DISPENSER FOR ENDERMIC ADMINISTRATION OF
DRUG
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a dispenser and relative dispensing head for endermic administration of a substance containing an active principle . More specifically, the present invention relates to a dispenser and relative dispensing head for endermic administration of a substance containing an active principle by means of ionophoresis, hydroelectrophoresis or any other technique involving the application of energy to the substance to assist penetration of the molecules of the active principle through the skin. BACKGROUND ART
Numerous dispensers for endermic administration of an active principle are currently marketed. Many of them are so-called osmotic-membrane types, i.e. substantially comprise a vessel for the substance containing the active principle to be administered, and which is fitted with an osmotic or semiper eable membrane
through which migrate the ions generated by an appropriately generated electric field applied to the substance.
Though widely used, dispensers of this type have numerous drawbacks, which have led to the study of so- called roller dispensers, i.e. substantially comprising a vessel for the substance containing the active principle to be administered, and a dispensing head formed by a supporting structure and an applicator roller fitted inside the supporting structure and rotating freely about an axis of rotation.
More specifically, the supporting structure defines a dispensing chamber communicating on one side with the vessel through an inlet opening, and on the other side with the outside through an outlet opening.
The dispensing chamber is fitted inside with a normally click-on applicator roller, which loosely closes, and projects from the dispensing chamber through, the outlet opening. Adjacent to the applicator roller, the dispensing chamber is also fitted inside with an electrically conducting strip for applying an electric potential to the substance containing the active principle to be administered. More specifically, the conducting strip is connected by a flexible electric conductor to an external electric-energy source, is positioned facing the lateral surface of the applicator roller, and extends parallel to the axis of, and substantially along the whole length of,
the roller .
Though an improvement on osmotic-membrane types, roller dispensers also have various drawbacks preventing full benefit of all the advantages available. Firstly, using roller dispensers of the type described above, the substance containing the active principle to be administered must be applied holding the dispenser substantially perpendicularly to the surface to which the substance is applied, thus impairing efficiency and making the dispenser awkward to use .
Secondly, the substance containing the active principle to be administered is not dispensed particularly evenly, and at any rate not adjustably in terms of the amount of substance applied. Thirdly, disassembling and reassembling the component parts of the dispenser, in particular the applicator roller, are not always easy, and call for using a tool, in particular a screwdriver, to remove the applicator roller from the supporting structure, so that cleaning the component parts of roller dispensers' of the type described above is a painstaking, time-consuming job.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a dispenser designed to eliminate at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks.
According to the present invention, there is provided a dispenser for endermic administration of a
substance containing an active principle, as claimed in Claim 1.
According to the present invention, there is also provided a dispensing head for a dispenser for endermic administration of a substance containing an active principle, as claimed in Claim 13.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A preferred, non-limiting embodiment of the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows an exploded view in perspective of a dispenser in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 2 shows a cross section of a dispensing head of the Figure 1 dispenser. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Number 1 in Figure 1 indicates as a whole a dispenser, in accordance with the present invention, for endermic administration of a substance containing an active principle . Dispenser 1 is substantially elongated along' a main axis or axis of symmetry A, and substantially comprises a vessel 2 for the substance containing the active principle, and a dispensing head 4 connected releasably to vessel 2. Dispensing head 4, shown in cross section in Figure 2, is made of bioco patible plastic material, and defines internally a substantially cylindrical dispensing chamber 6 coaxial with axis of symmetry A and communicating, on
one side, with vessel 2 through a circular inlet opening 8 coaxial with axis of symmetry A, and, on the other side, with the outside through a circular outlet opening 10 also coaxial with axis of symmetry A. More specifically, dispensing head 4 comprises a casing 12; an applicator member 14 for applying the substance; a supporting structure 16 supporting applicator member 14; a retaining ring nut 18 for retaining applicator member 14; and an energy-supply member 20.
More specifically, casing 12 is substantially cup- shaped and defines dispensing chamber 6, which is defined at the bottom by a bottom wall 22 perpendicular to axis of symmetry A and in which inlet opening 8 is formed, and laterally by a cylindrical lateral wall 24 coaxial with axis of symmetry A and having an external thread 25.
Casing 12 also comprises a cylindrical, internally threaded, outer collar 26, which extends coaxially with axis of symmetry A, along an extension of inlet opening 8 and in the opposite direction to outlet opening 10, and screws onto a corresponding externally threaded neck portion 28 of vessel 2 to connect dispensing head 4 to vessel 2.
A through hole 30 (Figure 2) is also formed in lateral wall 24 of dispensing chamber 6, has an axis parallel to or slightly inclined with respect to axis of symmetry A, and comes out, on one side, outside dispenser 1, and, on the other side, inside a groove 32 formed in a
bottom portion of lateral wall 24 and adjacent to bottom wall 22.
Supporting structure 16 is housed, coaxially with axis of symmetry A, inside dispensing chamber 6, and comprises a flat annular base member 34 resting on bottom wall 22 of dispensing chamber 6 and surrounding inlet opening 8; and three substantially elongated supporting members 36 integral with base member 34, projecting, parallel to axis of symmetry A, from base member 34, and equally spaced angularly on base member 34.
More specifically, each supporting member 36 comprises a substantially parallelepiped-shaped base portion 38; and a substantially hemispherical top portion 40 on top of base portion 38. Energy-supply member 20 is interposed interferentially between supporting structure 16 and lateral wall 24 of dispensing chamber 6, and is substantially defined by an electrically conducting ring coaxial with axis of symmetry A and greater in height than base member 34 of supporting structure 16, so that a cylindrical top portion can come into contact with the substance contained, in use, inside dispensing chamber 6. In actual use, an electric potential is applied to energy-supply member 20 by a . flexible conductor 42 connected at one end to an external electric-energy source (not shown) , and having, at the opposite end, an elongated connector 44 which, inserted from the outside inside through hole 30 in lateral wall 24 of dispensing
chamber 6, extends partly inside groove 32 and contacts the outer surface of energy-supply member 20.
Applicator member 14 is defined by a spherical body housed partly inside dispensing chamber 6, is supported in freely rotating manner by the three supporting members 36 of supporting structure 16, and is retained in this position by retaining ring nut 18, which is substantially cylindrical and comprises a tapered first end portion 46 defining outlet opening 10, and a second end portion 48 having an internal thread 49 engaging the external thread 25 on lateral wall 24 of dispensing chamber 6 to connect retaining ring nut 18 to casing 12.
More . specifically, applicator member 14 projects partly outwards of outlet opening 10, and, together with the edge of outlet opening 10, defines a dispensing section 50 (Figure 2) through which the substance in dispensing chamber 6 flows out for application to the human body.
The transverse dimension of dispensing section 50 is adjustable by adjusting the extent to which retaining ring nut 18 is screwed to the casing. More specifically, as retaining ring nut 18 is loosened and tightened, dispensing section 50, and therefore the amount of substance applied to the human body, gradually increases and decreases respectively, when retaining ring nut 18 is screwed right down, dispensing section 50 is closed completely to cut off outflow of the substance to be applied.
The advantages of dispenser 1 according to the present invention will be clear from the foregoing description.
In particular, using a spherical applicator member 14, the substance containing the active principle can be applied holding dispenser 1 not only perpendicular to but also tilted at any angle with respect to the surface to which the substance is to be applied, thus making dispenser 1 according to the present invention far more efficient and easier to use as compared with roller dispensers .
The efficiency and ease of use of the dispenser is further improved by the form of retaining ring nut 18, whose end portion 46, from which spherical applicator member 14 projects, is tapered, so that retaining ring nut 18 slides smoothly over the skin during application, thus preventing minor skin lesions.
Using a dispenser in accordance with the present invention, the substance containing the active principle is applied much more evenly as compared with ' roller dispensers of the type described previously.
Also, unlike roller dispensers of the type described previously, dispenser 1 according to the present invention provides for accurately adjusting the amount of substance dispensed by simply tightening or loosening retaining ring nut 18.
By virtue of spherical applicator member 14 being supported at three points on hemispherical top portions
40 of the three supporting members 36 of supporting structure 16, there is practically no wear on either spherical applicator member 14 or hemispherical top portions 40 of the three supporting members 36, so that the average working life of these parts is practically infinite.
The component parts of dispensing head 4 of dispenser 1 according to the present invention can be disassembled and reassembled extremely easily with no tools required, and can therefore be cleaned quickly and easily.
Moreover, the possibility of fully dismantling dispensing head 4 enables individual worn parts to be replaced, as opposed to changing the whole head, thus reducing purchasing cost .
Clearly, changes may be made to dispenser 1 as described and illustrated herein without, however, departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying Claims. For example, casing 12 and supporting structure 16 of dispensing head 4 may be formed in one piece, and energy-supply member 20 be embedded in lateral wall 24 of dispensing chamber 6, thus reducing the number of component parts of dispensing head 4 to be produced and assembled, though only at the expense of forgoing individual replacement of casing 12 or supporting structure 16 when worn, or energy-supply member 20 when oxidized.
Dispensing head 4 and its component parts may be formed otherwise than as shown, and in particular may be substantially prismatically, as opposed to circularly, symmetrical .
Moreover, retaining ring nut 18 may be connected to casing 12 otherwise than as shown, and in particular by means of a generic axially adjustable click-on connection, as opposed to threads.