WO2003079349A2 - Improvements relating to security in digital data distribution - Google Patents
Improvements relating to security in digital data distribution Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003079349A2 WO2003079349A2 PCT/GB2003/001085 GB0301085W WO03079349A2 WO 2003079349 A2 WO2003079349 A2 WO 2003079349A2 GB 0301085 W GB0301085 W GB 0301085W WO 03079349 A2 WO03079349 A2 WO 03079349A2
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- avddm
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- digital content
- content data
- copyright protection
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
- G11B20/00572—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium
- G11B20/00615—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium said format change concerning the logical format of the recording medium, e.g. the structure of sectors, blocks, or frames
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
- G11B20/00659—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving a control step which is implemented as an executable file stored on the record carrier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
- G11B20/0092—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which are linked to media defects or read/write errors
- G11B20/00927—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which are linked to media defects or read/write errors wherein said defects or errors are generated on purpose, e.g. intended scratches
Definitions
- the present invention concerns improvements relating to security in digital data distribution of, for example, audio data on Compact Discs (CDs).
- the present invention relates particularly, although not exclusively, to improving the security in the distribution of dynamically copyrighted audio data to handheld devices such as mobile phones.
- the present invention may be employed as part of a data composing apparatus in which audio data, for example, can be selected by a paying consumer and retrieved from a database of stored audio data.
- Copyright protection is a growing problem for all copyright based industries, including the music industry, the film/video industry, the computer games industry, the computer software industry, or any other industry where a product can be digitised.
- the basis of the problem is that a single product (known as a master) is created and, in some circumstances, it is copyright protected and then mass-produced. Any child of the master therefore carries the same copyright protection as the master. It is this mass production of a product that is the real problem because, even if the product has been copyright protected, once copyright protection is compromised all the mass produced products can be compromised.
- DeCSS DeCSS
- DeCSS DeCSS
- This one piece of software has now compromised regional protection for the whole DND industry.
- copyright protection is only as good as the programmer who wrote the DND specification could envisage at the time it was written.
- a further problem is that the consumer would like more choice in how he or she obtains music, and on which devices music may be played. Consumers, while on the whole being happy to pay for music, nevertheless want the option to upload songs onto their mobile phone or other handheld devices for their personal use. Many consumers download songs from the Internet to play on their computers. They do not download files and record their own CDs with the downloaded files because the quality of audio files on the Internet is not CD quality and, at present, the Internet is too slow for the majority of consumers to download high quality audio.
- the audio on a CD is divided into a maximum of 99 tracks. Each track must be at least four seconds in length, and a pause of two seconds may be inserted between tracks.
- the audio may be physically divided into tracks with silence in between, or run continuously between two or more tracks.
- an ISRC International Standard Recording Code
- the ISRC comprises 12 characters divided as shown in the table below.
- index 0 marks the pause (normally two seconds) at the beginning of each track, while index 1 identifies the main part of the track.
- Track start times are defined in a table of contents (TOC).
- the TOC usually includes the timecode for each track (as minutes, seconds and sometimes frames) and is used to enable CD players to "know" where each track is on the CD.
- the TOC may also define the track type which, for some CD formats, can be audio or data.
- the main data channel which may contain audio or other data
- P-channel indicates the start and end of each track.
- the Q-channel contains the majority of program and timing information such as timecodes (minutes, seconds and frames), the TOC, track type and catalogue number.
- Channels R to W are for subcode graphics and
- each block of data contains 2352 bytes, and 75 data blocks are read from a CD every second.
- CDs contain audio and additional data such as band videos and web pages.
- An example of a multi-session CD format is shown in Figure 1. This format includes two sessions: an audio session (AS) and a data session (DS).
- the audio session (AS) commences with a
- TOC at the start of a lead-in area (LIA).
- the lead-in area is followed by the audio tracks (AT) (or “songs” - these terms are used interchangeably).
- AT audio tracks
- the audio session ends with a lead-out area (LOA) which indicates to the CD player the end of the audio data.
- LOA lead-out area
- the data session commences with a lead-in area, followed by a data section (DST) and a lead-out area.
- the audio and data sessions are separated by a link block (LB).
- the whole data session is regarded as a single track in the TOC.
- CD Recorders CD Recorders
- PC personal computer
- the process of copying a CD using a PC is carried out as follows. Firstly, the data on the CD is converted into another format, such as a WAN file. The CD audio is then extracted and the WAN data is written to the PC's hard drive. This process is known as "ripping". PC CDRs are becoming ever faster at ripping audio, and hence "ripping software" has become more popular and commonplace.
- www.CDDB.com is a service which was originally used to provide track and artist names to people so that these details could be displayed on their PCs while playing their CDs. Pirates who name and catalogue illegally ripped songs now frequently use this service and others like it.
- These types of on-line databases hold the details of millions of CDs with their Table Of Contents (the start and end points of each track) being used as a means of identifying the CD of a particular artist.
- the ripper software can contact services like CDDB.
- a map of the TOC of the CD being copied is read and sent to the CDDB. If the CD cannot be identified by CDDB, then the ripper software asks the user to enter the track and artist details for the CD. If the CD has already been entered into the CDDB, the CDDB queries the database to find an identical TOC map. The ripping software is then sent a list of all the correct track and artist details. The convenience of having all the CD details automatically copied to a user's PC has promoted piracy.
- the electronics inside a standard CD player differ to those electronics in a CD Recorder, and many companies have used this difference as a basis for CD copyright protection.
- Most music CDs produced nowadays are in the multi-session format which, as previously explained, comprises an audio session and a data session.
- the sophisticated reading electronics inside a CDR can be duped into having an error overload and refuse to read the CD.
- the CDR itself does not 'refuse to read' the CD, but it is the reading software that refuses to continue reading the CD.
- Many CD reading software programs can be configured to continue reading error- containing data, but the resultant read data will have errors (usually gaps) in it.
- Standard CD audio players do not have such sophisticated reader electronics and use inbuilt circuitry to ignore the errors in the data.
- a standard CD audio player sees the errors as potential scratches on the CD surface, ignores them and plays the audio.
- Such errors can include errors in the audio data, misrepresented sector headers and contents, errors in the Table of Contents record or just about anywhere on the CD.
- These errors can also be malformed subcode information or subcode errors. They can also be incorrectly sized sectors or sub channel information.
- a malformed TOC in the data session (or additional sessions) of a CD does not prevent a standard audio CD player from reading the CD, as most audio players only read the first session of a CD in any case. It should be noted, however, that newer CD players now available in standard audio hardware are being enabled to play multi-session CDs.
- RAW method in which CD data is copied to a hard drive as completely raw binary data. This is known as “cloning” a CD, and creates a CD which is exactly the same as the original CD: if the original CD has copyright protection then the cloned CD also has it.
- the RAW CD data is then analysed and any errors are either removed or corrected, and the CD can then be re-recorded without the copyright protection scheme.
- the VMS System is set up to allow a user to prepare a desired song selection from the collection of stored songs.
- the customer's choice is sent via a network connection to an in-store virtual pressing plant (VPP).
- VPP finds the song, instructs a CD robot to place a blank CD in a CD recorder, records the songs onto the CD, and then prints the song details on the CD cover together with the CD itself. If a song is not available locally at the retail location, it may be downloaded from the Nexus Server.
- the desired songs may be: recorded onto a CD while the customer waits; recorded onto a CD at a different location and sent by mail to the customer's home; downloaded onto a hand-held device while the customer waits within the store; downloaded direct to the customer's computer and recorded onto their own CD recorder; or downloaded onto the hard disk of the customer's computer in a protected format.
- a method of recording digital content data onto an AVDDM (Audio Visual Data Distributable Medium)
- the method comprising: assigning a unique identifier to the AVDDM; using the unique identifier to create a plurality of data errors in, and/or format variations of, the digital content data unique to that AVDDM; and recording the digital content data incorporating the data errors and/or format variations.
- AVDDM Audio Visual Data Distributable Medium
- This method applies copyright protection to digital content data dynamically and is therefore referred to as a dynamic copyright protection scheme.
- every AVDDM which is dynamically copyrighted using the method of the present invention will be unique.
- Conventional AVDDMs are produced using a master copy and therefore each AVDDM which originates from that master will be identical: services such as CDDB rely on this fact to identify AVDDMs.
- the advantage that the present invention provides resides in the fact that every AVDDM produced is unique, and it is therefore impossible for services such as CDDB to use to the pattern of data errors and/or format variations as a product identifier.
- the digital content data incorporating the data errors and/or format variations is recorded onto the AVDDM together with the unique identifier.
- the unique identifier enables an AVDDM which has been recorded using the method of the invention to be identified. If the method is carried out at a retail store, for example, the unique identifier may be used to identify the store where the AVDDM was produced and therefore whether or not the AVDDM was legally manufactured.
- the format variations may include variations in spacing between items of content recorded on the AVDDM.
- the silences at the beginning and/or end of audio data tracks may be varied.
- the silences between audio data tracks may be varied. Adding these silences changes the overall length of the CD and hence when a TOC is created the track start times in the TOC change.
- the track start times in the TOC may be changed by modifying the TOC without altering the actual data on the CD.
- These type of format variations assist copyright protection of CDs because every CD has a different audio TOC record, and it thus becomes impossible for services such as CDDB to use the TOC as a product identifier. CDDB will not work on a product (whether it be a CD or other AVDDM) which includes the copyright protection scheme of the present invention.
- the using step comprises inputting the unique identifier into a pseudo random number generator as a seed and creating a random set of data errors and/or format variations for use in the recording step.
- the method further comprises compiling an index file (such as a TOC for an audio CD) describing the format and content of the digital content data recorded on the AVDDM.
- the index file is then preferably recorded onto the AVDDM.
- the method may further comprise the creation of a copyright protection map for identifying the unique plurality of data errors in and/or format variations of the digital content data.
- the copyright protection map may contain the positions of where errors have been placed in the original data, or which parts of the original data have been altered.
- the copyright protection map may contain the actual missing information from the AVDDM with details of where the missing information originated from.
- the copyright protection map may subsequently be recorded onto the AVDDM.
- the copyright protection map may comprise a plurality of generation routines for generating a list of the plurality of data errors and/or format variations.
- the combiner program is arranged to convert the generated original digital content data into a data format specific to, and supported by, a playback device.
- the data format may WAV format, or any other suitable format such as an "industry-approved" format.
- the term playback device refers not only to devices which store and play audio data, but to any device which is able to store audio data which can be subsequently transferred to another device with audio playing capability.
- the combiner program may be arranged to playback the original content data on a conventional personal computer without requiring storage of the content data on the personal computer. The advantage of this is that the content data cannot be copied to an
- the unique identifier is encrypted and then recorded on the AVDDM.
- the copyright protection map may be encrypted and recorded on the AVDDM. Encryption of the unique identifier and/or the copyright protection map is preferably carried out using an encryption key which is stored for later use. Encryption of the copyright protection map advantageously provides an additional layer of security.
- the digital content data may be compressed using a compression algorithm prior to recording the digital content data on the AVDDM.
- an AVDDM Audio Visual Data Distributable Medium
- Compressed digital content data read from the AVDDM may be decompressed by combiner means stored on the AVDDM.
- the combiner means may be arranged to transmit the unique identifier to a remote location over a telecommunications network and to receive a decryption key for decrypting the copyright map. This brings an additional level of security to the copyright protection scheme by ensuring that only authorised user's who are in possession of genuine AVDDMs (and not illegally copied
- Digital content data stored on the AVDDM may include a digital watermark. Details enabling the data content on the AVDDM (and hence the AVDDM itself) to be uniquely identified are preferably provided in the digital watermark.
- the advantage of using a digital watermark is that the protection afforded by the unique identifier present in the data session of, for example, a CD can also be afforded to the audio session. If the audio and data sessions are separated, then it is still possible to determine where the audio file originated from. Whilst this security feature can be difficult to police uniformly for all manufactured CDs, (due to the large numbers of CDs), it does provide a deterrent effect. Also, for smaller more valuable first releases and promotional CDs, it enables the source of the copied audio (or other) data to be determined.
- AVDDM Audio Visual Data
- the method comprising: reading a unique AVDDM identifier from the AVDDM; transmitting the unique identifier to a central site from the user's location; receiving a decryption key associated with the unique identifier from the central site; using the decryption key to decrypt an encrypted copyright map of data errors and/or format variations provided in relation to the AVDDM; reading from the AVDDM, digital content data which has been copyright protected by the inclusion of the data errors and/or the format variations; combining the decrypted copyright map with the copyright protected digital content data to remove the copyright protection from the digital content data; and recording the digital content data from which the copyright protection has been removed on to the playback device.
- the converting step may include encrypting and/or dynamically copyright protecting the formatted data as it is being uploaded to the playback device.
- the formatting step is preferably carried out on apparatus which implements the combining step. Alternatively, the formatting step may be carried out on the playback device itself.
- the playback device may have a unique identification number in which case the formatting step may be arranged to format the digital content data for playback on a playback device having that unique identification number.
- the encrypted copyright map may be provided from the AVDDM by reading the same. Alternatively, it may be provided by receiving the same transmitted from a central site.
- the recording step may comprise recording the digital content data on to the playback device with the same audio/visual data quality as that of the digital content data recorded on the AVDDM.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a multi-session CD format
- Figure 2 is a diagram of a system suitable for implementing the first, second and third embodiments of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a flow diagram showing an overview of the process of producing a dynamically copyright protected CD according to the first, second and third embodiments of the present invention
- Figures 5 a, 5b and 5 c are flow diagrams showing the detailed steps for implementing respective first, second and third embodiments of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a flow diagram showing a second method of reading a dynamically copyright protected CD generated using the first, second and/or third embodiments, and uploading the data to a hand-held device;
- Figure 8 is a schematic representation of a system for implementing the methods shown in Figures 7 and 8;
- Figure 9 is a flow diagram showing the steps of a network method for authenticating a copyright protected CD, reading the authenticated CD, and uploading the read data to a hand-held device which is suitable for use with any of the embodiments of the present invention.
- the VMS System 10 is capable of delivering all types of audio-visual content such as text, audio, video and graphics to a user 34.
- the VMS System 10 is set up to allow the user 34 to prepare a desired song selection and then have the desired songs recorded on a CD 32 which is given to the user 34.
- Customers can access the VMS System 10 via high-street terminals or via the Internet.
- the VMS System 10 comprises a centrally located authentication server 12 (referred to hereinafter as the "Nexus Server") which is connected to a remote server 14 (referred to hereinafter as the "VPP Server").
- the VPP Server 14 in this example is located in a retail store, and is connected to the Nexus Server 12 via a bidirectional encrypted satellite link 16.
- ADSL or any other type of broadband access could be used to link retail stores with the Nexus Server 12.
- the connection 16 could be another type of wireless connection, or even a copper line or cable TV connection.
- the VPP Server 14 is connected to a database 18 via, for example, a TCP/IP (i.e. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) connection 20.
- the database 18 stores digitised audio data 22 and other related data 48 such as the artist and track details.
- the audio data 22 includes a TOC 46 for each song, single and album which is stored on the database 18.
- the VPP Server 14 contains VPP software 24 for recording data onto a CD 32.
- the VPP Server 14 also implements dynamic copyright protection by means of a copyright protection map maker 42 (referred to hereinafter as a "CPM Maker").
- the CPM Maker 42 includes a pseudo-random/random number generator 72.
- the VPP Server 14 is coupled to a standard personal computer 26 (PC) and a CD Robot 26a for placing a blank CD into a CD Recorder (not shown). Alternatively, the VPP Server 14 and the PC 26 can be combined into a single unit.
- PC personal computer 26
- CD Robot 26a for placing a blank CD into
- the VPP software 24 controls the CD Robot 26a together with a colour printer 26b which prints CD sleeves, and a CD printer 26c that prints on the surface of the CD 32.
- the CD Robot 26a, the colour printer 26b and the CD printer 26c are all located in the retail store.
- the Nexus Server 12 contains a collection of CD identifiers 36 (CIDs), a plurality of public encryption keys 38 and a plurality of private encryption keys 40.
- the Nexus Server 12 also contains digitised audio data 22 and related data 48.
- the database 18 connected to the VPP Server 14 may contain the same audio data 22 (and related data 48) as the Nexus Server 12, or it may contain a subset of this data 22,48. In this manner, the retail store can tailor its available in-store music collection to its target audience whilst reducing the amount of database space required.
- the method 300 commences with the user 34 choosing at Step 310 a selection of songs 22 from the VMS Database 18 and/or the Nexus Server 12 using the VMS console 28.
- the user 34 then pays at Step 312 for the CD 32 on which his choice of songs 22 will be recorded at a cash desk in the retail store.
- a unique CD identifier (CID) 36 is created at Step 314 by the Nexus Server.
- the CID 36 comprises a code for the retail store which produced the CD 32, a time and date stamp, and a number assigned to the CD 32.
- a different CID 36 is created for each CD produced by the VMS System 10.
- the CID 36 (or an encrypted version thereof 37) is stored at Step 316 at the Nexus Server 12.
- a copyright protection map 44 is then created at Step 318 by the CPM Maker 42.
- the copyright protection map 44 is subsequently applied at Step 320 to the audio data 22 of the song collection, and the related data 48 if required.
- An extra layer of copyright protection may be provided by the use of a digital watermark 50 added to the audio data.
- a digital watermark 50 can be detected by conventional watermarking detection software, but is imperceptible to a listener. If watermarking is required, the optional Step 321 of modifying the audio data 22 to include a watermark 50 is carried out.
- a unique watermark 50 (such as Central Research Laboratories Limited' s Digital Watermark) may be applied to each CD 32 to enable the CD to be identified.
- the copyright protected audio data 23 is written at Step 322 to the audio session 68 of the
- the Nexus Server 12 encrypts at Step 324 the CID 36 using a first public key 38 and saves the encrypted CID 37 for later use.
- the CPM 44 is then encrypted at Step 326 using a second public key 38.
- the encrypted CID (known as an "ECID") and the encrypted CPM 45 (known as an "ECPM") are written to a data session 70 of the CD 32.
- Steps 324 to 328 will not be carried out. Instead, the unencrypted CID 36 and CPM 44 are written at Step 330 to the data session 70 of the CD 32.
- a CD label (not shown) is printed at Step 334 by the colour printer 26b and text and/or images may be printed on the CD 32 itself by the CD printer 26c.
- the completed CD 32 is then presented at Step 336 to the user 34.
- the resulting CD is shown in Figure 4b.
- Steps 318 and 320 of the above described method 300 may be carried out in various ways.
- the silences at one (or a combination) of the following locations of each audio track 22 (or song) are varied: the beginning, the end, between the tracks.
- Figure 5a the method 400 of the first embodiment of the present invention is now described.
- the CPM Maker 42 creates at Step 412 the CPM 44. This is carried out by passing the unique CID 36 to the pseudo-random/random number generator 72 and using the CID as a seed number to generate a random or pseudo-random number.
- the pseudo- random/random number is used to vary the length of the silences specified in the TOC 46.
- the first column specifies the track number
- the second column specifies the start time of the track. So, the first track begins just over two seconds from the start of the audio data.
- the pseudo-random/random number is used to add (or subtract) time periods from the TOC 46. Let the random time period produced by the CPM Maker 42 for the first track be 0.05 second, while that of the second and third tracks is 0.1 second.
- the CPM 44 generated would then be as follows:
- the pseudo-random/random number is used to specify random locations of errors which are to be created in the audio session 68 of the CD 32.
- a random number may specify individual bits of the audio data 22 which should be changed either from 0 to 1, or from 1 to 0.
- Step 484 of the method 480 also involves the CPM 44 storing a list of these locations of the varied bits.
- the method 480 may be used to apply random errors to the TOC 46 as well as (or instead of) errors in the audio data 22 itself. Again, this will have the effect of dissuading database services such as CDDB from storing error maps to identify CDs, as each CD 32 produced by the VMS System 10 has a unique error pattern.
- Step 466 a blank data file 48 of the size specified by the pseudo-random/random number is created at Step 466. If a data file 48 including the artist and track details already exists, then Step 466 will include modifying the size of this file as specified by the pseudo-random/random number. This may be carried out by, for example, adding a few hundredths of seconds of silence to the data file 48. Then the TOC 46 is modified at Step 466
- the audio data 22 is written at Step 470 to the audio session of the CD 32, the data file
- 74 comprises a PC 76 connected to a hand-held device 60 via, for example an IR,
- Bluetooth TM wireless, USB, or other suitable connection.
- the first method 100 of reading a copyright protected CD 32 commences with the user 34 inserting at Step 102 the CD 32 into his PC CDR and thereby automatically launching the VMS Player 52.
- the user 34 then clicks at Step 104 on the play button 62 displayed by the VMS Player.
- the combiner program 54 (which forms part of the VMS Player software) then reads at Step 105 the first sector of RAW copyright protected data from the CD 32.
- the combiner program 54 then reads at Step 106 the relevant portion of the CPM 44 from the CD 32.
- the first sector of RAW copyright protected data is "combined" at Step 108 with the relevant portion of the CPM 44 (if necessary) to form the original, non-copyright protected audio data 22.
- the method by which the combiner program 54 combines the copyright protected data with the CPM 44 will, of course, depend on the type of copyright protection applied to the CD 32. For example, if the copyright protected audio data 22 on the CD 32 includes random errors (as implemented by the second embodiment of the invention) the CPM 44 will comprise a list of the locations of these errors. While the CD 32 is being played by the VMS Player 52, the combiner program 54 will thus correct the errors at the locations specified by the CPM 44 before the data is passed to the sound card/audio system. Error correction is carried out in real-time without saving a copy of the original, non-copyright protected data 22.
- the VMS Player 52 can also be used to upload data from the copyright protected CD 32 to a hand-held device 60 using the second method 120 illustrated in Figure 7.
- the user 34 inserts at Step 122 the CD 32 into his PC CDR, and the VMS player 52 is automatically launched.
- the user 34 then clicks on the "upload songs" button 64 displayed by the VMS Player 52.
- the combiner program 54 then reads at Step 125 the first sector of RAW copyright protected data from the CD 32.
- the combiner program 54 then reads at Step 126 the relevant portion of the CPM 44 from the CD 32.
- the first sector of RAW copyright protected data is "combined” at Step 128 with the relevant portion of the CPM 44 (if necessary) to form the original, non-copyright protected audio data 22.
- the "combined" (i.e. original) first sector of CD audio data is then converted at Step 130 into a format that can be uploaded directly to a hand-held device 60, and the formatted data is uploaded at
- Step 132 to the hand-held device 60.
- the combiner checks at Step 133 whether there is more data to be read from the CD. If there is, the combiner program 54 gets at Step 134 the next data sector. Steps 126 to 134 are repeated until all the data has been read from the CD.
- the above described methods 100 and 120 provide a solution which does not require any authentication of the user 34. A user can therefore purchase a CD 32 and upload it to their hand-held device 60 without needing to register or fill out forms.
- the methods 100 and 120 provide a solution which does not require any authentication of the user 34. A user can therefore purchase a CD 32 and upload it to their hand-held device 60 without needing to register or fill out forms.
- the customer will not be able to copy the CD onto their computer and play it unless they can combine the CD RAW data with the copyright protection map and, if they do manage to "crack" the copyright protection scheme, they will only have done so for a single particular CD.
- a stronger copyright protection system may nevertheless be provided by providing an authentication process which must be carried out before audio data can be uploaded to a hand-held device 60.
- the authentication process is carried out by sending the encrypted CID 36 to the Nexus Server 12.
- the encrypted CID 36 can then be used as a database access key to obtain access to facilities and services provided by the VMS System 10.
- Step 510 the VMS Player 52 the appropriate private key 40 for decrypting the ECPM 45.
- the ECPM 45 is then decrypted at Step 512 by the combiner software 54 to give the original CPM 44 which is stored on the user's PC for later use, for example.
- the combiner program 54 then reads at Step 125 the first sector of RAW copyright protected data from the CD 32.
- the combiner program 54 then reads at Step 514 the relevant portion of the stored CPM 44.
- the first sector of RAW copyright protected data is "combined” at Step 516 with the relevant portion of the CPM 44 (if necessary) to form the original, non-copyright protected audio data 22.
- the "combined" (i.e. original) first sector of CD audio data is then converted at Step 518 into a format that can be uploaded directly to a hand-held device 60, and the formatted data is uploaded at Step 520 to the hand-held device 60.
- the combiner checks at Step 521 whether there is more data to be read from the CD. If there is, the combiner program 54 gets at Step 522 the next data sector. Steps 514 to 522 are repeated until all the data has been read from the CD 32 and uploaded to the hand-held device 60.
- the above described method 500 can be used to transfer audio data directly from the Nexus server 12 to the user's hand-held device 60.
- the VMS Player may connect to the Nexus Server 12 via a mobile phone 60, and the encrypted CID is thus sent from a user's PC to his mobile phone 60 and then to the Nexus Server 12.
- Step 508 is then implemented as described above.
- the decryption key 40 will be sent directly to the user's mobile phone 60 whereupon it can be transmitted to the VMS Player on the user's PC so that the encrypted CPM 45 can be decrypted.
- the present invention is based on the fact that every product (whether it be a CD or other AVDDM) produced by the VMS System 10 is different, i.e., the product is never mass-produced. This is made possible by in-store point of sale manufacturing or by using CDR at the CD manufacturing plant. Products produced in this manner can be played on standard CD players or PCs.
- the consumer can upload their music to a mobile phone or other hand-held device.
- the full bandwidth audio on the CD is accessed and used by combining the copyright protected audio with a copyright protection map to produce the original uncopyrighted data.
- the quality of the audio is only restricted by the size of the hand-held device's memory or hard drive. If the consumer has access to broadband, there is no reason why dynamic copyright protection could not be used to create copyright protected CDs at the customer's home.
- the combiner program may contain a copyright protection map generation routine (not shown). Therefore, when the user inserts his CD into a CDR, in addition to the VMS Player being launched automatically, the combiner program 54 will run the CPM generation routine to generate the CPM in real time.
- the CPM generation routine contained within the combiner program would be identical to that provided by the VPP Server 14. As the unique CID has been used to generate the CPM at the VPP Server 14, the CPM generation routine implemented by the combiner 54 would take as its input the CID. That is, the CID is used by the CPM generation routines to identify the particular combination of copyright protection methods which were used to generate the CPM at the VPP Server 14.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
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US10/507,830 US20070101157A1 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Security in digital data distribution |
AU2003216814A AU2003216814A1 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Improvements relating to security in digital data distribution |
CA002479184A CA2479184A1 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Improvements relating to security in digital data distribution |
JP2003577259A JP2005527058A (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Security improvements in digital data distribution |
EP03712349A EP1485913A2 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Improvements relating to security in digital data distribution |
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GB0206034.1 | 2002-03-14 | ||
GB0206034A GB0206034D0 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2002-03-14 | Improvements relating to security in digital data distribution |
GB0211134A GB0211134D0 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2002-05-15 | Improvements relating to security in digital data distribution |
GB0211134.2 | 2002-05-15 |
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WO2003079349A2 true WO2003079349A2 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
WO2003079349A3 WO2003079349A3 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
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PCT/GB2003/001085 WO2003079349A2 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Improvements relating to security in digital data distribution |
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US (1) | US20070101157A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1485913A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005527058A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003216814A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2479184A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003079349A2 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005527058A (en) | 2005-09-08 |
WO2003079349A3 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
EP1485913A2 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
US20070101157A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
AU2003216814A1 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
CA2479184A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
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