WO2001062429A1 - Device and method for ultrasonic processing - Google Patents

Device and method for ultrasonic processing Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001062429A1
WO2001062429A1 PCT/EP2001/002075 EP0102075W WO0162429A1 WO 2001062429 A1 WO2001062429 A1 WO 2001062429A1 EP 0102075 W EP0102075 W EP 0102075W WO 0162429 A1 WO0162429 A1 WO 0162429A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sonotrode
ultrasonic processing
processing device
generator
workpiece
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/002075
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wilhelm Aichele
Original Assignee
Aichele Werkzeuge Gmbh
Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aichele Werkzeuge Gmbh, Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. filed Critical Aichele Werkzeuge Gmbh
Priority to AU40654/01A priority Critical patent/AU4065401A/en
Publication of WO2001062429A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001062429A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8227—Transmission mechanisms using springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/086—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/006—Preventing damaging, e.g. of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0062—Preventing damaging, e.g. of the parts to be joined of the joining tool, e.g. avoiding wear of the joining tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92611—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by using stops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/93—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed
    • B29C66/934—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed by controlling or regulating the speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/93—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed
    • B29C66/939—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed characterised by specific speed values or ranges
    • B29C66/9392—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed characterised by specific speed values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. speed diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9516—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by controlling their vibration amplitude
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91431—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being kept constant over time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/922—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/959—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables
    • B29C66/9592—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. X-Y diagrams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasound processing device, in particular for welding a material web by means of ultrasound, comprising an ultrasound generating device with a sonotrode and a generator for generating electrical power to excite the sonotrode, and a counter tool.
  • the invention relates to an ultrasound processing method, in particular for welding material webs, a generator delivering electrical power for vibrating a sonotrode and a workpiece being processed by means of the sonotrode.
  • a force sensor is provided there, by means of which a force acting on the sonotrode in the direction of the counter tool can be measured.
  • the force sensor can be a strain gauge, a piezo element or a load cell.
  • the object of the invention is to create an ultrasound processing device and an ultrasound processing method which can be used universally and which enable a high processing speed.
  • the output power of the generator is the controlled variable during a processing operation.
  • the output power of the generator is the quantity that has a direct effect on the machining process of the workpiece or is directly dependent on the machining of the workpiece, since the mechanical power coupled into the workpiece by means of ultrasound was generated by the electrical output power of the generator. It is a direct measure of the energy coupling into the workpiece. Therefore, the output power detects all conditions of energy coupling into the workpiece using ultrasound, such as the distance between the sonotrode and the workpiece, the contact pressure (welding force), the amplitude of the sonotrode, the speed of the material web through a tool effective area or the temperature of the sonotrode. (Due to temperature changes, the distance between the sonotrode and the workpiece can change over linear expansion.) Controlling and regulating the output power therefore does not pick out arbitrarily selected variables of the machining process in a certain sense, but all relevant variables are recorded globally.
  • the output power By regulating the output power one is directly at the machining process and in particular the welding process, the output power also being easily adaptable.
  • the contact pressure of the sonotrode is applied to a workpiece.
  • piece and / or the amplitude of the sonotrode is the manipulated variable for regulating the output power of the generator or are the manipulated variables.
  • the contact pressure is the welding force. This can be varied in a simple manner by changing the distance between the sonotrode and the workpiece. This also changes the output power of the generator. If, for example, the contact pressure is increased, mechanical power can be coupled into a workpiece using ultrasound, and as a result the generator has to emit more electrical power. Since the output power of the generator is the controlled variable, in order to reduce the increased output power, the contact pressure is reduced.
  • the output power of the processing device is regulated by varying the control pressure force.
  • the amplitude of the sonotrode is the manipulated variable. By increasing the amplitude of the sonotrode, a higher power can be introduced into the workpiece and by reducing the amplitude, a reduced power can be introduced.
  • the amplitude therefore also represents a manipulated variable for regulating the output power of the generator.
  • the amplitude of the sonotrode is essentially proportional to the electrical power which is coupled in to generate the ultrasonic vibrations.
  • the coupled mechanical energy is essentially proportional to the square of this electrical power.
  • a control and regulating device is provided, by means of which the device can be controlled and regulated in such a way that the output power of the generator falls within a predetermined power window can be laid.
  • the specified performance window is therefore a process-typical window, which greatly simplifies the control of a machining process. It only has to be regulated in such a way that the output power of the generator lies within the specified window; if an output power that is too high or too low is determined, the power is regulated in such a way that it is moved back into the tolerance window or raised.
  • the power window is determined in particular by the contact pressure (welding force) and / or the amplitude of the sonotrode.
  • the output power of the generator can be kept in the power window or pushed back into it. If, for example, a workpiece has a thickening, then the contact pressure on this thickening is increased.
  • mechanical power can increasingly be coupled into the workpiece via the sonotrode, which in turn increases the output power of the generator.
  • the output power can be pushed back into the power window as a controlled variable, so that the optimum amount of mechanical energy can be coupled into the workpiece. This allows the device according to the invention to be used for a large number of materials. In particular, high throughput speeds for a material web can thus be achieved through the device according to the invention.
  • the contact force of the sonotrode can advantageously be controlled in such a way that the output power of the generator can be placed in a predetermined power window.
  • the contact pressure can be varied in a simple manner in that the distance -b-
  • the ultrasound generating device is varied to the counter tool.
  • the amplitude of the sonotrode can be controlled in such a way that the output power of the generator can be placed in a predetermined window. This allows the mechanical power coupling of the sonotrode into a workpiece to be controlled and thus the output power of the generator to be regulated.
  • the amplitude of the sonotrode can advantageously be controlled via a DC voltage signal. This DC voltage signal is applied as a DC bias to a high-frequency signal from the generator in order to specifically control the amplitude of the sonotrode.
  • the amplitude of the sonotrode can advantageously be controlled via a pulse width modulated signal.
  • the amplitude of the sonotrode can also be controlled via the frequency, for example.
  • the power window lies around an operating point.
  • the position of the working point itself depends on the special process conditions, such as the material of the workpiece and the speed at which the workpiece is carried out by the device according to the invention.
  • the operating point can then be set so that an optimal processing result can be achieved.
  • the device according to the invention can be used universally if the position of the working point is dependent on the feed speed of the workpiece to the sonotrode.
  • the operating point can then be set in such a way that an optimum machining result, such as, for example, welding result, results at the respective feed speed.
  • the control device can then also be used to control the Adjust the working point to the new feed speed so that an optimal processing result is always achieved.
  • control and regulating device advantageously carries out the specification of the performance window as a function of the feed speed of the material web.
  • the position of the working point is changed depending on the speed of the material web. For example, a lower electrical power must be coupled in at a low speed of the material web, since a higher mechanical power can be transmitted to the workpiece through the sonotrode than at higher feed speeds.
  • the dimension of the power window itself can also be predetermined by the control and regulating device; for example, the tolerance window can be chosen to be narrower at high feed speeds than at low speeds.
  • a good welding result without material loss can be achieved in particular if a starting ramp is provided for the working point at the start of the workpiece feed.
  • the speed of the workpiece feed to the sonotrode can then be gradually increased without the quality of the welding result being impaired.
  • the material can then already be processed while passing through the start-up ramp and there is then only little unprocessed material waste. It is also advantageous if an exit ramp is provided at the end of the workpiece feed so that the workpiece feed can be brought down in a targeted manner.
  • a signal which indicates the generator output power and / or the generator current is advantageously fed to the control and regulating device.
  • the generator current is WO 01/62429 _ complicat_ PCT / EP01 / 02075
  • the generator output power can also be easily determined without sensors.
  • the open-loop and closed-loop control device By transmitting this information to the open-loop and closed-loop control device, the latter knows the instantaneous generator output power without delay, so that it is ideally suited as a controlled variable.
  • the distance between the ultrasound generating device and the counter tool can advantageously be varied by means of a displaceability of the ultrasound generating device. This can be achieved in a structurally simple manner.
  • a fixed stop is advantageously provided to define a minimum distance between the ultrasound generating device and the counter tool. This prevents the sonotrode from hitting the counter tool and being damaged as a result.
  • the ultrasound generating device is mounted in a linear guide.
  • the linear guide is in particular a preloaded linear guide.
  • Linear guides can be designed with high precision, so that the contact pressure for regulating the output power of the generator can be adjusted in a precise manner.
  • a pressure cylinder is advantageously provided for moving the ultrasound generating device in the linear guide. This allows a position of the contact pressure to be achieved in a structurally simple manner.
  • the pressure cylinder can be controlled via a proportional valve.
  • the movement of the ultrasound generating device in the linear guide can then be controlled in a simple and precise manner.
  • the pressure cylinder is connected to a device frame via an elastic element, a restoring force of the elastic element acting in the direction away from the counter tool. It can happen that metal particles have reached the surface of a material web as impurities and thus represent elevations above the surface. If the sonotrode hits such a metal particle, damage is to be expected and the associated downtimes during workpiece machining and corresponding maintenance work. If a sensor detects such metal particles, the ultrasound generating device and with it the sonotrode can be pulled away from the workpiece via the elastic element, in order to avoid damage to the sonotrode and thereby reduce the downtimes of the ultrasound processing device according to the invention.
  • one or more sensors are provided for the detection of metal contamination in a material web before reaching the sonotrode.
  • sensors can be, for example, inductive proximity sensors.
  • the control system then advantageously Control and regulating device in the detection of metal contamination a movement of the sonotrode away from the workpiece.
  • a blower device is provided, through which air for cooling the material web of the device can be fed.
  • This blower device can also act on the sonotrode.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved according to the invention in the method mentioned above in that the output power of the generator is regulated for machining the workpiece.
  • the method according to the invention has the same advantages as the device according to the invention.
  • Embodiments of the device according to the invention and advantages thereof can also be used in connection with the method according to the invention.
  • the output power of the generator is controlled and regulated in such a way that it lies within a predetermined power window.
  • the control of the output power of the generator relates to the fact that the power window is specified and the regulation that the power is regulated so that it lies in the window.
  • the contact pressure and / or the amplitude of the sonotrode is advantageously controlled to regulate the output power of the generator.
  • an operating point, around which the power window is placed is varied depending on the feed speed of the material web.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a schematic representation of an ultrasonic processing device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a control and regulating circuit according to the invention
  • Figure 3 schematically shows the position of a power window in a diagram
  • the abscissa is the welding force or the sonotrode amplitude
  • the ordinate is the generator output power or the generator current
  • Figure 4 schematically shows a starting ramp and a starting ramp in a generator output power welding force diagram.
  • An embodiment of an ultrasonic processing device which is designated as a whole by 10 in FIG. 1, comprises a device frame 12 by means of which the device can be fixed in place relative to the floor 14.
  • the ultrasound processing device 10 comprises a carriage 18 which is linearly displaceable in a direction 16 transversely to the floor 14, wherein a particularly precise preloaded high-precision linear guide 20 is provided for the carriage 18.
  • the linear guide 20 is provided with a fixed stop 22 which limits the slidability of the carriage 18 downwards.
  • the carriage 18 can be displaced in the direction 16 via a pressure cylinder 24, in which a piston 26 is guided with a spindle 28, the spindle 28 in turn being connected to the carriage 18.
  • a valve 30, which is in particular a proportional valve, the pressurization of the piston 26 can be controlled or regulated so as to move the slide 18.
  • the valve 30 is connected to an air supply device, not shown in the figure, to the pressure cylinder 24.
  • the piston 26 is connected to the frame 12 via a tension spring 32, the restoring force of the tension spring 32 acting collinearly away from the base 14 in the direction 16.
  • a piston arm 34 in which the tension spring 32 is seated, the piston 26 and thus the slide 18 are pulled upwards.
  • An ultrasound generating device designated as a whole by 36, is seated in the carriage 18. As shown in FIG. 2, this comprises a high-frequency generator 38 which provides high-frequency electrical power at an output. The electrical energy is transmitted via a line 40 to a converter 42, which converts the electrical vibrations into mechanical vibrations.
  • a piezoelectric converter or a magnetorestrictive converter can be provided for this purpose.
  • the mechanical vibrations WO 01/62429 _ l ? _ PCT / EP01 / 02075
  • a booster 44 which is coupled to the converter 42.
  • the booster 44 is in turn coupled to a sonotrode 46, which is used to transmit the ultrasound energy to a workpiece 48.
  • This sonotrode 46 is designed in such a way that it is adapted to the special machining method and in particular to ultrasonic welding.
  • the booster 44 serves to optimize the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibrations for the sonotrode 46.
  • the sonotrode itself is preferably arranged with respect to the slide 18 in such a way that it is fixed in a vibration node on the slide 18.
  • the sonotrode 46 can be displaced in the direction 16 by the displacement of the piston 26 in the pressure cylinder 24, from which the displacement of the slide 18 in the linear guide 20 results.
  • An anvil roller 52 is provided as a counter-tool to the sonotrode 46 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, so that a clamping force can be exerted on a workpiece 48 between the sonotrode 46 and the anvil roller 52.
  • the anvil roller 52 is fixedly arranged opposite the frame 12 and thus the bottom 14.
  • the workpiece 48 which is in particular a material web, for example a material web of a thermoplastic material, is guided by a feed device (not shown in the figure) through a tool effective area 54 between the sonotrode 46 and the anvil roller 52.
  • One or more sensors 56 which are arranged above the material web 48, scan the surface of the material web before passing through the tool action. area 54 without contact.
  • the sensors 56 are metal detectors such as, for example, inductive proximity switches, in order to determine whether metallic contaminants are present on the surface of the material web. This serves to avoid damage to the sonotrode 46.
  • the sensors 56 are connected to a control and regulating device 58 which, when a detection signal is received by the sensors 56, switches the proportional valve 30 such that the sonotrode is pulled upward out of the tool effective area 54 via the tension spring 32 is moved.
  • a blower device 60 is also provided, which emits an air flow 62 in the direction of the workpiece 48 when it is carried out by the ultrasound processing device 10 according to the invention in order to cool it. It can be provided that the air flow 62 also detects the sonotrode 46, so that the temperature in the tool effective area 54 can be kept essentially constant.
  • the device is controlled and regulated by the control and regulating device 58.
  • the control and regulating device 58 is connected to the generator 38 via a control line 64.
  • the control and regulating device 58 receives a signal which characterizes the output power of the generator 38, which outputs this to the sonotrode 46.
  • the control and regulating device 58 also receives a signal from the sensor or sensors 56, so that the control and regulating device 58 can take suitable measures when detecting impurities on the workpiece surface.
  • control and regulating device receives a signal from the feed device 66 for carrying out the material web 48 through the ultrasound processing device 10, which indicates the speed of the material web passage.
  • the control and regulating device 58 is connected to the controllable proportional valve 30, so that the stroke of the piston 26 and thus the linear displacement of the slide 18 can be controlled via the valve 30. In this way, the contact pressure of the sonotrode 46 on the workpiece 48 can be controlled and thus, when welding with ultrasound, the welding force.
  • control and regulating device 58 is connected to the generator 38 via a line 68.
  • a DC voltage signal can be superimposed on the high-frequency signal of the high-frequency generator 38 via a superimposition device 70.
  • the amplitude of the sonotrode 46 can be controlled as it vibrates via this DC voltage signal, which is impressed on the high-frequency signal on the line 40, in particular via pulse width modulation.
  • the amplitude can be controlled via the frequency.
  • amplitude control There are also other options for amplitude control.
  • a working point 76 is specified when processing a material web. This operating point is determined, among other things, by the speed of the material web, the type of material of the workpiece 48 and the thickness of the material web. The operating point is at a specific generator output power 78 and at a specific welding force or amplitude of the sonotrode 46. This is indicated by the reference symbol 80 on the abscissa in FIG. 3. The output power of the generator 38 can be determined directly or via the generator current I.
  • a power window 82 is placed around the operating point. Experience has shown that the welding force and / or amplitude for the respective welding process can be changed within such a tolerance window 82 without the welding result being essentially influenced thereby.
  • the output power of generator 38 is now the controlled variable.
  • the control and regulation unit 58 determines from the signal transmitted via the control line 64 whether the generator output power is within the predetermined power window 82. If so, you must The welding force and amplitude of the sonotrode 46 cannot be changed.
  • the welding force S and / or the amplitude A of the sonotrode 46 is adjusted so that the output power goes back into the power window 82.
  • the welding force is changed in that the distance between the sonotrode 46 and the counter tool 52 (and thus the distance between the sonotrode 46 and the workpiece 48) is changed by moving the carriage 18.
  • the amplitude A is varied accordingly by changing the DC voltage signal which is superimposed on the high-frequency signal of the generator 38.
  • the output power may run out of the window, for example, if a material web has an uneven thickness. If the distance between the material surface and the sonotrode 46 then decreases, then this can introduce a high power into the workpiece 48 and the output power of the generator 38 increases so that it can run out of the power window 82. By reducing the amplitude A and / or the welding force S, the output power of the generator 38, which thus represents the controlled variable, can then be fed back into the power window 82.
  • the variation of the amplitude has the advantage that changes can be detected very quickly as a result, in particular a very short response time can be achieved, for example in the order of 5 ms to 10 ms.
  • the contact pressure welding force
  • the contact pressure can be effected via the control of the valve 30 with a response time in the order of magnitude of, for example, 50 ms to 700 ms.
  • the operating point 76 is fundamentally dependent on the speed of the feed of the workpiece 48 and thus the throughput speed of the material web through the ultrasound processing device 10 according to the invention.
  • the operating point is thus a function of the speed, as indicated in FIG. For example, at a low throughput speed of a material web, the output power required is not as high as when it is carried out quickly by the device 10.
  • the position of the power window 82 is therefore fundamentally dependent on the speed of the workpiece 48 through the tool effective area 54 be of the position of the working point 76, but this dependency is usually negligible.
  • control and regulating device 58 receives a signal from the feed device 66 which indicates the speed of the workpiece 48, the latter is thus aware of the speed of the workpiece through the tool effective area 54 and can therefore select the power window 82 depending on this speed, and so on to regulate the output power of the generator 38. For example, calibration runs can be carried out to specify the performance windows.
  • a starting ramp 86 can be taken into account in the power control.
  • the control and regulating device 56 can also take into account the starting of the system.
  • a downward ramp 92 can be driven with which the operating point and the associated power window can be shifted accordingly.
  • the approach ramp 86 and the departure ramp 92 are driven in particular by varying the welding force accordingly by controlling the displacement of the carriage 18.
  • the workpiece 48 is preferably machined at an optimized speed, and a corresponding predetermined power window 96 is placed around the working point 94 there as a tolerance window.
  • the manipulated variables for regulating the output power so that it remains in the power window 96 are then the contact pressure or the amplitude of the sonotrode 46. A combination of the control of these two manipulated variables can also take place.

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrasonic processing device, in particular for welding a material web (48) using ultrasonics. Said device comprises a device for generating ultrasonic energy (36) containing a sonotrode (46) and a generator (38) for generating electrical power in order to produce an oscillation excitation of the sonotrode, and an opposing tool (52). The aim of the invention is to create a device with a high processing speed, which can be universally used. To achieve this, the output power of the generator is used as the controlled variable during a processing operation.

Description

Ultraschall-BearbeitungsVorrichtung und Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsverfahren Ultrasonic processing device and ultrasonic processing method
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung insbesondere zum Schweißen einer Materialbahn mittels Ultraschall, umfassend eine Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung mit einer Sonotrode und einem Generator zur Erzeugung elektrischer Leistung zur Schwingungsanregung der Sonotrode, und ein Gegenwerkzeug.The invention relates to an ultrasound processing device, in particular for welding a material web by means of ultrasound, comprising an ultrasound generating device with a sonotrode and a generator for generating electrical power to excite the sonotrode, and a counter tool.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsverfahren insbesondere zum Schweißen von Materialbahnen, wobei ein Generator elektrische Leistung zur Schwingungsanregung einer Sonotrode abgibt und ein Werkstück mittels der Sonotrode bearbeitet wird.Furthermore, the invention relates to an ultrasound processing method, in particular for welding material webs, a generator delivering electrical power for vibrating a sonotrode and a workpiece being processed by means of the sonotrode.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung und ein derartiges Verfahren sind aus der EP 0 920 977 AI bekannt. Dort ist ein Kraftsensor vorgesehen, über den eine die Sonotrode in Richtung des Gegenwerkzeug beaufschlagende Kraft meßbar ist. Bei dem Kraftsensor kann es sich dabei um einen Dehnmeßstreifen, ein Piezoelement oder eine Kraftmeßdose handeln.Such a device and such a method are known from EP 0 920 977 AI. A force sensor is provided there, by means of which a force acting on the sonotrode in the direction of the counter tool can be measured. The force sensor can be a strain gauge, a piezo element or a load cell.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Ultraschall- Bearbeitungsvorrichtung und ein Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsverfahren zu schaffen, welche sich universell einsetzen lassen und die eine hohe Bearbeitungsgeschwindigkeit ermöglichen.The object of the invention is to create an ultrasound processing device and an ultrasound processing method which can be used universally and which enable a high processing speed.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei der eingangs genannten Ultraschall- Bearbeitungsvorrichtung erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Ausgangsleistung des Generators die Regelgröße bei einem Bearbeitungsvorgang ist . Die Ausgangsleistung des Generators ist die Größe, die sich direkt auf den Bearbeitungsvorgang des Werkstücks auswirkt bzw. direkt von der Bearbeitung des Werkstücks abhängt, da die mittels Ultraschall in das Werkstück eingekoppelte mechanische Leistung durch die elektrische Ausgangsleistung des Generators erzeugt wurde. Sie ist ein direktes Maß für die Energieeinkopplung in das Werkstück. Daher erfaßt die Ausgangsleistung sämtliche Bedingungen der Energieeinkopplung in das Werkstück mittels Ultraschall, wie beispielsweise den Abstand zwischen der Sonotrode und dem Werkstück, die Anpreßkraft (Schweißkraft), die Amplitude der Sonotrode, die Geschwindigkeit der Materialbahn durch einen Werkzeugwirkbereich oder auch die Temperatur der Sonotrode . ( Durch Temperaturänderungen kann sich der Abstand zwischen der Sonotrode und dem Werkstück über Längenausdehnung ändern. ) Durch Steuerung und Regelung der Ausgangsleistung werden daher nicht in gewissem Sinne willkürlich gewählte Größen des Bearbeitungsvorgangs herausgegriffen, sondern sämtliche relevanten Größen werden global erfaßt.This object is achieved according to the invention in the above-mentioned ultrasound processing device in that the output power of the generator is the controlled variable during a processing operation. The output power of the generator is the quantity that has a direct effect on the machining process of the workpiece or is directly dependent on the machining of the workpiece, since the mechanical power coupled into the workpiece by means of ultrasound was generated by the electrical output power of the generator. It is a direct measure of the energy coupling into the workpiece. Therefore, the output power detects all conditions of energy coupling into the workpiece using ultrasound, such as the distance between the sonotrode and the workpiece, the contact pressure (welding force), the amplitude of the sonotrode, the speed of the material web through a tool effective area or the temperature of the sonotrode. (Due to temperature changes, the distance between the sonotrode and the workpiece can change over linear expansion.) Controlling and regulating the output power therefore does not pick out arbitrarily selected variables of the machining process in a certain sense, but all relevant variables are recorded globally.
Es müssen auch keine Sensoren für eine oder mehrere Größen des Bearbeitungsvorgangs, wie beispielsweise der Anpreßkraft, vorgesehen werden, da sich die Ausgangsleistung des Generators sensorfrei und insbesondere berührungsfrei ermitteln läßt. Dadurch erhält man auch eine schnelle Reaktionszeit auf Veränderungen, da die mechanische Trägheit von Kraftsensoren keine Rolle spielt.There is also no need to provide sensors for one or more variables of the machining process, such as the contact pressure, since the output power of the generator can be determined sensor-free and in particular contact-free. This also gives a quick response to changes, since the mechanical inertia of force sensors is irrelevant.
Durch die Regelung der Ausgangsleistung ist man direkt am Bearbeitungsprozeß und insbesondere Schweißprozeß, wobei sich die Ausgangsleistung auch auf einfache Weise anpassen läßt.By regulating the output power one is directly at the machining process and in particular the welding process, the output power also being easily adaptable.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Variante einer Ausführungsform ist es vorgesehen, daß die Anpreßkraft der Sonotrode auf ein Werk- stück und/oder die Amplitude der Sonotrode die Stellgröße zur Regelung der Ausgangsleistung des Generators ist bzw. die Stellgrößen sind. Bei einem Schweiß-Bearbeitungsvorgang eines Werkstückes ist die Anpreßkraft die Schweißkraft. Diese läßt sich auf einfache Weise dadurch variieren, daß der Abstand der Sonotrode zum Werkstück verändert wird. Dadurch ändert sich auch die Ausgangsleistung des Generators. Wird beispielsweise die Anpreßkraft erhöht, so kann vermehrt mechanische Leistung über Ultraschall in ein Werkstück eingekoppelt werden, und dadurch muß der Generator verstärkt elektrische Leistung abgeben. Da die Ausgangsleistung des Generators die Regelgröße ist, wird, um die erhöhte Ausgangsleistung zu verringern, die Anpreßkraft verringert. Erfindungsgemäß ist dazu jedoch kein Kraftsensor notwendig, da die Anpreßkraft nur eine Stellgröße ist, deren Wert nicht gemessen werden muß. Es ist daher erfindungsgemäß auch kein Kraftsensor vorgesehen. Geregelt wird die Ausgangsleistung der Bearbeitungsvorrichtung, indem die Stellgröße Anpreßkraft variiert wird. Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, daß alternativ oder kumulativ die Amplitude der Sonotrode die Stellgröße ist. Durch Vergrößerung der Amplitude der Sonotrode kann eine höhere Leistung in das Werkstück eingebracht werden und durch Verringerung der Amplitude kann eine verringerte Leistung eingebracht werden. Daher stellt auch die Amplitude eine Stellgröße zur Regelung der Ausgangsleistung des Generators dar. Die Amplitude der Sonotrode ist dabei im wesentlichen proportional zu der elektrischen Leistung, welche zur Erzeugung der Ultraschallschwingungen eingekoppelt wird. Die eingekoppelte mechanische Energie ist im wesentlichen proportional zum Quadrat dieser elektrischen Leistung.In an advantageous variant of an embodiment, it is provided that the contact pressure of the sonotrode is applied to a workpiece. piece and / or the amplitude of the sonotrode is the manipulated variable for regulating the output power of the generator or are the manipulated variables. When a workpiece is welded, the contact pressure is the welding force. This can be varied in a simple manner by changing the distance between the sonotrode and the workpiece. This also changes the output power of the generator. If, for example, the contact pressure is increased, mechanical power can be coupled into a workpiece using ultrasound, and as a result the generator has to emit more electrical power. Since the output power of the generator is the controlled variable, in order to reduce the increased output power, the contact pressure is reduced. According to the invention, however, no force sensor is necessary for this, since the contact pressure is only a manipulated variable, the value of which does not have to be measured. According to the invention, therefore, no force sensor is provided. The output power of the processing device is regulated by varying the control pressure force. It can also be provided that, alternatively or cumulatively, the amplitude of the sonotrode is the manipulated variable. By increasing the amplitude of the sonotrode, a higher power can be introduced into the workpiece and by reducing the amplitude, a reduced power can be introduced. The amplitude therefore also represents a manipulated variable for regulating the output power of the generator. The amplitude of the sonotrode is essentially proportional to the electrical power which is coupled in to generate the ultrasonic vibrations. The coupled mechanical energy is essentially proportional to the square of this electrical power.
Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn eine Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, mittels welcher die Vorrichtung so steuerbar und regelbar ist, daß die Ausgangsleistung des Generators in ein vorgegebenes Leistungsfenster legbar ist. In der Praxis hat es sich gezeigt, daß sich die Parameter innerhalb eines definierten Leistungsfensters oder Toleranzfensters verändern lassen, ohne daß dadurch das Schweißergebnis negativ beeinflußt ist. Das vorgegebene Leistungsfenster ist daher ein prozeßtypisches Fenster, das die Regelung eines Bearbeitungsvorganges stark vereinfacht. Es muß nämlich nur dahingehend geregelt werden, daß die Ausgangsleistung des Generators innerhalb des vorgegebenen Fensters liegt; wenn also eine zu hohe bzw. zu niedrige Ausgangsleistung ermittelt wird, dann wird die Leistung so geregelt, daß sie in das Toleranzfenster zurückgefahren bzw. hochgefahren wird. Das Leistungsfenster ist dabei insbesondere durch die Anpreßkraft (Schweißkraft) und/oder Amplitude der Sonotrode bestimmt. Durch Variation der Anpreßkraft und/oder der Amplitude der Sonotrode läßt sich die Ausgangsleistung des Generators in dem Leistungsfenster halten bzw. in dieses zurückschieben. Weist beispielsweise ein Werkstück eine Verdickung auf, dann ist die Anpreßkraft an dieser Verdickung erhöht. Dadurch kann über die Sonotrode vermehrt mechanische Leistung in das Werkstück eingekoppelt werden, wodurch sich wiederum die Ausgangsleistung des Generators erhöht. Durch Reduktion der Anpreßkraft und/oder Erniedrigung der Amplitude der Sonotrode läßt sich die Ausgangsleistung als Regelgröße zurück in das Leistungsfenster schieben, so daß dadurch die optimale Menge an mechanischer Energie in das Werkstück einkoppelbar ist. Dadurch läßt sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung für eine Vielzahl von Materialien verwenden. Es lassen sich damit insbesondere auch hohe Durchlauf- geschwindigkeiten für eine Materialbahn durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung erreichen.It is very particularly advantageous if a control and regulating device is provided, by means of which the device can be controlled and regulated in such a way that the output power of the generator falls within a predetermined power window can be laid. In practice it has been shown that the parameters can be changed within a defined performance window or tolerance window without the welding result being adversely affected thereby. The specified performance window is therefore a process-typical window, which greatly simplifies the control of a machining process. It only has to be regulated in such a way that the output power of the generator lies within the specified window; if an output power that is too high or too low is determined, the power is regulated in such a way that it is moved back into the tolerance window or raised. The power window is determined in particular by the contact pressure (welding force) and / or the amplitude of the sonotrode. By varying the contact pressure and / or the amplitude of the sonotrode, the output power of the generator can be kept in the power window or pushed back into it. If, for example, a workpiece has a thickening, then the contact pressure on this thickening is increased. As a result, mechanical power can increasingly be coupled into the workpiece via the sonotrode, which in turn increases the output power of the generator. By reducing the contact pressure and / or lowering the amplitude of the sonotrode, the output power can be pushed back into the power window as a controlled variable, so that the optimum amount of mechanical energy can be coupled into the workpiece. This allows the device according to the invention to be used for a large number of materials. In particular, high throughput speeds for a material web can thus be achieved through the device according to the invention.
Günstigerweise ist die Anpreßkraft der Sonotrode so steuerbar, daß die Ausgangsleistung des Generators in ein vorgegebenes Leistungsfenster legbar ist. Die Anpreßkraft läßt sich auf einfache Weise dadurch variieren, daß der Abstand -b-The contact force of the sonotrode can advantageously be controlled in such a way that the output power of the generator can be placed in a predetermined power window. The contact pressure can be varied in a simple manner in that the distance -b-
der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung zu dem Gegenwerkzeug variiert wird.the ultrasound generating device is varied to the counter tool.
Es kann auch alternativ oder kumulativ vorgesehen sein, daß die Amplitude der Sonotrode so steuerbar ist, daß die Ausgangsleistung des Generators in ein vorgegebenes Fenster legbar ist. Dadurch läßt sich die mechanische Leistungseinkopplung der Sonotrode in ein Werkstück steuern und damit die Ausgangsleistung des Generators regeln. Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei die Amplitude der Sonotrode über ein Gleichspannungssignal steuerbar. Dieses Gleichspannungssignal wird als DC-Bias über ein Hochfrequenzsignal des Generators gelegt, um so gezielt die Amplitude der Sonotrode zu steuern. Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei die Amplitude der Sonotrode über ein pulsweitenmoduliertes Signal steuerbar. Die Amplitude der Sonotrode kann beispielsweise auch über die Frequenz gesteuert werden.Alternatively or cumulatively, it can also be provided that the amplitude of the sonotrode can be controlled in such a way that the output power of the generator can be placed in a predetermined window. This allows the mechanical power coupling of the sonotrode into a workpiece to be controlled and thus the output power of the generator to be regulated. The amplitude of the sonotrode can advantageously be controlled via a DC voltage signal. This DC voltage signal is applied as a DC bias to a high-frequency signal from the generator in order to specifically control the amplitude of the sonotrode. The amplitude of the sonotrode can advantageously be controlled via a pulse width modulated signal. The amplitude of the sonotrode can also be controlled via the frequency, for example.
Günstigerweise ist es vorgesehen, daß das Leistungsfenster um einen Arbeitspunkt liegt. Die Lage des Arbeitspunktes selber hängt dabei von den speziellen Prozeßbedingungen, wie beispielsweise dem Material des Werkstücks und der Durchführungsgeschwindigkeit des Werkstücks durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ab. Der Arbeitspunkt läßt sich dann so einstellen, daß ein optimales Bearbeitungsergebnis erreichbar ist.It is expediently provided that the power window lies around an operating point. The position of the working point itself depends on the special process conditions, such as the material of the workpiece and the speed at which the workpiece is carried out by the device according to the invention. The operating point can then be set so that an optimal processing result can be achieved.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung läßt sich universell einsetzen, wenn die Lage des Arbeitspunktes abhängig von der Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit des Werkstücks zur Sonotrode ist. Der Arbeitspunkt kann dann so eingestellt werden, daß sich bei der jeweiligen Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit ein optimales Bearbeitungsergebnis, wie beispielsweise Schweißergebnis, ergibt. Bei Änderung der Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit läßt sich dann auch durch die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung der Arbeitspunkt an die neue Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit anpassen, so daß stets ein optimales Bearbeitungsergebnis erreicht wird.The device according to the invention can be used universally if the position of the working point is dependent on the feed speed of the workpiece to the sonotrode. The operating point can then be set in such a way that an optimum machining result, such as, for example, welding result, results at the respective feed speed. When the feed rate changes, the control device can then also be used to control the Adjust the working point to the new feed speed so that an optimal processing result is always achieved.
Günstigerweise führt dazu die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung die Vorgabe des Leistungsfensters in Abhängigkeit der Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit der Materialbahn durch. Einerseits wird dadurch die Lage des Arbeitspunktes in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit der Materialbahn verändert. Beispielsweise muß bei einer niedrigen Geschwindigkeit der Materialbahn eine geringere elektrische Leistung eingekoppelt werden, da durch die Sonotrode auf das Werkstück eine höhere mechanische Leistung übertragbar ist, als bei höheren Zuführungsgeschwindigkeiten. Es kann durch die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung auch die Dimension des Leistungsfensters selber vorgegeben werden, beispielsweise kann das Toleranzfenster bei hohen Zuführungsgeschwindigkeiten enger gewählt werden als bei niedrigen Geschwindigkeiten.For this purpose, the control and regulating device advantageously carries out the specification of the performance window as a function of the feed speed of the material web. On the one hand, the position of the working point is changed depending on the speed of the material web. For example, a lower electrical power must be coupled in at a low speed of the material web, since a higher mechanical power can be transmitted to the workpiece through the sonotrode than at higher feed speeds. The dimension of the power window itself can also be predetermined by the control and regulating device; for example, the tolerance window can be chosen to be narrower at high feed speeds than at low speeds.
Ein gutes Schweißergebnis ohne Materialverlust läßt sich insbesondere erreichen, wenn eine Anfahrrampe für den Arbeits- punkt bei Beginn der Werkstückzuführung vorgesehen ist. Es läßt sich dann die Geschwindigkeit der Werkstückzuführung zu der Sonotrode allmählich erhöhen, ohne daß dadurch die Qualität des Schweißergebnisses verschlechtert wird. Das Material läßt sich dann auch bereits während des Durchlaufens der Anfahrrampe bearbeiten und es entstehen dann nur wenig unbearbeitete Materialabfälle. Ebenso ist es vorteilhaft, wenn eine Abfahrrampe bei Beendigung der Werkstückzuführung vorgesehen ist, um so gezielt die Werkstückzuführung herunterfahren zu können.A good welding result without material loss can be achieved in particular if a starting ramp is provided for the working point at the start of the workpiece feed. The speed of the workpiece feed to the sonotrode can then be gradually increased without the quality of the welding result being impaired. The material can then already be processed while passing through the start-up ramp and there is then only little unprocessed material waste. It is also advantageous if an exit ramp is provided at the end of the workpiece feed so that the workpiece feed can be brought down in a targeted manner.
Günstigerweise wird der Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung ein Signal, welches die Generatorausgangsleistung und/oder den Generatorstrom angibt, zugeführt. Der Generatorstrom ist WO 01/62429 _„ _ PCT/EP01/02075A signal which indicates the generator output power and / or the generator current is advantageously fed to the control and regulating device. The generator current is WO 01/62429 _ „_ PCT / EP01 / 02075
in direktes Maß für die Generatorausgangsleistung. Aber auch die Generatorausgangsleistung läßt sich auf einfache Weise sensorfrei ermitteln. Durch Übertragung dieser Informationen an die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung kennt diese die momentane Generatorausgangsleistung verzögerungsfrei, so daß sich diese hervorragend als Regelgröße eignet.in direct measure of the generator output power. But the generator output power can also be easily determined without sensors. By transmitting this information to the open-loop and closed-loop control device, the latter knows the instantaneous generator output power without delay, so that it is ideally suited as a controlled variable.
Günstigerweise ist zur Steuerung der Anpreßkraft der Abstand zwischen der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung und dem Gegenwerkzeug über eine Verschieblichkeit der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung veränderbar. Dies läßt sich auf konstruktiv einfache Weise erreichen.In order to control the contact pressure, the distance between the ultrasound generating device and the counter tool can advantageously be varied by means of a displaceability of the ultrasound generating device. This can be achieved in a structurally simple manner.
Zur Erzielung einer hohen Betriebssicherheit und zur Vermeidung von Beschädigungen der Sonotrode ist dabei günstigerweise ein Festanschlag zur Definition eines minimalen Ab- standes zwischen der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung und dem Gegenwerkzeug vorgesehen. Dadurch wird verhindert, daß die Sonotrode auf das Gegenwerkzeug aufprallen kann und dadurch beschädigt wird.In order to achieve a high level of operational reliability and to avoid damage to the sonotrode, a fixed stop is advantageously provided to define a minimum distance between the ultrasound generating device and the counter tool. This prevents the sonotrode from hitting the counter tool and being damaged as a result.
Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung in einer Linearführung gelagert ist. Bei der Linearführung handelt es sich insbesondere um eine vorgespannte Linearführung. Linearführungen lassen sich hochpräzise ausbilden, so daß dadurch die Anpreßkraft zur Regelung der Ausgangsleistung des Generators auf genaue Weise stellbar ist.It is particularly advantageous if the ultrasound generating device is mounted in a linear guide. The linear guide is in particular a preloaded linear guide. Linear guides can be designed with high precision, so that the contact pressure for regulating the output power of the generator can be adjusted in a precise manner.
Zur Bewegung der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung in der Linearführung ist günstigerweise ein Druckzylinder vorgesehen. Dadurch läßt sich auf konstruktiv einfache Weise eine Stellung der Anpreßkraft erreichen. WO 01/62429 _ o _ PCT/EP01/02075A pressure cylinder is advantageously provided for moving the ultrasound generating device in the linear guide. This allows a position of the contact pressure to be achieved in a structurally simple manner. WO 01/62429 _ o _ PCT / EP01 / 02075
Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist es dabei, wenn eine Achse des Druckzylinders kollinear zur Kraftrichtung der Sonotrode auf das Werkstück ausgerichtet ist. Dadurch werden keine Drehmomente ausgeübt und insbesondere sind Probleme des Lagerspiels bei einer Umwandlung einer Schwenkbewegung in eine Linearbewegung vermieden.It is particularly advantageous if an axis of the pressure cylinder is aligned collinearly with the direction of force of the sonotrode on the workpiece. As a result, no torques are exerted and, in particular, problems with the bearing play when converting a swivel movement into a linear movement are avoided.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Variante einer Ausführungsform ist es vorgesehen, daß der Druckzylinder über ein Proportionalventil steuerbar ist. Dadurch läßt sich dann auf einfache und präzise Weise die Bewegung der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung in der Linearführung steuern.In an advantageous variant of an embodiment, it is provided that the pressure cylinder can be controlled via a proportional valve. As a result, the movement of the ultrasound generating device in the linear guide can then be controlled in a simple and precise manner.
Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Druckzylinder über ein elastisches Element mit einem Vorrichtungsgestell verbunden ist, wobei eine Rückstellkraft des elastischen Elements in Richtung von dem Gegenwerkzeug weg wirkt . Es kann vorkommen, daß Metallteilchen als Verunreinigungen auf die Oberfläche einer Materialbahn gelangt sind und dadurch Erhebungen über der Oberfläche darstellen. Wenn die Sonotrode auf solch ein Metallteilchen trifft, dann sind Beschädigungen zu erwarten und damit einhergehend Stillstandzeiten bei der Werkstückbearbeitung und ein entsprechender Wartungsaufwand. Wenn ein Sensor solche Metallteilchen detektiert, dann kann über das elastische Element die Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung und mit ihr die Sonotrode von dem Werkstück weggezogen werden, um so eine Beschädigung der Sonotrode zu vermeiden und dadurch die Stillstandzeiten der erfindungsgemäßen Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung zu verringern.It is very particularly advantageous if the pressure cylinder is connected to a device frame via an elastic element, a restoring force of the elastic element acting in the direction away from the counter tool. It can happen that metal particles have reached the surface of a material web as impurities and thus represent elevations above the surface. If the sonotrode hits such a metal particle, damage is to be expected and the associated downtimes during workpiece machining and corresponding maintenance work. If a sensor detects such metal particles, the ultrasound generating device and with it the sonotrode can be pulled away from the workpiece via the elastic element, in order to avoid damage to the sonotrode and thereby reduce the downtimes of the ultrasound processing device according to the invention.
Günstig ist es dann, wenn ein oder mehrere Sensoren zur Detektion von Metallverunreinigungen in einer Materialbahn vor Erreichen der Sonotrode vorgesehen sind. Bei solchen Sensoren kann es sich beispielsweise um induktive Näherungs- sensoren handeln. Günstigerweise veranlaßt dann die Steue- rungs- und Regelungseinrichtung bei der Detektion von Metallverunreinigungen eine Wegbewegung der Sonotrode von dem Werkstück.It is advantageous if one or more sensors are provided for the detection of metal contamination in a material web before reaching the sonotrode. Such sensors can be, for example, inductive proximity sensors. The control system then advantageously Control and regulating device in the detection of metal contamination a movement of the sonotrode away from the workpiece.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Variante einer Ausführungsform ist eine Gebläseeinrichtung vorgesehen, durch die Luft zur Kühlung der Materialbahn der Vorrichtung zuführbar ist. Diese Gebläseeinrichtung kann auch die Sonotrode beaufschlagen. Dadurch liegen an einem Werkzeugwirkbereich im wesentlichen definierte Temperaturverhältnisse vor, so daß die Wärmeausdehnung der Sonotrode durch Temperaturänderung vernachlässigbar ist.In an advantageous variant of an embodiment, a blower device is provided, through which air for cooling the material web of the device can be fed. This blower device can also act on the sonotrode. As a result, there are essentially defined temperature conditions in a tool effective area, so that the thermal expansion of the sonotrode due to temperature changes is negligible.
Die eingangs genannte Aufgabe wird bei dem oben genannten Verfahren erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Ausgangsleistung des Generators zur Bearbeitung des Werkstücks geregelt wird.The above-mentioned object is achieved according to the invention in the method mentioned above in that the output power of the generator is regulated for machining the workpiece.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weist die gleichen Vorteile wie die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung auf. Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und Vorteile davon lassen sich auch im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren einsetzen.The method according to the invention has the same advantages as the device according to the invention. Embodiments of the device according to the invention and advantages thereof can also be used in connection with the method according to the invention.
Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Ausgangsleistung des Generators so gesteuert und geregelt wird, daß diese in einem vorgegebenen Leistungsfenster liegt. Die Steuerung der Ausgangsleistung des Generators bezieht sich dabei darauf, daß das Leistungsfenster vorgegeben wird und die Regelung darauf, daß die Leistung so geregelt wird, daß sie in dem Fenster liegt.In particular, it is advantageous if the output power of the generator is controlled and regulated in such a way that it lies within a predetermined power window. The control of the output power of the generator relates to the fact that the power window is specified and the regulation that the power is regulated so that it lies in the window.
Günstigerweise wird zur Regelung der Ausgangsleistung des Generators die Anpreßkraft und/oder die Amplitude der Sonotrode gesteuert. Vorteilhafterweise wird ein Arbeitspunkt, um welchen das Leistungsfenster gelegt ist, in Abhängigkeit von der Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit der Materialbahn variiert.The contact pressure and / or the amplitude of the sonotrode is advantageously controlled to regulate the output power of the generator. Advantageously, an operating point, around which the power window is placed, is varied depending on the feed speed of the material web.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie der zeichnerischen Darstellung einiger Ausführungsbeispiele.Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawing of some exemplary embodiments.
In der Zeichnung zeigen:The drawing shows:
Figur 1 eine Seitenansicht einer schematischen Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung;Figure 1 is a side view of a schematic representation of an ultrasonic processing device according to the invention;
Figur 2 ein Blockschaltbild eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Steuerungs- und Regelungskreises;FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a control and regulating circuit according to the invention;
Figur 3 schematisch die Lage eines Leistungsfensters in einem Diagramm, dessen Abszisse die Schweißkraft oder die Sonotroden-Amplitude ist und dessen Ordinate die Generatorausgangsleistung bzw. der Generatorstrom ist undFigure 3 schematically shows the position of a power window in a diagram, the abscissa is the welding force or the sonotrode amplitude and the ordinate is the generator output power or the generator current and
Figur 4 schematisch eine Anfahrrampe und eine Abfahrrampe in einem Generator-Ausgangsleistung-Schweißkraft- Diagramm.Figure 4 schematically shows a starting ramp and a starting ramp in a generator output power welding force diagram.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Ultraschall- Bearbeitungsvorrichtung, welches in Figur 1 als Ganzes mit 10 bezeichnet ist, umfaßt ein Vorrichtungsgestell 12, mittels welchem die Vorrichtung gegenüber dem Boden 14 ortsfest festlegbar ist. WO 01/62429 _ , χ _ PCT/EPO 1/02075An embodiment of an ultrasonic processing device according to the invention, which is designated as a whole by 10 in FIG. 1, comprises a device frame 12 by means of which the device can be fixed in place relative to the floor 14. WO 01/62429_, χ _ PCT / EPO 1/02075
Die Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung 10 umfaßt einen in einer Richtung 16 quer zum Boden 14 linear verschieblich geführten Schlitten 18, wobei für den Schlitten 18 eine insbesondere vorgespannte hochpräzise Linearführung 20 vorgesehen ist.The ultrasound processing device 10 comprises a carriage 18 which is linearly displaceable in a direction 16 transversely to the floor 14, wherein a particularly precise preloaded high-precision linear guide 20 is provided for the carriage 18.
Die Linearführung 20 ist mit einem Festanschlag 22 versehen, der die Verschieblichkeit des Schlittens 18 nach unten begrenzt.The linear guide 20 is provided with a fixed stop 22 which limits the slidability of the carriage 18 downwards.
Der Schlitten 18 läßt sich über einen Druckzylinder 24, in dem ein Kolben 26 mit einer Spindel 28 geführt ist, in die Richtung 16 verschieben, wobei die Spindel 28 wiederum mit dem Schlitten 18 verbunden ist. Über ein Ventil 30, bei dem es sich insbesondere um Proportionalventil handelt, läßt sich die Druckbeaufschlagung des Kolbens 26 steuern bzw. regeln, um so den Schlitten 18 zu bewegen. Das Ventil 30 ist mit einer in der Figur nicht gezeigten Luftzuführungseinrichtung zu dem Druckzylinder 24 verbunden.The carriage 18 can be displaced in the direction 16 via a pressure cylinder 24, in which a piston 26 is guided with a spindle 28, the spindle 28 in turn being connected to the carriage 18. Via a valve 30, which is in particular a proportional valve, the pressurization of the piston 26 can be controlled or regulated so as to move the slide 18. The valve 30 is connected to an air supply device, not shown in the figure, to the pressure cylinder 24.
Der Kolben 26 ist über eine Zugfeder 32 mit dem Gestell 12 verbunden, wobei die Rückstellkraft der Zugfeder 32 von dem Boden 14 weg kollinear zur Richtung 16 wirkt. Bei Belüftung eines Kolbenarms 34, in welchem die Zugfeder 32 sitzt, wird der Kolben 26 und damit der Schlitten 18 nach oben gezogen.The piston 26 is connected to the frame 12 via a tension spring 32, the restoring force of the tension spring 32 acting collinearly away from the base 14 in the direction 16. When a piston arm 34, in which the tension spring 32 is seated, the piston 26 and thus the slide 18 are pulled upwards.
In dem Schlitten 18 sitzt eine als Ganzes mit 36 bezeichnete Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung. Diese umfaßt, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, einen Hochfrequenzgenerator 38, der an einem Ausgang elektrische Hochfrequenz-Leistung bereitstellt. Die elektrische Energie wird über eine Leitung 40 zu einem Konverter 42 übertragen, der die elektrischen Schwingungen in mechanische Schwingungen wandelt. Beispielsweise kann dazu ein piezoelektrischer Umwandler oder ein magnetorestriktiver Umwandler vorgesehen sein. Die mechanischen Schwingungen WO 01/62429 _ l ? _ PCT/EP01/02075An ultrasound generating device, designated as a whole by 36, is seated in the carriage 18. As shown in FIG. 2, this comprises a high-frequency generator 38 which provides high-frequency electrical power at an output. The electrical energy is transmitted via a line 40 to a converter 42, which converts the electrical vibrations into mechanical vibrations. For example, a piezoelectric converter or a magnetorestrictive converter can be provided for this purpose. The mechanical vibrations WO 01/62429 _ l ? _ PCT / EP01 / 02075
werden auf einen Booster 44 übertragen, welcher an den Konverter 42 gekoppelt ist. Der Booster 44 wiederum ist an eine Sonotrode 46 gekoppelt, die zur Übertragung der Ultraschallenergie auf ein Werkstück 48 dient. Diese Sonotrode 46 ist dabei so ausgebildet, daß sie an das spezielle Bearbeitungsverfahren und insbesondere ans Ultraschallschweißen angepaßt ist.are transferred to a booster 44 which is coupled to the converter 42. The booster 44 is in turn coupled to a sonotrode 46, which is used to transmit the ultrasound energy to a workpiece 48. This sonotrode 46 is designed in such a way that it is adapted to the special machining method and in particular to ultrasonic welding.
Der Booster 44 dient dazu, die Amplitude der Ultraschallschwingungen für die Sonotrode 46 zu optimieren.The booster 44 serves to optimize the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibrations for the sonotrode 46.
Die Sonotrode selber ist bevorzugterweise so bezüglich dem Schlitten 18 angeordnet, daß sie in einem Schwingungsknoten am Schlitten 18 fixiert ist.The sonotrode itself is preferably arranged with respect to the slide 18 in such a way that it is fixed in a vibration node on the slide 18.
Durch die Verschiebung des Kolbens 26 in dem Druckzylinder 24, aus welcher die Verschiebung des Schlittens 18 in der Linearführung 20 resultiert, läßt sich die Sonotrode 46 in der Richtung 16 verschieben.The sonotrode 46 can be displaced in the direction 16 by the displacement of the piston 26 in the pressure cylinder 24, from which the displacement of the slide 18 in the linear guide 20 results.
Als Gegenwerkzeug zu der Sonotrode 46 ist in dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel eine Amboßwalze 52 vorgesehen, so daß sich auf ein Werkstück 48 zwischen der Sonotrode 46 und der Amboßwalze 52 eine Klemmkraft ausüben läßt. Die Amboßwalze 52 ist fest gegenüber dem Gestell 12 und damit dem Boden 14 angeordnet.An anvil roller 52 is provided as a counter-tool to the sonotrode 46 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, so that a clamping force can be exerted on a workpiece 48 between the sonotrode 46 and the anvil roller 52. The anvil roller 52 is fixedly arranged opposite the frame 12 and thus the bottom 14.
Das Werkstück 48, bei dem es sich insbesondere um eine Materialbahn, beispielsweise um eine Materialbahn eines thermoplastischen Materials handelt, wird durch eine in der Figur nicht gezeigte Zuführungsvorrichtung durch einen Werkzeugwirkbereich 54 zwischen der Sonotrode 46 und der Amboßwalze 52 geführt. Ein oder mehrere Sensoren 56, welche oberhalb der Materialbahn 48 angeordnet sind, tasten die Oberfläche der Materialbahn vor Durchlaufen des Werkzeugwirk- bereichs 54 berührungslos ab. Insbesondere handelt es sich bei den Sensoren 56 um Metalldetektoren wie beispielsweise induktive Näherungsschalter, um zu ermitteln, ob auf der Oberfläche der Materialbahn metallische Verunreinigungen vorhanden sind. Dies dient zur Vermeidung von Beschädigungen der Sonotrode 46. Dazu sind die Sensoren 56 mit einer Steuerungsund Regelungseinrichtung 58 verbunden, welche bei Empfang eines Detektionssignals durch die Sensoren 56 das Proportionalventil 30 so schaltet, daß über die Zugfeder 32 die Sonotrode nach oben aus dem Werkzeugwirkbereich 54 bewegt wird.The workpiece 48, which is in particular a material web, for example a material web of a thermoplastic material, is guided by a feed device (not shown in the figure) through a tool effective area 54 between the sonotrode 46 and the anvil roller 52. One or more sensors 56, which are arranged above the material web 48, scan the surface of the material web before passing through the tool action. area 54 without contact. In particular, the sensors 56 are metal detectors such as, for example, inductive proximity switches, in order to determine whether metallic contaminants are present on the surface of the material web. This serves to avoid damage to the sonotrode 46. For this purpose, the sensors 56 are connected to a control and regulating device 58 which, when a detection signal is received by the sensors 56, switches the proportional valve 30 such that the sonotrode is pulled upward out of the tool effective area 54 via the tension spring 32 is moved.
Es ist noch eine Gebläseeinrichtung 60 vorgesehen, die einen Luftstrom 62 in Richtung des Werkstückes 48 bei dessen Durchführung durch die erfindungsgemäße Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung 10 abgibt, um dieses zu kühlen. Es kann dabei vorgesehen sein, daß der Luftstrom 62 auch die Sonotrode 46 erfaßt, so daß die Temperatur im Werkzeugwirkbereich 54 im wesentlichen konstant gehalten werden kann.A blower device 60 is also provided, which emits an air flow 62 in the direction of the workpiece 48 when it is carried out by the ultrasound processing device 10 according to the invention in order to cool it. It can be provided that the air flow 62 also detects the sonotrode 46, so that the temperature in the tool effective area 54 can be kept essentially constant.
Die Vorrichtung wird über, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung 58 gesteuert und geregelt. Dazu ist diese über eine Steuerleitung 64 mit dem Generator 38 verbunden. Über die Steuerleitung 64 empfängt die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung 58 ein Signal, das die Ausgangsleistung des Generators 38 charakterisiert, welcher dieser an die Sonotrode 46 abgibt. Die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung 58 empfängt ferner ein Signal des oder der Sensoren 56, so daß bei der Detektion von Verunreinigungen auf der Werkstückoberfläche die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung 58 geeignete Maßnahmen ergreifen kann.As shown in FIG. 2, the device is controlled and regulated by the control and regulating device 58. For this purpose, it is connected to the generator 38 via a control line 64. Via the control line 64, the control and regulating device 58 receives a signal which characterizes the output power of the generator 38, which outputs this to the sonotrode 46. The control and regulating device 58 also receives a signal from the sensor or sensors 56, so that the control and regulating device 58 can take suitable measures when detecting impurities on the workpiece surface.
Ferner empfängt die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung ein Signal von der Zuführungseinrichtung 66 zur Durchführung der Materialbahn 48 durch die Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung 10, welches die Geschwindigkeit der Materialbahndurchführung angibt.Furthermore, the control and regulating device receives a signal from the feed device 66 for carrying out the material web 48 through the ultrasound processing device 10, which indicates the speed of the material web passage.
Die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung 58 ist mit dem steuerbaren Proportionalventil 30 verbunden, so daß über das Ventil 30 der Hub des Kolbens 26 und damit die Linearverschiebung des Schlittens 18 steuerbar ist. Dadurch läßt sich die Anpreßkraft der Sonotrode 46 auf das Werkstück 48 steuern und damit, wenn mit Ultraschall geschweißt wird, die Schweißkraft.The control and regulating device 58 is connected to the controllable proportional valve 30, so that the stroke of the piston 26 and thus the linear displacement of the slide 18 can be controlled via the valve 30. In this way, the contact pressure of the sonotrode 46 on the workpiece 48 can be controlled and thus, when welding with ultrasound, the welding force.
Ferner ist die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung 58 über eine Leitung 68 mit dem Generator 38 verbunden. Dem Hochfrequenzsignal des Hochfrequenzgenerators 38 läßt sich bei der gezeigten Variante über eine Überlagerungseinrichtung 70 ein Gleichspannungssignal überlagern. Über dieses Gleichspannungssignal, das dem Hochfrequenzsignal auf der Leitung 40 insbesondere über Pulsweitenmodulation aufgeprägt wird, läßt sich die Amplitude der Sonotrode 46 bei deren Schwingung steuern. Furthermore, the control and regulating device 58 is connected to the generator 38 via a line 68. In the variant shown, a DC voltage signal can be superimposed on the high-frequency signal of the high-frequency generator 38 via a superimposition device 70. The amplitude of the sonotrode 46 can be controlled as it vibrates via this DC voltage signal, which is impressed on the high-frequency signal on the line 40, in particular via pulse width modulation.
WO 01/62429 , _, PCT/EPO 1/02075WO 01/62429, _, PCT / EPO 1/02075
-15--15-
Die Amplitude kann bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform über die Frequenz gesteuert werden. Es existieren daneben noch weitere Möglichkeiten zur Amplitudensteuerung.In an alternative embodiment, the amplitude can be controlled via the frequency. There are also other options for amplitude control.
In Figur 2 ist die Steuerung der Sonotrodenbewegung über die Steuerung des Ventils 30 durch Verschiebung des Schlittens 18 durch einen Doppelpfeil 72 angedeutet und die Steuerung der Sonotrodenschwingung durch Änderung der Amplitude durch einen Doppelpfeil 74.In FIG. 2, the control of the sonotrode movement via the control of the valve 30 by moving the slide 18 is indicated by a double arrow 72 and the control of the sonotrode oscillation by changing the amplitude by a double arrow 74.
Das erfindungsgemäße Steuerungs- und Regelungsverfahren erfolgt nun wie folgt:The control and regulation method according to the invention is now carried out as follows:
Es wird bei der Bearbeitung einer Materialbahn ein Arbeitspunkt 76 vorgegeben. Dieser Arbeitspunkt ist unter anderem bestimmt durch die Geschwindigkeit der Materialbahn, die Art des Materials des Werkstückes 48 und die Dicke der Materialbahn. Der Arbeitspunkt liegt dabei bei einer bestimmten Generatorausgangsleistung 78 und bei einer bestimmten Schweißkraft bzw. Amplitude der Sonotrode 46. Dies ist durch das Bezugszeichen 80 auf der Abszisse in Figur 3 angedeutet. Die Ausgangsleistung des Generators 38 läßt sich dabei direkt ermitteln oder über den Generatorstrom I .A working point 76 is specified when processing a material web. This operating point is determined, among other things, by the speed of the material web, the type of material of the workpiece 48 and the thickness of the material web. The operating point is at a specific generator output power 78 and at a specific welding force or amplitude of the sonotrode 46. This is indicated by the reference symbol 80 on the abscissa in FIG. 3. The output power of the generator 38 can be determined directly or via the generator current I.
Um den Arbeitspunkt wird ein Leistungsfenster 82 gelegt. Erfahrungsgemäß ist es so, daß die Schweißkraft und/oder Amplitude für den jeweiligen Schweißvorgang innerhalb eines solchen Toleranzfensters 82 verändert werden können, ohne daß dadurch das Schweißergebnis im wesentlichen beeinflußt wird. Die Ausgangsleistung des Generators 38 ist nun die Regelgröße. Die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinheit 58 ermittelt aus dem über die Steuerleitung 64 übertragenen Signal, ob die Generator-Ausgangsleistung innerhalb des vorgegebenen Leistungsfensters 82 liegt. Ist dies der Fall, müssen Schweißkraft und Amplitude der Sonotrode 46 nicht verändert werden.A power window 82 is placed around the operating point. Experience has shown that the welding force and / or amplitude for the respective welding process can be changed within such a tolerance window 82 without the welding result being essentially influenced thereby. The output power of generator 38 is now the controlled variable. The control and regulation unit 58 determines from the signal transmitted via the control line 64 whether the generator output power is within the predetermined power window 82. If so, you must The welding force and amplitude of the sonotrode 46 cannot be changed.
Geht die Ausgangsleistung aus dem Leitungsfenster 82, dann wird die Schweißkraft S und/oder die Amplitude A der Sonotrode 46 so angepaßt, daß die Ausgangsleistung wieder in das Leistungsfenster 82 zurückgeht. Die Schweißkraft wird dadurch verändert, daß der Abstand zwischen Sonotrode 46 und dem Gegenwerkzeug 52 (und damit der Abstand zwischen der Sonotrode 46 und dem Werkstück 48 ) durch Bewegung des Schlittens 18 geändert wird. Die Amplitude A wird entsprechend durch Änderung des Gleichspannungssignals, welches dem Hochfrequenzsignal des Generators 38 überlagert wird, variiert.If the output power goes out of the line window 82, then the welding force S and / or the amplitude A of the sonotrode 46 is adjusted so that the output power goes back into the power window 82. The welding force is changed in that the distance between the sonotrode 46 and the counter tool 52 (and thus the distance between the sonotrode 46 and the workpiece 48) is changed by moving the carriage 18. The amplitude A is varied accordingly by changing the DC voltage signal which is superimposed on the high-frequency signal of the generator 38.
Ein Herauslaufen der Ausgangsleistung aus dem Fenster kann beispielsweise dadurch auftreten, daß eine Materialbahn eine ungleichmäßige Dicke aufweist. Verringert sich dann der Abstand zwischen der Materialoberfläche und der Sonotrode 46, dann kann diese eine hohe Leistung in das Werkstück 48 einbringen und die Ausgangsleistung des Generators 38 erhöht sich, so daß diese aus dem Leistungsfenster 82 laufen kann. Durch Verringerung der Amplitude A und/oder der Schweißkraft S läßt sich dann die Ausgangsleistung des Generators 38, welche damit die Regelgröße darstellt, wieder zurück in das Leistungsfenster 82 führen.The output power may run out of the window, for example, if a material web has an uneven thickness. If the distance between the material surface and the sonotrode 46 then decreases, then this can introduce a high power into the workpiece 48 and the output power of the generator 38 increases so that it can run out of the power window 82. By reducing the amplitude A and / or the welding force S, the output power of the generator 38, which thus represents the controlled variable, can then be fed back into the power window 82.
Die Variation der Amplitude hat dabei den Vorteil, daß dadurch Veränderungen sehr schnell erfaßbar sind, insbesondere läßt sich dadurch eine sehr kurze Reaktionszeit beispielsweise in der Größenordnung von 5 ms bis 10 ms erreichen. Die Anpreßkraft (Schweißkraft) läßt sich über die Steuerung des Ventils 30 mit einer Reaktionszeit in der Größenordnung von beispielsweise 50 ms bis 700 ms bewirken. Der Arbeitspunkt 76 ist grundsätzlich abhängig von der Geschwindigkeit der Zuführung des Werkstücks 48 und damit der Durchführungsgeschwindigkeit der Materialbahn durch die erfindungsgemäße Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung 10. Der Arbeitspunkt ist damit eine Funktion der Geschwindigkeit, wie in Figur 3 durch die strichpunktierte Linie 84 angedeutet. Beispielsweise wird bei einer niedrigen Durchführungsgeschwindigkeit einer Materialbahn keine so hohe Ausgangsleistung benötigt wie beim schnellen Durchführen durch die Vorrichtung 10. Damit ist die Lage des Leistungsfensters 82 grundsätzlich abhängig von der Geschwindigkeit des Werkstücks 48 durch den Werkzeugwirkbereich 54. Die Abmessungen des Leistungsfensters 82 können ebenfalls abhängig sein von der Lage des Arbeitspunktes 76, wobei jedoch diese Abhängigkeit in der Regel vernachlässigbar ist.The variation of the amplitude has the advantage that changes can be detected very quickly as a result, in particular a very short response time can be achieved, for example in the order of 5 ms to 10 ms. The contact pressure (welding force) can be effected via the control of the valve 30 with a response time in the order of magnitude of, for example, 50 ms to 700 ms. The operating point 76 is fundamentally dependent on the speed of the feed of the workpiece 48 and thus the throughput speed of the material web through the ultrasound processing device 10 according to the invention. The operating point is thus a function of the speed, as indicated in FIG. For example, at a low throughput speed of a material web, the output power required is not as high as when it is carried out quickly by the device 10. The position of the power window 82 is therefore fundamentally dependent on the speed of the workpiece 48 through the tool effective area 54 be of the position of the working point 76, but this dependency is usually negligible.
Da die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung 58 von der Zuführungseinrichtung 66 ein Signal empfängt, welches die Geschwindigkeit des Werkstücks 48 angibt, ist dieser damit die Geschwindigkeit des Werkstücks durch den Werkzeugwirkbereich 54 bekannt und sie kann damit das Leistungsfenster 82 in Abhängigkeit dieser Geschwindigkeit auswählen, um so die Ausgangsleistung des Generators 38 zu regeln. Zur Vorgabe der Leistungsfenster können beispielsweise Kalibrierungsläufe durchgeführt werden.Since the control and regulating device 58 receives a signal from the feed device 66 which indicates the speed of the workpiece 48, the latter is thus aware of the speed of the workpiece through the tool effective area 54 and can therefore select the power window 82 depending on this speed, and so on to regulate the output power of the generator 38. For example, calibration runs can be carried out to specify the performance windows.
Insbesondere läßt sich dadurch, wie in Figur 4 gezeigt, eine Anfahrrampe 86 bei der Leistungsregelung berücksichtigen. Beim Hochfahren der Anlage wird das Werkstück mit zunehmender Geschwindigkeit durch die Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung 10 gefahren. Dadurch ändert sich die Lage des Arbeitspunktes 88 und damit des Leistungsfensters 90. Über die Anfahrrampe 86 kann die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung 56 das Anfahren der Anlage mitberücksichtigen. Ebenso wird beim Abschalten der Anlage die Geschwindigkeit der Materialbahn durch die Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung 10 verringert und erfindungsgemäß läßt sich eine Abfahrrampe 92 fahren, mit der der Arbeitspunkt und das zugehörige Leistungsfenster entsprechend verschoben werden. Die Anfahrrampe 86 und die Abfahrrampe 92 werden insbesondere dadurch gefahren, daß die Schweißkraft über Steuerung der Verschiebung des Schlittens 18 entsprechend variiert wird.In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, a starting ramp 86 can be taken into account in the power control. When the system is started up, the workpiece is moved through the ultrasound processing device 10 with increasing speed. As a result, the position of the operating point 88 and thus of the power window 90 changes. Via the starting ramp 86, the control and regulating device 56 can also take into account the starting of the system. Likewise, when the system is switched off, the speed of the material web is reduced by the ultrasound processing device 10 and, according to the invention, a downward ramp 92 can be driven with which the operating point and the associated power window can be shifted accordingly. The approach ramp 86 and the departure ramp 92 are driven in particular by varying the welding force accordingly by controlling the displacement of the carriage 18.
Die Bearbeitung des Werkstücks 48 erfolgt vorzugsweise bei einer optimierten Geschwindigkeit, und um den dortigen Arbeitspunkt 94 ist ein entsprechendes vorgegebenes Leistungsfenster 96 als Toleranzfenster gelegt. Die Stellgrößen zur Regelung der Ausgangsleistung, damit diese in dem Leistungsfenster 96 verbleibt, sind dann die Anpreßkraft oder die Amplitude der Sonotrode 46. Es kann auch eine Kombination der Steuerung dieser beiden Stellgrößen erfolgen. The workpiece 48 is preferably machined at an optimized speed, and a corresponding predetermined power window 96 is placed around the working point 94 there as a tolerance window. The manipulated variables for regulating the output power so that it remains in the power window 96 are then the contact pressure or the amplitude of the sonotrode 46. A combination of the control of these two manipulated variables can also take place.

Claims

—xy—-XY-
P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H EP A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung insbesondere zum Schweißen einer Materialbahn (48) mittels Ultraschall, umfassend eine Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung (36) mit einer Sonotrode (46) und einem Generator (38) zur Erzeugung elektrischer Leistung zur Schwingungsanregung der Sonotrode (46), und ein Gegenwerkzeug (52), d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Ausgangsleistung (P) des Generators (38) die Regelgröße bei einem Bearbeitungsvorgang ist.Ultrasonic processing device, in particular for welding a material web (48) by means of ultrasound, comprising an ultrasound generating device (36) with a sonotrode (46) and a generator (38) for generating electrical power for vibrating the sonotrode (46), and a counter tool ( 52), characterized in that the output power (P) of the generator (38) is the controlled variable in a machining operation.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anpreßkraft (S) der Sonotrode (46) auf ein Werkstück (48) und/oder die Amplitude (A) der Sonotrode (46) die Stellgröße für die Regelgröße (P) ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact pressure (S) of the sonotrode (46) on a workpiece (48) and / or the amplitude (A) of the sonotrode (46) is the manipulated variable for the controlled variable (P).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung (58) vorgesehen ist, mittels welcher die Vorrichtung ( 10 ) so steuerbar und regelbar ist, daß die Ausgangsleistung (P) des Generators (38) in ein vorgegebenes Leistungsfenster (82) legbar ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a control and regulating device (58) is provided, by means of which the device (10) can be controlled and regulated in such a way that the output power (P) of the generator (38) into one predetermined performance window (82) can be placed.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anpreßkraft (S) der Sonotrode (46) so steuerbar ist, daß die Ausgangsleistung (P) des Generators (38) in ein vorgegebenes Leistungsfenster (82) legbar ist. Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitude (A) der Sonotrode (46) so steuerbar ist, daß die Ausgangsleistung (P) des Generators (38) in ein vorgegebenes Leistungsfenster (82) legbar ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the contact pressure (S) of the sonotrode (46) can be controlled in such a way that the output power (P) of the generator (38) can be placed in a predetermined power window (82). Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the amplitude (A) of the sonotrode (46) can be controlled so that the output power (P) of the generator (38) can be placed in a predetermined power window (82).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitude (A) der Sonotrode (46) über ein Gleichspannungssignal steuerbar ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that the amplitude (A) of the sonotrode (46) can be controlled via a DC voltage signal.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitude (A) der Sonotrode (46) über ein pulsweitenmoduliertes Signal steuerbar ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the amplitude (A) of the sonotrode (46) can be controlled via a pulse width modulated signal.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Leistungsfenster (82) um einen Arbeitspunkt (80) liegt.Ultrasonic processing device according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the power window (82) lies around an operating point (80).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lage des Arbeitspunktes ( 80 ) abhängig von der Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit des Werkstücks (46) zur Sonotrode (46) ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 8, characterized in that the position of the working point (80) depends on the feed speed of the workpiece (46) to the sonotrode (46).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung (58) die Vorgabe des Leistungsfensters ( 82 ) in Abhängigkeit der Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit der Materialbahn (48) durchführt. Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Anfahrrampe (86) für den Arbeitspunkt ( 82 ) bei Beginn der Werkstückzuführung vorgesehen ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 9, characterized in that the control and regulating device (58) performs the specification of the power window (82) as a function of the feed speed of the material web (48). Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 10, characterized in that a starting ramp (86) for the working point (82) is provided at the start of the workpiece feed.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Abfahrrampe ( 92 ) bei Beendigung der Werkstückzuführung vorgesehen ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that an exit ramp (92) is provided at the end of the workpiece feed.
Ultraschall-BearbeitungsVorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung (58) ein Signal, welches die Generatorausgangsleistung (P) und/oder den Generatorstrom (I) angibt, zugeführt wird.Ultrasonic processing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control and regulating device (58) is supplied with a signal which indicates the generator output power (P) and / or the generator current (I).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Steuerung der Anpreßkraft ( S ) der Abstand zwischen der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung (36) und dem Gegenwerkzeug (52) über eine Verschieblichkeit der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung (36) veränderbar ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to control the contact pressure (S), the distance between the ultrasonic generating device (36) and the counter-tool (52) can be varied by means of a displaceability of the ultrasonic generating device (36).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Festanschlag (22) zur Definition eines minimalen Abstandes zwischen der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung (36) und dem GegenwerkzeugUltrasonic processing device according to claim 14, characterized in that a fixed stop (22) for defining a minimum distance between the ultrasonic generating device (36) and the counter tool
( 52 ) vorgesehen ist.(52) is provided.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ultraschall- Erzeugungseinrichtung (36) in einer Linearführung (20) gelagert ist. Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Druckzylinder (24) zur Bewegung der Ultraschall-Erzeugungseinrichtung (36) vorgesehen ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the ultrasonic generating device (36) is mounted in a linear guide (20). Ultrasonic processing device according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that a pressure cylinder (24) is provided for moving the ultrasonic generating device (36).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Achse des Druckzylinders (24) kollinear zur Kraftrichtung (16) der Sonotrode (46) auf das Werkstück (48) ausgerichtet ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to Claim 17, characterized in that an axis of the pressure cylinder (24) is aligned collinearly with the direction of force (16) of the sonotrode (46) on the workpiece (48).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 17 oder 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckzylinder (24) über ein Proportionalventil (30) steuerbar ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the pressure cylinder (24) can be controlled via a proportional valve (30).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckzylinder (24) über ein elastisches Element (32) mit einem Vorrichtungsgestell (12) verbunden ist, wobei eine Rückstellkraft des elastischen Elements (32) in Richtung von dem Gegenwerkzeug (52) weg wirkt.Ultrasonic processing device according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the pressure cylinder (24) is connected via an elastic element (32) to a device frame (12), a restoring force of the elastic element (32) in the direction of the counter-tool (52) looks away.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein oder mehrere Sensoren (46) zur Detektion von Metallverunreinigungen in einer Materialbahn vor Erreichen der Sonotrode (46) vorgesehen sind.Ultrasonic processing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more sensors (46) are provided for detecting metal contamination in a material web before reaching the sonotrode (46).
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerungs- und Regelungseinrichtung (58) bei der Detektion von Metallverunreinigungen eine Wegbewegung der Sonotrode (46) von dem Werkstück (58) veranlaßt. Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Gebläseeinrichtung (60) vorgesehen ist, durch die Luft zur Kühlung der Materialbahn ( 48 ) der Vorrichtung zuführbar ist.Ultrasonic processing device according to Claim 21, characterized in that the control and regulating device (58) causes the sonotrode (46) to move away from the workpiece (58) when metal contamination is detected. Ultrasonic processing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a blower device (60) is provided, through which air for cooling the material web (48) can be fed to the device.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsverfahren insbesondere zum Schweißen von Materialbahnen, wobei ein Generator elektrische Leistung zur Schwingungsanregung einer Sonotrode abgibt und ein Werkstück mittels der Sonotrode bearbeitet wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Ausgangsleistung des Generators zur Bearbeitung des Werkstücks geregelt wird.Ultrasonic processing method, in particular for welding material webs, whereby a generator emits electrical power to excite vibrations from a sonotrode and a workpiece is processed by means of the sonotrode, so that the output power of the generator for processing the workpiece is regulated.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausgangsleistung des Generators so gesteuert und geregelt wird, daß diese in einem vorgegebenen Leistungsfenster liegt.Ultrasonic processing method according to claim 24, characterized in that the output power of the generator is controlled and regulated so that it lies in a predetermined power window.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Regelung der Ausgangsleistung des Generators die Anpreßkraft und/oder die Amplitude der Sonotrode gesteuert wird.Ultrasonic processing method according to claim 25, characterized in that the contact pressure and / or the amplitude of the sonotrode is controlled to regulate the output power of the generator.
Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 25 oder 26, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Arbeitspunkt, um welchen das Leistungsfenster gelegt ist, in Abhängigkeit von der Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit der Materialbahn variiert wird. Ultrasonic processing method according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that an operating point, around which the power window is placed, is varied as a function of the feed speed of the material web.
PCT/EP2001/002075 2000-02-26 2001-02-23 Device and method for ultrasonic processing WO2001062429A1 (en)

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