760347B2 (en) | 1999-03-29 | 2000-03-24 | Autoguidance system and method for an agricultural machine |
GB0120606A GB2362725B (en) | 1999-03-29 | 2000-03-24 | Autoguidance system and method for an agricultural machine |
DE10084434T DE10084434T1 (en) | 1999-03-29 | 2000-03-24 | Automatic guidance system and method for an agricultural machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/280,198 | 1999-03-29 | ||
US09/280,198 US6236916B1 (en) | 1999-03-29 | 1999-03-29 | Autoguidance system and method for an agricultural machine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2000058801A1 true WO2000058801A1 (en) | 2000-10-05 |
Family
ID=23072090
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/008132 WO2000058801A1 (en) | 1999-03-29 | 2000-03-24 | Autoguidance system and method for an agricultural machine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6236916B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU760347B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10084434T1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2362725B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000058801A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
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EP3546985A1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-02 | Trimble Inc. | Machine guidance pitch and roll compensation |
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US11778934B2 (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2023-10-10 | Bear Flag Robotics, Inc. | Agricultural lane following |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0120606D0 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
GB2362725B (en) | 2003-05-28 |
AU3926300A (en) | 2000-10-16 |
AU760347B2 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
GB2362725A (en) | 2001-11-28 |
DE10084434T1 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
US6236916B1 (en) | 2001-05-22 |
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