WO2001049477A1 - Verfahren zum modellbau - Google Patents
Verfahren zum modellbau Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001049477A1 WO2001049477A1 PCT/DE2000/004387 DE0004387W WO0149477A1 WO 2001049477 A1 WO2001049477 A1 WO 2001049477A1 DE 0004387 W DE0004387 W DE 0004387W WO 0149477 A1 WO0149477 A1 WO 0149477A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- model
- application head
- volume
- application
- cad data
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
- B29B7/76—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head
- B29B7/7631—Parts; Accessories
- B29B7/7636—Construction of the feed orifices, bores, ports
- B29B7/7642—Adjustable feed orifices, e.g. for controlling the rate of feeding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
- B29B7/76—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head
- B29B7/7663—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head the mixing head having an outlet tube with a reciprocating plunger, e.g. with the jets impinging in the tube
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/003—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/24—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
- B29C67/246—Moulding high reactive monomers or prepolymers, e.g. by reaction injection moulding [RIM], liquid injection moulding [LIM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Z—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G16Z99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0002—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped monomers or prepolymers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for model construction according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the model is built up in layers from a plastic, which increases its volume immediately before application or after application, or when applying from an application head, for example a rigid PU foam.
- FIGS. 2a-d a first variant of the method
- FIGS. 3a-d a second variant of the method
- Fig. 6 is a detailed view of the mixing head.
- Fig. 1 shows an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention.
- the device has an application head attached to a portal robot 20.
- the application head 10 consists of a mixer 12 with a nozzle 14.
- a suitable mixer / nozzle unit is described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 described.
- Two components A and B which are each located in tanks 30, 40, are first conveyed to the two high-pressure pumps 32, 42 with the two low-pressure delivery systems 36, 46.
- the two servo motor Ren 34, 44 high-pressure pumps 32, 42 driven by electromechanical linear units, which work here according to the double-acting piston pump principle, pump the components with a system pressure of 100-200 bar on to the mixer 12.
- the level of the delivery pressure is recorded with pressure transducers, and forwarded to the central computer.
- the pulsation in the connected connecting lines is smoothed by means of nitrogen bubbles.
- the components are mixed in the mixer 12 and exit through the nozzle 14.
- Components A and B carry out a chemical reaction, which leads to an increase in volume of the substance.
- the application head is moved in all three spatial directions, so that a model is built up in layers.
- the foam formed by the two components A and B reaches its final volume so quickly and develops such a high initial strength that a new layer can be applied to the previously generated foam layer each time the application head is run through.
- the layer thickness of each foam layer is approximately between 1 and 5 cm.
- the entire system is controlled by a central computer, the control signals being generated from a CAD data record. It is important that the movement of the mixing head on its space curve is synchronized with the delivery rate of the high pressure pumps 32, 42.
- MDI isocyanate
- the system has a measuring system which controls the shape of the model part already produced. Feedback to the central computer can thus be used to compensate for setpoint deviations in the subsequent runs, for example by changing the mixing ratio of components A and B or by changing the speed of the application head.
- the basic model is first made to undersize (FIG. A), b)).
- a plastic generally a two-component plastic
- this second application head 50 must be movable in five axes. Since it should be difficult to apply the plastic in such a way that an exact external dimension is obtained, it is advisable to apply this plastic with an oversize and to mill the model to the desired size after curing.
- a milling head 60 used for this can also be CNC-controlled and must generally have 5 axes. It is conceivable that all of this work is carried out by the same gantry robot, with only the working heads being replaced.
- the basic model is first manufactured with an oversize. This basic model is then brought to the desired size by means of a milling head 60. To get a hard surface now applied a two-component plastic by means of a spray head 70.
- intermediate layers for example made of aluminum sheet or foil, between the layers of the model.
- Such intermediate layers can be smooth, perforated or perforated and intertwined - for example expanded metal.
- Such sheets / foils are each placed on the top layer after a "passage" of the application head. This can be done by hand or by means of a robot.
- Such intermediate layers have the advantage that they absorb tensile forces and thus can stabilize the model and how many such intermediate layers are necessary or desirable depends, among other things, on the size of the model and the choice of material.
- a suitable mixing head is shown in cross section in FIG. Mixer 12 and nozzle 14 form a structural unit here.
- a mixing chamber housing 105 has a cylindrical mixing chamber 100 which is open at the bottom and thus forms the nozzle 14.
- the piston 150 is axially displaceably mounted in the mixing chamber housing 105.
- the axial displacement of the piston 150 is effected by means of the hydraulic piston 160 mounted in the hydraulic cylinder 120.
- the hydraulic piston 160 is rigidly coupled to the hydraulic rod 165, which carries the first ball bearing 168 at its lower end.
- the spline shaft 155 is held on the inner rim of the ball bearing 168, so that the hydraulic rod 165 and spline shaft 155 are axially coupled, but are decoupled with respect to the rotation about the axis AA.
- the spline shaft 155 penetrates the coupling element 140, whereby the coupling element 140 and spline shaft 155 are coupled in their rotational movement.
- the piston 150 arranged in the mixing chamber 100 is fastened at the end of the spline shaft 155.
- the above-mentioned coupling element 140 is connected by means of the second ball bearing 145 to the bearing flange 110, which in turn is rigidly flanged to the mixing chamber housing 105.
- the coupling element 140 which is constructed essentially symmetrically with respect to the axis AA, carries the ring gear 142 on its outside. The ring gear 142 and thus also the coupling element 140 can be driven by the motor 135.
- the gear 136 is mounted on the motor axis of the motor 135, which in turn is connected to the ring gear 142 by means of the toothed belt 137.
- the motor 135 is flanged to the lantern 115 or to the bearing flange 110 via the bracket 130.
- the stirring rod 152 is arranged on the coupling element 140 and extends into the mixing chamber 100 parallel to the axis A-A, whereby it pierces the piston 150.
- the two nozzles 170 are arranged in the mixing chamber housing 105, through which the two viscous liquids to be mixed are pressed into the mixing chamber 100.
- the two nozzles 170 are only shown schematically in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- FIG. 6 shows how the nozzles 170 can be constructed.
- the mixing chamber housing 105 has two recesses 105 A, into each of which a nozzle body 171 is inserted (however, only one nozzle body 171 is shown here).
- the high pressure which is built up externally (see above), is regulated by means of an injection piston 172 and the liquid is pressed out of the nozzle body 172 through the nozzle body opening 173.
- the actual nozzle openings here are the outlet bores 105 B of hardened nozzle tips 105 C in the mixing chamber housing 105. It would also be conceivable to bring the nozzle bodies as far as the mixing chamber so that the front of the nozzle body becomes part of the side wall of the mixing chamber. In this case, the nozzle body opening and the outlet bore of the nozzle tips would be identical.
- the first working position of the device is shown in FIG.
- the piston 150 is located above the nozzle openings of the nozzles 170.
- the liquids to be mixed are injected through the nozzles 170 into the mixing chamber 100.
- the injection usually takes place under high pressure, i.e. with injection pressures over 100 bar.
- the coupling element 140 is set in rotation by means of the motor 135 and thus also the piston 150 and the stirring rod 152.
- the rotation of the piston 150 and the stirring rod 152 also allows highly viscous liquids to be mixed with one another.
- the mixed liquids exit at the lower end of the mixing chamber 100.
- the supply of the two liquids is shut off through the nozzles 170, then the piston 150 is pushed axially downward in the mixing chamber 100 by pressurizing the hydraulic piston 160 (see FIG. 5). As a result, the remaining residues are pushed out of the mixing chamber 100 and the mixing chamber 100 is thus cleaned. At the same time, the stirring rod 152 is also stripped and thus cleaned. If production is to be resumed, the piston 150 is pulled back into the position shown in FIG. 1 and the cycle can begin again.
- the self-cleaning function described here ensures that the mixer / nozzle unit can be easily cleaned every time the production is interrupted, for example also to insert an intermediate layer (see above). This is important in the case of a fast-curing PU foam, as is to be used here.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU28295/01A AU2829501A (en) | 1999-12-31 | 2000-12-09 | Method of model construction |
EP00993699A EP1242230B1 (de) | 1999-12-31 | 2000-12-09 | Verfahren zum modellbau |
DE50003229T DE50003229D1 (de) | 1999-12-31 | 2000-12-09 | Verfahren zum modellbau |
AT00993699T ATE246589T1 (de) | 1999-12-31 | 2000-12-09 | Verfahren zum modellbau |
JP2001549824A JP2003519022A (ja) | 1999-12-31 | 2000-12-09 | モデルの形成方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19963948.5 | 1999-12-31 | ||
DE19963948A DE19963948A1 (de) | 1999-12-31 | 1999-12-31 | Verfahren zum Modellbau |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001049477A1 true WO2001049477A1 (de) | 2001-07-12 |
Family
ID=7935108
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2000/004387 WO2001049477A1 (de) | 1999-12-31 | 2000-12-09 | Verfahren zum modellbau |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030004599A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1242230B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2003519022A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE246589T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2829501A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19963948A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001049477A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
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CN109562615A (zh) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-04-02 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 掺入相变材料的热固性增材制造的制品及其制成方法 |
CN112848286A (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 天津大学 | 一种多材料粉末增材的制造系统及制造方法 |
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- 2000-12-09 US US10/168,498 patent/US20030004599A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-09 JP JP2001549824A patent/JP2003519022A/ja active Pending
- 2000-12-09 DE DE50003229T patent/DE50003229D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-09 WO PCT/DE2000/004387 patent/WO2001049477A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-12-09 AT AT00993699T patent/ATE246589T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
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US20030004599A1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
AU2829501A (en) | 2001-07-16 |
EP1242230A1 (de) | 2002-09-25 |
EP1242230B1 (de) | 2003-08-06 |
DE50003229D1 (de) | 2003-09-11 |
JP2003519022A (ja) | 2003-06-17 |
DE19963948A1 (de) | 2001-07-26 |
ATE246589T1 (de) | 2003-08-15 |
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