WO2001073406A1 - Device for carrying out optical in vivo measurements on the surface of living beings - Google Patents

Device for carrying out optical in vivo measurements on the surface of living beings Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001073406A1
WO2001073406A1 PCT/EP2001/003302 EP0103302W WO0173406A1 WO 2001073406 A1 WO2001073406 A1 WO 2001073406A1 EP 0103302 W EP0103302 W EP 0103302W WO 0173406 A1 WO0173406 A1 WO 0173406A1
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Prior art keywords
radiation
excitation
detector
shutter
hair
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PCT/EP2001/003302
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Pfeuti
Ingo Bebermeier
Wolfgang Heering
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M.U.T Gmbh
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Application filed by M.U.T Gmbh filed Critical M.U.T Gmbh
Priority to EP01927783A priority Critical patent/EP1269161A1/en
Publication of WO2001073406A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001073406A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
    • A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N2021/8444—Fibrous material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for carrying out optical measurements on the surface (hair, skin) of living beings, the emission radiation of which is detected via at least one optical waveguide.
  • UV radiation can be seen as activation energy, which leaves no measurable damage to the hair.
  • UV excitation as is the case with fluorescence measurements, directly triggers photon emission or whether further chemical radical reactions take place here.
  • chemiluminescence methods are useful for detecting reactions that take place within a sample, in particular oxidation processes from the outside, by means of the emitted photons, they have the serious disadvantage, when applied to in vivo investigations on the skin of living beings, that interference effects are difficult to eliminate, although disturbances are conceivable which, in their weight, exceed the intensity of the signals that are actually sought.
  • the excitation radiation which is required for most measurement processes, is carried out with a relatively low intensity in order to protect the tissue or the test specimen in general, it must be taken into account that the test specimen or its surface changes from the excited state to the Normal state subsides depending on time, ie that the measuring process itself is carried out as quickly as possible after the excitation, which either requires that the probes be arranged spatially in the immediate vicinity of the point of introduction of the excitation radiation, or that rapid movements are carried out, that is to say the device which emits the excitation radiation is removed as quickly as possible and / or the measuring probe is quickly brought into the vicinity of the excitation area.
  • the in vivo chemiluminescence measuring device for measuring diffuse emission of hair or skin uses either a suitable detector or a photomultiplier tube with CsSb photocathode as a detector and preferably 18 or 19 liquid waveguides with, for example, 5 mm core diameter for radiation coupling in the sample into the detector.
  • the spectral sensitivity of the system extends over a wavelength range of 250-600 nm. Measurements can be made with or without excitation radiation.
  • One problem associated with the invention is the design of a suitable detector shutter, since the commercially available shutters are not sufficiently light-tight for the coupling in of radiation at an obtuse angle to the closure surface.
  • the measurement results of a skin area or hair showed a clear dependence of the decay behavior of the sample on the duration of the excitation.
  • a preferred embodiment of the device for carrying out in vivo measurements on the skin of living beings comprises a radiation source, the excitation radiation of which is directed to the measurement area via a liquid waveguide, a plurality of light guides are arranged in a region which is hemispherical to the excitation point, and light signals couple through a shutter into a detector.
  • the end faces of the optical waveguides are arranged on the bulging surface located above the emission surface, namely in a spacing such that the optical waveguides directed onto the emission surface cover the entire emission radiation surface with their acceptance surface.
  • the optical fibers all "see" the same emitting surface.
  • a spectral filter can be used or such a material is used for the optical waveguide that acts like a spectral filter.
  • the device according to the invention can also be used in connection with measurements on hair, because one can proceed in a corresponding manner here:
  • Low-dose excitation radiation is administered to the hair of a sample placed on a hair harp.
  • measurements can also be carried out on hair without excitation.
  • the resulting UV activation is determined with a very short time delay as a decay curve, and this decay curve can be interpreted in terms of its temporal course as a measure of the impairment or damage to the hair, for example by a permanent wave.
  • Integral values of the determined decay curves can also be formed with this method, so that more meaningful measured values are achieved.
  • the coupling of radiation and measurement in a common device is an important feature of the present invention.
  • the short time span between irradiation and measurement and the fact that the subject or the object to be examined does not have to be moved after the irradiation necessitates considerable improvements in the interpretation of the measurement results.
  • optical fibers do not touch the substrate to be measured, so that occlusion effects are avoided.
  • the dome-shaped arrangement of the optical fibers brings a further significant improvement to existing devices.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the upper area of the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
  • Fig. 3 shows a view from below of a hair sample as a test specimen.
  • the area with the liquid waveguides 10 is shown, which lead to a cylindrical measuring head 11 which is placed on the sample (skin or hair harp) on its lower surface.
  • part 12 which interacts with the excitation and a shutter 13.
  • Several optical fibers are provided concentrically with this optical fiber 12. However, this can be, for example, eighteen to twenty such optical fibers.
  • the optical fibers lead to the shutter 13 and from there the light passes through a filter 14 into the photomultiplier tube 15 (PMT).
  • the photomultiplier tube 15 is brought to a suitable low temperature via a thermal control circuit with the aid of pelletizing elements 16.
  • the output of the photomultiplier tube 15 leads via a counter (not shown) to electronic data processing, which outputs the measurement result in the desired form and is also used to actuate the shutter 13.
  • 2 shows a carriage 131 which can be positioned with the aid of a belt drive and wheels 132. It can be moved from the closed position shown into an open position, and in this closed position the aperture 132 is sealed tightly via a 0-ring 133, which is pressed light-tight onto the holder for the aperture with the help of the carriage 131.
  • Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of a hair sample below the measuring head 11 and reveals that the hair freely suspended form the test specimen, the hair itself being at a sufficiently large distance from the background so that no interference signals can enter the measurement process from the background.
  • the device according to the invention is controlled by a computer, namely that the excitation radiation is introduced precisely in time in connection with the shutter, the shutter is actuated so that no interfering signals can get into the photomultiplier tube 15 which could give rise to measurement errors.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for carrying out optical measurements on the surface (hair, skin) of living beings, the emission radiation of which is captured by at least one light wave guide. The light wave guides are arranged on a surface (hemispherical shape) essentially central with respect to the excitation region and directed at the excitation region. Light signals are evaluated which are coupled to a detector with signal evaluation, by means of a shutter in a detector.

Description

Vorrichtung zur Durchführung von optischen in vivo-Messungen an der Oberfläche von Lebewesen Device for carrying out optical in vivo measurements on the surface of living beings
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung von optischen Messungen an der Oberfläche (Haare, Haut) von Lebewesen, deren Emissionsstrahlung über mindestens einen Lichtwellenleiter erfasst wird.The invention relates to a device for carrying out optical measurements on the surface (hair, skin) of living beings, the emission radiation of which is detected via at least one optical waveguide.
Bei in vivo-Messungen an der Haut von Lebewesen ist zu berücksichtigen, dass es sich hierbei um lebendes Untersuchungs- material handelt, das einerseits beim Messvorgang schonend behandelt werden sollte und zum anderen, dass durch den Messvorgang nicht Reaktionen im Prüfbereich ausgelöst werden, die die gesuchte Aussage über die Beschaffenheit des Prüflings verfälschen bzw. beeinträchtigen. Wenn also beispielsweise eine Aussage über die Qualität eines Hautschutzmittels durch in vivo- Untersuchen gemacht werden soll, wird die erforderliche AnregungsStrahlung zur Zerstörung des Gewebes führen und Reaktionen auslösen, die durch die AnregungsStrahlung zu Stande gekommen sind. Beide Einflüsse gehen in die Aussage der Untersuchungen mit ein und könnten diese gravierend verfälschen. Bei der Messung am Haar hingegen wird die Schädigung primär chemisch erzeugt (Kaltwelle, Bleiche) und hier ist die UV- Bestrahlung als Aktivierungsenergie zu sehen, die keine messbaren Schäden am Haar hinterlässt. Ob die UV-Anregung, wie dies bei Fluoreszenz-Messungen der Fall ist, unmittelbar eine Photonenemission auslöst oder ob auch hier weitere chemische radikalische Reaktionen ablaufen, ist derzeit nicht vollständig geklärt . Chemilumineszenzverfahren bieten sich zwar an, um innerhalb einer Probe stattfindende Reaktionen, insbesondere Oxidations- prozesse von außen her durch die ausgesandten Photonen zu detektieren, haben aber in Anwendung auf in vivo-Untersuchungen an der Haut von Lebewesen von Hause aus den gravierenden Nachteil, dass Störeffekte schlecht zu eliminieren sind, wobei Störungen denkbar sind, die in ihrer Gewichtigkeit die eigentlich gesuchten Signale um ein Mehrfaches in ihrer Intensität übertreffen.For in vivo measurements on the skin of living beings, it must be taken into account that this is living test material that should be treated with care on the one hand during the measurement process and on the other hand that the measurement process does not trigger reactions in the test area that trigger the falsify or impair the statement about the nature of the test object. If, for example, a statement about the quality of a skin protection agent is to be made by in vivo examinations, the necessary excitation radiation will lead to the destruction of the tissue and trigger reactions which have been brought about by the excitation radiation. Both influences influence the testimony and could seriously falsify it. On the other hand, when measuring the hair, the damage is primarily chemically generated (cold wave, bleaching) and here UV radiation can be seen as activation energy, which leaves no measurable damage to the hair. It is currently not completely clear whether UV excitation, as is the case with fluorescence measurements, directly triggers photon emission or whether further chemical radical reactions take place here. Although chemiluminescence methods are useful for detecting reactions that take place within a sample, in particular oxidation processes from the outside, by means of the emitted photons, they have the serious disadvantage, when applied to in vivo investigations on the skin of living beings, that interference effects are difficult to eliminate, although disturbances are conceivable which, in their weight, exceed the intensity of the signals that are actually sought.
Um bei dem vorangeschilderten Beispiel zu bleiben, treten in einer normalerweise nicht behandelten Haut nicht nur Chemilumineszenzeffekte auf, die mit der Schutzwirkung eines Hautschutzmittel überhaupt nichts zu tun haben, sondern auch andere photonenaussendende Effekte könnten bei Messungen miterfasst werden und fälschlicherweise auf Chemilumineszenz- effekte zurückgeführt werden. Hier ist insbesondere an die natürliche Wärmestrahlung eines Hautstückes zu denken, und würden Photonen, die einzig und allein auf Wärmestrahlung zurückzuführen sind, in das Messergebnis eingehen, so wäre dieses Messergebnis deshalb unbrauchbar.In order to stick to the example described above, not only do chemiluminescent effects occur in a normally untreated skin, which have nothing to do with the protective effect of a skin protection agent, but other photon-emitting effects could also be detected during measurements and incorrectly attributed to chemiluminescent effects , The natural heat radiation from a piece of skin should be considered here in particular, and if photons that are solely due to heat radiation were included in the measurement result, this measurement result would therefore be unusable.
Schließlich ist auch zu berücksichtigen, dass Chemilumineszenzeffekte ohnehin sich nur durch eine verhältnismäßig geringe Anzahl ausgesendeter Photonen bemerkbar machen. Bei in vitro-Messungen könnte man in einem gewissen Grad wohl die AnregungsStrahlung noch erhöhen, bei in vivo-Messungen ist dies deshalb ausgeschlossen, weil dies mit einer Zerstörung des Untersuchungsbereiches einhergeht und dadurch die bereits erwähnten Verfälschungen der Messung zu erwarten sind.Finally, it should also be taken into account that chemiluminescent effects are only noticeable in any case only by a relatively small number of emitted photons. With in vitro measurements one could probably increase the excitation radiation to a certain degree, with in vivo measurements this is excluded because this is associated with the destruction of the examination area and the above-mentioned falsifications of the measurement are to be expected.
Photoverstärker mit hinreichendem Verstärkungsgrad stehen zur Verfügung, aber auch hier ist im Zusammenhang mit in vivo- Messungen zu berücksichtigen, dass die aufzuspürenden Effekte so gering sind, dass schon die Eigenemission der Kathode und der Dynoden so stark in das Auswertungsergebnis eingehen können, dass keine Aussage über den eigentlichen Effekt mehr möglich ist.Photo amplifiers with a sufficient degree of amplification are available, but here too, in connection with in vivo measurements, it must be taken into account that the effects to be detected are so small that the cathode and the self-emission are already emitted Dynodes can go so far into the evaluation result that it is no longer possible to make a statement about the actual effect.
Selbst wenn die Anregungsstrahlung, die für die meisten Messvorgänge erforderlich ist, mit einer relativ geringen Intensität vorgenommen wird, um das Gewebe bzw. den Prüfling allgemein zu schonen, so ist zu berücksichtigen, dass der Prüfling bzw. seine Oberfläche von dem angeregten Zustand in den Normalzustand zeitabhängig abklingt, d.h. dass der Messvorgang selbst möglichst schnell nach der Anregung durchgeführt wird, was entweder erfordert, das die Sonden räumlich in unmittelbarer Nähe zur Einleitungsstelle der Anregungsstrahlung angeordnet werden, oder dass rasche Bewegungen durchgeführt werden, also die Vorrichtung, die die AnregungsStrahlung ausgibt, möglichst schnell entfernt wird und/oder die Messsonde schnell in die Nähe des Anregungsbereichs gebracht wird.Even if the excitation radiation, which is required for most measurement processes, is carried out with a relatively low intensity in order to protect the tissue or the test specimen in general, it must be taken into account that the test specimen or its surface changes from the excited state to the Normal state subsides depending on time, ie that the measuring process itself is carried out as quickly as possible after the excitation, which either requires that the probes be arranged spatially in the immediate vicinity of the point of introduction of the excitation radiation, or that rapid movements are carried out, that is to say the device which emits the excitation radiation is removed as quickly as possible and / or the measuring probe is quickly brought into the vicinity of the excitation area.
Die AnregungsStrahlung bringt * durch ihren Einsatz besondere Probleme mit sich, weil diese Strahlung nicht zum Eingang der Photovervielfältiger-Röhre gelangen darf, da die Strahlung die Eingangskathode zerstören würde oder zumindestens so weit beeinträchtigen würde, dass eine brauchbare Messung ausgeschlossen ist. Hier werden verstellbare Verschlüsse, Shutter genannt, eingesetzt, wobei diese Shutter bewegliche Teile haben, die zudem noch rasch bewegt werden müssen, da, wie bereits ausgeführt, der Abklingvorgang der Probe nach der Erregung zeitlich rasch abnimmt.The use of the excitation radiation causes * special problems because this radiation must not reach the entrance of the photomultiplier tube, since the radiation would destroy the entrance cathode or at least impair it to such an extent that a useful measurement is impossible. Here, adjustable closures, called shutters, are used, these shutters having moving parts which also have to be moved quickly, since, as already stated, the decay process of the sample decreases rapidly after excitation.
Diese Umstände haben dazu geführt, dass in der Praxis durchführbare Verfahren zur in vivo-Messung der Chemi- lumineszenz an Proben von Lebewesen keine zuverlässig reproduzierbaren Ergebnisse zeitnah ergaben. Die in-vivo-Chemilumineszenz-Messvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung zur Messung diffuser Emission von Haaren oder Haut benutzt entweder einen geeigneten Detektor oder eine Photomulti- plierröhre mit CsSb-Photokathode als Detektor und vorzugsweise 18 bzw. 19 Flüssiglichtwellenleiter mit beispielsweise 5 mm Kerndurchmesser zur Strahlungseinkopplung von der Probe in den Detektor. Die spektrale Empfindlichkeit des Systems erstreckt sich über einen Wellenlängenbereich von 250-600 nm. Gemessen werden kann sowohl mit AnregunsStrahlung als auch ohne.These circumstances have led to the fact that methods which can be carried out in practice for the in vivo measurement of chemiluminescence on samples from living organisms did not produce reliably reproducible results in a timely manner. The in vivo chemiluminescence measuring device according to the invention for measuring diffuse emission of hair or skin uses either a suitable detector or a photomultiplier tube with CsSb photocathode as a detector and preferably 18 or 19 liquid waveguides with, for example, 5 mm core diameter for radiation coupling in the sample into the detector. The spectral sensitivity of the system extends over a wavelength range of 250-600 nm. Measurements can be made with or without excitation radiation.
Ein Problem, das mit der Erfindung verknüpft ist, ist die Gestaltung eines geeigneten Detektorshutters, da die kommerziell erhältlichen Shutter für die Einkopplung von Strahlung im stumpfen Winkel zur Verschlussfläche nicht hinreichend lichtdicht sind.One problem associated with the invention is the design of a suitable detector shutter, since the commercially available shutters are not sufficiently light-tight for the coupling in of radiation at an obtuse angle to the closure surface.
Die Messergebnisse einer Hautpartie bzw. an Haaren ergaben in einem Anwendungsfall eine eindeutige Abhängigkeit des Abklingverhaltens der Probe von der Dauer der Anregung.In one application, the measurement results of a skin area or hair showed a clear dependence of the decay behavior of the sample on the duration of the excitation.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung von in vivo-Messungen an der Haut von Lebewesen umfasst eine Strahlungsquelle, deren AnregungsStrahlung über einen Flüssiglichtwellenleiter zum Messbereich geleitet wird, eine Mehrzahl von Lichtleitern in einem zur Anregungsstelle halbkugelförmigen Bereich auf die Anregungsstelle hin gerichtet angeordnet sind und Lichtsignale durch einen Shutter in einen Detektor einkoppeln. Die Endflächen der Lichtwellenleiter sind auf der sich über der Emissionsfläche befindlichen Wolbungsfläche angeordnet, und zwar abstandsmäßig so, dass die auf die Emissionsfläche gerichteten Lichtwellenleiter mit ihrer Akzeptanzfläche die gesamte Emissionsstrahlungsflache abdecken. Die Lichtwellenleiter "sehen" gewissermaßen alle auf die gleiche emittierende Fläche. Um Wärmestrahlungseffekte auszuschließen, kann ein Spektralfilter eingesetzt werden oder aber es wird für die Lichtwellenleiter ein solches Material eingesetzt, das in der Art eines Spektralfilters wirkt.A preferred embodiment of the device for carrying out in vivo measurements on the skin of living beings comprises a radiation source, the excitation radiation of which is directed to the measurement area via a liquid waveguide, a plurality of light guides are arranged in a region which is hemispherical to the excitation point, and light signals couple through a shutter into a detector. The end faces of the optical waveguides are arranged on the bulging surface located above the emission surface, namely in a spacing such that the optical waveguides directed onto the emission surface cover the entire emission radiation surface with their acceptance surface. To a certain extent, the optical fibers all "see" the same emitting surface. In order to exclude heat radiation effects, a spectral filter can be used or such a material is used for the optical waveguide that acts like a spectral filter.
Die Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung ist genauso einsetzbar im Zusammenhang mit Messungen an Haaren, weil hier in entsprechender Weise vorgegangen werden kann:The device according to the invention can also be used in connection with measurements on hair, because one can proceed in a corresponding manner here:
Dem zu einer Haarharfe gelegten Haar einer Probe wird eine gering dosierte AnregungsStrahlung verabreicht. Andererseits können an Haaren auch Messungen ohne Anregung durchgeführt werden. Die sich hieraus ergebende UV-Aktivierung wird mit äußerst geringer zeitlicher Verzögerung als Abklingkurve ermittelt, und diese Abklingkurve kann hinsichtlich Ihres zeitlichen Verlaufes als Maß für die Beeinträchtigung oder Schädigung des Haares, beispielsweise durch eine Dauerwelle, gedeutet werden.Low-dose excitation radiation is administered to the hair of a sample placed on a hair harp. On the other hand, measurements can also be carried out on hair without excitation. The resulting UV activation is determined with a very short time delay as a decay curve, and this decay curve can be interpreted in terms of its temporal course as a measure of the impairment or damage to the hair, for example by a permanent wave.
Auch bei diesem Verfahren können Integralwerte der ermittelten Abklingkurven gebildet werden, so dass besser aussagefähige Messwerte erzielt werden.Integral values of the determined decay curves can also be formed with this method, so that more meaningful measured values are achieved.
Die Kopplung von Bestrahlung und Messung in einer gemeinsamen Vorrichtung ist ein bedeutendes Merkmal der vorliegenden Erfindung. Die geringe Zeitspanne zwischen Bestrahlung und Messung sowie die Tatsache, dass der Proband oder das zu untersuchende Objekt nach der Bestrahlung nicht bewegt werden müssen, bedingt erhebliche Verbesserungen bei der Interpretation der Messergebnisse.The coupling of radiation and measurement in a common device is an important feature of the present invention. The short time span between irradiation and measurement and the fact that the subject or the object to be examined does not have to be moved after the irradiation necessitates considerable improvements in the interpretation of the measurement results.
Darüber hinaus berühren die Lichtwellenleiter das zu messende Substrat nicht, so dass Okklusionseffekte vermieden werden. Die kuppeiförmige Anordnung der Lichtwellenleiter bringt eine weitere erhebliche Verbesserung zu bestehenden Geräten.In addition, the optical fibers do not touch the substrate to be measured, so that occlusion effects are avoided. The dome-shaped arrangement of the optical fibers brings a further significant improvement to existing devices.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung.Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention.
Fig. 2 zeigt den oberen Bereich der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung in vergrößertem Maßstab.FIG. 2 shows the upper area of the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine Ansicht von unten her auf eine Haarprobe als Prüfling.Fig. 3 shows a view from below of a hair sample as a test specimen.
Im mittleren Teil der Zeichnung ist der Bereich mit den Flüssiglichtwellenleitern 10 gezeigt, die zu einem zylinderförmigen Messkopf 11 führen, der an seiner unteren Fläche auf die Probe (Haut oder Haarharfe) aufgesetzt wird. In der Mitte der Lichtwellenleiter befindet sich der Teil 12 , der mit der Anregung und einem Shutter 13 zusammenwirkt. Konzentrisch zu diesem Lichtwellenleiter 12 sind mehrere Lichtwellenleiter vorgesehen. Es kann sich hierbei aber beispielsweise um achtzehn bis zwanzig derartiger Lichtwellenleiter handeln.In the middle part of the drawing, the area with the liquid waveguides 10 is shown, which lead to a cylindrical measuring head 11 which is placed on the sample (skin or hair harp) on its lower surface. In the middle of the optical waveguide is part 12, which interacts with the excitation and a shutter 13. Several optical fibers are provided concentrically with this optical fiber 12. However, this can be, for example, eighteen to twenty such optical fibers.
Im oberen Ende führen die Lichtwellenleiter zu dem Shutter 13 und von dort aus gelangt das Licht über einen Filter 14 in die Photomultiplierröhre 15 (PMT) . Die Photomultiplierröhre 15 wird über einen thermischen Regelkreis mit Hilfe von Pelletierelementen 16 auf eine geeignete niedrige Temperatur gebracht.In the upper end, the optical fibers lead to the shutter 13 and from there the light passes through a filter 14 into the photomultiplier tube 15 (PMT). The photomultiplier tube 15 is brought to a suitable low temperature via a thermal control circuit with the aid of pelletizing elements 16.
Der Ausgang der Photomultiplierröhre 15 führt über einen nicht gezeigten Counter zur elektronischen Datenverarbeitung, die das Messergebnis in gewünschter Form ausgibt und auch für die Betätigung des Shutters 13 herangezogen wird. Die Fig. 2 zeigt einen Wagen 131, der mit Hilfe eines Riemenantriebes und Rädern 132 positionierbar ist. Er kann von der gezeigten Schließstellung in eine Offenstellung gebracht werden, und in dieser Schließstellung wird die Apertur 132 über einen 0- Ring 133 dicht verschlossen, der mit Hilfe des Wagens 131 an die Halterung für die Apertur lichtdicht angepresst wird.The output of the photomultiplier tube 15 leads via a counter (not shown) to electronic data processing, which outputs the measurement result in the desired form and is also used to actuate the shutter 13. 2 shows a carriage 131 which can be positioned with the aid of a belt drive and wheels 132. It can be moved from the closed position shown into an open position, and in this closed position the aperture 132 is sealed tightly via a 0-ring 133, which is pressed light-tight onto the holder for the aperture with the help of the carriage 131.
Fig. 3 zeig die Anordnung einer Haarprobe unterhalb des Messkopfes 11 und lässt erkennen, dass die Haare freihängend den Prüfling bilden, wobei die Haare zum Hintergrund selbst einen ausreichend großen Abstand haben, so dass vom Untergrund her keine Störsignale in den Messvorgang eingehen können.Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of a hair sample below the measuring head 11 and reveals that the hair freely suspended form the test specimen, the hair itself being at a sufficiently large distance from the background so that no interference signals can enter the measurement process from the background.
Die Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung wird über einen Rechner gesteuert, und zwar wird die AnregungsStrahlung zeitlich genau im Zusammenhang mit dem Shutter eingeleitet, der Shutter wird betätigt, so dass in die Photomultiplierröhre 15 keine störendem Signale gelangen können, die Anlass für Messfehler sein könnten. The device according to the invention is controlled by a computer, namely that the excitation radiation is introduced precisely in time in connection with the shutter, the shutter is actuated so that no interfering signals can get into the photomultiplier tube 15 which could give rise to measurement errors.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung von optischen Messungen an der Oberfläche (Haare, Haut) von Lebewesen, deren Emissionsstrahlung (ggfs. nach der Anregungsbestrahlung) über mindestens einen Lichtwellenleiter erfasst wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lichtwellenleiter (10) zur Erfassung der Emissionsstrahlung auf einer zur Anregungsstelle im wesentlichen zentrischen Halbkugelfläche und auf die Anregungsstelle hin gerichtet ortsfest angeordnet sind, mindestens ein Lichtwellenleiter (12) für die Anregungsbestrahlung oberhalb der Anregungsstelle ortsfest angeordnet ist und dass die Signale der Lichtwellenleiter (10) zur Erfassung der EmissionsStrahlung über einen sich unmittelbar nach der Beendigung der Anregungsbestrahlung öffnenden Shutter (13) in einen Detektor (15) mit Signalauswertung eingekoppelt werden, wobei Shutter und Lichtwellenleiter eine gemeinsame Baueinheit bilden, ohne dass eine Wärmebrücke zwischen Anregungsstelle und Detektor gebildet wird.1. Device for carrying out optical measurements on the surface (hair, skin) of living beings whose emission radiation (possibly after the excitation radiation) is detected via at least one optical waveguide, characterized in that the optical waveguide (10) is used to detect the emission radiation on a to the excitation point essentially central hemisphere and directed towards the excitation point are arranged in a fixed position, at least one optical waveguide (12) for the excitation radiation is arranged fixed above the excitation point and that the signals of the optical fibers (10) for detecting the emission radiation are immediately after the Shutter (13) opening the excitation radiation are coupled into a detector (15) with signal evaluation, the shutter and optical waveguide forming a common structural unit without a thermal bridge being formed between the excitation point and the detector.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch Spektralfilter zwischen Shutter und Detektor.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized by spectral filters between the shutter and detector.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lichtwellenleiter mit als Spektralfilter dienen. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the optical waveguides also serve as spectral filters.
PCT/EP2001/003302 2000-03-29 2001-03-23 Device for carrying out optical in vivo measurements on the surface of living beings WO2001073406A1 (en)

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EP01927783A EP1269161A1 (en) 2000-03-29 2001-03-23 Device for carrying out optical in vivo measurements on the surface of living beings

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE2000115480 DE10015480A1 (en) 2000-03-29 2000-03-29 Device for conducting optical in vivo measurements on surfaces of living beings has shutter/light waveguide unit, no thermal bridge between stimulation point, detector
DE10015480.8 2000-03-29

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DE10015480A1 (en) 2001-10-11

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