WO2002025277A1 - Heart-lung machine provided with a device for electrical impedance measurement, and method therefore - Google Patents
Heart-lung machine provided with a device for electrical impedance measurement, and method therefore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002025277A1 WO2002025277A1 PCT/NL2001/000701 NL0100701W WO0225277A1 WO 2002025277 A1 WO2002025277 A1 WO 2002025277A1 NL 0100701 W NL0100701 W NL 0100701W WO 0225277 A1 WO0225277 A1 WO 0225277A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- transporting machine
- electrodes
- impedance
- machine
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/367—Circuit parts not covered by the preceding subgroups of group A61M1/3621
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3607—Regulation parameters
- A61M1/3609—Physical characteristics of the blood, e.g. haematocrit, urea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/65—Impedance, e.g. conductivity, capacity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blood transporting machine as according to the heading of claim 1.
- a blood transporting machine is used for extracorpo- real circulation of blood.
- Examples hereof are a heart- lung machine and an artificial kidney machine.
- HMM heart-lung machine
- One of the causes of renal and cerebral disorders is formed by a rise in the viscosity of the blood, which is caused by hypothermia and by the "acute phase" reaction generated in the body by the operation. Increased viscosity is linked to reduced cerebral microcirculation. Hyperviscosity resulting from hypothermia affects the renal function.
- the moments of canulating, manipulation of the heart and declamping of the aorta are significant surgical sources of the occurrence of micro- embolisms.
- a significant part of the micro- embolisms is still found to occur as a result of perfusi- on problems associated with the HLM.
- the present invention has for its object to monitor the viscosity of blood when it is transported extracorpo- really by a blood transporting machine.
- a blood transporting machine of the above stated type further comprising means for processing the impedance value to a viscosity value.
- the blood viscosity of a patient being treated can be measured with the blood transporting machine according to the invention.
- Claim 3 is preferably applied.
- the electrical impe- dance measurement in the blood hereby takes place as soon as it is transported out of the blood transporting machine.
- a viscosity value for the blood is hereby obtained in a short time.
- Claim 4 is preferably applied. Measuring of the impedance of the blood hereby becomes possible in efficient manner.
- the blood transporting machine is preferably embodied with a set of measuring electrodes .
- the impedance of the blood can hereby be measured between the measuring electrodes.
- the electrodes are circular. Such an embodiment allows the electrodes to enclose the perfusion tube.
- the blood transporting machine is preferably embo- died with platinum electrodes.
- the use of platinum electrodes has a favourable effect on the accuracy of the value determination of the viscosity of the blood.
- the electrodes are preferably arranged at a regular distance from each other in the longitudinal direction of the perfusion tube. A homogeneous electrical field in the blood is hereby achieved.
- the measure as according to claim 10 has a favourable effect on the accuracy of the measurement of the impedance value, and therefore on the accuracy of the blood viscosity to be determined.
- the measure of claim 11 is applied in the blood transpor- ting machine.
- Particular medications administered to a patient when blood is circulated outside the body influence the sodium concentration in the blood of the patient.
- the sodium concentration influences the impedance of the blood.
- Inclusion of the sodium concentration in the algorithm for processing the impedance signal produces a more accurate determination of the viscosity value of the blood.
- the invention also relates to and provides a.method for the operation of the heart-lung machine according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention relates in particular to detecting embolisms in the blood.
- the method according to the invention preferably comprises of detecting air embolisms and/or micro-embo- lisms.
- the blood transporting machine is embodied with temperature measuring means and means for measuring the haemato- crit value of the blood. These values can hereby also be monitored.
- the relation between the electrical impedance of the blood and the viscosity depends on the temperature and is also determined by the haematocrit value.
- a calculation of the impedance signal is necessary with an algorithm dependent on the temperature and the haematocrit value.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the device for electrical impedance measurement of the blood in a heart-lung machine
- Figure 2 shows a graph of a measurement signal for the impedance with the embodiment of figure 1 ;
- Figure 3 shows a graph of an example of change in the impedance in accordance with a measurement with the embodiment of figure 1;
- Figure 4 shows a schematic view of a device for electrical impedance measurement of the blood, wherein particles flow in the blood;
- Figure 5 shows a graph of the relation between impedance and viscosity corrected according to the inven- tion.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the measuring device 1 for electrical impedance measurement of the blood in a blood transporting machine.
- the measuring device of the blood transpor- ting machine comprises two outer current electrodes 2,3 and two inner measuring electrodes 4,5 in the perfusion tube 6, immediately after the source from the blood transporting machine.
- Electrodes 2-5 are preferably circular and of platinum or stainless steel with a layer of precious metal. In order to obtain a homogeneous electrical field the distances between electrodes 2-5 are chosen so as to be more than twice the diameter of the perfusion tube 6 coming out of the blood transporting machine.
- the impedance is acquired by measuring means 8.
- a sodium concentration measuring means 9 which is arranged in perfusion tube 6.
- Processing means 10 processes the measured value to a blood viscosity value which can be shown on a screen 11.
- the processing means can also be embodied to detect the occurrence of embolisms in the blood, air and/or micro-embolisms in particular.
- An example of an impedance signal as measured with the embodiment of figure 1 is shown in figure 2.
- a continuous recording of the change in the impedance signal (delta Z) can likewise take place.
- An example of a measurement signal of the change in the impedance signal is shown in figure 3.
- blood has electrical properties. These electrical properties differ for plasma and blood cells.
- the plasma and the interior of the cells consist of conducting fluids with a determined electrical resis- tance and cell membranes consist of phospholipids and proteins with di-electrical properties.
- the electrical impedance of blood is determined primarily by three parameters: plasma resistance, internal resistance in the cell and the capacitance of the cell membrane.
- the elec- trical impedance of the blood increases with an increased viscosity of the blood. Just as the viscosity, the electrical impedance of blood increases during hypothermia and this is determined to a large degree by the haematocrit .
- a relation can be formulated between the viscosity value, the electrical impedance, the haematocrit value, the. temperature and the sodium level in the blood.
- the latter three factors influence the impedance of the blood.
- a test arrangement with blood from ten volunteers was used to establish correlation coefficients for said relation.
- the test arrangement simulated a heart-lung machine. Gelofusine was also added to change the haematocrit value. It was found that:
- Ln (imp.) 5.466 + 2.386 x 10 "2 x HCT - 1.961 x 10 "2 x T - 5.995 x 10 "3 x Na.
- Visco 0.364 + 3.782 x 10 "2 x imp., wherein Ln is the natural logarithm, visco is the viscosity value, HCT the haematocrit value, T the temperature, Na the sodium level, and imp. the impedance according to the measurement. Measurement took place in the test arrangement with an alternating current with a frequency of 20 kHz and an alternating current value of 300 ⁇ A.
- the third formula shows a direct correlation between the viscosity value and the impedance measurement.
- FIG 5 is shown the correlation between the viscosity and the impedance of a test measurement with the blood of ten people.
- the viscosity and impedance are shown to be correlated.
- the measurement of the impedance can be used to determine the viscosity value.
- the processing means are provided with an algorithm which calculates the relation according to formula (3) , wherein a correction for the measured sodium concentration is also carried out .
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002214386A AU2002214386A1 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2001-09-24 | Heart-lung machine provided with a device for electrical impedance measurement, and method therefore |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1016247 | 2000-09-22 | ||
NL1016247A NL1016247C2 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2000-09-22 | Heart-lung machine provided with an electrical impedance measurement device for signaling microemboli and / or fibrinogen concentration. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002025277A1 true WO2002025277A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 |
Family
ID=19772129
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NL2001/000701 WO2002025277A1 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2001-09-24 | Heart-lung machine provided with a device for electrical impedance measurement, and method therefore |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2002214386A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL1016247C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002025277A1 (en) |
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WO2005059532A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-30 | Dynabyte Informationssysteme Gmbh | Cartridge device for blood analysis |
EP2187201A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2010-05-19 | Dynabyte Informationssysteme GmbH | Cartridge device for blood analysis |
US20100153029A1 (en) * | 2007-01-08 | 2010-06-17 | Vibro-Meter, Inc. | System and method for optimizing sweep delay and aliasing for time domain reflectometric measurement of liquid height within a tank |
WO2011144511A1 (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2011-11-24 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Method and apparatus for determining cellular and/or extracellular, in particular macromolecular, portions of fluids, preferably bodily fluids, of living beings |
US8388546B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2013-03-05 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US8388541B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2013-03-05 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Integrated system for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US8393208B2 (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2013-03-12 | Meggitt (New Hampshire), Inc. | Measuring of fluid in a vessel with two coaxial cable sections and a coupling therebetween using time domain reflectometry |
US8437833B2 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2013-05-07 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Percutaneous magnetic gastrostomy |
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US9125578B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2015-09-08 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation and tip location |
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US9636031B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2017-05-02 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Stylets for use with apparatus for intravascular placement of a catheter |
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