WO2002031917A2 - Efficiently generating selectable antenna polarization - Google Patents
Efficiently generating selectable antenna polarization Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002031917A2 WO2002031917A2 PCT/US2001/042633 US0142633W WO0231917A2 WO 2002031917 A2 WO2002031917 A2 WO 2002031917A2 US 0142633 W US0142633 W US 0142633W WO 0231917 A2 WO0231917 A2 WO 0231917A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- input
- output
- coupler
- antenna
- signal
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/10—Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
- H01Q21/245—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction provided with means for varying the polarisation
Definitions
- This invention relates to an antenna system capable of transmitting electromagnetic radiation and, more particularly, to microwave transmitters associated with an antenna which allows the user to select antenna polarization.
- the conventional method for generating high quality switchable dual polarization is to use an antenna with two input ports, one for each of the desired polarizations. An RF switch is then used to connect to the appropriate input port of the antenna, thus allowing selection of the desired polarization.
- several amplifiers must be used. As a result, one or more couplers are required for combining the outputs of multiple amplifiers.
- the RF switch which is selected must be capable of switching the full output power of these amplifiers. In light of this, it is desirable to eliminate the need for high power switching and couplers, reducing the amplification required to overcome the losses inherent in these devices.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a system embodying the invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the circularly polarized antenna implementation in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the linearly polarized antenna implementation.
- This technique for efficiently generating selectable antenna polarization incorporates a circuit for combining two quadrature signals to obtain circular polarization, and adds a simple feedback method to correct for amplitude and phase errors in the signal paths thus minimizing the level of the cross-polarized signal.
- the invention eliminates the insertion loss introduced by a polarization switching device, the difficulty in realizing solid state switches for application requiring more than 100 watts of output power, and the need for an expensive polarizator on the output of the antenna, and improves the reliability since the power amplifier failure rate is nearly proportional to the output power requirement of the amplifier while reducing the overall cost of the implementation.
- FIG. 1 an expanded RF block diagram for the outdoor unit (ODU) is shown wherein the polarization control circuit 10 is contained in the shaded area.
- ODU outdoor unit
- FIG. 2 a polarization control circuit 10, as contained in the shaded area in Figure 1 , is shown in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, Figure 2 discloses the polarization control circuit 10 for the circularly polarized antenna implementation of the invention.
- the forward signal path consists of polarization switch 12, input quadrature coupler 14, which may be a 3 decibel (dB) coupler, amplitude and phase variable elements 16, 18, power amplifiers 20, 22, couplers 24, 26, ortho-mode transducer junction also known as an ortho-mode tees, or dual-mode transducer 28, and a circularly polarized antenna 30.
- dB decibel
- the input signal is applied to polarization switch 12 which allows either right hand circular polarization (RHCP) or left hand circular polarization (LHCP) by selecting the input port of the input quadrature coupler 14 to which the input signal is connected.
- the outputs of input quadrature coupler 14 are in turn connected to amplitude and phase variable elements 16, 18 which provide the baseline quadrature signals to the inputs of power amplifiers 20, 22 respectively.
- the outputs of power amplifiers 20, 22 feed two linearly polarized input ports of an ortho-mode transducer 28 through couplers 24, 26. The output of ortho-mode transducer 26 is then connected to circularly polarized antenna 28.
- Feedback paths around power amplifiers 20, 22 consist of couplers 24, 26, feedback quadrature coupler 32, which may be a 3dB coupler, and amplitude and phase error correction circuitry 34, and amplitude and phase variable elements 16, 18.
- the operation of this feedback system will now be described in connection with a particular non-limiting example.
- a sample of the baseline quadrature signal which has been amplified by power amplifiers 20, 22 is taken from the output of power amplifiers 20, 22 by couplers 24, 26 and feed into feedback quadrature coupler 32.
- Feedback quadrature coupler 32 then provides these signals to amplitude and phase error correction circuitry 34.
- Amplitude and phase error correction circuitry 34 then processes these signals generating vector error signals which contain the representative amplitude and phase information denoting the deviation from the baseline quadrature signal introduced by power amplifiers 20, 22 in the amplification process. These vector error signals are then applied to amplitude and phase variable elements 16, 18 where they are vectorially added to the baseline quadrature signal which were applied to the inputs of power amplifiers 20, 22 from input quadrature coupler 14. Thus, the feedback compensates for variations in amplitude or phase introduced into the forward path by power amplifiers 20, 22. This then ensures that the two linearly polarized antenna input ports of ortho-mode transducer 28 are fed with equal amplitude signals that differ only in phase by 90 degrees.
- the polarization control circuit 10 for the circularly polarized antenna implementation of the invention allows the use of a technique in the field of communications which was generally limited to radar and jamming applications since the level of the cross polarized signal is minimized while allowing the maximum number of independent signals. Having described the functionality, it is important to point out some addition benefits of polarization control circuit 10 for the circularly polarized antenna implementation of the invention.
- the conventional method for generating high quality switchable dual polarization is to use an antenna with two independent ports and an RF switch to select the appropriate port, problems associated with the RF switch are encountered, as will be described next.
- the RF switch must be capable of handling the full output power of the power amplifiers. The difficulty in realizing solid state switches for applications requiring more than 100 watts of output power in this frequency range are well known.
- the RF switch has insertion loss. This increases the output power requirements of the power amplifiers.
- the power amplifiers must be turned off when selecting between antenna polarizations.
- Polarization control circuit 10 for the circularly polarized antenna implementation of the invention overcomes, avoids, and eliminates these problems by relocating polarization switch 12 to the input side of power amplifiers 20, 22. Also, as a result of the reduction in output power requirements, polarization control circuit 10 allows elimination of couplers typically used in the conventional method. This further reduces the output power requirements of the power amplifiers. Polarization control circuit 10 thus benefits in improved reliability over the conventional method since power amplifier failure rates are nearly proportional to output power requirements. Further, since polarization is accomplished electronically, a polarizer is no longer required. Therefore, the overall cost of the implementation is reduced.
- Figure 3 discloses the polarization control circuit 10' for the linearly polarized antenna implementation of the invention.
- Figure 3 differs from Figures 1 and 2 only in that linearly polarized antenna 36 is substituted for circularly polarized antenna 30 and the outputs of power amplifiers 20, 22 feed the input ports of output quadrature coupler 38, which may be a 3dB coupler, through couplers 24, 26 rather than the ortho-mode transducer 28.
- the outputs of output quadrature coupler 38 are then connected to the input ports of the ortho-mode transducer 28.
- the output port of ortho-mode transducer 28 is connected to linearly polarized antenna 36.
- the remaining components of polarization control circuit 10' are substantially similar and function in the manner as those of polarization control circuit 10 of Figure 2.
- output quadrature coupler 34 The purpose of output quadrature coupler 34 is to recombine the outputs of power amplifiers 20, 22. Therefore, only one input port of ortho-mode transducer 28 will have power applied at any given time.
- polarization switch 12 selects horizontal or vertical polarization rather than RHCP or LHCP. This then transforms the configuration of Figure 1 and 2 for use with a linearly polarized antenna as shown in Figure 3.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE60112785T DE60112785T2 (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2001-10-10 | EFFICIENT GENERATION OF SELECTABLE ANTENNA POLARIZATION |
CA2424101A CA2424101C (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2001-10-10 | Efficiently generating selectable antenna polarization |
AU2002211895A AU2002211895A1 (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2001-10-10 | Efficiently generating selectable antenna polarization |
AT01979988T ATE302474T1 (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2001-10-10 | EFFICIENT GENERATION OF SELECTABLE ANTENNA POLARIZATION |
EP01979988A EP1329001B1 (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2001-10-10 | Efficiently generating selectable antenna polarization |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/687,361 US6262690B1 (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | Method for efficiently generating selectable antenna polarization |
US09/687,361 | 2000-10-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002031917A2 true WO2002031917A2 (en) | 2002-04-18 |
WO2002031917A3 WO2002031917A3 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
Family
ID=24760162
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2001/042633 WO2002031917A2 (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2001-10-10 | Efficiently generating selectable antenna polarization |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6262690B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1329001B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE302474T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002211895A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2424101C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60112785T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002031917A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011056255A1 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-12 | Viasat, Inc. | Electromechanical polarization switch |
WO2011073065A1 (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-23 | Socowave Technologies Limited | Communication unit, integrated circuit and method of diverse polarisation |
CN111865392A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-10-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Polarization reconfigurable device, communication equipment and polarization reconfigurable method |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2820910B1 (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2004-07-09 | Thomson Multimedia Sa | VARIABLE POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE |
WO2004070971A1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2004-08-19 | Jyoti Prasad | Polarization coding |
US7724189B2 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2010-05-25 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Broadband binary phased antenna |
DE102006029317A1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-27 | Selex Sistemi Integrati Gmbh | Polarization modulated transmitter |
US7460077B2 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-12-02 | Raytheon Company | Polarization control system and method for an antenna array |
KR100873485B1 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2008-12-15 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Apparatus for tracking polarization |
US7865152B2 (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2011-01-04 | Raytheon Company | RF waveform modulation apparatus and method |
DE102009011542A1 (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2010-09-09 | Heinz Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindenmeier | Antenna for receiving circularly in a direction of rotation of the polarization of broadcast satellite radio signals |
ES2384714B1 (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2013-05-20 | Vodafone España, S.A.U. | SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE TO SEND A RADIO SIGNAL IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION NETWORK. |
US8918057B2 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2014-12-23 | Mediatek Inc. | Intelligent transmission antenna selection method and communications apparatus utilizing the same |
GB2482912A (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2012-02-22 | Socowave Technologies Ltd | Polarisation control device, integrated circuit and method for compensating phase mismatch |
GB2485543B (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2014-03-12 | Socowave Technologies Ltd | Mimo antenna calibration device,integrated circuit and method for compensating phase mismatch |
US8811531B2 (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2014-08-19 | Triquint Semiconductor, Inc. | Quadrature lattice matching network |
CN103378899B (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2016-03-30 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of control method and system applying cross polarization interference canceler |
CN105206898B (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2018-11-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Microwave telecommunication devices and microwave telecommunication system |
RU2596632C2 (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2016-09-10 | Хуавэй Текнолоджиз Ко., Лтд. | Microwave communication device and microwave communication system |
CN110800210A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2020-02-14 | 英特尔公司 | Wireless architecture and Digital Predistortion (DPD) techniques using closed loop feedback for phased array transmitters |
CN109509984B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-11-28 | 西安恒达微波技术开发有限公司 | Single pulse polarization-changing system applied to target tracking |
US10651565B1 (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-05-12 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Antenna polarization diversity |
CN110166099A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | One kind being used for the integrated broadband polarization emerging system of communication relay and method |
CN110890631A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 | Polarization feed network of multi-polarization mode |
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US4710734A (en) * | 1986-06-05 | 1987-12-01 | Itt Gilfillan, A Division Of Itt Corporation | Microwave polarization control network |
EP0416264A2 (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1991-03-13 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Adaptive polarization combining system |
EP0437190A2 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-07-17 | International Telecommunications Satellite Organization | Polarization converter application for accessing linearly polarized satellites with single- or dual-circularly polarized earth station antennas |
US5222246A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1993-06-22 | General Electric Company | Parallel amplifiers with combining phase controlled from combiner difference port |
US5375257A (en) * | 1993-12-06 | 1994-12-20 | Raytheon Company | Microwave switch |
US5568158A (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1996-10-22 | Gould; Harry J. | Electronic variable polarization antenna feed apparatus |
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US4005425A (en) | 1975-11-14 | 1977-01-25 | General Motors Corporation | Dual quadrature polarization radar system |
US4088970A (en) | 1976-02-26 | 1978-05-09 | Raytheon Company | Phase shifter and polarization switch |
US4754277A (en) * | 1986-09-02 | 1988-06-28 | The Boeing Company | Apparatus and method for producing linear frequency sweep |
DE9113444U1 (en) | 1991-10-29 | 1992-01-09 | Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De | |
DE69320313T2 (en) | 1992-12-22 | 1998-12-24 | Thomson Multimedia Sa | Antenna system with spiral antennas |
US6181920B1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2001-01-30 | Ericsson Inc. | Transmitter that selectively polarizes a radio wave |
-
2000
- 2000-10-13 US US09/687,361 patent/US6262690B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-10-10 WO PCT/US2001/042633 patent/WO2002031917A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-10-10 CA CA2424101A patent/CA2424101C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-10 EP EP01979988A patent/EP1329001B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-10 AU AU2002211895A patent/AU2002211895A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-10-10 DE DE60112785T patent/DE60112785T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-10 AT AT01979988T patent/ATE302474T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4710734A (en) * | 1986-06-05 | 1987-12-01 | Itt Gilfillan, A Division Of Itt Corporation | Microwave polarization control network |
EP0416264A2 (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1991-03-13 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Adaptive polarization combining system |
EP0437190A2 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-07-17 | International Telecommunications Satellite Organization | Polarization converter application for accessing linearly polarized satellites with single- or dual-circularly polarized earth station antennas |
US5568158A (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1996-10-22 | Gould; Harry J. | Electronic variable polarization antenna feed apparatus |
US5222246A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1993-06-22 | General Electric Company | Parallel amplifiers with combining phase controlled from combiner difference port |
US5375257A (en) * | 1993-12-06 | 1994-12-20 | Raytheon Company | Microwave switch |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011056255A1 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-12 | Viasat, Inc. | Electromechanical polarization switch |
WO2011073065A1 (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-23 | Socowave Technologies Limited | Communication unit, integrated circuit and method of diverse polarisation |
US8913699B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2014-12-16 | Socowave Technologies, Ltd. | Communication unit, integrated circuit and method of diverse polarization |
CN111865392A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-10-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Polarization reconfigurable device, communication equipment and polarization reconfigurable method |
US11757520B2 (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2023-09-12 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Polarization reconfigurable apparatus, communications device, and polarization reconfiguration method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2002211895A1 (en) | 2002-04-22 |
EP1329001B1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
DE60112785T2 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
DE60112785D1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
EP1329001A2 (en) | 2003-07-23 |
ATE302474T1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
CA2424101C (en) | 2010-04-13 |
US6262690B1 (en) | 2001-07-17 |
CA2424101A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 |
WO2002031917A3 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
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