WO2002097288A1

WO2002097288A1 - Device for operating a cable pull

Info

Publication number: WO2002097288A1
Application number: PCT/EP2002/005921
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wilhelm Schuster; Alfred Stadlbauer
Original assignee: Schukra-Gerätebau AG
Priority date: 2001-05-29
Filing date: 2002-05-29
Publication date: 2002-12-05
Also published as: AT410828B; ATA8392001A

Abstract

The invention relates to device variants for operating an implement via a control element (4), e.g. a traction cable that can be displaced, for example, relative to a pressure-absorbing element (3, 3a, 3b), e.g. a tube, inside of which the traction element is arranged. The control element (4) is, in particular, manually moved by rotating or displacing a thrust bearing (8, 21, 22, 29) around or along an axis (9, 25), whereby the control element (4) is guided inside a support (1, 2, 17, 18) and is held by the thrust bearing (8, 21, 22, 29). According to the principle of the invention, the surfaces (10, 23, 24, 34, 35) of the thrust bearing (8, 21, 22, 29), with which the control element (4) cooperates, have different normal distances (d) with regard to the axis (9, 25). The operated implement can be devices or appliances of all types. For example, the implement can be a lordotic support for a vehicle seat or for a miscellaneous seat of any type, a pad for girdles, a plantar arch or another support used in the field of medicine. In addition, an operating device of the aforementioned type can be used in the fields of sport, fitness, household appliances and common appliances. The invention also relates to an application involving the operation of valves or switches. The inventive device is particularly suited for changing the position, curvature, rotation, mounting, alteration, and control of appliances and objects of all types, e.g. of medical or generally technical articles, apparatuses and objects, whereby it can also be integrated in a fixed manner or can effect the operating action via an intermediate element that optionally functions remotely.

Description

Device for operating a cable pull

The invention relates to a device for actuating a device or generally an actuating device.

Such an actuating device can be used in all cases in which an adjustable mechanical action on a device is desired, regardless of the type of device. Such applications can, for example, adjust or adjust deformable ones

Lumbar supports for all kinds of car or other seats or for pads for corsets or for arch supports or other supports for medical devices. Furthermore, such an actuation device can be used in sports, fitness, household appliances and general equipment. Furthermore, an application for actuating valves or switches is also conceivable. The device according to the invention is in particular also for changing the position, curvature, rotation, displacement, change, control of devices and objects of all kinds, such as. B. of medical or general technical

Articles, apparatus and objects and also permanently installed or acting loose via Bowden cables, suitable for remote control.

The actuating device can transmit its mechanical effect directly or via an intermediate element, such as a cable pull. Cable pulls are used for mechanical actuation, be it manually or by motor in many cases in technology. The provision of a tension element and a pressure-absorbing element, as is known, for example, in the case of a Bowden cable, allows high forces to be exerted, resetting after actuation of the tension element generally being effected by springs. These springs can either be provided in addition, or it can be reset via the tension element by an elastic Formation of a part, for example a lumbar support, can be effected, wherein the tension of the lumbar support is relieved by the movement of the tension element in the opposite direction. The tension element can in this case, in particular, by means of a lift if only one rotation over less than 360 °

180 °, is desired or can also be operated via a handwheel or motor if the rotation is to take place over 360 °.

From US 5,397,164 A a lumbar support is known in which its two ends can be moved towards and from each other by a linkage. This linkage is supported in the end areas of the lumbar support and in the middle area. The central area has a circular disc with two receptacles for the linkage. By turning the circular disc, the linkage becomes in its relative position

Center changed so that the two ends of the lumbar support are moved towards each other and this is curved. The rotary movement is exerted on the externally toothed circular disc via a worm that can be operated with a handwheel. Such an actuation mechanism has the disadvantage that the handwheel cannot be arranged arbitrarily, for example on the backrest or the like, but must be positioned exactly. As a result, the lumbar support, for example, can only be adapted in a complex manner to the different positioning of the lordosis with people of different sizes.

For the actuation of cable pulls it is known, for example from DE 43 21 985 A, to provide a housing on which a pressure hose is supported. In the area of the support for the pressure hose, the housing has a recess through which a traction cable is guided. A threaded piece is arranged in the housing, in which the tension element is anchored. The threaded element with an external thread cooperates with a handle that has an internal thread. By turning the Handle, the threaded part can be raised and lowered in relation to the housing. The tension element is arranged in the axis of the housing and the threaded element. As a result, the device has a large longitudinal extension, since the threaded piece must be moved in the longitudinal direction of the tension element in order to achieve actuation.

The present invention has for its object to provide a device for actuating a device by means of a control element, which has a small footprint, is easy to use and possibly self-locking, which allows a control element long actuation distances and any arrangement of the actuating member.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1. The subclaims each define preferred and advantageous developments of the present invention.

The device according to the invention for actuating a device, in particular lumbar support, in particular via a cable pull, in which a tension element, for. B. traction rope, relative to a pressure-absorbing element, for. B. hose in which the tension element is arranged, via a, in particular manually, rotatable handle about an axis, the pressure-receiving element is supported indirectly and / or directly on a carrier, and the tension element is guided on the carrier and can be changed in position via a the handle is held movable abutment consists essentially in that the axis of the handle is arranged transversely, in particular essentially normal, to the tension element on the carrier, and that the surface and / or surfaces of the abutment, on which the tension element rests, to the axis has different normal distances (e.g. spiral on a cone). Cable pulls with one pull ment, e.g. B. pull rope, tape, chain, hose and a pressure-absorbing element made of a flexible hose, for. B. from a metal coil, represent proven construction elements with which forces can be transmitted in any direction. Such cable pulls can be operated both manually and by motor, the operation via a handle rotatable about an axis, for. B. gear, cable drum, armature of a motor or the like. Can be done. If the axis of the handle is arranged transversely, in particular essentially normal, to the tension element on the carrier, the length of the device can be kept particularly small. The device can be kept particularly flat due to the different normal distances between the abutment and the axis. Such a device is suitable for lumbar supports for all types of seats or pads, arch supports or other supports for medical and / or general technical devices and applications of all types.

The at least one control element can generally be, for example, a tension, compression or torsion element. In addition, for example, a tensile element can cooperate with a pressure-absorbing element to transmit the mechanical actuation.

If the abutment has a helical and / or spiral surface arranged around the axis for the tension element, the tension element can be moved in both directions to the pressure-receiving element due to the different circumference of the spiral spiral, the forces for actuation being due to the curvature of the spiral , but also the paths covered by the tension element are predestined. Furthermore, helices with different diameters can be provided. One end of the tension element can be held in a fixed or removable manner in or outside the housing. If the helical and / or spiral surface has more than one pitch, larger or smaller paths of the tension element can be carried out, or there is also the possibility that the forces to be applied are lower. At the same time, the effect of the self-locking of the device can be determined via the slope and / or curvature.

If the surface and / or surfaces of the abutment has / have at least one layer which causes a change in the friction between the tension element and the surface and / or surfaces of the abutment, then in addition to changing the normal distance of the surface / surfaces to the axis Another possibility to change the forces when actuating the tension element can be achieved. In addition, there is the possibility that the layer changes its composition along the helical and / or spiral surface. This makes it possible, for example, to switch from a covering that has a low frictional resistance to the tension element to a covering that has a greater frictional resistance.

If at least one rotatable roller is integrated in the surface (s) of the abutment, a particularly low frictional resistance of the tension element can be achieved in the surface (s).

If several rollers are jointly provided on an axis or shaft, these rollers can reduce the friction along the helical and / or spiral surface, at the same time realizing particularly simple assembly. If the rollers are on a shaft (roller), they can be integrated with the shaft, so that it is only necessary for the shaft (Roller) at both ends accordingly to achieve a reduction in resistance. If the rollers (rollers) are locked or braked in one direction of rotation, the return, z. B. difficult, and the tensioning can be facilitated (free-wheeling effect).

Is / are the helical and / or spiral surface / surfaces, z. B. the thread grooves on the cone, d. H. Abutment on or with the axis, in particular in the housing, can be achieved in that the rejection of the tension element from the

Housing can be made with a particularly small deflection, since the respective surface on which the tension element is wound or unwound (that is, the cone, for example) can be displaced from the housing before the predetermined exit of the tension element. This will wear both the housing and the

Tension element kept particularly low.

If the tension element has a loop closed around this area at the end cooperating with the helical and / or spiral surface, the tension element is moved on the one hand over the changing distance to the axis about which the spiral surfaces are arranged. At the same time, the pulling element moves in the direction along the axis of the handle and the loop is additionally widened or the pulling element is shortened (tightened) or extended twice at the other end, depending on the direction of rotation.

If the tension element is fixed, in particular fixed, in the abutment with at least one end, in particular both ends, particularly simple and effective actuation can be achieved by simply unwinding and unwinding the tension element.

If the abutment has at least one surface which is arranged concentrically to the axis, actuation of the Setup can be carried out with a constant force.

If the pulling element on the device to be actuated engages a deflection and the pressure-absorbing element is supported on the device, the force for actuating the device can take place via the pulling element with uniform force distribution.

If the carrier is formed with a housing in which the axis of the handle is mounted, a particularly simple construction is provided which at the same time ensures trouble-free operation, and furthermore the space requirement can be kept particularly small.

If the tension element is supported in the housing directly or via tension, pressure, torsion, gas, etc. springs, then a particularly stable fixation of one end of the tension element can be achieved, whereby the mechanical stress on the helical and / or spiral surface / Areas can be kept particularly small, so that a smaller dimensioning of the corresponding body is made possible.

If the tension element can be supported at different points in the housing, different resistance when winding or unwinding the tension element can be achieved with one and the same device, in particular in the initial area, depending on the different field of application.

If a tangential plane or the working plane of a working surface of the abutment includes an acute angle with the axis, then the abutment as such can be displaced particularly simply parallel to the direction of the tension element, the size of the angle also causing both the displacement of the tension element as well as the force that must be applied to achieve the displacement can be determined.

If an abutment which is displaceable on the carrier via the handle is provided for the pressure-absorbing element, the path of the tension element in the pressure-absorbing element can be additionally increased, since this element is also displaced in itself.

Is at least one slidable abutment for the

Tension element provided, the displacement of the tension element, based on the pressure-absorbing element, can be increased additionally.

If a wedge piece can be moved along the axis via the handle, the wedge surface (s) of which cooperated with the working surface (s) of the abutment for the tensile and / or pressure-absorbing element), a particularly large relative movement between the tensile element and the pressure-absorbing element can occur Element can be achieved. Thus, an abutment for the pressure-receiving element can be provided over the wedge piece, three further abutments being movable over the three further wedge surfaces against which the tension element can rest, so that a fourfold increase in the movement can be achieved.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Show it:

1 shows the section in the axial plane through a device with a spiral work surface, 2 shows the side view of the brake and drive cone according to FIG. 1, with part of the housing removed,

3 is a perspective view of a device with a wedge piece,

4 in section in the axial plane a device with differently sized cylindrical work surfaces,

5 shows the view in the axial direction according to FIG. 4, with part of the housing removed,

6 shows the section in the axial plane through a device with a spiral conical working surface, the same being displaceable along an axis,

7 shows the view in the axial direction of the device according to FIG. 6, with part of the housing being lifted off along the line A-B,

8 shows the section through a spiral and conical work surface and rollers and rollers with and without anti-return,

Fig. 9 shows the view in the axial direction on the cone

8 partially torn open and without housing,

Fig. 10 is a flat brake spiral drive in the plane of

Axis of rotation cut with flat spiral and angled sliding piece for power and adjustment acceptance

Engaging rollers,

11 is a top view of the drive according to FIG. 10 in its sectional plane AB with eccentric and parallel Decrease in traction to the CD axis at a distance from self-locking in the return,

12 shows a scissor lever (57, 58) with a decrease in force from the brake drive cone and an example of a travel

Doubling on a cable and Bowden pressure hose, and

13 shows a section through the bevel brake drive according to FIG. 12 through section AB with two further synchronously acting spreading levers (59 and 60).

In the housing consisting of two parts 1 and 2, which is shown in FIG. 1, a flexible but longitudinally pressure-resistant hose 3, which is formed, for example, with a metal helix, is supported. This hose serves as a pressure-absorbing element in which a traction cable, which serves as a traction element 4, is arranged. A driver shaft, cylinder 5, is also mounted in the housing. A rotatable handle 6 is fastened at one end of the cylinder by means of a screw 7. In the housing itself is an approximately frustoconical part 8, a drive and brake abutment, which has a surface 10 which is uniform and tapered and / or spiral, irregularly arranged about the axis 9 and can also have several pitches, the same is also helical. The housing part 2 has a thread 11, along which a nut 12 can be moved, so that the device for actuating the cable pull, for example on a wall 13, can be clamped.

The tension element 4 can comprise more than 360 ° or, as shown, less, the surface 10. Both in the force curve of the tension and the pressure element, intermediate elements, for. B. tension, compression or torsion springs, elastic materials, hydraulic, pneumatic, electronic buffers or control elements can be provided on or in the housing or outside the same.

As can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 2, the tension element 4 has at its end cooperating with the helical and spiral surface 10 a loop 14 which can be moved up and down along the axis 9 by turning the conical part via the handwheel. Characterized in that the helical and spiral surface 10 has continuously changing normal distances di and d ₂ from the axis 9, the tension element 4 is moved back and forth along the hose 3. In addition to this change in the normal distance di, d ₂ to the axis 9, the self-contained loop 14 moves up and down along the frustoconical part 8, the loop

14 also widened (π) 3.14 times di + times the wrap angle and, in addition to the increase before di to d _2, consumed multiple rope lengths (or decreased when turning back). The end 15 of the flexible hose 3 remote from the housing can, for example, at one end of lumbar supports for seats of all

Type or pads, arch supports or other supports for medical and / or general technical devices and applications of any kind are supported, whereas the end 16 of the tension element 4 remote from the housing can be arranged at the other end of a lumbar support or mentioned objects. As a result, a curvature, displacement, rotation or other change of any kind can be brought about when the pulling element is pulled into the housing or the pulling element slackens.

The device shown in FIG. 3 has a carrier, a housing with two parts 17, 18. In the same a cylinder 19 is mounted, which has an external thread 20. The handle, via which the one in the housing part 17 mounted cylinder 19 is rotatable. Abutments 21 and 22 are displaceably displaced in the housing and have wedge-shaped working surfaces 23, 24 which form an acute angle α with the axis 25 of the cylinder. The abutments 21, 22 cooperate with wedge surfaces 26, 27 of the wedge piece 28, which has a central cylindrical recess with an internal thread, which cooperates with the external thread 19 and have different normal distances d ₃ and d ₄ , as shown in simplified form, to the axis 25. By turning the cylinder 19, the wedge piece 28 can be raised and lowered so that the abutments 21 and 22 can be moved in the direction of the double arrows. The pressure-absorbing element 3 is supported on the abutment 21, whereas the tension element 4 is guided over the abutment 22, so that an upward and downward movement of the wedge piece provides a double distance of the tension element in the pressure-absorbing element. There may be additional abutments with wedge-shaped work surfaces on the two still free sides of the wedge piece, over which the tension element is also to be guided, so that there is a fourfold enlargement of the distance that the tension element must travel in the pressure-absorbing element.

4 and 5 there is also a two-part housing with the housing parts 1 and 2. The housing is fastened via the thread 11 on the housing part 2 and with the corresponding nut 12 on the wall 13. A shaft cylinder 5 is mounted in the housing parts 1 and 2 and can be rotated about the axis 9 with the handle 6, which is fixed on the cylinder 5 by means of the screw 7. The differential abutment 29 has two areas 30 and 31, the area 30 having a smaller diameter and thus a smaller normal distance ds to the axis 9 than the area 31 with the normal distance de. As can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 5, the ends 32 and 33 of the tension elements are each set in area 30 of the abutment or in area 31 of the abutment. The area 31 of the abutment 29 has a surface 34 in the form of a threaded ring-shaped groove, whereas the area 30 has a surface 35 in the form of a threaded screw-shaped groove.

As can be seen from FIG. 5 of the "differential" drive example, there is a tension element 4 which is deflected along a deflection 36. Furthermore, there are two flexible hoses 3a and 3b which are also present, for example on a lumbar support for seats of all kinds or pads, arch supports or other supports for medical and / or general technical devices and applications of all kinds are supported on a support 37. Due to the different diameters of the two areas 30 and 31 of the abutment 29, the area 31 is rotated counterclockwise from the area 31 a greater length of the tension element 4 is released than can be wound up over the area 34. Accordingly, the distance between the deflection 36 and the support 37 can be increased by the difference, if the handle is turned in the opposite direction, then a shortening occurs. A brake can be provided.

6 shows the section through a housing in which the driver shaft of the cylinder 5, which has the brake and drive cone in one piece or separately with the helical and spiral surface 10, around which the pulling element 4 is guided in part or several times is. The end 32 of the tension element 4 supports the tension element in a socket 41 on the housing 1 via a spring element 38. Both the surface 10 and the tension element can have a layer which influences the friction (better sliding) between them. As can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 7, the rear view in the direction of the axis of cylinder 5, in which the housing from FIG. 6 is cut in the axis AB, there are a plurality of abutments 39, 40, 41 and 42 which reposition and thereby one The effective rope length per revolution angle and the braking force can be changed without disassembly. Furthermore, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 6, an automatic alignment of the effective surfaces 10 is made possible because the cylinder 5 together with the cone and its surfaces 10 in the direction of the double arrow on the axis 9 within the

Housing 1, 2 is displaceable, so that the orientation of the tension element 4 from the housing can be an almost straight line on the axis. The tension element 4 is wound several times or only partially around the surface 10 as required.

In Fig. 8 is a section through the abutment 8 (here a cone with spiral thread grooves) and in Fig. 9 is a plan view, which is integrated with the cylinder 5, not shown, or also fixed, for. B. shrunk on the same, can be formed, in the work surfaces either individual rollers 43, the individual axes 44, z. B. parallel to the main axis, or several rollers 45, 46, 47 and 48, which can either be arranged on one axis, or, as in the present case, in one piece as a roller on a shaft 51. The shaft 51 can be integrated with the rollers 45 to 48, the shaft being mounted in the drive brake cone, the abutment 8, so that the individual roller bodies have working surfaces 43 to 49 with a particularly low frictional resistance within the helical and / or form spiral surfaces. The rollers can have a turnstile 50 or increased resistance in one direction of rotation.

10 and 11 is an extremely flat, perpendicular to the axis of rotation 9 drive and brake spiral 52 as an abutment shown, which is connected in one piece, fixed or detachable with a handle (lever or handwheel) 6 and with the shaft cylinder 5, the end of a tension element, for example rope 4 via an angle slider 53 via a slider or a roller 54 engages in the free space of the spiral 52, but in one

Slide channel 56 is guided. When the handle 6 is turned by hand or by motor, the pulling element 4 is tightened or released by turning the drive spiral via the angle slider 53, 54, which pulling element 4 (which is also a rod) or in a pressure hose 3 (for example a Bowden cable) , Twisting, bending, tensioning, releasing or other control forces as well as any direct or remote control tasks and functions. After releasing the primary adjustment force on the handle, the secondary effect can be fixed immediately by self-locking in the spiral or on the control path by adjustable third-party brake elements. The guide and abutment (55) is rotatably connected to the handle (6) by cylinders (5).

This flat drive and brake spiral as abutment 52 has i.a. following advantages:

a) Minimum height and star-shaped, if necessary, multiple force dissipation. b) transverse position to the axis of rotation and actuation relative to a

Threaded spindle. c) Toothless precision adjustment to all mean values with return self-regulation. d) The drive spiral can also be quickly set to the desired angle by means of precisely positioned roller imprints (dents) on the spiral tread and fixed again immediately, or can be programmed as desired at any time using removable fixed stops within the spiral in the stroke. e) By displacing one or all of the traction means axes parallel to the vertical center axis of the spiral by the distance a in FIG. 11 (up to the point of contact of the roller 54 - and thus its tangent - locally at the lowest point of the spiral and its tangents this spiral has even the largest

Tractive forces no return forces and is completely self-locking without any braking device. d) There can be several tension elements 4 with an angle piece 53 (with slide piece or rollers 54) engaging in the same spiral 52 simultaneously and acting directly or via Bowden cables. This results in the new possibility of simultaneously synchronizing several pulling elements 4 or Bowden cables directly or in the distance on one and the same or at different locations simultaneously for changing a position, curvature, rotation, bending, twisting or other control of

Use actions or processes on or with devices and objects of all kinds in the automotive, general technical, sports or medical fields, but also in everyday life. (Eg 3, 4 or more legs of a table could be changed in length at the same time and every height of the table could be fixed and / or even a sphere or any objects could be gripped and fixed from several sides at the same time or other work 3 -dimensionally carried out simultaneously. For example a liquid container is lifted straight or emptied using the remote control according to the invention, in that part of a controlled gripper executes the tilting movement, while another part keeps the height of the outflow opening still (for example by means of a synchronously and / or separately controllable support ring, on which the Bowden cable pressure spirals can be supported with a separate handle).

FIG. 12 shows the top view (in the direction of the axis of rotation 9) of a pair of double scissor levers 57, 58, which in the smaller, smaller cone diameter of the brake drive Kegels 8 engages according to FIG. 13, and a second pair of levers 59, 60 lying parallel behind it, which engages in the next brake drive cone groove of the cone thread spirals instead of a traction cable. The first pair of levers 57, 58 and the second pair of levers 59, 60 are connected to one another via a scissor-type

Connected shaft 61, which is fixed for example in a - not shown - housing with respect to the threaded cone 8 or otherwise in the room against rotation.

Instead of a complete housing, a flange

Pieces 62 for mounting and fixing the axis 9 in space and be rotatably supported with the one-piece cone 8 or in the cone, which is secured against rotation, this flange, as in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 6, with a thread -Mother can be fixed for fixing to other walls and at the same time also secures the scissors and hinge pin 61 in the room against twisting. According to FIG. 12, the other ends of the scissor levers 57, 58, 59, 60 facing away from the pivot pin 61 can on the one hand rotatably support a transverse pin 63 with attachment of the tension element, while in the two counter-levers 58, 60 for example Bolt 64 can be held with a receptacle for a pressure hose (Bowden cable pressure spiral or jacket). When the brake drive cone is turned, the double scissor levers are pressed apart or released when the screw is turned back, whereby both the power requirement and the adjustment path of the tension element 4 and the pressure spiral 3 are reduced by the selection or by repositioning the pivot pin 61 (closer to the axis 9 in Fig. 12 or further away) can influence the length of the lever arms from the construction and / or by subsequently changing or changing I or 4 several pairs of levers acting in parallel. Through multiple levers and material selection, the pressure, adjustment and braking force of the scissor lever in cooperation with the wi- derlager, brake and drive cone 8 are changed. Exactly the same way, the active and cable abutment bolts 63 and 64 could be shifted to the side in the direction of the hinge pin when the scissor lever was extended, which would result in smaller travel ranges and adjustment torques, but that would be the case The control or tensile force of the adjusting tension element can largely be increased as desired. Instead of the pairs of levers, single-lever versions (e.g. only for tightening and easing or pushing pressure rods etc.) can also be used with precise metering and with power transmission by the

Taper thread.

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Device for actuating a device, in which device at least one control element (4) can be moved via a drive (6), the at least one control element (4) being guided on a support (1, 2, 17, 18) and changing position An abutment (8, 21, 22, 29) which is rotatable about the axis (9) and / or displaceable along an axis (25) is held, characterized in that the surface and / or surfaces ( 10, 23,

24, 34, 35) of the abutment (8, 21, 22, 29), with which the at least one control element (4) cooperates, has or have different normal distances (d) from the axis (9, 25).

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the abutment (8, 29) has a helical and / or spiral surface (10, 34, 35) arranged around the axis (9).

Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the helical and / or spiral surface (10, 35) of the abutment (8, 29) has more than one slope.

4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface and / or surfaces (10, 23, 24, 34, 35) of the abutment (8, 21, 22, 29) has / s at least one layer, which one Changes in the friction between the control element (4) and the surface and / or surfaces (10, 23, 24, 34, 35) of the abutment causes.

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the control element (4) relative to egg no pressure-absorbing element (3, 3a, 3b) can be moved via the drive.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control element (4) is a tension element and / or a pressure element and / or a rotating element.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the surface (s) (10, 23, 24, 34, 35) of the abutment (8, 21, 22, 29) at least one rotatable

Role (49, 50) is integrated.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that. the rotatable roller (49, 50) has a return inhibition.

9. The device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a plurality of rollers (49) are provided together on an axis or shaft (51).

10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the helical and / or spiral surface (10) of the abutment in the direction of the axis (9) is / are.

11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the control element (4) on the one with the helical and / or spiral surface (10) of the abutment (8) cooperating end around the helical and / or spiral Surface of the abutment (8) has a closed loop (14).

12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the control element (s) (4) with zu- at least one end, in particular both ends, is / are fixed, in particular fixed, in the abutment (29).

13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the abutment (29) at least one

Surface (34) which is arranged concentrically to the axis (9).

14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the control element is a control element

(4) and on the device to be actuated engages on a deflection (36) and a pressure-absorbing element (3a, 3b) is supported on the device on a support (37).

15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the carrier (1, 2, 17, 18) is formed with a housing in which the axis (9, 25) of the drive (6) is mounted.

16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the control element (4) in the housing (1, 2) can be supported.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the control element (4) in the housing (1, 2) can be supported at different points (45, 46).

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the control element (4) is fixed, releasable or relocatable supported.

19. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that a tangential plane and / or a Working plane (26, 27) of a working surface of the abutment (21, 22) with the axis (25) encloses an acute angle (α).

20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that an abutment (21) which is displaceable on the carrier (17) via the drive (6) is provided for a pressure-absorbing element (3).

21. Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the abutment (21) via a rotatable cylinder (25) with thread (19, 20) is displaceable.

22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that at least one on the carrier (17) via the drive (6) displaceable abutment (22) is provided for the control element (4).

23. Device according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that a wedge piece via the drive (6)

(28) along the axis (25) is movable, the Kei If lach e (n) (26, 27) with the / the working surface (s) (23, 24) of the abutments (21, 22) for the control element and / or pressure-absorbing element (3, 4) cooperates (s).

24. Device according to one of claims 16 to 23, characterized in that the axis (9) of the drive (6) is transverse or at any angle to the control element (4).

25. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that at least a part of the surface (10) and / or the control element is equipped with a coating.

26. Device according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the abutment consists of two cylinders (30, 31) with different diameters, with or without helical reel grooves (34, 35).

27. Device according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the abutment is a cone (8) and is longitudinally displaceable in the direction of the axis (9), in particular in the housing (1, 2) and can level off according to the tensile forces.

28. Device according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that a pressure-absorbing element (3) is guided centrally and / or directly on the carrier (1, 2, 17, 18) and is longitudinally variable via a drive (6) which can be moved Abutment (8, 21, 22, 29) is held, the axis (9, 25) of the drive (6) being arranged transversely, in particular essentially normally, to the control element (4) on the carrier (1, 2, 17, 18) is.

29. Device according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the surface and / or surfaces (10, 23, 24, 34, 35) of the abutment (8, 21, 22, 29) on which the control element (4th ) is present, has different normal distances (d) from the axis (9, 25) and the control element (4) is guided around the axis (9, 25).

30. Device according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that a drive brake spiral (52) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (9) is integral with the drive (6) or is fixedly connected to the drive (6), so that when rotating the drive (6) via an angle piece (53) which is firmly connected to the control element (4), in engages the free space of the spiral (52) and is guided in a sliding channel (56) of the spiral (52), the control element (4) is moved.

31. The device according to claim 30, characterized in that the angle piece (53) has at least one sliding piece or a roller (54).

32. Device according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that at least one indentation on the

Internal tread and / or sliding surface of the spiral (52) a releasable return self-locking on any

Points or turnstiles.

33. Device according to one of claims 30 to 32, characterized in that the pulling direction of a traction means (4) via a roller or the slider (54) at a distance (a) parallel to the vertical central axis and cutting plane (CD) at the deepest inner point of the Spiral (52) at this point to immediately avoid a return

Torque engages.

34. Device according to one of claims 30 to 33, characterized in that several control elements (4) carry out activities simultaneously or offset over several angle pieces (53) and star-shaped sliding channels (56) by rotating the same drive (6).

35. Device according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that at least one lever (57, 58, 59 or

60) rests directly on the thread-spiral-shaped grooves of an abutment (8), is additionally fixed locally on one end by a hinge pin (61) and with the opposite lever end with a fixed but rotatable one

r- End piece (63) of a control means / 4) is connected and can perform direct or indirect control functions with or without abutment (64).

36. Device according to claim 1 to 35, characterized in that the drive (6) is a handle (6).

37. Device according to claim 1 to 35, characterized in that the drive (6) is a motor.

38. Device according to claim 1 to 36, characterized in that the axis of rotation (9) of an abutment truncated cone (8) lies at an angle above or below 90 ° to the control element axis and to increase or decrease the effective path of the Control means (4) or the active force additionally serves.

39. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 37, characterized in that the drive engages via a joint element at an angle to the axis of the abutment cone (8).

40. Device according to claim 1 to 39, characterized in that the at least one control element (4) via an intermediate element from the abutment (8, 21, 22,

29) is held.