WO2000074087A1 - Actuator for electromagnetic valve control - Google Patents

Actuator for electromagnetic valve control Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000074087A1
WO2000074087A1 PCT/EP2000/004024 EP0004024W WO0074087A1 WO 2000074087 A1 WO2000074087 A1 WO 2000074087A1 EP 0004024 W EP0004024 W EP 0004024W WO 0074087 A1 WO0074087 A1 WO 0074087A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheets
actuator
laminated core
electromagnets
yoke
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2000/004024
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Matthias Gramann
Michael Nagel
Steffen Walter
Original Assignee
Daimlerchrysler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimlerchrysler Ag filed Critical Daimlerchrysler Ag
Publication of WO2000074087A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000074087A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1676—Means for avoiding or reducing eddy currents in the magnetic circuit, e.g. radial slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an actuator for electromagnetic valve control with two electromagnets, between which an armature plate oscillates with at least one plunger, and which each consist of a yoke with a coil window and an excitation coil.
  • An actuator for electromagnetic valve control essentially consists of the opening magnet and the closing magnet, which are separated from one another by at least one component made of a non-ferromagnetic material. This component can be formed, for example, by a housing part.
  • the armature plate which is made of a ferromagnetic material and is moved in the respective direction by energizing the excitation coil of the opening magnet or the excitation coil of the closing magnet.
  • the yoke of the opening magnet has a bushing for a valve tappet, which transmits the forces acting on the armature plate to at least one gas exchange valve.
  • the actuator can for example be designed so that the actuator spring on the
  • Gas exchange valve opposite side of the actuator is arranged on the outside of the closer magnet.
  • a spring tappet having an actuator spring plate is arranged in the extension of the valve tappet and is supported by a bushing in the yoke of the closer magnet.
  • the yoke of the closer magnet has a shape that surrounds the passage of the spring plunger and forms a wall, in which an internal thread is incorporated.
  • a screw cap is screwed into the internal thread of the wall, which together with the wall forms a cavity in which the actuator spring resting on the actuator spring plate is arranged. By turning the screw cap, the preload tion of the actuator spring can be changed, whereby the rest position of the anchor plate is adjustable
  • An actuator forms a functional unit with a gas exchange valve, the gas exchange valve, corresponding to a conventional cylinder head with camshafts, by means of a valve spring and a valve spring plate in the valve seat of the
  • a functional unit consisting of an actuator and a gas exchange valve
  • the valve stem of the gas exchange valve, the valve tappet and the spring tappet of the actuator are pressed against each other.
  • the anchor plate is located in the middle between the
  • valve plate of the gas exchange valve is in the middle position between the valve seat of the cylinder head, in which the gas exchange valve is closed, and the position in which the gas exchange valve is opened to the maximum.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an actuator for electromagnetic valve control, in which eddy currents are effectively suppressed in the yoke of the electromagnets, in which the electromagnets can be easily handled and processed during manufacture, and in which the yokes provide the necessary mechanical strength
  • the yoke of the electromagnet consists of at least one solid base part, and according to which in the at least one solid base part in the area of the coil window a sheet stack consisting of sheets is inserted - Formed, wherein the excitation coils are arranged in the U-shaped sheets of the laminated core
  • the U-shaped sheets of the laminated core have no electrically conductive connection with one another
  • the sheets of the laminated core are shaped such that the sheets are always arranged perpendicular to the coil window
  • a plurality of sheets of the sheet stack are combined to form a common part.
  • a plurality of U-shaped sheets arranged exactly parallel to one another are designed as a U-shaped rod
  • the sheets of the sheet stack are provided with a surface coating which is not electrically conductive
  • Sheet metal package fixing cover is arranged
  • the actuator according to the invention for electromagnetic valve control in which a laminated core consisting of sheets is inserted into the at least one solid base part, effectively suppresses the formation of eddy currents in the yoke of the electromagnets through the slots between the sheets, with the at least one solid base part, which Yokes can be easily handled and processed during manufacture, and the yokes, and thus the electromagnets, provide the necessary mechanical strength
  • FIG. 2 shows the schematic representation of the solid yoke of an electromagnet, in which a laminated core is inserted in the area of the coil window
  • FIG. 3 shows the schematic representation of the solid yoke of an electromagnet, in which a laminated core is inserted, in which the laminations are always arranged perpendicular to the coil window ,
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the massive yoke of an electromagnet, in which a laminated core is inserted, in which the same, touching sheets are combined to form a larger molded part
  • the electromagnet 1 shows an actuator for electromagnetic valve control, which essentially consists of two electromagnets, the opening magnet 3 and the closing magnet 2.
  • the electromagnets each consist of the yoke 2 1, 3 1 with the coil window 2.2, 3 2 and the excitation coil 2 3, 3 3
  • the yokes 2 1, 3 1 of the electromagnets form a solid and stable base part that withstands high forces for a long time.
  • the coil window 2 2, 3 2 that is common in the yokes 2 1, 3 1 is used to hold the Sheets 9 1 of the laminated core are enlarged to accommodate the excitation coil 2 3, 3 3, the essential part of the laminations 9 1 is U-shaped, the open side of the U-shaped sheets 9 1 being oriented toward the top of the yoke U-shaped sheets 9 1 form the actual coil window 2 2, 3 2, into which the excitation coil 2 3, 3 3 is inserted.
  • the electromagnets are made of two from a non-ferromagnetic material al manufactured spacers 4 separated from each other
  • the spacers 4 oscillate the anchor plate 5, to which the valve tappet 6 1 is attached, which transmits the forces acting on the anchor plate 5 via a passage in the yoke 3 1 of the opening magnet 3 to a gas exchange valve.
  • a spring plunger 7 1 which is mounted in a bushing in the yoke 2 1 of the closing magnet 2, and which transmits the forces acting on the armature plate 5 to the actuator spring 7 2.
  • the end of the spring plunger 7 1 opposite the armature plate 5 is a Actuator spring plate 7 3, on which the actuator spring 7 2 rests, and via which the actuator spring 7 2 presses the spring plunger 7 1 against the anchor plate 5.
  • the actuator spring 7 2 is located in a radial symmetry around the passage of the spring plunger 7 1, forming a wall Formation of the yoke 2 1 of the closer magnet 2
  • the wall has a thread on the inside into which a Sc
  • the screw cover 8 is screwed in. The prestress of the actuator spring 7 2 can be changed by means of the screw cover 8.
  • the electromagnets When the actuator is operated, the electromagnets are usually alternately energized, with eddy currents forming in the yokes 2 1, 3 1 of the electromagnets due to the changing magnetic fields counteract their cause, the magnetic field change, according to Lenz's rule, whereby the build-up and breakdown of the magnetic fields is dampened or slowed down. This results in an increase in the operation of the actuators
  • the eddy currents form in the yoke 2 1, 3 1, preferably in the edge region of the coil window 2 2, 3 2
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 each show the yoke 3 1 of the opening magnet 3.
  • the yoke 2 1, not shown, of the closing magnet 2 is in each case complementary to the yoke 3 1 of the opening magnet 3.
  • the individual sheets arranged in the area of the coil window 2 2, 3 2 9 1 of the laminated core 9 are preferably connected to one another by a surface coating, as a result of which the individual sheets 9 1 of the laminated core 9 are electrically insulated from one another, and whereby the laminated core 9 can be handled like a single part the yokes 2 1, 3 1 screwed cover plate are fixed
  • FIG. 2 shows the yoke 3.1 of the opening magnet 3, into which a laminated core 9 consisting of individual sheets 9.1 is inserted in the area of the coil window 3.2.
  • the laminated core 9 consists of many sheets 9.1 arranged parallel to one another.
  • the sheets 9.1 are arranged in the long axis of the rectangular actuator perpendicular to the wall of the coil window 3.2.
  • the sheets 9.1 are arranged in the short axis of the actuator parallel to the wall of the coil window 3.2.
  • FIG. 3 also shows the yoke 3.1 of the opening magnet 3 with an enlarged coil window 3.2, in which the excitation coil 3.3 carrying U-shaped sheets 9.1 of the sheet stack 9 are inserted.
  • the sheets 9.1 of the sheet stack 9 are, however, worked out in such a way that the slots 9.2 formed between two sheets 9.1 are always oriented perpendicular to the coil window 3.2. As a result, the slots 9.2 are perpendicular to the ones that form
  • FIG. 4 also shows the yoke 3.1 of the opening magnet 3 with an enlarged coil window 3.2 in which the excitation coil 3.3 carrying U-shaped sheets 9.1 of the sheet stack 9 are inserted.
  • Adjacent, uniform sheets 9.1 of the sheet stack 9 of FIG. 3 are each combined to form a larger shaped part. This creates four rounded shaped parts as corner pieces and two times two shaped parts for the straight sections of the coil window 3.2.
  • the advantages of this embodiment are based on the fact that the eddy currents preferably form in the vicinity of the coil window 3.2, and that the eddy currents can be effectively suppressed by just a few slots 9.2. Due to the smaller number of sheets 9.1 to be machined, this embodiment primarily offers significant cost advantages in the manufacture and assembly of the sheet stack 9.
  • the actuator for electromagnetic valve control in which the yokes 2.1, 3.1 of the electromagnets consist of at least one solid base part, and in which a sheet stack 9 consisting of sheets 9.1 is inserted into the at least one solid base part in the area of the coil window 2.2, 3.2 Avoid eddy currents effectively, the yokes 2.1, 3.1 being very strong and easy to handle during manufacture.

Abstract

The invention relates to an actuator for electromagnetic valve control. According to the invention, a laminated core is introduced into the yoke of the electromagnets in the area of the coil window, respectively, in order to prevent eddy currents.

Description

Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung Actuator for electromagnetic valve control
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung mit zwei Elektromagneten, zwischen denen eine Ankerplatte mit mindestens einem Stößel oszilliert, und die jeweils aus einem Joch mit einem Spulenfenster und einer Erregerspule bestehen. Ein Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung besteht im wesentlichen aus dem Öffnermagnet und dem Schließermagnet, die durch mindestens ein Bauteil aus einem nicht ferromagnetischen Material voneinander getrennt sind. Dieses Bauteil kann beispielsweise durch ein Gehäuseteil gebildet werden. Zwischen den Elektromagneten, dem Öffnermagnet und dem Schließermagnet, befindet sich die aus einem ferromagnetischen Material bestehende Ankerplatte, die durch Bestromen der Erregerspule des Öffnermagneten oder der Erregerspule des Schließermagneten in die jeweilige Richtung bewegt wird. Das Joch des Öffnermagneten weist eine Durchführung für einen Ventilstößel auf, der die auf die Ankerplatte einwirkenden Kräfte auf mindestens ein Gaswechselventil überträgt. Der Aktor kann beispielsweise so ausgeführt sein, daß die Aktorfeder auf der demThe invention relates to an actuator for electromagnetic valve control with two electromagnets, between which an armature plate oscillates with at least one plunger, and which each consist of a yoke with a coil window and an excitation coil. An actuator for electromagnetic valve control essentially consists of the opening magnet and the closing magnet, which are separated from one another by at least one component made of a non-ferromagnetic material. This component can be formed, for example, by a housing part. Between the electromagnets, the opening magnet and the closing magnet, there is the armature plate, which is made of a ferromagnetic material and is moved in the respective direction by energizing the excitation coil of the opening magnet or the excitation coil of the closing magnet. The yoke of the opening magnet has a bushing for a valve tappet, which transmits the forces acting on the armature plate to at least one gas exchange valve. The actuator can for example be designed so that the actuator spring on the
Gaswechselventil entgegengesetzten Seite des Aktors an der Außenseite des Schließermagneten angeordnet ist. Dazu ist in Verlängerung des Ventilstößels ein einen Aktorfederteller aufweisender Federstößel angeordnet, der durch eine Durchführung im Joch des Schließermagneten gelagert ist. Das Joch des Schließermagne- ten weist eine die Durchführung des Federstößels umgebende, eine Wandung bildende Ausformung auf, in der ein Innengewinde eingearbeitet ist. In das Innengewinde der Wandung ist ein Schraubdeckel eingeschraubt, der zusammen mit der Wandung einen Hohlraum bildet, in dem die auf dem Aktorfederteller aufliegende Aktorfeder angeordnet ist. Durch Verdrehen des Schraubdeckels kann die Vorspan- nung der Aktorfeder verändert werden, wodurch die Ruhelage der Ankerplatte einstellbar istGas exchange valve opposite side of the actuator is arranged on the outside of the closer magnet. For this purpose, a spring tappet having an actuator spring plate is arranged in the extension of the valve tappet and is supported by a bushing in the yoke of the closer magnet. The yoke of the closer magnet has a shape that surrounds the passage of the spring plunger and forms a wall, in which an internal thread is incorporated. A screw cap is screwed into the internal thread of the wall, which together with the wall forms a cavity in which the actuator spring resting on the actuator spring plate is arranged. By turning the screw cap, the preload tion of the actuator spring can be changed, whereby the rest position of the anchor plate is adjustable
Ein Aktor bildet mit einem Gaswechselventil eine fuπktionelle Einheit, wobei das Gaswechselventil, entsprechend einem konventionellen Zylinderkopf mit Nocken- wellen, mittels einer Ventilfeder und einem Ventilfederteller in den Ventilsitz desAn actuator forms a functional unit with a gas exchange valve, the gas exchange valve, corresponding to a conventional cylinder head with camshafts, by means of a valve spring and a valve spring plate in the valve seat of the
Zylinderkopfes gezogen wirdCylinder head is pulled
Ist eine funktioneile Einheit aus einem Aktor und einem Gaswechselventil an der Brennkraftmaschine montiert, werden der Ventilschaft des Gaswechselventils, der Ventilstoßel und der Federstoßel des Aktors gegeneinander gepreßt In der Ruhela- ge der funktionellen Einheit befindet sich die Ankerplatte in der Mitte zwischen demIf a functional unit consisting of an actuator and a gas exchange valve is mounted on the internal combustion engine, the valve stem of the gas exchange valve, the valve tappet and the spring tappet of the actuator are pressed against each other. In the rest position of the functional unit, the anchor plate is located in the middle between the
Offnermagnet und dem Schließermagnet, wobei die Ventilfeder und die Aktorfeder vorgespannt sind Der Ventilteller des Gaswechselventils befindet sich dabei in der Mittelstellung zwischen dem Ventilsitz des Zylinderkopfes, bei der das Gaswechselventil geschlossen ist, und der Position, in der das Gaswechselventil maximal geöff-Opener magnet and closer magnet, whereby the valve spring and the actuator spring are pretensioned. The valve plate of the gas exchange valve is in the middle position between the valve seat of the cylinder head, in which the gas exchange valve is closed, and the position in which the gas exchange valve is opened to the maximum.
Durch den sich beim Betrieb eines Aktors zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung standig ändernden magnetischen Feldern der Elektromagneten treten in dem Joch der Elektromagneten Wirbelstrome auf, die gemäß der Lenz'schen Regel dem magnetischen Feldaufbau bzw Feldabbau entgegenwirken, wodurch der Bedarf an elektrischer Leistung ansteigt und unerwünschte Warmebildung zunimmtDue to the constantly changing magnetic fields of the electromagnets during operation of an actuator for electromagnetic valve control, eddy currents occur in the yoke of the electromagnets, which counteract the magnetic field build-up or field breakdown according to Lenz's rule, whereby the need for electrical power increases and undesirable heat build-up increases
Zur Vermeidung von Wirbelstromen wird beispielsweise in der US 4,71 5,331 vorgeschlagen, das Joch der Elektromagneten entsprechend dem Eisenkern eines Transformators aus weichmagnetische Blechen zusammenzusetzenIn order to avoid eddy currents, it is proposed, for example in US Pat. No. 4,71,531, to assemble the yoke of the electromagnets from soft magnetic sheets in accordance with the iron core of a transformer
Die Nachteile derartig geblechter Joche besteht in der geringen mechanischen Festigkeit des Blechpaketes sowie in der hohen Anzahl von Einzelteilen, die bei derThe disadvantages of such sheet metal yokes are the low mechanical strength of the laminated core and the high number of individual parts that are used in the
Herstellung der Elektromagnete gehandhabt und bearbeitet werden müssenManufacture of the electromagnets must be handled and edited
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung anzugeben, bei dem Wirbelstrome im Joch der Elektromagneten wirkungsvoll unterdruckt werden, bei dem die Elektromagneten bei der Herstellung einfach gehandhabt und bearbeitet werden können, und bei dem die Joche die notwendige mechanische Festigkeit aufbringen Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemaß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelost, wonach das Joch der Elektromagneten aus mindestens einem massivem Basisteil besteht, und wonach in das mindestens eine massive Basisteil im Bereich des Spulenfensters ein aus Blechen bestehendes Blechpaket eingesetzt ist Dazu sind die Bleche des Blechpaketes U- formig ausgebildet, wobei in den U- formigen Blechen des Blechpaketes die Erregerspulen angeordnet sindThe invention has for its object to provide an actuator for electromagnetic valve control, in which eddy currents are effectively suppressed in the yoke of the electromagnets, in which the electromagnets can be easily handled and processed during manufacture, and in which the yokes provide the necessary mechanical strength This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1, according to which the yoke of the electromagnet consists of at least one solid base part, and according to which in the at least one solid base part in the area of the coil window a sheet stack consisting of sheets is inserted - Formed, wherein the excitation coils are arranged in the U-shaped sheets of the laminated core
Dabei ist vorgesehen, daß die U- formigen Bleche des Blechpaketes untereinander keine elektrisch leitfahige Verbindung aufweisenIt is provided that the U-shaped sheets of the laminated core have no electrically conductive connection with one another
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Bleche des Blechpaketes so geformt sind, daß die Bleche immer senkrecht zum Spulenfenster angeordnet sindIn an advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the sheets of the laminated core are shaped such that the sheets are always arranged perpendicular to the coil window
In einer weiteren Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß mehrere Bleche des Blechpaketes zu einem gemeinsamen Teil zusammengefaßt sind Beispielsweise werden mehrere, genau parallel nebeneinander angeordnete U- formige Bleche als U- formige Stange ausgebildetIn a further development of the invention it is provided that a plurality of sheets of the sheet stack are combined to form a common part. For example, a plurality of U-shaped sheets arranged exactly parallel to one another are designed as a U-shaped rod
In einer nächsten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Bleche des Blechpaketes mit einer Oberflachenbeschichtung versehen sind, die elektrisch nicht leitfahig istIn a next development of the invention it is provided that the sheets of the sheet stack are provided with a surface coating which is not electrically conductive
In einer letzten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß auf der das Spu- lenfenster aufweisenden Seite der Joche der Elektromagnete eine die Bleche desIn a last development of the invention, it is provided that on the side of the yokes of the electromagnet that has the coil window, the plates of the
Blechpaketes fixierende Abdeckung angeordnet istSheet metal package fixing cover is arranged
Durch den erfindungsgemaßen Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung, bei dem in das mindestens eine massive Basisteil ein aus Blechen bestehendes Blechpaket eingesetzt ist, wird durch die Schlitze zwischen den Blechen die Entstehung von Wirbelstromen im Joch der Elektromagneten wirksam unterdruckt, wobei durch das mindestens eine massive Basisteil die Joche bei der Herstellung einfach gehandhabt und bearbeitet werden können, und wobei die Joche, und damit die Elektromagnete, die notwendige mechanische Festigkeit aufbringenThe actuator according to the invention for electromagnetic valve control, in which a laminated core consisting of sheets is inserted into the at least one solid base part, effectively suppresses the formation of eddy currents in the yoke of the electromagnets through the slots between the sheets, with the at least one solid base part, which Yokes can be easily handled and processed during manufacture, and the yokes, and thus the electromagnets, provide the necessary mechanical strength
Im folgenden wird der Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung mit zwei Elektromagneten, die jeweils aus einem Joch mit einem Spulenfenster und einer Erregerspule bestehen, anhand von drei Ausfuhrungsbeispielen im Zusammenhang mit vier Figuren dargestellt und erläutertIn the following, the actuator for electromagnetic valve control with two electromagnets, each consisting of a yoke with a coil window and one Excitation coil exist, illustrated and explained using three exemplary embodiments in connection with four figures
Es zeigen Figur 1 ein Schnittbild eines Aktors zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung,1 shows a sectional view of an actuator for electromagnetic valve control,
Figur 2 die schematische Darstellung des massiven Jochs eines Elektromagneten, in das im Bereich des Spulenfensters ein Blechpaket eingesetzt ist, Figur 3 die schematische Darstellung des massiven Jochs eines Elektromagneten, in das ein Blechpaket eingesetzt ist, bei dem die Bleche immer senkrecht zum Spulenfenster angeordnet sind,2 shows the schematic representation of the solid yoke of an electromagnet, in which a laminated core is inserted in the area of the coil window, FIG. 3 shows the schematic representation of the solid yoke of an electromagnet, in which a laminated core is inserted, in which the laminations are always arranged perpendicular to the coil window ,
Figur 4 die schematische Darstellung des massiven Jochs eines Elektromagneten, in das ein Blechpaket eingesetzt ist, bei dem jeweils gleiche, sich berührende Bleche zu jeweils einem größeren Formteil zusammengefaßt sindFigure 4 is a schematic representation of the massive yoke of an electromagnet, in which a laminated core is inserted, in which the same, touching sheets are combined to form a larger molded part
In Figur 1 ist ein Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung dargestellt, der im wesentlichen aus zwei Elektromagneten, dem Offnermagnet 3 und dem Schließer- magnet 2 besteht Die Elektromagneten bestehen jeweils aus dem Joch 2 1 , 3 1 mit dem Spulenfenster 2.2, 3 2 und der Erregerspule 2 3, 3 3 Die Joche 2 1 , 3 1 der Elektromagnete bilden ein massives und stabiles Basisteil, das hohen auftretenden Kräften lange Zeit widersteht Das in den Jochen 2 1 , 3 1 der Elektromagnete übliche Spulenfenster 2 2, 3 2 ist zur Aufnahme der Bleche 9 1 des Blechpaketes ver- großert ausgebildet Zur Aufnahme der Erregerspule 2 3, 3 3 ist der wesentliche Teil der Bleche 9 1 U- formig ausgearbeitet, wobei die offene Seite der U- formigen Bleche 9 1 zur Jochoberseite hin orientiert ist Die Aussparung der U- formigen Bleche 9 1 bildet das eigentliche Spulenfenster 2 2, 3 2, in das die Erregerspule 2 3, 3 3 eingesetzt ist Die Elektromagneten werden durch zwei aus einem nicht ferro- magnetischen Material gefertigte Distanzstucke 4 voneinander getrennt Zwischen den Distanzstucken 4 oszilliert die Ankerplatte 5, an der der Ventilstoßel 6 1 befestigt ist, der die auf die Ankerplatte 5 einwirkenden Kräfte über eine Durchfuhrung im Joch 3 1 des Offnermagneten 3 auf ein Gaswechselventil übertragt In der Verlängerung des Ventilstoßels 6 1 liegt auf der Ankerplatte 5 ein Federstoßel 7 1 auf, der in einer Durchfuhrung im Joch 2 1 des Schließermagneten 2 gelagert ist, und der die auf die Ankerplatte 5 einwirkenden Kräfte auf die Aktorfeder 7 2 übertragt Dazu ist an dem der Ankerplatte 5 entgegengesetzten Ende des Federstoßeis 7 1 ein Aktorfederteller 7 3 ausgearbeitet, auf dem die Aktorfeder 7 2 aufliegt, und über den die Aktorfeder 7 2 den Federstoßel 7 1 gegen die Ankerplatte 5 preßt Die Aktorfeder 7 2 befindet sich in einer radialsymmetrisch um die Durchfuhrung des Federstoßeis 7 1 ausgebildeten, eine Wandung bildende Ausformung des Jochs 2 1 des Schließermagneten 2 Die Wandung weist auf der Innenseite ein Gewinde auf, in das ein Schraubdeckel 8 eingeschraubt ist Mittels des Schraubdeckels 8 kann die Vorspannung der Aktorfeder 7 2 verändert werden Beim Betrieb des Aktors werden die Elektromagneten üblicherweise abwechselnd bestromt, wobei sich in den Jochen 2 1 , 3 1 der Elektromagneten aufgrund der sich ändernden magnetischen Felder Wirbelstrome ausbilden Die Wirbelstrome wirken entsprechend der Lenz'schen Regel ihrer Ursache, der Magnetfeldanderung, entgegen, wodurch der Aufbau und der Abbau der magnetischen Felder gedampft bzw verlangsamt wird Daraus resultiert beim Betrieb der Aktoren eine Zunahme der1 shows an actuator for electromagnetic valve control, which essentially consists of two electromagnets, the opening magnet 3 and the closing magnet 2. The electromagnets each consist of the yoke 2 1, 3 1 with the coil window 2.2, 3 2 and the excitation coil 2 3, 3 3 The yokes 2 1, 3 1 of the electromagnets form a solid and stable base part that withstands high forces for a long time. The coil window 2 2, 3 2 that is common in the yokes 2 1, 3 1 is used to hold the Sheets 9 1 of the laminated core are enlarged to accommodate the excitation coil 2 3, 3 3, the essential part of the laminations 9 1 is U-shaped, the open side of the U-shaped sheets 9 1 being oriented toward the top of the yoke U-shaped sheets 9 1 form the actual coil window 2 2, 3 2, into which the excitation coil 2 3, 3 3 is inserted. The electromagnets are made of two from a non-ferromagnetic material al manufactured spacers 4 separated from each other The spacers 4 oscillate the anchor plate 5, to which the valve tappet 6 1 is attached, which transmits the forces acting on the anchor plate 5 via a passage in the yoke 3 1 of the opening magnet 3 to a gas exchange valve. In the extension of the valve tappet 6 1 lies on the anchor plate 5 a spring plunger 7 1, which is mounted in a bushing in the yoke 2 1 of the closing magnet 2, and which transmits the forces acting on the armature plate 5 to the actuator spring 7 2. For this purpose, the end of the spring plunger 7 1 opposite the armature plate 5 is a Actuator spring plate 7 3, on which the actuator spring 7 2 rests, and via which the actuator spring 7 2 presses the spring plunger 7 1 against the anchor plate 5. The actuator spring 7 2 is located in a radial symmetry around the passage of the spring plunger 7 1, forming a wall Formation of the yoke 2 1 of the closer magnet 2 The wall has a thread on the inside into which a Sc The screw cover 8 is screwed in. The prestress of the actuator spring 7 2 can be changed by means of the screw cover 8. When the actuator is operated, the electromagnets are usually alternately energized, with eddy currents forming in the yokes 2 1, 3 1 of the electromagnets due to the changing magnetic fields counteract their cause, the magnetic field change, according to Lenz's rule, whereby the build-up and breakdown of the magnetic fields is dampened or slowed down. This results in an increase in the operation of the actuators
Leistungsaufnahme und ein Anstieg der unerwünschten Erwärmung der Aktoren Die Wirbelstrome bilden sich im Joch 2 1 , 3 1 vorzugsweise im Randbereich des Spulenfensters 2 2, 3 2 ausPower consumption and an increase in the undesired heating of the actuators The eddy currents form in the yoke 2 1, 3 1, preferably in the edge region of the coil window 2 2, 3 2
In den Figuren 2 bis 4 ist jeweils das Joch 3 1 des Offnermagneten 3 dargestellt Das nicht dargestellte Joch 2 1 des Schließermagneten 2 ist jeweils komplementär zum Joch 3 1 des Offnermagneten 3 ausgebildet Die einzelnen, im Bereich des Spulenfensters 2 2, 3 2 angeordneten Bleche 9 1 des Blechpaketes 9 sind vorzugsweise durch eine Oberflachenbeschichtung miteinander verbunden, wodurch die einzelnen Bleche 9 1 des Blechpaketes 9 gegeneinander elektrisch isoliert sind, und wodurch das Blechpaket 9 wie ein einzelnes Teil gehandhabt werden kann Gegebenenfalls können die Bleche 9 1 des Blechpaketes durch ein auf die Joche 2 1 , 3 1 aufgeschraubtes Abdeckblech fixiert werden In der Figur 2 ist das Joch 3.1 des Öffnermagneten 3 dargestellt, in das im Bereich des Spulenfensters 3.2 ein aus einzelnen Blechen 9.1 bestehendes Blechpaket 9 eingesetzt ist. Das Blechpaket 9 besteht dabei aus vielen parallel zueinander angeordneten Blechen 9.1 . Die Bleche 9.1 sind in der langen Achse des rechteckigen Aktors senkrecht zur Wandung des Spulenfensters 3.2 angeordnet. Entsprechend sind die Bleche 9.1 in der kurzen Achse des Aktors parallel zur Wandung des Spulenfensters 3.2 angeordnet.FIGS. 2 to 4 each show the yoke 3 1 of the opening magnet 3. The yoke 2 1, not shown, of the closing magnet 2 is in each case complementary to the yoke 3 1 of the opening magnet 3. The individual sheets arranged in the area of the coil window 2 2, 3 2 9 1 of the laminated core 9 are preferably connected to one another by a surface coating, as a result of which the individual sheets 9 1 of the laminated core 9 are electrically insulated from one another, and whereby the laminated core 9 can be handled like a single part the yokes 2 1, 3 1 screwed cover plate are fixed FIG. 2 shows the yoke 3.1 of the opening magnet 3, into which a laminated core 9 consisting of individual sheets 9.1 is inserted in the area of the coil window 3.2. The laminated core 9 consists of many sheets 9.1 arranged parallel to one another. The sheets 9.1 are arranged in the long axis of the rectangular actuator perpendicular to the wall of the coil window 3.2. Correspondingly, the sheets 9.1 are arranged in the short axis of the actuator parallel to the wall of the coil window 3.2.
Durch die aneinander liegenden, gegeneinander isolierten Bleche 9.1 des Blechpaketes 9 entstehen eine Vielzahl von Schlitze 9.2, die beim Betrieb des Aktors der Entstehung von Wirbelströmen entsprechend einem hochohmigen Widerstand entgegenstehen. Durch die Vermeidung von Wirbelströmen nimmt die Leistungsaufnahme beim Betrieb der Aktoren um bis zu 20% ab. Durch die geringere Leistungsaufnahme der Aktoren kann auch die Kühlung entsprechend geringer ausgelegt werden. In der Figur 3 ist ebenfalls das Joch 3.1 des Öffnermagneten 3 mit einem vergrößert ausgearbeiteten Spulenfenster 3.2 dargestellt, in dem die Erregerspule 3.3 tragende U- förmigen Bleche 9.1 des Blechpaketes 9 eingesetzt sind. Die Bleche 9.1 des Blechpaketes 9 sind dabei jedoch so ausgearbeitet, daß die sich zwischen zwei Blechen 9.1 bildenden Schlitze 9.2 immer senkrecht zum Spulenfenster 3.2 orien- tiert sind. Dadurch stehen die Schlitze 9.2 senkrecht zu den sich ausbildendenDue to the mutually insulated, mutually insulated sheets 9.1 of the laminated core 9, a large number of slots 9.2 are formed which, during operation of the actuator, prevent the formation of eddy currents corresponding to a high resistance. By avoiding eddy currents, the power consumption when operating the actuators is reduced by up to 20%. Due to the lower power consumption of the actuators, the cooling can also be designed correspondingly lower. FIG. 3 also shows the yoke 3.1 of the opening magnet 3 with an enlarged coil window 3.2, in which the excitation coil 3.3 carrying U-shaped sheets 9.1 of the sheet stack 9 are inserted. The sheets 9.1 of the sheet stack 9 are, however, worked out in such a way that the slots 9.2 formed between two sheets 9.1 are always oriented perpendicular to the coil window 3.2. As a result, the slots 9.2 are perpendicular to the ones that form
Wirbelströmen, wodurch diese sehr effektiv unterdrückt werden.Eddy currents, which are very effectively suppressed.
In der Figur 4 ist ebenfalls das Joch 3.1 des Öffnermagneten 3 mit einem vergrößert ausgearbeiteten Spulenfenster 3.2 dargestellt, in dem die Erregerspule 3.3 tragenden U- förmigen Bleche 9.1 des Blechpaketes 9 eingesetzt sind. Dabei sind benach- barte, gleichförmige Bleche 9.1 des Blechpaketes 9 der Figur 3 zu jeweils einem größeren Formteit zusammengefaßt. Dadurch entstehen vier gerundete Formteile als Eckstücke und zwei mal zwei Formteile für die geraden Abschnitte des Spulenfensters 3.2. Die Vorteile diese Ausführung beruhen darauf, daß sich die Wirbelströme vorzugsweise in der Nähe des Spulenfensters 3.2 ausbilden, und daß die Wirbel- ströme bereits durch wenige Schlitze 9.2 wirkungsvoll unterdrückt werden können. Diese Ausführung bietet durch die geringere Anzahl zu bearbeitender Bleche 9.1 vor allem deutliche Kostenvorteile bei der Herstellung und bei der Montage des Blechpaketes 9.FIG. 4 also shows the yoke 3.1 of the opening magnet 3 with an enlarged coil window 3.2 in which the excitation coil 3.3 carrying U-shaped sheets 9.1 of the sheet stack 9 are inserted. Adjacent, uniform sheets 9.1 of the sheet stack 9 of FIG. 3 are each combined to form a larger shaped part. This creates four rounded shaped parts as corner pieces and two times two shaped parts for the straight sections of the coil window 3.2. The advantages of this embodiment are based on the fact that the eddy currents preferably form in the vicinity of the coil window 3.2, and that the eddy currents can be effectively suppressed by just a few slots 9.2. Due to the smaller number of sheets 9.1 to be machined, this embodiment primarily offers significant cost advantages in the manufacture and assembly of the sheet stack 9.
Durch den Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung, bei dem die Joche 2.1 , 3.1 der Elektromagneten aus mindestens einem massivem Basisteil bestehen, und bei dem in das mindestens eine massive Basisteil im Bereich des Spulenfensters 2.2, 3.2 ein aus Blechen 9.1 bestehendes Blechpaket 9 eingesetzt ist, werden Wirbelströme wirkungsvoll vermeiden, wobei die Joche 2.1 , 3.1 eine hohe Festigkeit aufweisen und bei der Herstellung einfach gehandhabt werden können. The actuator for electromagnetic valve control, in which the yokes 2.1, 3.1 of the electromagnets consist of at least one solid base part, and in which a sheet stack 9 consisting of sheets 9.1 is inserted into the at least one solid base part in the area of the coil window 2.2, 3.2 Avoid eddy currents effectively, the yokes 2.1, 3.1 being very strong and easy to handle during manufacture.

Claims

Patentansprücheclaims
1 Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung mit zwei Elektromagneten (2, 3), zwischen denen eine Ankerplatte (5) mit mindestens einem Stößel (6 1 ) oszilliert, und die jeweils aus einem Joch (2.1 , 3 1 ) mit einem Spulenfenster (2 2, 3.2) und einer Erregerspule (2 3, 3 3) bestehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Joche der Elektromagneten aus mindestens einem massivem Basisteil bestehen, und daß in das mindestens eine massive Basisteil im Bereich des Spulenfensters ein aus Blechen bestehendes Blechpaket eingesetzt ist 2. Aktor nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bleche des Blechpaketes (9) U - formig ausgebildet sind, und daß in den U - formigen Blechen des Blechpaketes (9) die Erregerspulen (2.3, 3.3) angeordnet sind1 actuator for electromagnetic valve control with two electromagnets (2, 3), between which an armature plate (5) oscillates with at least one plunger (6 1), and each of which consists of a yoke (2.1, 3 1) with a coil window (2 2, 3.2) and an excitation coil (2 3, 3 3), characterized in that the yokes of the electromagnets consist of at least one solid base part, and that in the at least one solid base part in the area of the coil window a sheet metal stack consisting of sheets is inserted 2. Actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal sheets of the laminated core (9) are U-shaped and that the excitation coils (2.3, 3.3) are arranged in the U-shaped metal sheets of the laminated core (9)
3 Aktor nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bleche des Blechpaketes (9) gegeneinander elektrisch isoliert sind Aktor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bleche des Blechpaketes so geformt sind, daß die Bleche immer senkrecht zum Spulenfenster angeordnet sind Aktor nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Bleche des Blechpaketes zu einem gemeinsamen Formteil zusammengefaßt sind Aktor nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bleche des Blechpaketes (9) mit einer Oberflachenbeschichtung versehen sind, die elektrisch nicht leitfahig ist Aktor nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflachenbeschichtung eine Pulverbeschichtung, eine Kunststoffbe- Schichtung, eine Lackierung oder ein Klebstoff ist Aktor nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der Seite des Spulenfensters (2.2, 3.2) der Joche (2.1 , 3.1 ) der Elektromagnete (2, 3) eine das Blechpaket (9) fixierende Abdeckung angeordnet ist. 3 actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the sheets of the laminated core (9) are electrically insulated from each other actuator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sheets of the laminated core are shaped so that the sheets are always arranged perpendicular to the coil window are actuators according to claim 4, characterized in that several sheets of the laminated core are combined to form a common molded part. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheets of the laminated core (9) are provided with a surface coating which is electrically non-conductive actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface coating is a powder coating, a plastic coating, a paint or an adhesive Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cover which fixes the laminated core (9) is arranged on the side of the coil window (2.2, 3.2) of the yokes (2.1, 3.1) of the electromagnets (2, 3).
PCT/EP2000/004024 1999-05-29 2000-05-05 Actuator for electromagnetic valve control WO2000074087A1 (en)

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DE10241591A1 (en) * 2002-09-05 2004-03-18 Technische Universität Dresden Electromagnetic actuator drive especially for combustion engine gas-exchange valves, has sleeve-shaped armature mounted on carrier element and designed as common armature for both magnets
FR2916103B1 (en) * 2007-05-11 2009-06-26 Cnes Epic ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR WITH VARIABLE RELUCTANCE

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FR1311694A (en) * 1961-01-24 1962-12-07 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Improvements to laminated magnetic cores, in particular for electric induction devices
US3743898A (en) * 1970-03-31 1973-07-03 Oded Eddie Sturman Latching actuators
EP0138408A2 (en) * 1983-10-19 1985-04-24 Sanmeidenki Kabushikikaisha An electromagnet and a method for manufacturing it
US5153475A (en) * 1991-01-08 1992-10-06 Contraves Usa, Inc. Magnetic axial force actuator construction
EP0795881A1 (en) * 1996-03-11 1997-09-17 Denso Corporation Electromagnetic device with stator displacement regulation
DE19825728A1 (en) * 1997-07-15 1999-01-21 Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg Electromagnetic actuator for automobile IC engine gas exchange valve control

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