WO2003065336A1 - Organic electroluminescent display and driving method thereof - Google Patents
Organic electroluminescent display and driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003065336A1 WO2003065336A1 PCT/KR2002/001789 KR0201789W WO03065336A1 WO 2003065336 A1 WO2003065336 A1 WO 2003065336A1 KR 0201789 W KR0201789 W KR 0201789W WO 03065336 A1 WO03065336 A1 WO 03065336A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2077—Display of intermediate tones by a combination of two or more gradation control methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
- G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
- G09G3/2025—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames the sub-frames having all the same time duration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
- G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
- G09G3/2033—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames with splitting one or more sub-frames corresponding to the most significant bits into two or more sub-frames
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0233—Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0285—Improving the quality of display appearance using tables for spatial correction of display data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
- G09G2360/18—Use of a frame buffer in a display terminal, inclusive of the display panel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
- G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
- G09G5/39—Control of the bit-mapped memory
- G09G5/399—Control of the bit-mapped memory using two or more bit-mapped memories, the operations of which are switched in time, e.g. ping-pong buffers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic elechOluminescent (referred to as "EL” hereinafter) display and a driving method thereof, and, in particular, to an organic EL display and a driving method thereof with a single frame divided into several frames.
- EL organic elechOluminescent
- An organic EL display is a display emitting light by electrically exciting a fluorescent organic material, and it displays images by driving M N organic luminescent cells.
- An organic luminous cell includes, as shown in Fig. 1, an anode (ITO), an organic thin film, and a cathode layer Metal.
- the organic thin film is formed of multiple -layers including an emitting layer (EML), an electron transport layer (ETL), and a hole transport layer (HTL) for improving light-einitting efficiency by balancing electrons and holes, and also includes separate an electron injecting layer (EIL) and a hole mjecting layer) (HIL).
- EML emitting layer
- ETL electron transport layer
- HTL hole transport layer
- the organic luminescent cells are driven by a simple matrix (or passive matrix) type and an active matrix type using thin film transistors (TFTs).
- the simple matrix driving is to select cathode lines and anode lines crossing each otlier, while the active matrix driving to connect TFTs and capacitors to ITO pixel electrodes and to store voltages into the capacitors.
- Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional pixel circuit of a representative one of NxM pixels, for driving an organic EL device using TFTs.
- the organic EL device OELD is connected to a current driving transistor Mb for supplying Ught-emitt ng current.
- the amount of current driven by the current driving transistor Mb is controlled by data voltage supplied through a switching transistor Ma.
- a capacitor C for keeping the supplied voltage for a predetermined time is connected between a source and a gate of the transistor Mb.
- a gate of the transistor Ma is cormected to the n-th scan line Scan[n], and the source thereof is connected to a data line Data[m].
- a scan signal applied to the gate of the transistor Ma turns on the transistor Ma, and then the data voltage V DATA is applied to the gate A of the current driving transistor Mb through the data line. Then, the current flows into the organic EL device OELD through the transistor Mb in response to the data voltage V DATA applied to the gate of the transistor Mb, and the organic EL device OLED emits light.
- Equation 1 The amount of the current flowing in the organic EL device is given by Equation 1.
- IOLED is a current flowing in the organic EL device
- VGS is a gate-source voltage of the transistor Mb
- V TH is a threshold voltage of the transistor Mb
- V D D is a supply voltage
- V DA TA is a data voltage
- ⁇ is a constant.
- the current supplied to the organic EL device depends on the applied data voltage V DATA in the pixel circuit shown in Fig. 2, and the organic EL device turns to be luminescent in response to the supplied current.
- the applied data voltage VD ATA has multiple values in a predetermined range.
- the conventional frame-based driving method of an organic EL display has a problem of insufficient grayscale representation due to the unstable luminescence characteristics of the conventional organic EL devices of the organic
- the present invention is to provide an organic EL display and a driving method thereof capable of representing sufficient number of grays by dividing one frame into a plurality of subframes regardless of the unstable luminescence characteristics of the organic EL device.
- the organic EL display includes: a panel including a plurality of data lines, a plurality of scan lines intersecting the data lines, and a plurality of pixels provided on areas defined by the data lines and the scan lines, each pixel including an organic EL device; a scan driver applying scan signals to the scan lines; a data driver applying data voltages corresponding to gray data to the data lines; and a subframe generator receiving a data signal and a synchronization signal for one frame, dividing the frame into a plurality of subframes, and outputting a corrected gray data and a corrected synchronization signal for each subframe.
- a method of driving an organic EL display is a driving method for an organic EL display including a plurality of data lines, a plurality of scan lines intersecting the data lines, and a plurality of pixels formed on areas defined by the data lines and the scan lines, each pixel including an organic EL device.
- the method includes: a first step receiving a data signal and a synchronization signal for a frame; a second step dividing the frame into a plurality of subframes and outputting a corrected gray data and a corrected synchronization signal for each subframe; a third step applying scan signals to the scan lines by subframe unit; and a fourth step applying data voltages corresponding to the corrected gray data outputted in the second step to the data lines by subframe unit.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a typical organic EL device.
- Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional pixel circuit for driving an organic EL device.
- Fig. 3 illustrates an implementation of subframes according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 illustrates an exemplary output of corrected gray data according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 illustrates an implementation of subframes according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 illustrates an organic EL display according to and embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 illustrates a subframe generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention suggests a method of driving an organic EL display by introducing a concept of subframe in order to solve the problem of a conventional driving method to implement grays frame by frame.
- Embodiments of the present invention drive an organic EL display by unit of subframe obtained by dividing a single frame. Driving methods according to the present invention will be described based on exemplary 32 grayscale representation.
- a first embodiment of the present invention implements 32 grays using five subframes and 15 bits i.e., five bits for each of red (R), green (G) and blue (B), which is described now.
- a 5-bit input data (for each of R, G and B) is divided into upper two bits (MSB) and lower tlu-ee bits (LSB), and then, the four of the five subframes are made to represent the value of the upper two bits and the other one is made to represent the value of the lower three bits.
- the organic EL device emits light every subframe with an amount depending on data signals, while human eyes detect light with an amount equal to the sum of the light emission for five subframes.
- the basic grays are determined by the four subframes SFl, SF2, SF3 and SF4, and the detailed grays between the basic grays are determined by the other one subframe
- Fig. 3 shows that the subframe for representing the detailed grays comes last, it is not limited thereto.
- Fig. 4 shows a measured gray curve G for the organic EL display and a desired gray curve Gd.
- the horizontal axis and the vertical axis indicate gray data and brightness, respectively.
- the horizontal axis is divided into four equal parts.
- the straight lines A, B, C and D are the dividing lines).
- the lines A, B, C and D are assigned to "00,” “01,” “10” and “11” of the upper two bits, respectively.
- a horizontal line parallel to the horizontal axis and passing through the intersection is drawn.
- a gray data corresponding to a meeting point between the horizontal line and the measured gray curve Gm is outputted as a corrected gray data.
- the corrected gray data for eight values of the lower three bits may be obtained in substantially the same manner as shown in Fig. 4, yet it is different in that eight straight lines are necessary to divide the horizontal axis into eight equal parts.
- Both a corrected gray data and a non-corrected gray data are alternatively employed as a gray data outputted during the other subframe SF5 for adjusting detailed gray.
- the first embodiment of the present invention exemplifies eight detailed grays, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of the detailed grays is determined considering the luminescence characteristics of fhe organic EL device.
- the organic EL device is driven to display the basic grays based on the corrected gray data corresponding to the values "00,” “01,” “10” and “11” of the upper two bits during the four subframes SFl, SF2, SF3 and SF4, and to display the detailed grays between the basic grays based on the gray data corresponding to the lower three bits during the other one subframe SF5.
- the number of the subframes for displaying the basic grays for the upper m bits is 2 m .
- the sparsely-spaced basic grays determines the sparsely-spaced basic grays and the other one determines the detailed grays between the basic grays.
- a state of each of the three subframes determining the basic grays is determined only by on or off operation. Accordingly, the number of cases represented by the three subframes is following four cases: 1. all the three are off;
- the subframes for determining a basic gray for an upper two bit data are determined as described now.
- the subframes determiiiing the basic grays based on the MSB performs on/ off operation, it has an advantage of reducing the number of the subframes relative to the first embodiment.
- Fig. 6 illustrates an organic EL display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an organic EL display includes an organic EL display panel 100, a scan driver 200, a data driver 300, a timing controller 400, and a subframe generator 500.
- the organic EL display panel 100 includes a plurality of data lines Dl-Dm ⁇ -ansmitting data voltages corresponding to image signals, a plurality of scan lines fransmitting scan signals Sl-Sm, and a plurality of pixel circuits 110 provided at a plurality of pixels defined by the data lines and the scan lines.
- the data driver 300 applies the data voltages corresponding to the image signals to the data lines, and the scan driver 200 sequentially applies the scan signals to the scan lines.
- the subframe generator 500 receives data signals DATA and a syncl ro ization signal SYNC, divides one frame into a plurality of subframes, and outputs corrected data signals DATA' and a corrected synchronization signal SYNC' for the subframes. As described above, the subframe generator 500 outputs the corrected data DATA' for the subframes to display the basic grays corresponding to the MSB of the input data signal DATA , and outputs the corrected data for the subframes to display the detailed grays between the basic grays, which correspond to the LSB of the inputted data signal DATA.
- the timing controller 400 receives the corrected data DATA' and the synchronization signal SYNC for the respective subframes outputted from the subframe generator 500, generates control signals for controlling the data driver 300 and the scan driver 200, and outputs the corrected data DATA' to data driver 300.
- Fig. 7 illustrates an exemplary detailed configuration of the subframe generator 500 shown in Fig. 6.
- the subframe generator 500 includes first and second frame memories 510a and 510b, a controller 520, and a lookup table 530.
- the first and the second frame memories 510a and 510b alternately store odd frame data and even frame data among the input data DATA received from an external device under the control of the controller 520.
- the lookup table 530 stores corrected gray data corresponding to the MSB and corrected gray data corresponding to the LSB.
- the controller 520 reads out the data stored in the first frame memory 510a or the second frame memory 510a and 510b responsive to the synchronization signal SYNC. According to the embodiment of the present invention, for example, the controller 520 reads out the odd frame data stored in the first frame memory 510a and simultaneously stores the data DATA from the external device to the second frame memory 510b, thereby increasing the efficiency of the frame memories.
- the controller 520 analyzes the MSB and the LSB of the data read from the frame memories 510a and 510b, assigns the MSB and the LSB to appropriate subframes, and brings the corrected gray data for the respective subframes from the lookup table 530. Thereafter, the controller 520 outputs the corrected gray data DATA' brought from the lookup table 530 and the synchronization signal SYNC for the respective subframes.
- the corrected gray data DATA' and the synchronization signal SYNC for the respective subframes outputted from the controller 530 are fransmitted to the data driver 300 and the scan driver 200 via the timing controller 400 to drive the organic EL device panel 100 subframe by subframe.
- the above-described organic EL display according to the embodiment of the present invention divides the input data into the upper bits and the lower bits and assigns the upper bits and the lower bits to the subframes.
- the organic EL display is driven based on the corrected gray data for the basic grays during the subframes assigned to the upper bits to output the light amount of the basic grays, and is driven based on the corrected gray data for the detailed grays between the basic grays during the subframe assigned to the lower bits to output the light amount of the detailed grays.
- the embod i ents of the present invention h ave exemplified 32 grayscales
- the present invention is also applicable to implement another number of grays.
- the subframes have the same duration in the embodiments of the present invention, the subframes may have different durations.
- the present invention divides one frame into several subframes, and drives an organic EL device with the corrected gray data for representing the basic grays during the subframes assigned to the upper bits and with the corrected gray data for representing the detailed grays between the basic grays during the subframes assigned to the lower bits, it is possible to represent sufficient number of grays regardless of the unstable luminescence characteristics of an organic EL device.
Abstract
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Priority Applications (1)
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US10/503,026 US7187354B2 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2002-09-19 | Organic electroluminescent display and driving method thereof |
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KR2002/5334 | 2002-01-30 | ||
KR1020020005334A KR100831228B1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2002-01-30 | An organic electroluminescent display and a driving method thereof |
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PCT/KR2002/001789 WO2003065336A1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2002-09-19 | Organic electroluminescent display and driving method thereof |
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KR (1) | KR100831228B1 (en) |
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US8508440B2 (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2013-08-13 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Organic light emitting display, and method for driving organic light emitting display and pixel circuit |
CN114373418A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-19 | 北京集创北方科技股份有限公司 | Gray scale data driving method, device, equipment, storage medium and display screen |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20050078064A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
KR20030065640A (en) | 2003-08-09 |
KR100831228B1 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
US7187354B2 (en) | 2007-03-06 |
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