WO2002043268A3 - Power line communication system - Google Patents

Power line communication system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002043268A3
WO2002043268A3 PCT/CA2001/001642 CA0101642W WO0243268A3 WO 2002043268 A3 WO2002043268 A3 WO 2002043268A3 CA 0101642 W CA0101642 W CA 0101642W WO 0243268 A3 WO0243268 A3 WO 0243268A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
waveform
data
frequency
carrier signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2001/001642
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2002043268A2 (en
WO2002043268B1 (en
Inventor
Buda Eric De
Original Assignee
Kinectrics Inc
Buda Eric De
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kinectrics Inc, Buda Eric De filed Critical Kinectrics Inc
Priority to AU2002220401A priority Critical patent/AU2002220401A1/en
Priority to CA002429581A priority patent/CA2429581C/en
Publication of WO2002043268A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002043268A2/en
Publication of WO2002043268A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002043268A3/en
Publication of WO2002043268B1 publication Critical patent/WO2002043268B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • H04B2203/5425—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines improving S/N by matching impedance, noise reduction, gain control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5433—Remote metering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5437—Wired telephone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5445—Local network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5462—Systems for power line communications
    • H04B2203/5483—Systems for power line communications using coupling circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5462—Systems for power line communications
    • H04B2203/5491—Systems for power line communications using filtering and bypassing

Abstract

A data carrier signal is injected into the secondary terminals of a distribution transformer. In a cyclic manner, electric charge and energy are efficiently recovered from a part of the carrier signal waveform, stored momentarily, and then reused to boost the signal strength in another part of the waveform. This is achieved through the use of a resonant network of active and reactive components, which has been specially designed to enhance energy efficiency. Digital data is applied to the carrier through coherent frequency shift keying in a manner that preserves the energy recovery advantages of the carrier signal generating circuit. The signal frequency and amplitude is such that it appears with sufficient strength on the primary terminals of the distribution transformer, and can travel for miles. Both the transmitter and receiver circuits use the power line waveform as a timing reference to eliminate timing errors. The receiver uses a phase detector and a dual frequency reference signal generator to decode the data being sent. Superior performance is achieved in the receiver circuit through the use of digital methods to maintain frequency control, while employing analog methods for signal capture.
PCT/CA2001/001642 2000-11-24 2001-11-23 Power line communication system WO2002043268A2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002220401A AU2002220401A1 (en) 2000-11-24 2001-11-23 Power line communication system
CA002429581A CA2429581C (en) 2000-11-24 2001-11-23 Device for sending and receiving data through power distribution transformers

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/718,504 US6549120B1 (en) 2000-11-24 2000-11-24 Device for sending and receiving data through power distribution transformers
US09/718,504 2000-11-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002043268A2 WO2002043268A2 (en) 2002-05-30
WO2002043268A3 true WO2002043268A3 (en) 2002-10-31
WO2002043268B1 WO2002043268B1 (en) 2003-02-20

Family

ID=24886317

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2001/001642 WO2002043268A2 (en) 2000-11-24 2001-11-23 Power line communication system

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6549120B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002220401A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2429581C (en)
WO (1) WO2002043268A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (68)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6480510B1 (en) 1998-07-28 2002-11-12 Serconet Ltd. Local area network of serial intelligent cells
JP2003521147A (en) * 2000-01-20 2003-07-08 カレント・テクノロジーズ・エルエルシー Data Separation Method in Power Line Communication Network
US6998962B2 (en) * 2000-04-14 2006-02-14 Current Technologies, Llc Power line communication apparatus and method of using the same
MXPA02010062A (en) * 2000-04-14 2004-08-19 Current Tech Llc Digital communications utilizing medium voltage power distribution lines.
US7103240B2 (en) * 2001-02-14 2006-09-05 Current Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for providing inductive coupling and decoupling of high-frequency, high-bandwidth data signals directly on and off of a high voltage power line
US20020002040A1 (en) * 2000-04-19 2002-01-03 Kline Paul A. Method and apparatus for interfacing RF signals to medium voltage power lines
US6842459B1 (en) 2000-04-19 2005-01-11 Serconet Ltd. Network combining wired and non-wired segments
US7012505B1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2006-03-14 Soraca, Inc. Method and system for communication on a power distribution line
US6741162B1 (en) * 2000-10-04 2004-05-25 Conexant Systems, Inc. Power line networking apparatus and method
DE10102995B4 (en) * 2001-01-24 2006-05-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Data bus for restraint in a vehicle
EP1371219A4 (en) * 2001-02-14 2006-06-21 Current Tech Llc Data communication over a power line
ES2186531B1 (en) * 2001-04-19 2005-03-16 Diseño De Sistemas En Silicio, S.A. PROCEDURE FOR MULTIPLE AND MULTIPLE DATA TRANSMISSION FOR A MULTI-USER DIGITAL DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEM POINT TO MULTIPOINT ON ELECTRICAL NETWORK.
US7194528B1 (en) 2001-05-18 2007-03-20 Current Grid, Llc Method and apparatus for processing inbound data within a powerline based communication system
US7173938B1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2007-02-06 Current Grid, Llc Method and apparatus for processing outbound data within a powerline based communication system
US7053756B2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2006-05-30 Current Technologies, Llc Facilitating communication of data signals on electric power systems
NO316149B1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-12-15 Wireless Reading Systems Asa Antenna device, remote reading device, method of providing an antenna, and use of an electrical supply line
US7102478B2 (en) * 2002-06-21 2006-09-05 Current Technologies, Llc Power line coupling device and method of using the same
US6982611B2 (en) * 2002-06-24 2006-01-03 Current Technologies, Llc Power line coupling device and method of using the same
US7286044B2 (en) * 2002-09-03 2007-10-23 Yazaki Corporation Power line communication device for vehicle
US6965303B2 (en) * 2002-12-10 2005-11-15 Current Technologies, Llc Power line communication system and method
US6980090B2 (en) * 2002-12-10 2005-12-27 Current Technologies, Llc Device and method for coupling with electrical distribution network infrastructure to provide communications
US7064654B2 (en) * 2002-12-10 2006-06-20 Current Technologies, Llc Power line communication system and method of operating the same
US7075414B2 (en) * 2003-05-13 2006-07-11 Current Technologies, Llc Device and method for communicating data signals through multiple power line conductors
US7046124B2 (en) * 2003-01-21 2006-05-16 Current Technologies, Llc Power line coupling device and method of using the same
IL154921A (en) 2003-03-13 2011-02-28 Mosaid Technologies Inc Telephone system having multiple distinct sources and accessories therefor
US7852837B1 (en) 2003-12-24 2010-12-14 At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. Wi-Fi/BPL dual mode repeaters for power line networks
US7079012B2 (en) * 2004-01-21 2006-07-18 Evans Wetmore System and method for distributing broadband communication signals over power lines
US7088232B2 (en) * 2004-03-03 2006-08-08 Evans Wetmore System and method for reducing radiation when distributing broadband communication signals over power lines
KR100561749B1 (en) * 2004-03-12 2006-04-04 주식회사 젤라인 A power line communication based service addition type meter gateway and a casing structure thereof, a power line communication system and a method using the same
US7091849B1 (en) 2004-05-06 2006-08-15 At&T Corp. Inbound interference reduction in a broadband powerline system
US8462902B1 (en) 2004-12-01 2013-06-11 At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. Interference control in a broadband powerline communication system
US9172429B2 (en) 2004-12-01 2015-10-27 At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. Interference control in a broadband powerline communication system
US20060286927A1 (en) * 2005-06-21 2006-12-21 Berkman William H Hybrid power line communications digital broadcast system
US7352282B2 (en) * 2005-07-12 2008-04-01 Yazaki Corporation Communication system
US8232667B2 (en) * 2006-02-24 2012-07-31 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc System and method for data transmission over a power line of a switch mode power supply by frequency modulating the switch frequency thereof
US20080056338A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-06 David Stanley Yaney Power Line Communication Device and Method with Frequency Shifted Modem
DE102006049507B4 (en) * 2006-10-17 2016-05-25 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Kg Plant and method for operating a plant
US7795877B2 (en) * 2006-11-02 2010-09-14 Current Technologies, Llc Power line communication and power distribution parameter measurement system and method
WO2008057810A2 (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-15 Current Technology, Llc System and method for determining distribution transformer efficiency
KR100937030B1 (en) * 2007-05-31 2010-01-15 한국전자통신연구원 Transmission Method, Transmission Apparatus, Reception Method, Reception Apparatus of Digital Broadcasting Signal
AU2008278224B2 (en) * 2007-07-13 2013-12-19 Grid2020, Inc. Transformer meter and system for using same
JP5401972B2 (en) * 2008-12-18 2014-01-29 ソニー株式会社 Plugs, plug receptacles, and power supply systems
US8427300B2 (en) * 2009-02-20 2013-04-23 Redwood Systems, Inc. Transmission of power and data with frequency modulation
US8248230B2 (en) * 2009-02-20 2012-08-21 Redwood Systems, Inc. Smart power device
US8207635B2 (en) * 2009-02-20 2012-06-26 Redwood Systems, Inc. Digital switch communication
US8058750B2 (en) 2009-05-14 2011-11-15 Redwood Systems, Inc. Discharge cycle communication
US8493053B2 (en) * 2009-12-18 2013-07-23 GRID20/20, Inc. System and device for measuring voltage in a conductor
US8619846B2 (en) * 2011-04-21 2013-12-31 Landis+Gyr Amplitude control in a variable load environment
US9038480B2 (en) 2012-01-03 2015-05-26 Silicon Laboratories Inc. Integrated circuit and apparatus for detecting oscillations
US9689724B2 (en) 2012-01-03 2017-06-27 Silicon Laboratories Inc. Resonant signal sensing circuit having a low power mode
US9293918B2 (en) * 2012-10-24 2016-03-22 Powerline Control System, Inc. Powerline pulse position modulated three-phase transmitter apparatus and method
US9559832B2 (en) * 2013-01-15 2017-01-31 Semtech Ev, Inc. Power line communication system synchronization
KR101599107B1 (en) * 2013-08-07 2016-03-02 설병화 Method of transmitting and receiving data using DP(Data Plus)formula in power cable
US9945690B2 (en) 2013-12-19 2018-04-17 Silicon Laboratories Inc. Metering circuit including a time-varying reference and method
US9166576B2 (en) 2013-12-19 2015-10-20 Silicon Laboratories Inc. Circuits and methods of automatically adjusting a discriminator threshold
US9246494B2 (en) 2013-12-19 2016-01-26 Silicon Laboratories Inc. Metering circuit including a floating count window to determine a count
US10447072B2 (en) * 2014-12-19 2019-10-15 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Power systems and methods using voltage waveform signaling
US20160209454A1 (en) 2015-01-19 2016-07-21 Patrick McCammon Wireless Power Line Sensor
US11172273B2 (en) 2015-08-10 2021-11-09 Delta Energy & Communications, Inc. Transformer monitor, communications and data collection device
US10055869B2 (en) 2015-08-11 2018-08-21 Delta Energy & Communications, Inc. Enhanced reality system for visualizing, evaluating, diagnosing, optimizing and servicing smart grids and incorporated components
WO2017041093A1 (en) 2015-09-03 2017-03-09 Delta Energy & Communications, Inc. System and method for determination and remediation of energy diversion in a smart grid network
CA3000206C (en) 2015-10-02 2023-10-17 Delta Energy & Communications, Inc. Supplemental and alternative digital data delivery and receipt mesh network realized through the placement of enhanced transformer mounted monitoring devices
US10476597B2 (en) 2015-10-22 2019-11-12 Delta Energy & Communications, Inc. Data transfer facilitation across a distributed mesh network using light and optical based technology
WO2017070648A1 (en) 2015-10-22 2017-04-27 Delta Energy & Communications, Inc. Augmentation, expansion and self-healing of a geographically distributed mesh network using unmanned aerial vehicle technology
WO2017147476A1 (en) 2016-02-24 2017-08-31 Delta Energy & Communications, Inc. Distributed 802.11s mesh network using transformer module hardware for the capture and transmission of data
US10652633B2 (en) 2016-08-15 2020-05-12 Delta Energy & Communications, Inc. Integrated solutions of Internet of Things and smart grid network pertaining to communication, data and asset serialization, and data modeling algorithms
WO2019161088A1 (en) * 2018-02-14 2019-08-22 Southern California Edison Company Power pole system
US11552676B2 (en) * 2020-02-11 2023-01-10 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Mobile device for performing power line communication and operating method thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6051335A (en) * 1983-08-31 1985-03-22 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Multichannel interphone system
JPS63287119A (en) * 1987-05-19 1988-11-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Power line carrier communication equipment
US5404127A (en) * 1991-05-10 1995-04-04 Echelon Corporation Power line communication while avoiding determinable interference harmonics
US5644598A (en) * 1992-05-26 1997-07-01 Siemens Schweiz Ag Switching arrangement for coupling a transmitting unit to a transmission line

Family Cites Families (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4040046A (en) * 1974-02-20 1977-08-02 Northern Illinois Gas Company Remote data readout system for transmitting digital data over existing electrical power lines
US3942170A (en) * 1975-01-31 1976-03-02 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Distribution network powerline carrier communication system
US4142178A (en) 1977-04-25 1979-02-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp. High voltage signal coupler for a distribution network power line carrier communication system
CH618553A5 (en) 1977-08-25 1980-07-31 Landis & Gyr Ag
FR2468249A1 (en) 1979-10-17 1981-04-30 Enertec INVERTER AND STATIC SIGNAL GENERATOR COMPRISING SUCH AN INVERTER
NZ196231A (en) 1980-02-18 1985-04-30 Sangamo Weston Transmission of digital data on power lines:data phase modulates dual coherent carrier frequencies
US4300126A (en) 1980-04-11 1981-11-10 General Electric Co. Method and apparatus, for power line communications using zero crossing load interruption
US4323882A (en) 1980-06-02 1982-04-06 General Electric Company Method of, and apparatus for, inserting carrier frequency signal information onto distribution transformer primary winding
US4538136A (en) 1981-03-30 1985-08-27 Amtel Systems Corporation Power line communication system utilizing a local oscillator
US4468792A (en) * 1981-09-14 1984-08-28 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for data transmission using chirped frequency-shift-keying modulation
US4556864A (en) 1982-08-26 1985-12-03 Roy Joseph J Apparatus and method for communicating digital information on AC power lines
US4517548A (en) 1982-12-20 1985-05-14 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Transmitter/receiver circuit for signal transmission over power wiring
US4556866A (en) 1983-03-16 1985-12-03 Honeywell Inc. Power line carrier FSK data system
US4633218A (en) 1983-12-19 1986-12-30 Honeywell Inc. Apparatus for receiving low level digital signals transmitted over power lines
US4636771A (en) 1984-12-10 1987-01-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Power line communications terminal and interface circuit associated therewith
US4714912A (en) * 1986-12-31 1987-12-22 General Electric Company Single-conductor power line communications system
US4885563A (en) 1988-05-03 1989-12-05 Thermo King Corporation Power line carrier communication system
EP0348758A3 (en) 1988-06-17 1991-05-02 Ixys Corporation Circuit for providing isolation between components of a power control system and for communicating power and data through the isolation media
US5717685A (en) * 1989-04-28 1998-02-10 Abraham; Charles Transformer coupler for communication over various lines
EP0583397A4 (en) 1991-05-10 1995-06-28 Echelon Corp Power line coupling network.
US5467011A (en) 1992-05-06 1995-11-14 National Rural Electric Cooperative Assn. System for detection of the phase of an electrical signal on an alternating circuit power line
US5406249A (en) 1993-03-09 1995-04-11 Metricom, Inc. Method and structure for coupling power-line carrier current signals using common-mode coupling
US5757177A (en) * 1994-03-10 1998-05-26 Otw Llc Infrasonic frequency resonant circuit and method for use thereof
US6115429A (en) * 1995-08-04 2000-09-05 Huang; Shih-Wei Data receiving method for receiving data through predetermined clear zones of a powerline
US5777769A (en) * 1995-12-28 1998-07-07 Lucent Technologies Inc. Device and method for providing high speed data transfer through a drop line of a power line carrier communication system
US5870016A (en) 1997-02-03 1999-02-09 Eva Cogenics Inc Euaday Division Power line carrier data transmission systems having signal conditioning for the carrier data signal
US6157292A (en) * 1997-12-04 2000-12-05 Digital Security Controls Ltd. Power distribution grid communication system
US6069457A (en) 1998-01-20 2000-05-30 Lumion University Method and apparatus for controlling lights and other devices

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6051335A (en) * 1983-08-31 1985-03-22 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Multichannel interphone system
JPS63287119A (en) * 1987-05-19 1988-11-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Power line carrier communication equipment
US5404127A (en) * 1991-05-10 1995-04-04 Echelon Corporation Power line communication while avoiding determinable interference harmonics
US5644598A (en) * 1992-05-26 1997-07-01 Siemens Schweiz Ag Switching arrangement for coupling a transmitting unit to a transmission line

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 181 (E - 331) 26 July 1985 (1985-07-26) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 114 (E - 730) 20 March 1989 (1989-03-20) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002220401A1 (en) 2002-06-03
US6549120B1 (en) 2003-04-15
CA2429581A1 (en) 2002-05-30
WO2002043268A2 (en) 2002-05-30
WO2002043268B1 (en) 2003-02-20
CA2429581C (en) 2008-05-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2002043268A3 (en) Power line communication system
CA2294216C (en) Receiving a spread spectrum signal
US20110187321A1 (en) Wireless charging system for vehicle
US20090232197A1 (en) Pulse modulated wireless communication device
JPH0685782A (en) Spread spectrum receiver and spread spectrum transmitter-receiver using the receiver
CN101611518A (en) Wave point
CN101714959B (en) Analog/digital signal compound transfer transmitter and receiver
CN102739590A (en) CP-EBPSK communication system for pseudorandom sequence phase modulation and communication method thereof
EP0992135A1 (en) Bandpass correlation of a spread spectrum signal
EP3512218B1 (en) Common wave and sideband mitigation communication systems and methods for increasing communication speeds,spectral efficiency and enabling other benefits
EP0560071A2 (en) Method of signalling
AU2001272501A1 (en) Method and apparatus for modulating a radio signal using digital amplitude and phase control signals
US20070247252A1 (en) Ascertaining zero crossing of a carrier waveform for transmitting and receiving signals with substantially no sidebands
WO2004070981A1 (en) Wireless communication system, wireless transmitter, wireless receiver, wireless communication method, wireless transmission method and wireless reception method
WO2006085511A1 (en) Pulse modulating wireless communication apparatus
JP2004529345A (en) Radio pulse train navigation system
AU6362999A (en) Method and apparatus for communication using pulse decoding
Zhu et al. Frequency shift keying for direct antenna modulation (DAM) with electrically small antenna
US4319087A (en) Secret communication system
CN108600138B (en) Carrier synchronization method for radar communication integrated receiver
CN101714960A (en) Composite signal transfer transmitter/receiver based on modulated carriers of equal amplitude and equal period
RU2216854C2 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DATA TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION OVER POWER supply mains
CN1501594A (en) Apparatus for wireless transmission of information and communication system comprising said apparatus
CN217770076U (en) Wireless information security equipment
CN202524419U (en) Signal modulation system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
B Later publication of amended claims
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2429581

Country of ref document: CA

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Country of ref document: JP