WO2002061381A1

WO2002061381A1 - Centralised control system for protecting rotary machines in fixed industrial installations

Info

Publication number: WO2002061381A1
Application number: PCT/ES2002/000045
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jacobo Moreno Lampaya; Luis Miguel Garcia Rodriguez; Luis Miguel Cerro Ciudad; Eduardo Moreno Amador
Original assignee: Jacobo Moreno Lampaya; Luis Miguel Garcia Rodriguez; Luis Miguel Cerro Ciudad; Eduardo Moreno Amador
Priority date: 2001-02-02
Filing date: 2002-01-30
Publication date: 2002-08-08
Also published as: ES2172464A1; ES2172464B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a centralised control system for protecting rotary machines in fixed industrial installations comprising the multi-point use of signal conditioning modules which receive vibration signals from sensors that are coupled to the points to be controlled in the machines and which translate said signals by means of analogue input modules in a CPU. Said CPU controls the system of switches in order to read the points to be controlled, establishes limits for each point, reads the analogue signal received from the conditioning modules in order to compare it with the pre-established limits and responds to the signal received which activates alarms. Said system comprises output modules for controlling the system of switches as well as the other CPU functions and relays for switching and connecting between components and activating wireless alarms.

Description

T ^t ^e o ^r ^l a ⁱ nvenc ^tio n SYSTEM FOR CENTRALIZED CONTROL

PROTECTION OF ROTATING MACHINES AND INDUSTRIAL INSTALLATIONS PIJAS.

The purpose of this Patent is to control system

centralized for protection of rotating machines in fixed industrial installations

and _, more specifically, a system belonging to the scope of instrumentation to

the detection and control of vibrations in machines, their monitoring and analysis to obtain global values that allow the prediction of faults that improve

maintenance efficiency and protect from catastrophic breakdowns

between continuous protection systems and on-line protection and analysis systems

sequential line, being a sequential and iterative protection system and

programmable in time and sequence The invention consists of a switching system programmed for

the multipoint detection of vibrations in rotary machines, in order to control and identify risks and warn by alarms of the state of the machines

The system can operate interchangeably manually and

automatic mode, providing viewable and transmissible information of the values

of limit control for each controlled point, selecting it in the mode

manual, or programming, in automatic mode a sequence of taking information of all ("sweep") or part ("selection") of the control points that have been connected to the system

This "orders" to receive the information (collected and transmitted through a sensor or accelerometer from each control point) about the "current" state of the vibration at a given control point, compares it with the limits programmed for that point and it determines if the situation falls within normality or if it should launch an alarm, in which case it also determines the degree of severity of the alarm, automatically issuing one or the other type of signal, depending on the severity detected.

Alarms can be emitted both visually and audibly

or electronic or with a phone call with a wireless system.

There are various measurement and analysis systems in the world

vibrations Bypassing their differences in the technique they use to

condition and evaluate the signal, can be classified, from minor to major

benefits, in the following:

1) Single point portable analysis and measurement devices. to take the

data manually at each point.

2) Fixed protection systems which, in turn, can be:

* Continuous single-point protection, in which the equipment measures the

state of a point continuously and allows to establish global alarm levels for that point.

^* Sequential protection and analysis, normally connected to a

computer (PC), which are taking and storing the information of each of the measuring points successively, comparing the

values measured with respect to predefined alarms. The PC and the accompanying software allow in-depth analysis of the data taken to gain greater knowledge.

of the state of the machine. Due to their high cost they are used when the importance of the machine is large and the development of problems is fast.

3) Real-time protection systems that, permanently measuring, must detect problems and act in hundredths of second. They are for applications where the speed of development of a

problem is very high and would cause catastrophic consequences. Usually

turbo machinery such as power generation turbines.

4) Real-time analysis systems, which complement the

above to identify the type of problem that is occurring. The

cost of the latter is very high so that they can be extended to

Less critical applications.

The system object of the invention is a protection system

multipoint through sequential and iterative detection, with data output for

manual collection and analysis with portable devices, which; In manual mode, allows vibration measurements to be made at points

connected to the system and, in automatic mode, performs the periodic measurement that

program the installed points that you want to observe, giving a simple alarm or danger signal in case of detecting a problem, depending on the

severity of it.

This system has, in relation to all others known and used so far, advantages that can be summarized as follows:

a) .- Given that the sensors of each point can be permanently installed, the present invention allows the collection

of measurements and signals of vibration of hard-to-reach or high-risk points for people (multipoint system).

- b) .- It allows saving time in data collection, since it is possible to switch an indefinite number of channels to one or more outputs with a fast digital switching. c) .- In addition, while measures are not being taken for each point,

the system continues to perform a sequential check of each of the routes of

measurement and, therefore, of the state of the machine, with the consequent increase of

efficiency in the prediction of breakdowns, which will no longer surprise us, as it happens

now in the periods between the planned measures for operators of

maintenance.

d) .- Being able to use the signal conditioning modules (M.A.S.)

for the study of a very high number of control points, cost savings

allows to install the system in machines that would not have taken it regularly and,

Therefore, it can be used by companies that sell services

maintenance economically, as they would be notified by the alarm

Wireless at any distance. e) .- It also facilitates the mobility of maintenance guards, with the consequent reduction in staffing and monitoring costs, since

allows to dispense with permanent and static personal surveillance, for which purpose

The system has output modules and relays for activating visual, auditory or wireless alarms.

The system object of the invention, intended for the protection of rotary machines in fixed industrial installations, through the collection and

Information processing on vibrations from sensors or accelerometers and that can work manually and automatically, maintaining continuous sequential monitoring to anticipate foreseeable damage situations

and facilitating the action of maintainers and analysts, it is essentially characterized by the multipoint use of signal conditioning modules (MAS) that receive vibration signals from sensors or accelerometers coupled to an indefinite number of points to be controlled in the machines and

translate, through analog input modules, into a programmed CPU of

in order to control the switch system for sequential or individual reading of the connected points, set the limits for each point with

two tolerance levels depending on the severity of the problem that can be

detect, read the analog signal received from the said conditioning modules

signal (M.A.S.) for comparison with preset limits, keep

a permanent control of sequential, continuous and iterative protection of all or

part of the points to which the system is connected, with programming of the

time and sequence, which allows hierarchizing control management through

planning of special surveillance programs for the most sensitive points of the machines or for the machines with the greatest wear and response to the signal

received, complementing the system with some output modules to cover the

control function of the switch system for sequential or individual reading of the control points of the CPU, as well as the other functions of

this, and with solid state relays for switching and connection between

components and the activation of wireless communication alarms.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the CPU manages the frequency of the scan and its periodicity, allows comparing the values from each point of the machine with the different predetermined limits for them and, depending on the result, generates different types of alarm, including wireless communication, nested according to the severity of the deviation over the preset tolerance limits. According to a further feature of the invention, the container in which

the system is preferably enclosed and is provided with its corresponding

opening and closing lid, incorporates in its base a number of grommets, equal to

of the points of the machines to be controlled, which serve as connections

to the cables coming from the sensors or accelerometers, being able to increase

the number of such bushings and that of the switching relays to achieve a

practically unlimited number in terms of points to control and a

Multiple use of signal conditioning modules (M.A.S.).

According to another feature of the invention, the lid of the

container that encloses the system incorporates, in its front face, two lamps of

different color for the emission of visual alarms, a screen or display provided with a keypad for the manual location of each of the control points,

in a backward or forward search with a "shift" control, and a BNC type output connector, powered by the CPU from a port located on the

back side of the aforementioned cover, for the connection of analyzer connectors

portable signal that allows to work in the analysis phase with any of the points controlled by the system.

Finally, the system in question is also characterized

because the lid of the container that encloses the system incorporates, on its rear face,

a receptacle or recessed for the screen or display visible on the front face of

said cover and a connection port with the CPU for the data output to the screen or display and to the BNC type output connector.

The characteristics of the system in question are described below with reference to the attached sheets of drawings, with which it is illustrated an embodiment of the invention presented by way of example and without character

limiting, so its possible variants, while they are merely accidental

and do not determine the obtaining of a new and different industrial result, they must

be considered included within the scope of protection arising from the registration that

It is requested.

Figure 1 represents a schematic plan view of the system

object of the invention.

Figure 2 represents a plan view, on its front face, of the lid of the box in which the system illustrated schematically is housed in the

Figure 1.

Figure 3 represents a plan view, on its rear face, of the cover illustrated in Figure 2.

The object of the invention can be installed in a piece of furniture, niche

of work or, as in the preferred embodiment illustrated, in a metal box (1) provided with a hinged lid (2) for opening and closing.

In the aforementioned box 1, the following elements are housed as components of the aforementioned system:

A.- A power supply (3), which adapts the alternating current to a direct current of 24 v.

B.- An automated system ("automaton") consisting of: a) A CPU unit (4) programmed for system management, both in output mode for connection, one by one, with each point, as well as input for reading the measurement received, its comparison with the allowable tolerance data for each specific point and the emission or not of each type of alarm. The programming of the CPU entails, therefore, a program of

control of a system of switches or relays of solid state (5), for reading

sequential or individual points to control; a program of limits for each

point, with two tolerance levels depending on the severity of the problem that

can detect; a program for reading the analog signal received from the

signal conditioners (M.A.S.) (6), which is the one compared to the limits

preset; a response program to the received signal, which activates in its

case of wireless (7) or light (8) alarms, depending on the severity level;

a connection to the screen ("display") (9) located on the cover of box 2, for the

display and reading of data and / or for the manual search of each control point, and a connection port (21) to a BNC output connector (18), for

provide the information of each point that allows to apply an analyzer. b) Some output modules (10) to cover the control function of the

switch system 5 for sequential or individual reading of the points to

control of the CPU and to cover the remaining functions of it. These modules must cover as many outputs as modules have to be controlled.

c) Analog input modules (11) to cover the function of the reading program of the analog signal received from the signal conditioners (M.A.S.) 6 of the CPU.

C- The aforementioned signal conditioners (M.A.S.) 6, which receive the vibration signal from the sensors or accelerometers and translate it into a linear analog output for reading on the CPU.

D.- A set of solid state switches or relays 5, which are used for switching and connection between components. E.- A relay 7 activator of wireless alarms.

F.- An entrance (12) for cables of the external electrical network, bomas

and spaces for signal relays.

G.- The corresponding gutters (13) for wiring, as well as the

automatic required (14).

The aforementioned box 1 incorporates in its base a number of pasamuros (15)

equal to the points to be controlled, intended to serve as connections

to the cables coming from the sensors (not shown).

Also, the box is provided, at any point of its periphery, of

a power switch (16).

The lid 2 of the box 1 incorporates, in its previous face, two

lamps 8 of different color for the emission of visual alarms; the referred screen

or "display" 9, provided with a keypad (17) for the manual location of each one

of the control points, in a search that can be carried out back and forth with a "shift" of control; the aforementioned BNC type output connector (18), for the connection of connectors-portable signal analyzers that allows working in

analysis phase with any of the points controlled by the system; and the

corresponding drums (19) of the locks of box 1.

On its rear face, said cover 2 has a receptacle or recess (20) for the screen or display 9; the connection port (21) with CPU 4

for data output to the display or "display" 9 and to the BNC type 18 output connector; the appropriate wiring ducts (22) and the corresponding door closing elements (23)

Claims

1 .- centralized control system for machine protection

Rotary in fixed industrial facilities, through the collection and processing

of information on vibrations from sensors or accelerometers and that

It can work manually and automatically, keeping continuous vigilance

sequential to anticipate foreseeable damage situations and facilitating the

action of the maintainers and the analysts, characterized essentially by the

multipoint use of signal conditioning modules (M.A.S.) that receive the

vibration signals from sensors or accelerometers coupled to an indefinite number of points to control in the machines and translate them, through

of analog input modules, in a CPU whose programming allows to control the switch system for sequential or individual reading of the

points to control, set the limits for each point with two levels of

tolerance depending on the severity of the problem that can be detected, read the

analog signal received from the aforementioned signal conditioning modules (M.A.S.)

for comparison with the preset limits and respond to the received signal that activates alarms depending on the severity level, complementing the system with output modules to cover the function

Switch system control for sequential or individual reading of

the points to control of the CPU, as well as the remaining functions of this one and with solid state relays for the switching and the connection between components and the activation of wireless alarms.

2.- Centralized control system for machine protection

rotary in fixed industrial installations, according to claim 1, characterized, In addition, because the CPU manages the frequency of the scan and its periodicity, it allows

compare the values from each point of the machine with the different

predetermined limits for them and, depending on the result, generates

different types of alarm, including wireless communication, hierarchical

depending on the severity of the deviation over the tolerance limits

Preset

3.- Centralized control system for machine protection

rotary in fixed industrial installations, according to claim 1, characterized,

also, because the container in which the system is preferably enclosed and

which is provided with its corresponding opening and closing lid, incorporates in its

base a number of bushings ,. equal to the points of the machines that have been

of control, which serve as connections to the cables coming from the sensors or accelerometers, being able to increase the number of such passages and that of the relays

switching to achieve a virtually unlimited number in terms of

points to control and a multiple use of the signal conditioning modules (M.A.S.).

4.- Centralized control system for machine protection

rotary in fixed industrial installations, according to claims 1 and 3, further characterized in that the lid of the container enclosing the system

incorporates, on its previous face, two lamps-of different color for the emission of visual alarms, a screen or device and equipped with a keypad for the

manual location of each of the control points in a backward or forward search with a "shift" control and a BNC type output connector, powered by the CPU from a port located on the back side of the aforementioned box, for the connection of portable signal analyzer connectors that allows

work in the analysis phase with any of the points controlled by the

system.

5.- Centralized control system for machine protection

rotary in fixed industrial installations, according to the preceding claims,

further characterized in that the lid of the container that encloses the system

incorporates, on its rear face, a receptacle or recessed for the screen or display

visible on the front face of said cover and a connection port with the CPU to

the data output to the screen or display and to the BNC type output connector.