WO2001014494A1 - Abrasive grains for grindstones, with improved anchoring capacity - Google Patents

Abrasive grains for grindstones, with improved anchoring capacity Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001014494A1
WO2001014494A1 PCT/FR2000/002271 FR0002271W WO0114494A1 WO 2001014494 A1 WO2001014494 A1 WO 2001014494A1 FR 0002271 W FR0002271 W FR 0002271W WO 0114494 A1 WO0114494 A1 WO 0114494A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
abrasive grains
grains
grains according
section
grinding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2000/002271
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-André Alary
Original Assignee
Pem Abrasifs-Refractaires
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Publication date
Application filed by Pem Abrasifs-Refractaires filed Critical Pem Abrasifs-Refractaires
Priority to AU68515/00A priority Critical patent/AU6851500A/en
Publication of WO2001014494A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001014494A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C09K3/1409—Abrasive particles per se
    • C09K3/1418—Abrasive particles per se obtained by division of a mass agglomerated by sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of abrasive grains based on alumina or bauxite, obtained by powder sintering and intended for the manufacture of grinding wheels in which the abrasive grains are dispersed in a resin-based bonding agent, in particular the grinding wheels used for slashing stainless steel slabs.
  • the grinding stones intended for the slitting of the slabs, for the deburring of the raw casting parts, or for the grinding of the metals are prepared from abrasive grains which can be, as the case may be, obtained either by grinding a product known as rock consisting of a solid product resulting from the solidification of a liquid product, for example an electrofused abrasive such as corundum, or by sintering of powder when it consists of preformed grains which retain their geometric shape during sintering which gives them their abrasive properties.
  • Norton patent EP 0119498 describes a grinding wheel produced using a mixture of the two types of grains.
  • US Patent 3239970 to Carborundum describes a process for manufacturing abrasive grains made of sintered bauxite by crushing natural bauxite, calcination, mixing with a binder to form a paste, extruding the paste, cutting the grains and sintering.
  • the section of the extruded grains can be round, square, triangular or polygonal; the smallest grain size given in the examples is 1/8 inch (3.2 mm).
  • the sintered abrasive grains offered today on the market come in the form of trunks of cylinders. The quality of the millstones produced with these grains is limited by their tendency to loosen; this is particularly the case for grinding wheels for stainless steel ingots. Purpose of the invention.
  • the object of the invention is to obtain, using the conventional technique of manufacturing abrasives by sintering, improved anchoring of the grains in the grinding wheel.
  • the subject of the invention is sintered abrasive grains based on bauxite or alumina for which the surface / volume ratio is greater than 2 mm "1 (preferably 10 mm " 1 , and even more preferably 20 mm “1 ) and having a prismatic shape truncated by two surfaces, for example substantially planar surfaces and perpendicular to the axis of the prism.
  • the particularly advantageous forms of the prism have a section with concavities, for example a star section, and preferably having a symmetry of revolution of order 3 to 6.
  • the height / width ratio of the grains is preferably between 1 and 2.5.
  • the single figure is a diagram representing, for the 4 examples, the results of the abrasion test carried out on a stainless steel of type AISI 304L with grinding wheels produced in the same way, comprising abrasive grains based on sintered bauxite. various geometries.
  • the diagram has the pressure applied to the grinding wheel on the abscissa, and the ratio G between the mass of steel removed and the mass of grinding wheel worn in the same period on the ordinate.
  • the abrasive grains according to the invention are effectively anchored in the bonding of the grinding wheels and thus limit their loosening during difficult abrasion operations.
  • a batch of abrasive grains of sintered bauxite of cylindrical shape with a diameter of 0.35 mm and a height was produced according to the same technique as in the previous example. between 0.35 mm and 1.0 mm, having a mass per unit length of 0.37 mg / mm and a surface / volume ratio of 11.4 mm " .

Abstract

The invention concerns sintered bauxite or alumina abrasive grains wherein the surface/volume ratio is greater that 2 mm-1 and which have a prismatic shape truncated by two surfaces, for example planar surfaces substantially perpendicular to the prism axis. Said abrasive grains are used in particular for making grindstones, in particular designed for scarfing stainless steel.

Description

Grains abrasifs pour meules, à capacité d'ancrage améliorée. Abrasive grains for grinding wheels, with improved anchoring capacity.
Domaine technique de l'invention :Technical field of the invention:
L'invention concerne le domaine des grains abrasifs à base d'alumine ou de bauxite, obtenus par frittage de poudre et destinés à la fabrication des meules dans lesquelles les grains abrasifs sont dispersés dans un agglomérant à base de résine, en particulier les meules utilisées pour le décriquage des brames d'acier inoxydable.The invention relates to the field of abrasive grains based on alumina or bauxite, obtained by powder sintering and intended for the manufacture of grinding wheels in which the abrasive grains are dispersed in a resin-based bonding agent, in particular the grinding wheels used for slashing stainless steel slabs.
Etat de la technique :State of the art:
Les meules destinées au décriquage des brames, à l'ébavurage des pièces brutes de coulée, ou à la rectification des métaux sont préparées à partir de grains abrasifs qui peuvent être, selon les cas, obtenus soit par broyage d'un produit dit en roche constitué d'un produit massif résultat de la solidification d'un produit liquide, par exemple un abrasif électrofondu comme le corindon, soit par frittage de poudre quand il est constitué de grains préformés qui conservent leur forme géométrique au cours du frittage qui leur donne leurs propriétés abrasives. Le brevet FR 1275089 (= US 3079243) de Norton décrit des grains frittes de ce type en bauxite naturelle calcinée. Le brevet EP 0119498 de Norton décrit une meule réalisée à l'aide d'un mélange des deux types de grains. Le brevet US 3239970 de Carborundum décrit un procédé de fabrication de grains abrasifs en bauxite frittée par concassage de la bauxite naturelle, calcination, mélange à un liant pour former une pâte, extrusion de la pâte, découpe des grains et frittage. La section des grains extrudés peut être ronde, carrée, triangulaire ou polygonale ; la plus petite dimension des grains donnée dans les exemples est 1/8 de pouce (3,2 mm). Les grains abrasifs frittes offerts aujourd'hui sur le marché se présentent sous la forme de troncs de cylindres. La qualité des meules fabriquées avec ces grains est limitée par leur tendance au déchaussement ; c'est en particulier le cas pour les meules de décriquage des lingots d'acier inoxydable. But de l'invention.The grinding stones intended for the slitting of the slabs, for the deburring of the raw casting parts, or for the grinding of the metals are prepared from abrasive grains which can be, as the case may be, obtained either by grinding a product known as rock consisting of a solid product resulting from the solidification of a liquid product, for example an electrofused abrasive such as corundum, or by sintering of powder when it consists of preformed grains which retain their geometric shape during sintering which gives them their abrasive properties. Norton patent FR 1275089 (= US 3079243) describes sintered grains of this type in calcined natural bauxite. Norton patent EP 0119498 describes a grinding wheel produced using a mixture of the two types of grains. US Patent 3239970 to Carborundum describes a process for manufacturing abrasive grains made of sintered bauxite by crushing natural bauxite, calcination, mixing with a binder to form a paste, extruding the paste, cutting the grains and sintering. The section of the extruded grains can be round, square, triangular or polygonal; the smallest grain size given in the examples is 1/8 inch (3.2 mm). The sintered abrasive grains offered today on the market come in the form of trunks of cylinders. The quality of the millstones produced with these grains is limited by their tendency to loosen; this is particularly the case for grinding wheels for stainless steel ingots. Purpose of the invention.
L'invention a pour but d'obtenir, en utilisant la technique classique de fabrication d'abrasifs par frittage, un ancrage amélioré des grains dans la meule.The object of the invention is to obtain, using the conventional technique of manufacturing abrasives by sintering, improved anchoring of the grains in the grinding wheel.
Objet de l'invention.Subject of the invention.
L'invention a pour objet des grains abrasifs frittes à base de bauxite ou d'alumine pour lesquels le rapport surface/volume est supérieur à 2 mm"1 (de préférence à 10 mm"1, et encore plus préférentiellement à 20 mm"1) et présentant une forme prismatique tronquée par deux surfaces, par exemple des surfaces sensiblement planes et perpendiculaires à l'axe du prisme. Les formes particulièrement avantageuses du prisme présentent une section avec des concavités, par exemple une section en étoile, et présentant de préférence une symétrie de révolution d'ordre 3 à 6. Le rapport hauteur/largeur des grains est compris, de préférence, entre 1 et 2,5.The subject of the invention is sintered abrasive grains based on bauxite or alumina for which the surface / volume ratio is greater than 2 mm "1 (preferably 10 mm " 1 , and even more preferably 20 mm "1 ) and having a prismatic shape truncated by two surfaces, for example substantially planar surfaces and perpendicular to the axis of the prism. The particularly advantageous forms of the prism have a section with concavities, for example a star section, and preferably having a symmetry of revolution of order 3 to 6. The height / width ratio of the grains is preferably between 1 and 2.5.
Description des figuresDescription of the figures
La figure unique est un diagramme représentant, pour les 4 exemples, les résultats de l'essai d'abrasion effectué sur un acier inoxydable de type AISI 304L avec des meules réalisées de la même façon, comportant des grains abrasifs à base de bauxite frittée de géométries diverses. Le diagramme comporte en abscisse la pression appliquée sur la meule, et en ordonnée le rapport G entre la masse d'acier enlevé et la masse de meule usée dans la même période.The single figure is a diagram representing, for the 4 examples, the results of the abrasion test carried out on a stainless steel of type AISI 304L with grinding wheels produced in the same way, comprising abrasive grains based on sintered bauxite. various geometries. The diagram has the pressure applied to the grinding wheel on the abscissa, and the ratio G between the mass of steel removed and the mass of grinding wheel worn in the same period on the ordinate.
Description de l'inventionDescription of the invention
Une étude expérimentale a permis de comparer les performances de meules réalisées à partir de grains abrasifs en bauxite frittée préparés suivant la même technique d'extrusion, ne se différenciant que par le seul paramètre de la forme de leur section . Trois formes de section ont été réalisées : une section circulaire, une section carrée et une section en étoile à cinq branches.An experimental study made it possible to compare the performance of grinding wheels produced from sintered bauxite abrasive grains prepared according to the same extrusion technique, differing only by the sole parameter of the shape of their section. Three section shapes were produced: a circular section, a square section and a five-pointed star section.
Les résultats de cette étude montrent que la performance des meules fabriquées avec ces grains abrasifs augmente, pour une forme géométrique donnée, avec le rapport surface/volume des grains . Mais on remarque également, de manière inattendue, que, pour des rapport surface/volume peu différents, l'amélioration obtenue est plus importante avec des grains prismatiques qu'avec des grains cylindriques.The results of this study show that the performance of grinding wheels manufactured with these abrasive grains increases, for a given geometric shape, with the surface / volume ratio of the grains. But we also notice, unexpectedly, that, for slightly different surface / volume ratios, the improvement obtained is greater with prismatic grains than with cylindrical grains.
Les grains abrasifs selon l'invention s'ancrent de manière efficace dans l'agglomérant des meules et limitent ainsi leur déchaussement lors des opérations d'abrasion difficiles.The abrasive grains according to the invention are effectively anchored in the bonding of the grinding wheels and thus limit their loosening during difficult abrasion operations.
Exemples :Examples:
Exemple 1Example 1
On a fabriqué, selon la technique décrite dans le brevet US 3,239,970, un lot de référence constitué de grains de bauxite frittée de densité 3,85, de forme cylindrique de diamètre 0,50 mm et de hauteur comprise entre 0,5 mm et 1,28 mm, présentant une masse par unité de longueur de 0,76 mg/mm et un rapport surface/volume de 8 mm" . Ces grains abrasifs ont servi à la fabrication de meules par incorporation dans une résine. Les meules ont été évaluées par un test de meulage effectué sur des barreaux de section carrée en acier inoxydable austénitique du type AISI 304L.Was manufactured according to the technique described in US Patent 3,239,970, a reference lot consisting of sintered bauxite grains of density 3.85, of cylindrical shape with a diameter of 0.50 mm and a height between 0.5 mm and 1 , 28 mm, with a mass per unit length of 0.76 mg / mm and an area / volume ratio of 8 mm " . These abrasive grains were used for the manufacture of grinding wheels by incorporation in a resin. The grinding wheels were evaluated by a grinding test carried out on bars of square section in austenitic stainless steel of type AISI 304L.
Ces essais ont été effectués à trois pressions de meulage différentes de 1, 2 et 3 kg/cm2, cette pression étant définie par le quotient de la poussée exercée par la meule sur le barreau par la section du barreau. Pour chaque essai, on a mesuré le rapport de la masse d'acier enlevé sur la masse de meule usée. Ce rapport G est un bon indicateur de la performance de la meule, qui dépend essentiellement de la qualité des grains abrasifs. Les résultats sont reportés sur le diagramme représenté à la figure unique.These tests were carried out at three different grinding pressures of 1, 2 and 3 kg / cm 2 , this pressure being defined by the quotient of the thrust exerted by the grinding wheel on the bar by the section of the bar. For each test, the ratio of the mass of steel removed to the mass of worn grinding wheel was measured. This G ratio is a good indicator of the performance of the grinding wheel, which essentially depends on the quality of the abrasive grains. The results are plotted on the diagram shown in the single figure.
Exemple 2Example 2
On a fabriqué selon la même technique qu'à l'exemple précédent, un lot de grains abrasifs de bauxite frittée de forme cylindrique de diamètre 0,35 mm et de hauteur comprise entre 0,35 mm et 1,0 mm, présentant une masse par unité de longueur de 0,37 mg/mm et un rapport surface/volume de 11,4 mm" .A batch of abrasive grains of sintered bauxite of cylindrical shape with a diameter of 0.35 mm and a height was produced according to the same technique as in the previous example. between 0.35 mm and 1.0 mm, having a mass per unit length of 0.37 mg / mm and a surface / volume ratio of 11.4 mm " .
Ces grains abrasifs, ont été incorporés dans des meules qui ont été évaluées par le même test de meulage qu'à l'exemple 1. Le rapport G de la masse d'acier enlevé sur la masse de meule usée a été augmenté de 10%> environ, comme représenté sur la figure, ce qui montre l'influence favorable de l'augmentation du rapport surface/volume pour la même forme cylindrique.These abrasive grains were incorporated into grinding wheels which were evaluated by the same grinding test as in Example 1. The ratio G of the mass of steel removed on the mass of worn grinding wheel was increased by 10% > approximately, as shown in the figure, which shows the favorable influence of the increase in the surface / volume ratio for the same cylindrical shape.
Exemple 3Example 3
On a fabriqué, toujours selon la même technique, un lot de grains abrasifs de bauxite frittée de forme prismatique et de section carrée de 0,35 mm de côté et de hauteur comprise entre 0,5 mm et 1,28 mm présentant une masse par unité de longueur de 0,47 mg/mm et un rapport surface sur volume de 2,86 mm , nettement inférieur à celui des grains des exemples 1 et 2.A batch of sintered bauxite abrasive grains of prismatic shape and square section of 0.35 mm per side and height between 0.5 mm and 1.28 mm having a mass per length unit of 0.47 mg / mm and a surface area to volume ratio of 2.86 mm, significantly lower than that of the grains of Examples 1 and 2.
Des meules préparées à partir de ces grains ont été évaluées par le même test de meulage qu'à l'exemple 1 ; le rapport G de la masse d'acier enlevé sur la masse de meule usée a été augmenté de 20% par rapport à l'exemple 1, ce qui montre l'influence importante du changement de forme géométrique.Grindstones prepared from these grains were evaluated by the same grinding test as in Example 1; the ratio G of the mass of steel removed on the mass of worn grinding wheel was increased by 20% compared to Example 1, which shows the significant influence of the change in geometric shape.
Exemple 4Example 4
On a fabriqué, toujours selon la même technique, un lot de grains abrasifs de bauxite frittée de forme prismatique et de section étoilée (étoile à 5 branches) s'inscrivant dans un cercle de diamètre 0,5 mm, de hauteur comprise entre 0,5 mm et 1,28 mm, présentant une masse par unité de longueur de 0,27 mg/mm, mais avec un rapport surface sur volume de 23,4 mm , soit environ 3 fois la valeur correspondante de l'exemple 1. Les meules préparées à l'aide de ces grains ont été évaluées par le même test de meulage qu'à l'exemple 1; le rapport G de la masse d'acier enlevé sur la masse de meule usée a été augmenté de 40% environ, comme représenté sur la figure. Cet essai montre l'effet de synergie obtenu par une forme géométrique particulièrement bien adaptée et un rapport surface/volume important. We produced, always using the same technique, a batch of sintered bauxite grains of prismatic shape and star section (5-pointed star) forming part of a circle with a diameter of 0.5 mm, height between 0, 5 mm and 1.28 mm, having a mass per unit length of 0.27 mg / mm, but with a surface area to volume ratio of 23.4 mm, ie approximately 3 times the corresponding value of Example 1. The grinding wheels prepared using these grains were evaluated by the same grinding test as in Example 1; the ratio G of the mass of steel removed to the mass of worn grinding wheel has been increased by approximately 40%, as shown in the figure. This essay shows the effect synergy obtained by a particularly well suited geometric shape and a large surface / volume ratio.

Claims

Revendicationsclaims
1) Grains abrasifs préparés par frittage de poudre d'alumine ou de bauxite, caractérisés en ce qu'ils présentent un rapport surface/volume supérieur à 2 mm" et de préférence à 10 mm"1, et une forme prismatique tronquée1) Abrasive grains prepared by sintering alumina or bauxite powder, characterized in that they have a surface / volume ratio greater than 2 mm " and preferably 10 mm " 1 , and a truncated prismatic shape
2) Grains abrasifs selon la revendication 1, caractérisés par une forme prismatique tronquée par deux surfaces sensiblement planes et perpendiculaires à l'axe du prisme2) Abrasive grains according to claim 1, characterized by a prismatic shape truncated by two substantially flat surfaces and perpendicular to the axis of the prism
3) Grains abrasifs selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisés en ce que le prisme présente une section avec des concavités3) Abrasive grains according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the prism has a section with concavities
4) Grains abrasifs selon la revendication 3, caractérisés en ce que le prisme a une section en étoile4) Abrasive grains according to claim 3, characterized in that the prism has a star section
5) Grains abrasifs selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisés en ce que la section du prisme présente une symétrie de révolution d'ordre trois à six5) Abrasive grains according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the section of the prism has a symmetry of revolution of order three to six
6) Grains abrasifs selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisés en ce qu'ils présentent un rapport hauteur sur largeur compris entre 1,0 et 2,56) Abrasive grains according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that they have a height to width ratio of between 1.0 and 2.5
7) Grains abrasifs selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisés en ce qu'ils présentent un rapport surface/volume supérieur à 20 mm"1 7) Abrasive grains according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that they have a surface / volume ratio greater than 20 mm "1
8) Utilisation de grains abrasifs selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 pour la fabrication de meules de décriquage d'acier 8) Use of abrasive grains according to one of claims 1 to 7 for the manufacture of steel cutting wheels
PCT/FR2000/002271 1999-08-20 2000-08-08 Abrasive grains for grindstones, with improved anchoring capacity WO2001014494A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU68515/00A AU6851500A (en) 1999-08-20 2000-08-08 Abrasive grains for grindstones, with improved anchoring capacity

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR99/10756 1999-08-20
FR9910756A FR2797638B1 (en) 1999-08-20 1999-08-20 ABRASIVE GRAINS FOR GRINDING WHEELS WITH IMPROVED ANCHORING CAPACITY

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FR2797638A1 (en) 2001-02-23

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