WO2003014952A1 - Intelligent network providing network access services (inp-nas) - Google Patents
Intelligent network providing network access services (inp-nas) Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003014952A1 WO2003014952A1 PCT/US2002/020331 US0220331W WO03014952A1 WO 2003014952 A1 WO2003014952 A1 WO 2003014952A1 US 0220331 W US0220331 W US 0220331W WO 03014952 A1 WO03014952 A1 WO 03014952A1
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- act
- network
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/0016—Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
- H04Q3/0029—Provisions for intelligent networking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0631—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using root cause analysis; using analysis of correlation between notifications, alarms or events based on decision criteria, e.g. hierarchy, tree or time analysis
- H04L41/065—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using root cause analysis; using analysis of correlation between notifications, alarms or events based on decision criteria, e.g. hierarchy, tree or time analysis involving logical or physical relationship, e.g. grouping and hierarchies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
- H04L41/5041—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the time relationship between creation and deployment of a service
- H04L41/5048—Automatic or semi-automatic definitions, e.g. definition templates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
- H04L41/5041—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the time relationship between creation and deployment of a service
- H04L41/5054—Automatic deployment of services triggered by the service manager, e.g. service implementation by automatic configuration of network components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
- H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
- H04L41/5061—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the interaction between service providers and their network customers, e.g. customer relationship management
- H04L41/5064—Customer relationship management
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to communication and information networking and more particularly to intelligent networks which provide network access services for the benefit of network providers, service providers and customers.
- the term “discovery” means the identification and characterization of all relevant information surrounding an event relating to a device being connected or disconnected on a network.
- the event may be the appearance or disappearance of connectivity of the device, such as a previously unregistered telephone, or any other device state change.
- device means an NIU, NAU, or any form of logical or physical terminating device.
- Host Switch means to designate service LDS for a customer.
- Hot-line is also known as a “warm” or “ring down” line, which transfers a caller to a specific number immediately upon detection that the device connected to the line goes into an origination mode (i.e. off hook).
- Multi-hosting means the association of one network element with more than one other network element. It is a form of addressing network growth in which service areas attributable to an element are overlapped.
- Soft-Disconnect means the assignment of an SDT behavioral characteristic to a line. Normally the assignment to a line is permanent, but may be also termed “virtual” SDT when it is spontaneously assigned.
- Hard Disconnect means that all assigned resources and physical devices are returned to inventory.
- Switch means a Local Digital Switch or LDS, which accommodates provisioning of services. It may be a normal or “soft” switch providing LDS.
- Cable modem vendors have implemented a form of discovery in which the control channels are periodically scanned to institute what is known as 'ranging' or 'marshaling' to register the NAU with the HDT controller. Normally, if the discovered device is not expected or registered, then alarms are triggered and the device is disabled. Advanced Intelligent Network
- AIN Advanced Intelligent Network
- LDS Local Digital Switch
- the AIN defines a formal call model to which all switching systems must adhere.
- the call model is implemented in the LDS known as the AIN Service Switching Point (SSP), which utilizes point in calls (PICs), detection points (DPs), and triggers.
- SSP Service Switching Point
- PICs point in calls
- DPs detection points
- TCP Service Control Point
- AIN SSP formal call model introduces call states to track call origination to call te ⁇ nination. These states include the null state (or the "on-hook” idle state) when the phone is idle. Other PICs include off-hook (or origination attempt), collecting information, analyzing information, routing, alerting, etc.
- TDPs trigger detection points
- triggers There are three types of triggers, i.e. subscribed or line-based triggers, group-based triggers, and office-based triggers. Subscribed triggers are specifically provisioned to the customer's line. Group-based triggers are assigned to groups such as all lines in a Centrex group. Office-based triggers are available to everyone who is connected to the telephone switching office or has access to the North American numbering plan. Normal switching system call processing continues until an active trigger is detected. The SSP then sends the event message to the IPe or SCP and awaits instructions before continuing call processing.
- subscribed triggers are specifically provisioned to the customer's line.
- Group-based triggers are assigned to groups such as all lines in a Centrex group. Office-based triggers are available to everyone who is connected to the telephone switching office or has access to the North American numbering plan. Normal switching system call processing continues until an active trigger is detected. The SSP then sends the event message to the IPe or SCP and awaits instructions before continuing call processing.
- the SSP when the SSP recognizes that a call has an associated AIN trigger, the SSP suspends the call processing while querying the SCP for call routing instructions or the IPe for instructions. Once the SCP provides the instruction, the SSP continues the call model flow until completion of the call.
- AIN is an event based model which adds call features to already provisioned or established lines.
- INP-NAS provides an architecture which is event based and provides network access services prior to provisioning and after provisioning lines in service.
- VoIP Voice Over IP
- the customer must first call the business office to establish an account and request service (i.e. service negotiation).
- a new Telephone Number (TN) is assigned or a specific one is retained should the customer request it.
- the retention of a TN is termed a Local Number Portability (LNP) order.
- An appointment is scheduled with the customer if there is no preexisting NAU with available inventory at the service location. These appointments typically require advance scheduling a minimum of one to three days, but can take up to 11 days for an LNP order. LNP orders require longer intervals due to the need to service negotiate and coordinate the transfer.
- PWO Provisioning Work Order
- the network provisioning function entails three principle-provisioning tasks. (These tasks expand into multiple provisioning steps). These processes have been automated in the current art by provisioning Operations Service Systems (OSS) and provide operational benefits.
- OSS Operations Service Systems
- Network Provisioning Steps for a CATV telephony service are: a) Provisioning the "Host Digital Terminal” (HDT) that is used to service the customer location; b) Provisioning the telephone switch that will provide service; and c) Installation of an addressable "network access unit” (NAU) at the service location.
- HDT High Digital Terminal
- NAU Network access unit
- step c) The order of these steps may change, depending on the equipment capabilities, such as the use of a temporary Serial Number, which enables the order to proceed without explicit detail regarding an installed device.
- Step a Determination of the communication for which a providing service path is required: This determination is made by referencing engineering drawings or by using pre- extracted data.
- a logical communications path between the HDT modem and the Fiber Node may be assigned from inventory or the element manager. This portion of the path is termed the proprietary circuit.
- a carrier circuit must be found between the HDT and the switch.
- the HDT may indicate an available circuit to a switch.
- the "Call Reference Value" (CRV) in reference to TR303 types of HDTs, is used to institute the logical cross-connect between the carrier circuit's shareable DSO and the proprietary channel.
- Step b Switch services are provisioned. Activating telephony service on a line is commonly referred to as setting "translations.” The selection of an assignable item from an inventory is termed an "assignment.”
- switch assignment data must be identified.
- the specified telephony services identified for the TN are selected along with the appropriate "Line Class Codes” and “Line Equipment Number” (LEN), or “Office Equipment” (OE), identifying the port of the switch corresponding to the previously identified CRV.
- Additional switch provisioning information such as a "Rate Area Exchange” (RAX) is also specified. When these are assembled, the switch may have the translations loaded for the TN.
- Step c Installation must occur. Several calls are needed to complete installation. One call to the provisioning center to identify equipment, another call to the test center and yet another call to the provisioning center to complete LNP transfers. The installer must use a cellular phone, wireless device, or "borrow" a nearby idle line to establish a communications path.
- the telephony service requires the NAU to be registered and marshaled and the circuit to be provisioned in the switch to the installed NAU. Dialtone provided by step b) from the switch will appear on the provisioned port of the installed NAU.
- the installer may choose to install the new NAU as anticipated above, or may choose to provide service from a nearby NAU, if it is within cabling distance. This installation is termed a "split NAU" and is done to save considerable time and to more efficiently utilize capital equipment.
- the technician must call the provisioning group to request that the provisioning be redone. This takes time and is error prone.
- the NAU to be installed must be pre-registered to prevent an alarm from being generated.
- a provisioning Temporary Serial Number (TSN), or an electronic serial number (ESN) of the unit to be installed must be provided to the provisioning center or entered into a port on the NAU.
- TSN Temporary Serial Number
- ESN electronic serial number
- the HDT modem After registration, the HDT modem will range or marshal without generating an intrusion alarm.
- IP networks support multimedia services and provide operations advantages for the network provider and customers.
- Standards such as Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS), Advanced PHY, Packet-Cable, and future standards, will enable portability of IP-based NAU equipment, termed the multimedia terminal adapter (MTA), that can be used across multiple vendor networks.
- DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
- MTA multimedia terminal adapter
- One advantage of the DOCSIS standard is that the multimedia terminal adapter (MTA) might be more easily installed. There is no inherent association of address to serving node. The MTA must be pre-authorized with the network before service can be obtained. This is limiting when new multimedia services are requested.
- the customer must call the business office and establish an account for an order to be initiated.
- a TN is assigned and an installation appointment is scheduled.
- the installer calls the provisioning center and furnishes the order number to prepare the network to recognize the new MTA.
- the call must be made from an active phone line or using a cellular or wireless phone.
- the installer installs the MTA, which sends a registration request (REQ-REG) to Network Management and Activation System (NMAS) which records the MAC address, assigns non-routable IP address, and downloads temporary Configuration data. (At this point, the specific customer service association is not completed.)
- REQ-REG Registration request
- NMAS Network Management and Activation System
- the installer enters an account number and order number into MTA data configuration port, which sends a message to the NMAS, which next associates these records for the service systems, such as the CMS (Cable Management System).
- CMS Content Management System
- the NMAS records the MTA MAC address, accesses customer information, assigns routable IP address and downloads correct customer specific configuration file.
- a disconnect order is issued.
- SDT is assigned to the line for a number of days after any disconnect occurs and is sometimes required to be permanent if Public Utility Commission mandates.
- a first order implements SDT by potentially changing the name and TN on the account and places SDT characteristics on the line, which blocks originating and terminating calls, except for Emergency 911 (E911) and access to the business office.
- E911 Emergency 911
- a second order is usually scheduled between 30 days to 90 days and creates the final "hard disconnect" which occurs when the NAU is physically returned to inventory.
- SDT and the service can be activated without the need for a dispatch.
- Disadvantages of this approach are the allocation of the SDT switch resource ties up inventory and generates the second order that must be cancelled if another subscriber at the same location accepts service.
- Multi-hosting addresses capacity exhaustion by allowing several switches to serve a common HDT. This is similar to having overlapping FSAs. The association of an address to a unique serving network becomes ambiguous to ascertain by examining network maps. Problems Associated with Prior Art:
- Provisioning accuracy is a problem. It is not currently possible to achieve 100% accurate provisioning because of data quality. A number of data related problems must be resolved to successfully provision a subscriber's service. Any one error in the assignment of data from inventory will result in a failure to institute service. When dozens of data elements, each having less than 100% accuracy, are used to provide service, the probability of service fulfillment generally drops significantly (typically ranging between 60% to 95%). In the event that service is not properly fulfilled, the difficulty of locating the provisioning problem is tedious and time consuming.
- Inventory data containing physical and logical resources identify both in-service and available network elements and resources.
- the service address to FN and HDT node associations must be accurately stored in a database similar to the common "Street and address" Guide (SAG).
- SAG "Street and address" Guide
- the accuracy of these data ranges can be from 60%-95% due to the ambiguity of addresses on network maps. These data are costly to collect and make 100% accurate. Additionally, the transport inventory must be correct to avoid a conflict when LEN/OE/CRV/PORT assignments are made.
- Service delays are a problem. If a service cannot be customer-installed, a technician is required. Technician appointments must be scheduled weeks in advance.
- Installation delays are a problem. If the installer encounters data problems, installation will take longer than expected, and can cause subsequent appointments scheduled for that day to either be missed or delayed. Additionally, the probability the customer will cancel service increases significantly. Installation objectives and customer satisfaction metrics are negatively impacted; and if cancellation of service occurs, the company will lose revenue. Installation costs rise due to necessary overtime.
- Alarms are a problem. There are between hundreds and tens-of-thousands of active alarms in the network at any one time. As described, unregistered discovered objects generate alarms that further overwhelm the service assurance centers and they are not able to deal effectively with valid alarms. A high degree of data overload may cause a lower grade of service because network technicians become desensitized to alarms.
- Staff efficiency is a problem. Human interactions introduce more errors, delays and inefficiencies into the process. Fewer lines are placed into service than if no interactions were required. Communications required between the installer and the provisioning staff is inherently error prone when human transcription and/or entry are required.
- the installer must remain on- site to test the telephony connection and provisioned services before leaving for the next installation. These steps require multiple calls to the service repair centers or to test lines. The installer must either use a cellular or wireless form of communications, or must "borrow" an idle in-service line; the network communications at the site are unavailable for installer use.
- QoS Quality of Service
- the second disconnect order issued may result in disconnecting of the new subscriber if the order was not properly cancelled.
- the second order to disconnect service entails extra workflow management, increases the order volume and potentially creates troubles.
- the Intelligent Network Providing Network Access Services implements services for communications and information networks. Based on Object and Path Discovery (reporting data and the state change of a network element), this invention automatically initiates services and management applications benefiting Network Providers, Service Providers, and customers.
- a service controller (NAS Application Controller) provides these applications and integrates them with management systems and provisioning systems to provide services described herein.
- the invention applies to any type of addressable network arrangement for voice, data, image, and video networks with any type of access arrangement. It applies to primary dedicated networks and secondary dial-up networks, such as Information Service or Data Networks. It supports point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and bus architectures, wireline, wireless, fiber, radio, and optical network technologies. It applies to communication technologies such as analog, and digital, circuit and packet utilizing protocols such as Internet Protocol (IP).
- IP Internet Protocol
- Object Discovery the technology enabler for this invention, provides data collection of the object and network path for use by the NAS Applications. Object discovery reports
- the Network Access Services are implemented as NAS applications.
- the discovery event is used to initiate a set of applications that provide the following services:
- IVR Interactive Voice Response
- Service assurance (such as; reprovision and recovery, filtering of alarms, and move services) resulting in improved customer satisfaction.
- OSS Operations Support Systems
- CRM Customer Relationship Management
- An essential component of this invention is the use of Discovered Object events to initiate a set of services in a meaningful and beneficial manner.
- "Service on Demand” uses the discovery of an unregistered network access unit (NAU) object to assign a dedicated hot-line.
- NAU network access unit
- hot-line is synonymous with the telecommunication's reference to a "ring down" circuit.
- a hot-line causes an automatic transfer to a pre-established number, such as the Business Office when the originator picks up the phone.
- Another example of a beneficial service can be offered if a discovery event of a registered NAU results from a service disruption. In this situation, it is appropriate to implement one or more "self-healing services" to automatically restore service.
- the discovery of an unregistered object a.k.a. unknown device
- This invention facilitates access, while the traditional method blocks or restricts access.
- This invention reverses the traditional security paradigm. It enables potential customers to easily gain access to network services on demand, while intruders seeking to improperly access services, are fully discovered and become highly visible to the network provider; thus exposing their identity and location.
- SDT Soft Dail Tone
- INP-NAS INAS draws the SDT resource from a pool and returns the resource to the pool typically within one hour. The service requires resources only until activation of the permanent service. • The use of "just in time” method eliminates the need to pre-provision services.
- LNP Local Number Portability
- Immediate Network Access Services provide new NAU with network access in order to negotiate services. These may be subscriber services or "on-demand" session-only services. Such services apply to dedicated and remote networks. Examples of INAS are Service Negotiation and Installation.
- Service Negotiation delivers an unrecognized caller to a Business Office or to a subscription screen of a service provider. Automatic identification of the network path and the
- equipment type of the customer enables the agent to handle service and trouble calls more accurately and efficiently.
- Installation NAS improves customer service. Installation NAS enables fast and accurate installation of equipment. Installation NAS Applications automate the installer process eliminating much of the uncertainty and wasted time associated with provisioning of services.
- dedicated networks such as CATV network or POTS, or ISDN
- permanent service can be furnished quickly after Object Discovery, and may be provided without the need for an installation appointment, providing the customer is furnished with an NAU appropriate for self- installation. Thus this service supports customer self-installation and supports traditional technician installation.
- Repair NAS provides for more rapid and accurate repair activities when equipment is to be replaced or upgraded by utilizing discovered object data for the replacement NAU to be used to substitute it for the faulty NAU.
- Three forms of repair have been identified: (a) supporting the replacement of a NAU (like), or (b) NAU (unlike) or (c) supporting port reassignment.
- Restoration NAS applications improves the quality of service (QoS) for communications networks by implementing automatic restoration.
- QoS quality of service
- This invention discloses a method enabling automatic recovery from service disruptions caused by several events such as human error, electrical interference, and power outages.
- Network Rearrangement NAS Applications automatically support the rearrangements required, thereby eliminating the error prone and precise work associated with the need to design and execute the engineering changes. The costs and errors associated with such changes are minimized or eliminated.
- Inventory Management NAS Applications provide more efficient utilization of network resources by allocating them only when and where needed, minimally retaining them in service, and automatically reordering replacement inventory when necessary.
- Access - Automatic Device Registration This service recognizes an object and creates the registration MIB which is the basis of all applications within INP NAS. 10. Access Initialization - Assignment of communications path using for example, Virtual Hot- Line or SDT.
- Network Security - Service is triggered if event does not warrant as any other service type.
- full characterization of the discovered object facilitates identification of intervener.
- Disconnect - NAS - Supports (a) Hard type disconnect releases all resources to inventory, or (b) Soft type uses SDT service to preserve the service arrangement or (c) disconnect - to Virtual SDT - using Access Initialization upon first off-hook rather than object discovery. This provides better utilization of switch and network resources.
- Customer Move (to/from) - Relocation service allows service to "follow customer” to new location if it is within network range.
- ISP-NAS - Immediate Network Access Services provide benefits to Information Service Providers (ISPs), Network Service Providers (NSPs), subscribers, and on-demand customers. Normally a security failure results in "denial of service.” In this invention, the "security event" announces that an unregistered terminal object is seeking entry or service.
- ISP-INAS provides a more beneficial service by delivering the interested user to a registration service and upon successful registration the INAS generates and automatically downloads a configuration file (customizing the customer access dial scripts with the appropriate security and login data) so that future dialup results in a successful access. Said file can take the form of a dial up script, a traditional initialization file, or a cookie enabling subsequent recognition by INAS.
- a "pay per session” ISP service is a logical extension of the said INAS described.
- the INAS could implement on-demand services to charge by the day, by the session, or by each use, (in effect opening up networks to anyone requesting information services - not just for subscribers) by integrating to security and billing services.
- the Intelligent Network Providing Network Access Services implements an architecture and services for communications and information networks. Based on Object and Path Discovery (events reporting the state change of a network element), the invention automatically initiates services and management applications benefiting Network Providers, Service Providers, and customers.
- a service controller (NAS Application Controller) provides these applications and integrates with management systems and provisioning systems to provide services described herein.
- Object Discovery provides data collection of the object and network path for use by the NAS Applications.
- Object Discovery reports significant events (state changes) such as; unit on-line or off-line, device reset, power interruption, network rearrangements and changes, installation and construction activities, and other things affecting the network seeing this object.
- state changes such as; unit on-line or off-line, device reset, power interruption, network rearrangements and changes, installation and construction activities, and other things affecting the network seeing this object.
- the primary benefit of the Object Discovery is that it minimizes dependency on pre-collected data.
- This invention provides ease of access and service quality services to customers, and revenue generation and operations savings services for network providers and service providers.
- the access services are implemented as NAS applications.
- a set of Network Access Services (NAS) for circuit and VoIP telephony is described for CATV networks. These services can be easily extended to other network types.
- the chief advantages and key objects of the invention include reduced expenses, increased service quality, with higher revenue generation for the network provider that implements this NAS invention.
- Benefits of the invention include: • INAS provides instant communications service to customers eliminating the need for a qualified installer. This invention allows subscribers to install their own service equipment eliminating the need for an appointment and installer.
- INAS includes service negotiation and service activation.
- Both the installer and customer utilizes the pre-service communication path associated with the NAS - Installation and not need to use a separate wireless telephone or to "borrow" a dial-tone from an idle line. All service are provided by the newly discovered equipment. Alternate means of communications are only needed in a limited number of cases when service does not complete successfully.
- Quality of Service A higher degree of service accuracy is possible.
- the 95-97% accuracy (typically the best case) for data increases to nearly 100% because it is furnished "just- in-time" when needed via the access network.
- Costly data collection and maintenance are virtually eliminated. The benefit is reduced cost and less time wasted. The need to maintain data is eliminated since it is furnished only when needed by the network.
- a pre-determined inventory is not needed: Rather than storing assignable inventory and assigning portions of the inventory to allocate facilities for provisioning, data items can be obtained directly from the network itself.
- the installer need not communicate with any other person when placing a NAU. Communications are only required if an error condition arises or if the installer wishes to communicate with provisioning personnel.
- Inventory of pre-established hot-line and permanent resource pools can be kept to a minimum by "just-in-time" association with a corresponding inventory replenishment order being generated.
- Figure 1 illustrates the platform architecture of INP-NAS
- FIG. 2 depicts a top level network access service (NAS) control flow
- FIG. 3 depicts an immediate Network Access Service (NAS);
- NAS Network Access Service
- FIG. 4 depicts nomenclature of the Switch (LDS).
- FIG. 5 identifies nomenclature of the Host Digital Terminal (HDT);
- Figure 6 illustrates a generic example of a subscriber order
- Figure 7 depicts the Object Discovery message arriving from the HDT upon the event that an NAU was powered up on the CATV network
- Figure 8 shows the correlation that occurs between the object discovery message (Figure 6) and the static data that was maintained about the HDT ( Figure 4);
- Figure 9 illustrates the manner in which an in-band communication path is established to enter IVR information
- Figure 10 depicts the information that is transferred from the installer to the NAS via the IVR.
- Figure 11 illustrates how the information is used to establish to in-band communications channel in correlation to the original Work Order
- Figure 12 depicts the relationship between events and services to Object State Diagram. Best Mode forCarrying Out the Invention
- This INP-NAS invention becomes operational with a minimal set of data.
- the data elements that must be provided to initiate the functionality is a description of switch nomenclature and the relationship to an HDT.
- the HDT must also be described with a minimal set of information and will be used in the ranging/marshaling of an NAU and the activation of a port. In the absence of any other configuration information, port 1 of the NAU is activated to facilitate the telephony drop.
- the numeric identifiers that make up a LEN/OE must also be provided.
- Orders can be entered into an SMS as they arrive. Every order has a due date by which the service is to be instituted (i.e., a new connect order), changed (i.e., a change order), or disconnected (i.e., a disconnect order). However, it is possible for a subscriber to either cancel an existing order, or change the previous order with respect to line features and due date.
- the INP-NAS implements an Object State Model identifying states for access equipment. Normal states include “new”, “pending service”, “service active” and “service disconnect.” State transitions and services depend on the Autonomous Object Discovery event. Normal permanent service is provided to a subscriber from the “service active” state. Temporary or session-only services are supported from the “pending service” state. Services described herein are shown as being triggered from specific states.
- the Object Discovery is triggered by powering of the NAU or connecting the NAU to a CATV network.
- the HDT after ranging or marshaling the NAU, issues an autonomous Object Discovery message to the HDT Element Manager.
- the element manager will "package" the data from the HDT and append an "Element Manager System Identifier” (EMSID) before issuing an autonomous message to the NAS application described herein.
- EMSID element Manager System Identifier
- the message from the Element Manager will contain an EMSID, HDTID, Equipment Identifier of the NAU that was powered up, the ESN (electronic serial number) of the NAU, and the modem identification that resides within the HDT that received the message from the NAU that it had been powered up on the CATV network.
- the NAU Upon receipt of the message from the Element Manager that an NAU has been discovered, the NAU will be immediately directed to range/marshal the NAU and activate the port that will provide the in-band communications path.
- the LEN/OE will be calculated and verified by accessing the donor switch, or the shadow database of the donor switch's shadow database (i.e., the mirror image of the switch's "Office Defined Database"). After ensuring that no conflicts exist, the NAU will be ranged and the port activated.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the platform architecture of an INP-NAS.
- an NAU object 20 such as an unregistered NAU
- HDT EMS HDT Element Manager
- a transaction is sent via path 001 from the HDT EMS 24 to the NAS application controller 26.
- Said transaction contains all required data for Object Discovery including NAU type, serial number, HDT identification, HDT Element Manager identification, and path data (later detailed).
- the controller 26 classifies NAU type as having capability for customer or technician installation and initiates the registration MIB 28.
- controller 26 next assigns the appropriate temporary hot-line service from a pool of like hot-lines established to provide call connection to a specific service point (or dynamically provisions a line) in the donor LDS 30.
- the assignment of a temporary hot-line establishes the temporary service path 000 by controller which completes the circuit.
- a temporary hot-line is assigned to transfer caller to CRM Center.
- the phone 18 is alerted (i.e., ringing).
- ACD Automatic Call Distributer
- the CRM center 32 Automatic Call Distributer 60 records the ANI of the temporary hot-line 000 and forwards same to the SMS via 013.
- a provisioning work order from SMS 36 is sent to a provisioning OSS 38 along path 003, and a transaction with the work order number and temporary hot-line ANI is sent to the application controller 26 to update MIB 28 via 006. This transaction provides data for correlation of the proper MIB with the specific work order utilizing the TN of temporary hot-line 000.
- NAS application controller 26 upon receiving the work order number and the TN of assigned hot-line correlates registration data in the MIB 28 containing TN of temporary hot line with the provisioning work order in OSS 38 and supplies along path 007 desired final data to provisioning OSS 38 to complete provisioning of permanent service.
- the temporary hot-line service is returned to the donor LDS pool or inventory.
- OE/CRV of temporary hot-line pre-established to transfer installer to provisioning IVR is assigned.
- the phone 18 is alerted (e.g. ringing), which in this case is the technician's phone, and when the phone is answered, the technician is transferred to IVR 34.
- the technician enters a security entry code and selects activation from a menu, and enters data relating to the service order, such as job number, permanent TN, etc.
- the IVR 34 sends transaction to controller 26 containing technician entered data and temporary hot-line ANI. Controller 34 next correlates data in the MIB with provisioning work order contained within Provisioning OSS 38 utilizing temporary hot-line TN and permanent TN entered by technician.
- the technician can be performing a repair activity.
- the new NAU object is discovered and a similar flow occurs.
- the technician is connected to the IVR, and enters a security entry code, selects replacement action from a menu, and then enters data relating to the service order, such as job number, and either permanent TN, or serial number of the unit being replaced.
- IVR 34 sends transaction to controller 26 containing the data and temporary hot-line ANI. Controller 34 next generates a transaction to the provisioning OSS 38 which effects the substitution of the replacement NAU for the faulty NAU.
- HDT / HDT Element Manager (HDT EMS).
- controller 26 determines the method of operation via classification of
- NAU type If the NAS Controller 26, upon detecting the NAU at 20, classifies the NAU as
- LDS hot-line pool is managed by the controller 26
- the hot-line (a.k.a., a ring
- NAS controller 26 sends an alert command to HDT 22, phone is alerted and customer next answers phone. The customer is
- CRM center 32 where service negotiation takes place. Said transfer occurs via LDS hot-line
- the installer type, it assigns a provisioning IVR hot-line. The installer is alerted from the NAS
- the "Local Digital Switch” (LDS) hot-line 004 delivers technician to Provisioning IVR 34 for login and awaits instruction and supplemental information to be entered. Provisioning IVR 34 forwards collected information such as work
- the ANI (TN) of the calling line enables the NAS controller 26 to correlate information in the appropriate Registration MIB 28.
- NAS controller next causes Provisioning OSS 38 to complete service activation within minutes.
- a second major advantage is that the reliability and performance of critical functions, such as provisioning are made more predictable, having the benefit of improved customer satisfaction through fewer missed appointments, more reliable installations,
- a third important advantage is that customer installation is better facilitated.
- a fifth advantage is reduction in the cost of initial data collection and storage.
- sixth advantage is speed to market, i.e. reduction in time necessary to research and correct
- Figure 2 is a software flow sheet illustrating how specific Network Access Services are
- Object Discovery registration principle to determine next services. Object Discovery results in an autonomous event and may occur when a new NAU, or a replacement or substitute NAU is installed, or as a result of a temporary service outage. The appropriate service depends on whether the discovery is for a previously known (registered) or new (unregistered) object.
- the Immediate Network Access Service is detailed in Figure 2. The remaining services are
- the NAS control flow depicted in Figure 2 is representative of a logical ordered sequence wherein first consideration is given to new service requests, and second to recovery and restoration.
- Immediate Network Access Service 233 is started. This service can support technician or customer installation, when the object type is recognized, or initiate
- Recovery Service at 234 is performed. Recovery will seek to verify the translations in the
- the NAS - Rearrangement service at 241 is initiated. NAU association with
- a different FN and HDT, or other network element detects at 231 such rearrangement.
- Figure 3 pertains to Immediate Network Access Service, shown at 130, involving Temporary Access, Service Negotiation and Installation service.
- the access service applies when an unregistered NAU is discovered.
- the reason for this event occurrence can be either new installation or repair.
- different class access line services at 127 and 129, are provided automatically.
- these lines are replaced by non-routable network paths, which in effect, create a hot-line service.
- Object discovery creates a registration record that is held in the Registration MIB, at 118 or 117, for later use by Provisioning until the appropriate action is determined and the data collected is used to associate the Registration MIB data with the Work Order or with an item being replaced, as explained above.
- NAU discovered object
- a hot-line is assigned (or again dynamically provisioned) at 127 to transfer a user to the Business Office.
- the transfer occurs automatically, typically after receiving a welcome message.
- FIG. 1 to automate the installation or repair activity.
- the installer enters the work order number and hangs up at 122.
- the IVR then supplies the collected data to the NAS Application Controller 26 ( Figure 1), which instructs provisioning sequence to perform the required task at 120.
- the NAS Application Controller via the IVR, calls the installer's phone to confirm completion at 123, which also provides the benefit of completing an incoming call verification test.
- the installer now reconnected to the IVR, signals that the LNP activation is to be completed (if appropriate) and then hangs up at 125.
- the IVR once again calls the installer, and confirms completion at 136.
- Figure 3 illustrates the flow for two scenarios for Immediate Network Access Service 130.
- a new discovered object (unregistered) is first type classified at 128 as either customer installable, technician installable or unknown.
- Discovered object and path data are then stored in a Registration MIB 117 or 118.
- the NAS service When the system is accessed to perform customer self-installed NAU at 128, upon classification, the NAS service automatically allocates a Business Office hot-line from a pool at 127 and records the temporary TN in the Registration MIB at 118. The service then alerts the phone connected to port 1 of the NAU at 116.
- a welcome message announcement may be played.
- the caller is instantly transferred to the Business Office via a ring down line, where the desired service can be negotiated with a Customer Service Representative (CSR).
- CSR Customer Service Representative
- the CSR has a display that indicates the NAU type that was discovered.
- the ring down line is referred to herein as a hot-line.
- the CSR next enters the order into the Service Management System (SMS 36 - Figure 1) and the Work Order is forwarded to the provisioning OSS 38 ( Figure 1).
- SMS Service Management System
- One function of the SMS will be to record the ANI corresponding to the TN of the hot-line in the Work Order, which is used later by the provisioning system and NAS Application Controller to associate (correlate) the ANI with the Registration MIB data previously recorded.
- the hot-line TN is of temporary value and serves only the purpose mentioned.
- the Network powered NAU 128, requiring a qualified installer assigns an Integrated Voice Response Unit (IVR) hot-line 129.
- the service records the TN of the hot-line in the Registration MIB 117.
- the service signals the phone on port 1 at 121. Answering the call (installer's telephone test set) at 121 results in automatic connection to the IVR which then enables the installer to complete the installation and activation process.
- the ANI corresponding to the TN of the hot-line is collected by the IVR allows the correlation of IVR data entered by the technician with the provisioning order and Registration MIB to complete the association.
- Immediate Network Access Service will also automate subsequent installer activities for testing and LNP transfer, which are automatically sequenced and managed. For example, upon activation, completion is signaled by alerting NAU port 1 at 123. Upon answering, the installer is given a voice message that the local service is active (incoming call completion test), the installer may then signal at 125 that a LNP activation is to occur and hang up. The service will then activate LNP and when confirmed, will again place a call at 136 from the local switch to NAU port 1 and voice a message to the installer that the LNP activation was successful. Note that the technician only used communications services provided by the network and does not need to use a wireless phone or other alternate communications to implement service.
- Restoration and Recovery Services When the system is used with Restoration and Recovery Services, these services provide a self-healing characteristic to the network and will improve the service, resulting in higher Customer Satisfaction incurring fewer trouble reports and alarms.
- Reasons for restoration or recovery services include electrical outage, NAU removal/insertion, or a lightning strike, customer actions, installation actions, or repair activities, engineering planned network rearrangements, network failures, etc.
- Service restoration is important as network troubles, moves, rearrangements, work being performed, or other disturbances could and sometimes do result in loss of service to customers. If the same sendee arrangement exists, but for some reason a new discovery occurs for a previously in-service object, recovery is initiated wherein all service elements are verified for correctness.
- the Recovery is initiated. Recovery may or may not require any reprovision of elements, however it is important to first verify and correct element translations in order to ensure that service is being provided. If the NAU object is assigned to the same switch, then a switch translation problem might have caused the service disruption, and the switch provisioning will be verified, utilizing an NASB Verify and Restore Switch.
- reprovision services are used. For example, NAS Reprovision Switch from-to to effect the move of the TN account from the old host switch to the new host switch. Legitimacy assumptions apply.
- this invention can provide a variation to the Immediate Network Access Services suitable for VoIP services. It requires a modification to the process described above. The process flows described apply, however, the signaling and control specifics differ for IP Services. Customer self-installation will now be described, because this is the most logical application for a newly discovered IP NAU, called an MTA.
- a registration request (REQ-REG) is sent to Network Management and Activation System (NMAS) which records the MAC address, assigns non- routable IP address for a hot-line to the Business Office, and downloads temporary Configuration data. This, in effect, implements the Business Office hot-line service.
- the hotline TN is stored in the Registration MIB. (At this point the specific customer service association is not yet identified.). The phone on port 1 is next signaled.
- the customer answers the phone, receives a welcome message, and is next transferred to the Business Office to order service.
- Service is negotiated and the SMS sends the Work Order containing the ANI of the hot-line.
- the customer service representative is provided with data that indicates the type of equipment discovered and the types of services that can be ordered. Upon completion, the customer hangs up the phone.
- the order flows to provisioning OSS and a transaction is sent from SMS 36 ( Figure 1) to the controller 26 ( Figure 1) to permit correlation to the Registration MIB.
- the OSS 38 interacts with NMAS and provisions CMS (Cable Management System) and assigns routable IP address and downloads correct customer specific configuration file to the MTA.
- CMS Content Management System
- FIGs 4 through 11 depict the application of the discovery process as it relates to a "new connect" order over a CATV network.
- Figure 4 pertains to an Innate Switch Nomenclature.
- Figure 4 depicts static information representing network connectivity between the switch and HDT data that must be entered into the NAS application prior to its use. The nomenclature of switch that is entered is the Switch Identification (e.g.
- the switch CLLI switches Module
- SM Switch Module
- IDCU Integrated Digital Control Unit
- DNUS Digital Network Unit of Sonet
- the invention is not limited to any particular switch or switch manufacturer.
- Each element mentioned above is also associated with its numeric switch translations.
- a Donor switch is also identified. The Donor is the identification of a switch that will provide the in-band communications channel to gather the IVR data. The donor switch is important, given a complex network technology. Up to five (5) switches might be connected to an HDT. The nomenclature of connecting two or more switches to the same HDT is identified as multi-hosting.
- the SM has a value of 001.
- the first DNUS value of 1
- the HDT whose CLLI is listed has an HDT (a.k.a. RT) number of 20, with an assignable CRV limits ranging from 1 to 100.
- Figure 5 pertains to Nomenclature of the Host Digital Terminal (HDT).
- Figure 5 is used to identify the permanent data that must be entered into the NAS controller application prior to use. This data, in part, represents the unique data elements that must be used in HDT commands to range/marshal an NAU and activate a port. The default port to activate is port 1, however, changes to designation in the HDT reference data can alter this.
- Figure 6 pertains to a Generic Example of a Provisioning Work Order. This figure is simply a sample of a subscriber order. Its presence is only used so that the functionality of the NAS application can be described.
- Master TN (303) 858 3158 represents the first primary TN assigned to an NAU port. LNP indicates that this is a local number portability case.
- a second TN (303) 858 5160 is a distinctive ring TN that is associated with the Master TN.
- Figure 7 pertains to an Object Discovery message from HDT upon the event that an NAU was powered up on the CATV network.
- This drawing depicts the information that is provided by the HDT whenever a unit that was not previously provisioned on the HDT is powered up.
- the information contains the HDT ID, equipment type of the unit being powered up, the equipment's electronic serial number (ESN), and the ID of the modem that was used to pass the message detection through when it was being sent from the NAU to the HDT.
- This message represents that notification from the HDT to an Element Manager.
- Figure 8 pertains to matching the Object Discovery Message to the Provisioned HDT information.
- Figure 8 is presented to show the correlation that occurs between the Object Discovery message ( Figure 6) and the static data that was maintained about the HDT ( Figure 4).
- the HDT ID is used to correlate two groups of information.
- the identification of an available CRV can be found via accessing provisioned information in the HDT. This CRV designation can either be found directly, assuming that the HDT manufacture supports this capability, or can quickly be found via a custom written subroutine that accesses data within the HDT. In any case, a reservation is placed against the CRV that is returned.
- the static HDT information also maintains an upper and lower limit for CRV values to be assigned. In the event that a CRV range has been exhausted, an error message will be issued to provisioning personnel that is monitoring the health of the inventory application.
- the innate and static information referenced in Figure 4 includes a modem upper limit and the association with companion modem cards is maintained. In the event that an upper limit has been reached and a companion modem card with capacity can be found, then the modem card with the available capacity is used.
- the HDT now ranges/marshals the NAU and activates port 1.
- Figure 9 pertains to establishing an in-band communication path to enter IVR information. Since the discovered information discussed in Figure 7 contains the HDT ID, it can be correlated to generic switch information that was discussed in respect to Figure 4. From the generic switch information, the identification of the donor switch can be found. Additionally, each donor switch has two other information groupings associated with it. The first additional information grouping is a pool of Telephone Numbers (TNs) that are designated in advance for the establishment of the in-band communications channel to gather the IVR information. Note that the status of each TN must be maintained in that it can either be in a state of being in-service or being available for assignment.
- TNs Telephone Numbers
- the second information grouping associated with the donor switch is a generic reference to a Line Class Code (LCC) and RAX code to be used when setting the translations in the switch to instantiate in the in-band communications path.
- LCC Line Class Code
- RAX RAX code
- the LEN/OE After the LEN/OE is derived, it is checked by issuing a verify to the switch directly to ensure that the LEN/OE is not already being used. If the LEN/OE is found to be in use then the line that is using the LEN/OE is disconnected. This action causes no service disruption since the CRV was not previously used to establish a cross-connect in the HDT, The in-band channel is then established.
- Figure 10 pertains to the installer provided IVR information.
- This Figure depicts the information that is transferred from the installer to the NAS application via an IVR mechanism.
- the telephone number associated with the temporary hot-line is automatically identified using "Automatic Number Identification” (ANI) also known as “Caller ID” is a common switch generic supported function.
- ANI Automatic Number Identification
- the ANI is cross-verified with the hot-line TNs kept in the pool, described in conjunction with Figure 9. If the TN is found in the pool as "in-service", then the NAS application treats this as a new-connect situation awaiting final provisioning and the application attempts to locate the provisioning work order in the Provisioning OSS and submits the job for completion using the NAU MIB data.
- the installer may replace a faulty unit with a good unit, or attempt to move the service to another port on the existing NAU to restore service.
- the new unit may be connected to the network, or may replace the existing plug-in unit within the NAU housing.
- the new replacement NAU is discovered and the service controller creates a Registration MIB for use by the NAS application.
- the installer selects "replace NAU" from the IVR menu and enters the work order number, and serial number of the faulty NAU to be replaced.
- the object details of the new NAU are sufficient to allow the NAS application to cause the Provisioning OSS to reprovision the HDT and replace the faulty unit with the new unit.
- Figure 11 pertains to the information used to identify the temporary TN which is to be correlated to the original service order.
- This Figure depicts how an existing order is associated with the Object Discovery message using information provided in the IVR message.
- the temporary ANI (TN) of the hot-line is sent along with the work order number entered by the installer and the association allows all pertinent information concerning the facilities and network resources to be associated with the order.
- FIG 12 depicts events and services as they relate to the state of an object.
- the hot-line TN is captured by the IVR using "Automatic Number Identification” (ANI), commonly referred to as “Caller ID.”
- ANI Automatic Number Identification
- the installer needs only to enter the subscriber's order number and hang up in order to activate service.
- the installer may enter into the IVR information that associates each Master TN with any designated port on the NAU.
- the master TN is the primary number to be assigned to a line. Sometimes it is not the only line assigned to one port, however, as it is possible for multiple secondary TNs to be assigned with one line.
- Each line is given a "Distinctive Ring" pattern to help identify the TN being called.
- the assignment of master TNs to specific ports is at the discretion of the installer.
- the IVR transaction to the NAS application contains the Originating Telephone Number, Subscriber's Order Number, and — if applicable — the Master TN to NAU port associations.
- the ANI is compared with hot-line TNs that are in the pool. If it is found that the originating ANI is a member of the pool and that the status of the TN is "in-service," then the data collected is associated with the registration MIB. In the event that the ANI is not found to be a member of the pool, then the installer will be prompted by the IVR for a Master TN to port assignment and the ESN of the NAU to be used. In this case, the ESN will be used to either find the MIB Registration to complete the service, or reference other NAUs that have already been placed in service. In either case, the associated subscriber order will be used to send appropriate translations to the switch to institute a subscriber's service in accordance to the order that was submitted.
- the IVR may also be capable of accepting an independent message from the installer to "move a line assignment" in order to facilitate a repair.
- the installer can move service from one (faulty) NAU port to another port on the same or another NAU, or support direct replacement of the NAU.
- the NAS application will automatically restore service in the rearranged line in accordance to the service records for the line.
- Disconnect orders In the event that a change order is submitted, the order is performed on the Due Date and is limited to switch translations that will modify the existing features of an existing line. The line to be changed is found by matching the existing Master TN to that specified on the subscriber's order.
- Disconnect orders There are several forms of Disconnect orders.
- a hard-disconnect is defined to be a removal of service that also returns facilities, inventoriable items, and equipment for use by a subsequent new connect order. This implies that all facilities, inventoriable items, and equipment are maintained in service to preserve the circuit to the subscriber's location.
- disconnects can be performed in a fashion that the subscriber decides to move their TN to another provider. This is termed as an LNP "port out".
- a non-conditional trigger is set in the existing switch and is subsequently removed after so many days that are user determined. Typically, the removal of the trigger happens in 10 days Lastly, a disconnect or move can be performed with an associated intercept message.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/905,773 | 2001-07-13 | ||
US09/905,787 US6760762B2 (en) | 2000-07-17 | 2001-07-13 | Intelligent network providing network access services (INP-NAS) |
US09/905,773 US6745235B2 (en) | 2000-07-17 | 2001-07-13 | Intelligent network providing network access services (INP-NAS) |
US09/905,787 | 2001-07-13 |
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WO2003014952A1 true WO2003014952A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
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PCT/US2002/020331 WO2003014952A1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-06-26 | Intelligent network providing network access services (inp-nas) |
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US6338150B1 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 2002-01-08 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Diagnostic and managing distributed processor system |
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US6094674A (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 2000-07-25 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Information processing system and information processing method and quality of service supplying method for use with the system |
US5764909A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1998-06-09 | Fujitsu Limited | Self-configuring device connection for a data independent type computer system in a network |
US6338150B1 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 2002-01-08 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Diagnostic and managing distributed processor system |
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