WO2003092206A1 - A coding method and device for cascading the turbo product and space-time trellis code (sttc) - Google Patents

A coding method and device for cascading the turbo product and space-time trellis code (sttc) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003092206A1
WO2003092206A1 PCT/CN2002/000295 CN0200295W WO03092206A1 WO 2003092206 A1 WO2003092206 A1 WO 2003092206A1 CN 0200295 W CN0200295 W CN 0200295W WO 03092206 A1 WO03092206 A1 WO 03092206A1
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Prior art keywords
decoding
code
information
turbo product
product code
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PCT/CN2002/000295
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Yi Li
Yonghui Li
Yongsheng Zhang
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Linkair Communications, Inc.
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Priority to PCT/CN2002/000295 priority Critical patent/WO2003092206A1/en
Priority to CNA028181212A priority patent/CN1555628A/en
Priority to AU2002257490A priority patent/AU2002257490A1/en
Publication of WO2003092206A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003092206A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H04L1/0047Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation
    • H04L1/005Iterative decoding, including iteration between signal detection and decoding operation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0064Concatenated codes
    • H04L1/0065Serial concatenated codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0064Concatenated codes
    • H04L1/0066Parallel concatenated codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618Space-time coding
    • H04L1/0637Properties of the code
    • H04L1/065Properties of the code by means of convolutional encoding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a space-time coding scheme for a communication system, and in particular to a coding method and device for concatenating a Turbo Product Code (TPC) and a space-time Trellis code (STTC).
  • TPC Turbo Product Code
  • STTC space-time Trellis code
  • [3]-) can obtain diversity gain and coding gain at the same time, overcome the influence of fading, and improve the reliability of transmission.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a coding method and a device for concatenating a Turbo product code and a space-time Trell 1 is code, so as to reduce decoding complexity and decoding delay, reduce buffering overhead, and obtain diversity gain. At the same time, the coding gain can be increased.
  • a concatenated encoding method of a Turbo product code and a spatio-temporal Trel lis code wherein: a transmitting end uses a concatenated encoding of a turbo product code and a spatio-temporal Trel is code; The received signal is decoded.
  • the concatenated encoding of the transmitting end using the Turbo product code and the space-time Trellis code refers to: the turbo product code is the outer code of the cascade encoding, and the space-time Trellis code is the inner code of the cascade encoding; when encoding, first The turbo product code is encoded, and the ratio after the turbo product code is encoded is interleaved, and the interleaved bits are then subjected to space-time Trellis encoding.
  • the decoding of the received signal by the receiving end means uses an iterative decoding between the turbo product code decoding and the space-time Trellis code decoding on the received signal.
  • the step of the transmitting end using concatenated coding of turbo product codes and space-time Trellis codes for input bits includes:
  • the interleaved bits are then space-time Trellis encoded
  • the modulated signal is transmitted from the transmitting antenna.
  • the receiving end uses the iterative decoding between the turbo product code decoding and the spatio-temporal Trellis code decoding on the received signal, and the steps include: '
  • the space-time Trellis code decodes the received signal sequence, and decodes to obtain the corresponding information in bits.
  • the reliability information at this time is full information
  • Turbo-product code decodes the new information after de-interleaving
  • turbo product code decoding outputs full information
  • the full information decoded by the last Turbo product code is used to judge the output.
  • the modulation can be QPSK modulation.
  • the modulation may use other conventional modulation methods.
  • the antenna may adopt the transmission of more than one transmitting antenna and the connection of more than one receiving antenna.
  • the antenna can use two transmitting antennas for transmission and one receiving antenna for reception.
  • the turbo product code decoding can be any turbo product code decoding algorithm, and a PML decoding algorithm is recommended here.
  • the spatio-temporal Trellis code decoding can use multiple decoding algorithms. This gives a LOG- MAP decoding algorithm.
  • the steps further include:
  • the interleaved bits are then space-time Trellis encoded
  • the channel fading between the first transmitting antenna and the receiving line is ⁇
  • the channel fading between the second transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is h 2 (t)
  • the signal received by the receiving antenna is recorded as y t
  • the received signal is interfered by white Gaussian noise
  • the bilateral power spectral density of the noise is recorded as
  • the turbo product code decoding may be PML decoding, and the spatio-temporal Trellis code decoding Can be decoded for LOG-MAP;
  • New information is obtained by subtracting the entered pre-test information from the full information
  • Turbo-product code decodes the new information after de-interleaving
  • turbo product code decoding outputs full information
  • the full information decoded by the last Turbo product code is used to judge the output.
  • An encoding device in which a turbo product code and a spatio-temporal Trellis code are cascaded wherein: a transmitting end includes at least an encoding device in which a turbo product code encoder and a spatio-temporal Trellis code encoder are cascaded;
  • the receiver includes at least a turbo product code decoder and a spatio-temporal Trellis code decoder. Into a decoding device.
  • the encoding device at the transmitting end may include: a turbo product code encoder, a space-time Trellis code encoder, and an interleaver; wherein: the input bits are inputs of the turbo product code encoder, and the output of the turbo product code encoder is an interleaver Input, the output of the interleaver is the input of the Trellis code encoder, and the output of the Trellis code encoder is the encoded bits.
  • the decoding device at the receiving end may include: a turbo product code decoder, a space-time Trellis code decoder, and an deinterleaver; wherein: the received signal sequence and feedback information are inputs of the space-time Trellis code translator, and the space-time Trellis code translator
  • the output and feedback information of the encoder is the input of the deinterleaver.
  • the output of the deinterleaver is one of the input of the turbo product code decoder and the feedback information.
  • the output of the turbo product code decoder is the decision output. And one of the constituent information of the feedback information.
  • the transmitting end described above may further include: a bit-to-symbol conversion device, a modulator, and an antenna; wherein: the encoded bits output by the Trellis code encoder are the input of a bit-to-symbol conversion device, and bit conversion The output of the signed conversion device is the input of the modulator, the output of the modulator is the input of the antenna, and the antenna transmits a signal.
  • the above uses two transmitting antennas, one receiving antenna and QPSK modulation as an example.
  • the same steps and methods can be used to promote the application of multiple transmitting antennas, multiple receiving antennas, and other modulation methods.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: adopting TPC as the outer code of cascade coding, reducing decoding complexity and decoding delay, reducing buffering overhead, and using an iterative translation between Turbo product code and space-time Trellis code Code, while gaining diversity gain, it also greatly increases the coding gain.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device according to the present invention, which uses two transmitting antennas and one receiving antenna;
  • FIG. 2 shows an edge in the Trellis grid according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a structural block diagram of the device according to the present invention using cascaded iterative decoding. detailed description
  • Figure 1 shows the concatenated coding of Turbo product code and space-time Trellis code (see reference [3]), using two transmitting antennas and one receiving antenna, using QPSK modulation.
  • the input bits are first ⁇ TPC coded, the coded bits are interleaved, the interleaved bits are then STTC coded, the cascaded coded bits are converted into symbols, and these symbols are modulated.
  • the modulated two signals x 1? X 2 transmits from two transmitting antennas respectively.
  • the channel fading between transmitting antenna 1 and receiving antenna is recorded as h ⁇ t
  • the channel fading between transmitting antenna 2 and receiving antenna is recorded as h 2 (t)
  • the signal received by the receiving antenna is recorded as y t
  • the received signal is interfered by white Gaussian noise
  • Figure 2 shows an edge e (or branch) in the Trellis grid.
  • the initial state of edge e is s s K (e ) and the final state is s ( e ), indicating k
  • An information word (including k Q bits) corresponding to edge e at time, c k (e) represents a symbol word (including n. Bits) corresponding to edge e at time k.
  • s, ( e ) .
  • ⁇ " (yi, y i + 1 ,.,., Yj)
  • the received sequence is ⁇ .
  • the sequence of information words is (u...,)
  • TPC decoding a variety of decoding algorithms can be used, and it is recommended to use the PML algorithm introduced in [6].
  • Figure 3 shows the iterative decoding structure diagram of the concatenation of Turbo product code and space-time Trellis code.
  • the STTC decoder has no prior information. Since the prior information is reliability defined by the likelihood ratio, the input value of the prior information can be zero, indicating that there is no prior information.
  • the reliability information is full information. Subtract the input prior information from the full information to obtain new information. After interleaving, it is sent to the TPC decoder for decoding. Similarly, the TPC decoder outputs full information, and subtracts the input prior information to obtain new information. The new information is fed back to the STTC decoder for priori. For information. In this way, iterative decoding is performed. After the last iteration is over, the output is judged with the full information output from the last TPC encoder.
  • TPC as the outer code of cascade coding reduces the decoding complexity and decoding delay, reduces the buffering overhead, and uses Turb (? Product code and space-time Trellis code Iterative decoding between them, while obtaining the diversity gain, also greatly improves the coding gain.

Abstract

A coding method and device for cascading the Turbo product code and Space-Time Trellis code (STTC), characterized in that: input bits are encoded at transmitting terminal by cascading the Turbo product code and Space-Time Trellis code (STTC); received signals are decoded at receiving terminal by iterating Turbo product code and Space-time Trellis code (STTC). Transmitting terminal includes at least a encoder which is cascade of a Turbo product encoder and a Space-Time Trellis decoder; receiving terminal includes at least a decoder which is also cascade of a turbo product decoderr and a space-Time Trellis decoder. The invention uses TPC as outer code of cascade coding, so it can reduce complexity and delay of decoding and decrease overhead of buffer; the invention uses iterative decoding between Turbo product code and Space-Time Trellis code (STTC), thus improves coding gain greatly while obtaining diversity gain.

Description

一种 Turbo乘积、码与时空 Tr e 11 i s码 级联的编码方法及装置  Coding method and device for turbo product, code and space-time Tr 11 i s code
技未领域 Technical field
本发明涉及通信技术领域, 其特别涉及一种用于通信系统的时空编码 方案, 具体的讲是一种 Turbo乘积码(TPC ) 与时空 Trel l i s码( STTC )级 联的编码方法及装置。 背景技术  The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a space-time coding scheme for a communication system, and in particular to a coding method and device for concatenating a Turbo Product Code (TPC) and a space-time Trellis code (STTC). Background technique
众所周知, 在衰落信道中, 信号的衰落将严重恶化系统的性能。 克服 衰落最有效的手段是采用分集技术。时空编码技术(参见参考文献 [1]、 [2]、  It is well known that in a fading channel, the fading of the signal will seriously degrade the performance of the system. The most effective way to overcome fading is to use diversity technology. Spatiotemporal coding techniques (see references [1], [2],
[3]- ), 可以同时获得分集增益和编码增益, 克服衰落的影响, 提高传输的 可靠性。  [3]-), can obtain diversity gain and coding gain at the same time, overcome the influence of fading, and improve the reliability of transmission.
近年来, 将时空编码与信道纠错码结合引起了人们的关注, 两者的有 效结合可以使系统在获得分集增益, 编码增益的同时还能获得额外的编码 增益, 从而大大提高系统的抗衰落性能和纠错性能。  In recent years, the combination of space-time coding and channel error correction codes has attracted people's attention. The effective combination of the two can enable the system to obtain diversity gain, and also gain additional coding gain while coding gain, thereby greatly improving the anti-fading of the system. Performance and error correction performance.
现有的系统大都采用卷积码 (参见参考文献 [4] )或者 Turbo码 (参见 参考文献 [5] ) 与时空码的结合, 这些方案的译码复杂度太高, 实际应用中 有一定的困难, 而且没有在信道糾错码和时空码之间进行迭代译码 , 不能 获得足够大的编码增益。  Most of the existing systems use convolutional codes (see reference [4]) or Turbo codes (see reference [5]) combined with spatio-temporal codes. The decoding complexity of these solutions is too high, and there is a certain degree in practical applications. Difficult, and without iterative decoding between the channel error correction code and the space-time code, a sufficient coding gain cannot be obtained.
发明内容 Summary of the Invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trel 1 i s码级联的编 码方法及装置, 用以降低译码的复杂性和译码时延, 减少緩存的开销, 并 且在获得分集增益的同时还可提高编码增益。  An object of the present invention is to provide a coding method and a device for concatenating a Turbo product code and a space-time Trell 1 is code, so as to reduce decoding complexity and decoding delay, reduce buffering overhead, and obtain diversity gain. At the same time, the coding gain can be increased.
本发明的技术方案为:  The technical solution of the present invention is:
一种 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trel l i s码级联的编码方法, 其中: 发射端 对输入比特采用 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trel l is码的级联编码; 接收端对所 接 的信号进行译码。 A concatenated encoding method of a Turbo product code and a spatio-temporal Trel lis code, wherein: a transmitting end uses a concatenated encoding of a turbo product code and a spatio-temporal Trel is code; The received signal is decoded.
所述的发射端对输入比特采用 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码的级联 编码是指: Turbo 乘积码为级联编码的外码, 时空 Trellis 码为级联编码 的内码; 在编码时, 先进行 Turbo乘积码编码, 对 Turbo乘积码编码后的 比 进行交织, 交织后的比特再进行时空 Trellis编码。  The concatenated encoding of the transmitting end using the Turbo product code and the space-time Trellis code refers to: the turbo product code is the outer code of the cascade encoding, and the space-time Trellis code is the inner code of the cascade encoding; when encoding, first The turbo product code is encoded, and the ratio after the turbo product code is encoded is interleaved, and the interleaved bits are then subjected to space-time Trellis encoding.
所述的接收端对所接收的信号进行译码是指: 接收端对所接收的信号 采用 Turbo乘积码译码和时空 Trellis码译码之间的迭代译码。  The decoding of the received signal by the receiving end means: the receiving end uses an iterative decoding between the turbo product code decoding and the space-time Trellis code decoding on the received signal.
所述的发射端对输入比特采用 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码的级联 编码的步骤包括:  The step of the transmitting end using concatenated coding of turbo product codes and space-time Trellis codes for input bits includes:
在编码时, 对输入比特先进行 Turbo乘积码编码;  When encoding, first perform turbo product code encoding on the input bits;
对 Turbo乘积码编码后的比特进行交织;  Interleave the encoded bits of the Turbo product code;
交织后的比特再进行时空 Trellis编码;  The interleaved bits are then space-time Trellis encoded;
, 級联编码后的比特转换成符号;  Cascade-coded bits are converted into symbols;
对所述的符号进行调制;  Modulating said symbol;
调制后的信号从发射天线上发射出去。  The modulated signal is transmitted from the transmitting antenna.
所述的接收端对所接收的信号采用了 Turbo乘积码译码和时空 Trellis 码译码之间的迭代译码的步骤包括: '  The receiving end uses the iterative decoding between the turbo product code decoding and the spatio-temporal Trellis code decoding on the received signal, and the steps include: '
在第一次译码时, 时空 Trellis 码译码没有先验信息, 可让似然比先 验信息的输入值为零;  When decoding for the first time, there is no prior information in the spatio-temporal Trellis decoding, so that the input value of the likelihood ratio prior information is zero;
时空 Trellis码译码 居接收到的信号序列,译码得到相应信息在比特 The space-time Trellis code decodes the received signal sequence, and decodes to obtain the corresponding information in bits.
.级上的可靠性, 这时的可靠性信息是全信息; . Reliability at the level, the reliability information at this time is full information;
用全信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息;  Subtract the entered prior information from the full information to get new information;
把所述的新信息经过反交织后进行 Turbo乘积码译码;  Turbo-product code decodes the new information after de-interleaving;
同样 Turbo乘积码译码输出的是全信息;  Similarly, turbo product code decoding outputs full information;
; 用全信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息;  ; Subtract the entered prior information from the full information to get new information;
把这些新信息反馈给时空 Trellis码译码做先验信息用; 重复以上所述步驟进行迭代译码; Feedback these new information to the space-time Trellis code decoding for prior information; Repeat the steps described above for iterative decoding;
. 在最后一次迭代结束后, 用最后一次 Turbo 乘积码译码输出的全信息 判决输出。  After the last iteration is over, the full information decoded by the last Turbo product code is used to judge the output.
所述的调制可以采用 QPSK调制。  The modulation can be QPSK modulation.
所述的调制可以采用其他常规调制方式。  The modulation may use other conventional modulation methods.
所述的天线可以采用一个以上发射天线的发射和一个以上接收天线的 接 。  The antenna may adopt the transmission of more than one transmitting antenna and the connection of more than one receiving antenna.
所述的天线可采用两个发射天线的发射和一个接收天线的接收。  The antenna can use two transmitting antennas for transmission and one receiving antenna for reception.
所述的 Turbo乘积码译码可为任何 Turbo乘积码的译码算法, 这里推 荐采用 PML译码算法; 所述的时空 Trellis码译码可采用多种译码算法, 这 给出一种 LOG-MAP译码算法。  The turbo product code decoding can be any turbo product code decoding algorithm, and a PML decoding algorithm is recommended here. The spatio-temporal Trellis code decoding can use multiple decoding algorithms. This gives a LOG- MAP decoding algorithm.
所述的方法, 其步骤进一步包括:  In the method, the steps further include:
在编码时:  When coding:
对输入比特先进行 Turbo乘积码编码;  First encode the input bits by Turbo product code;
s对 Turbo乘积码编码后的比特进行交织;  s interleave the bits coded by the Turbo product code;
交织后的比特再进行时空 Trellis编码;  The interleaved bits are then space-time Trellis encoded;
级联编码后的两路比特分别转换成符号;  The two bits after concatenated coding are converted into symbols respectively;
对所述的符号分别进行 QPSK调制;  Performing QPSK modulation on the symbols respectively;
=调制后的两路信号 x15 x2分别从两个发射天线上发射出去; = Two modulated signals x 15 x 2 are transmitted from two transmitting antennas respectively;
设在 t 时刻, 第一个发射天线和接收 线之间的信道衰落为 ω ,第 二个发射天线和接收天线之间的信道衰落为 h2(t) , 接收天线收到的信号记 为 yt,接收信号受到高斯白噪声的干扰, 噪声的双边功率谱密度记为 At time t, the channel fading between the first transmitting antenna and the receiving line is ω, the channel fading between the second transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is h 2 (t), and the signal received by the receiving antenna is recorded as y t , the received signal is interfered by white Gaussian noise, and the bilateral power spectral density of the noise is recorded as
, 这样有: , This has:
在译码时:  When decoding:
所述的 Turbo乘积码译码可为 PML译码, 所述的时空 Trellis码译码 可为 LOG- MAP译码; The turbo product code decoding may be PML decoding, and the spatio-temporal Trellis code decoding Can be decoded for LOG-MAP;
在第一次译码时, 时空 Trellis 码译码没有先验信息, 可让似然比先 猃信息的输入值为零;  When decoding for the first time, there is no prior information for the spatio-temporal Trellis decoding, which can make the input value of the likelihood ratio than the previous martingale information zero;
时空 Trellis 码译码根据接收到的信号序列 γ = ( y1? y2, yN ),译 码得到相应信息在比特级上的可靠性, 其中: 译码算法中的先验信息是 ln[P =u)], 即是符号级上的; 而 TPC译码器的输出是用比特级的似然比定 义的可靠性, 所以要进行转换, 所述转换需满足下列条件: The spatio-temporal Trellis code decoding is based on the received signal sequence γ = (y 1? Y 2 , y N ), and decodes to obtain the reliability of the corresponding information at the bit level, where: the prior information in the decoding algorithm is ln [ P = u)], that is, at the symbol level; and the output of the TPC decoder is the reliability defined by the likelihood ratio at the bit level, so to perform the conversion, the conversion must meet the following conditions:
+ ;还要进一步 4巴 In [P (uk=u I γ「) ]转换成比特级的似然比, 所述转换需满 足下列条件: + ; A further 4 bar In [P (u k = u I γ “)] is converted into a bit-likelihood ratio. The conversion must satisfy the following conditions:
' 这时的可靠性信息是全信息;  'The reliability information at this time is full;
用全信息减去输入的先检信息得到新信息;  New information is obtained by subtracting the entered pre-test information from the full information;
把所述的新信息经过反交织后进行 Turbo乘积码译码;  Turbo-product code decodes the new information after de-interleaving;
同样 Turbo乘积码译码输出的是全信息;  Similarly, turbo product code decoding outputs full information;
' 用全信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息;  'Subtract the entered prior information from the full information to get new information;
把这些新信息反馈给时空 Trellis码译码做先验信息用;  Feedback these new information to the spatio-temporal Trellis code for prior information;
重复以上所述译码步骤进行迭代译码;  Repeat the decoding steps described above for iterative decoding;
在最后一次迭代结束后, 用最后一次 Turbo 乘积码译码输出的全信息 判决输出。  After the last iteration is completed, the full information decoded by the last Turbo product code is used to judge the output.
一种 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码级联的编码装置, 其中: 发射端 至少包括 Turbo乘积码编码器和时空 Trellis码编码器级联构成的编码装 置;  An encoding device in which a turbo product code and a spatio-temporal Trellis code are cascaded, wherein: a transmitting end includes at least an encoding device in which a turbo product code encoder and a spatio-temporal Trellis code encoder are cascaded;
接收端至少包括 Turbo乘积码译码器和时空 Trellis码译码器级联构 成的译码装置。 The receiver includes at least a turbo product code decoder and a spatio-temporal Trellis code decoder. Into a decoding device.
所述的发射端的编码装置可包括: Turbo乘积码编码器、 时空 Trellis 码编码器、 交织器; 其中: 输入比特为 Turbo乘积码编码器的输入, Turbo 乘^码编码器的输出为交织器的输入, 交织器的输出为 Trellis 码编码器 的输入, Trellis码编码器的输出为编码后的比特。  The encoding device at the transmitting end may include: a turbo product code encoder, a space-time Trellis code encoder, and an interleaver; wherein: the input bits are inputs of the turbo product code encoder, and the output of the turbo product code encoder is an interleaver Input, the output of the interleaver is the input of the Trellis code encoder, and the output of the Trellis code encoder is the encoded bits.
所述的接收端的译码装置可包括: Turbo乘积码译码器、 时空 Trellis 码译码器、 反交织器; 其中: 接收信号序列和反馈信息为时空 Trellis 码 译 器的输入, 时空 Trellis 码译码器的输出和反馈信息为反交织器的输 入, 反交织器的输出分别为 Turbo 乘积码译码器的输入以及反馈信息的组 成信息之一, Turbo 乘积码译码器的输出分别为判决输出以及反馈信息的 组成信息之一。  The decoding device at the receiving end may include: a turbo product code decoder, a space-time Trellis code decoder, and an deinterleaver; wherein: the received signal sequence and feedback information are inputs of the space-time Trellis code translator, and the space-time Trellis code translator The output and feedback information of the encoder is the input of the deinterleaver. The output of the deinterleaver is one of the input of the turbo product code decoder and the feedback information. The output of the turbo product code decoder is the decision output. And one of the constituent information of the feedback information.
' '所述的发射端还可包括: 比特转换成符号的转换装置、 调制器、 天线; • 其中: Trellis 码编码器输出的编码后的比特为比特转换成符号的转换装 置的输入, 比特转换成符号的转换装置的输出为调制器的输入, 调制器的 输出为天线的输入, 天线发射信号。  The transmitting end described above may further include: a bit-to-symbol conversion device, a modulator, and an antenna; wherein: the encoded bits output by the Trellis code encoder are the input of a bit-to-symbol conversion device, and bit conversion The output of the signed conversion device is the input of the modulator, the output of the modulator is the input of the antenna, and the antenna transmits a signal.
' 以上以两个发射天线一个接收天线并采用 QPSK调制为例, 可以用相同 的步骤和方法推广应用于多个发射天线多个接收天线并釆用其他调制方式 的情况。  The above uses two transmitting antennas, one receiving antenna and QPSK modulation as an example. The same steps and methods can be used to promote the application of multiple transmitting antennas, multiple receiving antennas, and other modulation methods.
本发明的有益效果为: 采用 TPC作为级联编码的外码, 降低了译码的 复杂性和译码时延,减少了緩存的开销,采用了 Turbo乘积码和时空 Trellis 码之间的迭代译码 , 在获得分集增益的同时还大大提高了编码增益。  The beneficial effects of the present invention are: adopting TPC as the outer code of cascade coding, reducing decoding complexity and decoding delay, reducing buffering overhead, and using an iterative translation between Turbo product code and space-time Trellis code Code, while gaining diversity gain, it also greatly increases the coding gain.
附图说明  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图 1示出了本发明所述装置, 采用两个发射天线和一个接收天线的结构 框图;  FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device according to the present invention, which uses two transmitting antennas and one receiving antenna;
图 2示出了本发明所述 Trellis栅格中的一条边;  FIG. 2 shows an edge in the Trellis grid according to the present invention;
图 3示出了本发明所述装置, 采用级联的迭代译码的结构框图。 具体实施方式 FIG. 3 shows a structural block diagram of the device according to the present invention using cascaded iterative decoding. detailed description
为了便于描述, 在这里我们以两个发射天线一个接收天线和 QPSK为例 进行说明, 可以推广到多个发射天线多个接收天线和其它调制方案。  For the convenience of description, here we take two transmitting antennas, one receiving antenna and QPSK as examples for illustration, which can be extended to multiple transmitting antennas, multiple receiving antennas, and other modulation schemes.
如图 1所示为 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码(参见参考文献 [3] ) 的 级联编码, 采用两个发射天线一个接收天线, 采用 QPSK调制。 输入比特首 先 ±行 TPC编码 , 编码后的比特经过交织, 交织后的比特再经过 STTC编码, 级联编码后的比特转换成符号, 对这些符号进行调制, 调制后的两路信号 x1? x2分别从两个发射天线上发射出去。 假设在 t 时刻, 发射天线 1 和接 收天线之间的信道衰落记为 h^t),发射天线 2和接收天线之间的信道衰落 记 h2 (t) , 接收天线收到的信号记为 yt,接收信号受到高斯白噪声的干扰, 噪声的双边功率谱密度记为 σ2=Ν。/2 。 这样有: Figure 1 shows the concatenated coding of Turbo product code and space-time Trellis code (see reference [3]), using two transmitting antennas and one receiving antenna, using QPSK modulation. The input bits are first ± TPC coded, the coded bits are interleaved, the interleaved bits are then STTC coded, the cascaded coded bits are converted into symbols, and these symbols are modulated. The modulated two signals x 1? X 2 transmits from two transmitting antennas respectively. Suppose that at time t, the channel fading between transmitting antenna 1 and receiving antenna is recorded as h ^ t), the channel fading between transmitting antenna 2 and receiving antenna is recorded as h 2 (t), and the signal received by the receiving antenna is recorded as y t , the received signal is interfered by white Gaussian noise, and the bilateral power spectral density of the noise is recorded as σ 2 = N. /2 . This has:
yt=h1(t)x1 + h2(t)x2 + vt (1) 关于时空 Trellis 码的译码可以采用多种译码算法,这里给出一种 LOG- MAP算法, 算法描述如下: y t = h 1 (t) x 1 + h 2 (t) x 2 + v t (1) There are many decoding algorithms for the decoding of space-time Trellis codes. Here is a LOG-MAP algorithm. Described as follows:
为了描述清楚, 图 2所示为 Trellis栅格中的一条边 e (或者称为分 支), 在 k时刻边 e的起始状态为 s s K(e)末状态为 s(e), 表示 k时刻与边 e对应的信息字 (包含 kQ个比特), ck(e)表示 k时刻与边 e对应的符号字 (包含 n。个比特 )。 在一个连续的状态序列中 s ,(e) = 。 定义 γ「= (yi,yi+1, .,.,yj), 接收序列为 γ 。 信息字序列为 (u .··, ) ,用 u 表示一个信息字 (包含 k。个比特), u1, i=l,2,..,k。表示信息字 u的第 i个 比特分量。 For clarity, Figure 2 shows an edge e (or branch) in the Trellis grid. At time k, the initial state of edge e is s s K (e ) and the final state is s ( e ), indicating k An information word (including k Q bits) corresponding to edge e at time, c k (e) represents a symbol word (including n. Bits) corresponding to edge e at time k. In a continuous sequence of states, s, ( e ) = . Define γ "= (yi, y i + 1 ,.,., Yj), and the received sequence is γ. The sequence of information words is (u...,), And u represents an information word (including k. Bits), u 1 , i = l, 2, .., k. represent the i-th bit component of the information word u.
这样有: p(Uk = u|Y) There are: p (U k = u | Y)
= -^Λ ∑Pfe (e),S ),Y「. =-^ Λ ΣPfe (e), S), Y``.
pYi j e:u(e)=u PfeS k(e)'SX Y; pYi j e: u ( e ) = u Pfe S k ( e ) 'SX Y;
- P(Y:LlSE K(e))' lfee),YKlSSJ. PfeS K(e),Y -P (Y: LlS E K (e)) 'lfee), Y K lS S J. Pfe S K (e), Y
其中: (4) among them: (4)
MK(e) = Pfe (e),YKISSJ (5) P(Y lS【(e)) (6) = P(S【(e) = s,Y) M K (e) = Pfe (e), Y K IS S J (5) P (Y lS ((e)) (6) = P (S [(e) = s, Y)
- ∑ns ) = S,Yk I ss K(e)) · p(ss K(e),Y— ') -∑ns) = S, Y k I s s K (e)) · p (s s K (e), Y— ')
e:SK(e)=s e : S K ( e ) = s
( (
P(YK+2 I P(S (e)' YK+11 S ) = s P (YK +2 I P (S ( e ) 'Y K + 1 1 S) = s
MK(e)= Pfe )'YKISS K(e) M K ( e ) = P fe) 'Y K IS S K (e)
P(YK 1 SS K(e),SX (e) I S【(e)) P (Y K 1 S S K (e), SX (e) IS ((e))
P(YKlSS K(e),UK = u) P (Y K lS S K (e), U K = u)
ln[MK(e)] ln [M K (e)]
二丄 YK - - Sl + h2 · s2)|2 + ln[P(uk = u)] (11) ln[AK(S (e) = s)] Two unitary Y K -- Sl + h 2 · s 2 ) | 2 + ln [P (u k = u)] (11) ln [A K (S (e) = s)]
= ma ln(MK(e)) + ln(AK_1(SS K(e))) = ma ln (M K (e)) + ln (A K _ 1 (S S K (e)))
= e max_s ln[B K+1 (SL, (e))] + ^[MK+1 (e)] (12) = e max_ s ln [B K + 1 (SL, ( e ))] + ^ [M K + 1 (e)] (12)
= max ln[AK_,(^(e) - s)]+lnPK(^(e) = s)]+ln|MK(e)] (13) = max ln [A K _, (^ (e)-s)] + lnP K (^ (e) = s)] + ln | M K (e)] (13)
e:u(e)=u  e: u (e) = u
. 前面算法中的先验信息是 ln[P(Uk = U)] , 即是符号级上的, 而 TPC译码器 的输出是用比特级的似然比定义的可靠性, 所以要进一步把它换算成 ln[P(uk = u)] , 换算算法如下: 按照似然比的定义: (14)The prior information in the previous algorithm is ln [P (Uk = U )], which is at the symbol level, and the output of the TPC decoder is based on the reliability of the bit-likelihood ratio definition, so we need to further It is converted to ln [P (u k = u)], and the conversion algorithm is as follows: According to the definition of likelihood ratio: (14)
e  e
P(u;=l)= P (u ; = l) =
l + e^ l + e ^
总之有: P(u!=b)= b=0,l In short: P (u ! = B) = b = 0, l
1 + e  1 + e
现在计算得到的 In [P (uk=u I γ「) ]是在已知接收序列 γ「时判断信息字 序列中的第 k个信息字 uk等于 u的概率的自然对数值。 由于 TPC译码器的 输入输出均是用比特级的似然比定义的可靠性, 所以在这里还要进一步把 In [P (uk=u I γ「) ]换算称比特级的似然比, 换算算法如下: In [P (u k = u I γ ")] calculated now is the information word when the received sequence γ" is known The natural logarithm of the probability that the k-th information word u k in the sequence is equal to u. Since input and output are TPC decoder with bit-likelihood ratio defined reliability, so here will be further the In [P (u k = u I γ ")] in terms of a likelihood ratio, said bit level The conversion algorithm is as follows:
- 用 u'k表示信息字 的第 i个比特分量。 -Let u'k denote the i-th bit component of the information word.
InIn
关于 TPC译码可以采用多种译码算法,这里推荐采用文献 [6]中介绍的 PML算法。 Regarding TPC decoding, a variety of decoding algorithms can be used, and it is recommended to use the PML algorithm introduced in [6].
如图 3所示为 Turbo乘积码和时空 Trel l is码级联的迭代译码结构图。 在第一次译码时, STTC译码器没有先验信息, 由于先验信息是用似然比定 义的可靠性, 所以可让先验信息的输入值为零, 表示没有先验信息。 STTC 译码器根据接收到的信号序列 γ = ( y1 ; y2, . . .,yN )译码得到相应于图 1 中Figure 3 shows the iterative decoding structure diagram of the concatenation of Turbo product code and space-time Trellis code. In the first decoding, the STTC decoder has no prior information. Since the prior information is reliability defined by the likelihood ratio, the input value of the prior information can be zero, indicating that there is no prior information. The STTC decoder decodes according to the received signal sequence γ = (y 1; y 2 ,..., Y N ) to obtain a signal corresponding to that in FIG. 1.
13 处的信息在比特级上的可靠性(用似然比定义), 这时的可靠性信息是 全笮息, 用全信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息, 把这些新信息经过反 交织后送给 TPC译码器进行译码, 同样 TPC译码器输出的是全信息, 用全 信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息, 把这些新信息反馈给 STTC译码器做 先验信息用。 如此进行迭代译码。 在最后一次迭代结束后, 用最后一次 TPC 码器输出的全信息判决输出。 The reliability of the information at the bit level (defined by the likelihood ratio) at 13 places. At this time, the reliability information is full information. Subtract the input prior information from the full information to obtain new information. After interleaving, it is sent to the TPC decoder for decoding. Similarly, the TPC decoder outputs full information, and subtracts the input prior information to obtain new information. The new information is fed back to the STTC decoder for priori. For information. In this way, iterative decoding is performed. After the last iteration is over, the output is judged with the full information output from the last TPC encoder.
从本发明的具体实施方式可见: 采用 TPC作为级联编码的外码, 降低 了译码的复杂性和译码时延, 减少了緩存的开销, 采用了 Turb (? 乘积码和 时空 Trel l i s 码之间的迭代译码, 在获得分集增益的同时还大大提高了编 .码增益。  It can be seen from the specific embodiments of the present invention that the use of TPC as the outer code of cascade coding reduces the decoding complexity and decoding delay, reduces the buffering overhead, and uses Turb (? Product code and space-time Trellis code Iterative decoding between them, while obtaining the diversity gain, also greatly improves the coding gain.
以上具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明, 而非用于限定本发明。 参考文献 The above specific implementations are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not intended to limit the present invention. references
.. [1] Siavash M. Alamouti, "A simple Transmit Diversity Technique for Wireless Communications," IEEE Journal on select areas in communications. Vol. 16. NO.8, October 1998.  .. [1] Siavash M. Alamouti, "A simple Transmit Diversity Technique for Wireless Communications," IEEE Journal on select areas in communications. Vol. 16. NO.8, October 1998.
[2] Valiid Tarokh, Hamid Jafark ani and A. Robert Calderbank, "Space-Time Block [2] Valiid Tarokh, Hamid Jafark ani and A. Robert Calderbank, "Space-Time Block
Coding for Wireless Communications: Performance Results IEEE Journal on select areas in communications. Vol. 17. NO.3, March 1999. Coding for Wireless Communications: Performance Results IEEE Journal on select areas in communications. Vol. 17. NO.3, March 1999.
[3] V. Tarokh, N. Ses adri, and A. R. Calderbank, "Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communication: Performance Criterion and Code Construction," IEEE Trans. IT, 44(2): 744-765, Mar. 1998.  [3] V. Tarokh, N. Ses adri, and AR Calderbank, "Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communication: Performance Criterion and Code Construction," IEEE Trans. IT, 44 (2): 744-765, Mar . 1998.
[4] Zhipei Chi, Zhongfeng Wang and Keshab K. Parhi, "Iterative Decoding of Space- Time Trellis Codes and Related Implementation Issues," Signals, Systems and Computers, 2000. Conference Record of the Thirty-Fourth Asilomar Conference on, Volume: 1, 2000 page(s): 562-566 vol.1  [4] Zhipei Chi, Zhongfeng Wang and Keshab K. Parhi, "Iterative Decoding of Space- Time Trellis Codes and Related Implementation Issues," Signals, Systems and Computers, 2000. Conference Record of the Thirty-Fourth Asilomar Conference on, Volume: 1, 2000 page (s): 562-566 vol.1
[5] Gerhard Bauch, "Concatenation of Space-Time Block Codes and "Turbo"-TCM," [5] Gerhard Bauch, "Concatenation of Space-Time Block Codes and" Turbo "-TCM,"
Communications, 1999. ICC'99. 1999 IEEE International Conference on, 1999 page(s): 1202- 1206 vol.2 Communications, 1999. ICC'99. 1999 IEEE International Conference on, 1999 page (s): 1202- 1206 vol. 2
= [6] United States patent, patent NO:5,930,272 = [6] United States patent, patent NO: 5,930,272

Claims

权 利 要 求 Rights request
1. 一种 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码级联的编码方法, 其中: 发射 端对输入比特采用 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码的级联编码; 接收端对 所接收的信号进行译码。 1. A concatenated coding method of a Turbo product code and a spatio-temporal Trellis code, wherein: a transmitting end uses a concatenated coding of a turbo product code and a spatio-temporal Trellis code for input bits; a receiving end decodes a received signal.
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的发射端对输入比 特采用 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码的级联编码是指: Turbo乘积码为 级联编码的外码, 时空 Trellis 码为级联编码的内码; 在编码时, 先进行 Turbo 乘积码编码, 对 Turbo 乘积码编码后的比特进行交织, 交织后的比 特再进行时空 Trellis编码。  2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting end uses a concatenated encoding of a Turbo product code and a space-time Trellis code for the input bits, wherein the turbo product code is an outer code of concatenated encoding, space-time The Trellis code is a concatenated inner code. When coding, turbo product code coding is performed first, the bits coded by the turbo product code are interleaved, and the interleaved bits are then time-space Trellis coded.
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的接收端对所接收 的信号进行译码是指: 接收端对所接收的信号采用 Turbo 乘积码译码和时 空 Trellis码译码之间的迭代译码。  3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the decoding of the received signal by the receiving end means: the receiving end uses turbo product code decoding and space-time Trellis code decoding for the received signal. Iterative decoding between.
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的发射端对输入比 特采用 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码的级联编码是指: Turbo乘积码为 级联编码的外码, 时空 Trellis 码为级联编码的内码; 在编码时, 先进行 Turbo 乘积码编码, 对 Turbo 乘积码编码后的比特进行交织, 交织后的比 特再进行时空 Trellis编码;  4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting end uses a concatenated encoding of a turbo product code and a space-time Trellis code for the input bits, wherein the turbo product code is an outer code of concatenated encoding, space-time Trellis code is the inner code of concatenated coding; when coding, turbo product code coding is performed first, the bits after turbo product code coding are interleaved, and the interleaved bits are then subjected to space-time Trellis coding;
所述的接收端对所接收的信号进行译码是指: 接收端对所接收的信号 采用 Turbo乘积码译码和时空 Trel 1 is码译码之间的迭代译码。  The decoding of the received signal by the receiving end means: the receiving end uses an iterative decoding between the turbo product code decoding and the space-time Trel 1 is code decoding on the received signal.
5. 根据权利要求 4 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的发射端对输入 比特采用 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码的级联编码的步驟包括:  5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step of the transmitting end using concatenated encoding of turbo product codes and space-time Trellis codes for input bits comprises:
在编码时, 对输入比特先进行 Turbo乘积码编码;  When encoding, first perform turbo product code encoding on the input bits;
对 Turbo乘积码编码后的比特进行交织;  Interleave the encoded bits of the Turbo product code;
交织后的比特再进行时空 Trellis编码;  The interleaved bits are then space-time Trellis encoded;
级联编码后的比特转换成符号; 对所述的符号进行调制; The concatenated bits are converted into symbols; Modulating said symbol;
>调制后的信号从发射天线上发射出去。  > The modulated signal is transmitted from the transmitting antenna.
6. 根据权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的接收端对所接收 的信号采用了 Turbo乘积码译码和时空 Trel l is码译码之间的迭代译码的 步骤包括:  6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step of the receiver using iterative decoding between turbo product code decoding and space-time Trellis code decoding on the received signal comprises:
,在第一次译码时, 时空 Trel l is 码译码没有先验信息, 可让似然比先 验信息的输入值为零;  In the first decoding, the spatio-temporal is code decoding has no prior information, and the likelihood value of the prior information can be zero.
时空 Trel l i s码译码根据接收到的信号序列,译码得到相应信息在比特 级上的可靠性, 这时的可靠性信息是全信息;  The space-time Trel l s code decoding is based on the received signal sequence and decodes to obtain the reliability of the corresponding information at the bit level. At this time, the reliability information is full information;
. ;用全信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息; . ; Subtract the entered prior information from the full information to get new information;
把所述的新信息经过反交织后进行 Turbo乘积码译码;  Turbo-product code decodes the new information after de-interleaving;
同样 Turbo乘积码译码输出的是全信息;  Similarly, turbo product code decoding outputs full information;
用全信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息;  Subtract the entered prior information from the full information to get new information;
'把这些新信息反馈给时空 Trel l is码译码做先验信息用;  'Feed back this new information to the space-time Trel l is code decoding for prior information;
重复以上所述步骤进行迭代译码;  Repeat the above steps for iterative decoding;
在最后一次迭代结束后, 用最后一次 Turbo 乘积码译码输出的全信息 判决输出。  After the last iteration is completed, the full information decoded by the last Turbo product code is used to judge the output.
.  .
7. 根据权利要求 4所述的方法, 其步骤包括: 7. The method according to claim 4, comprising the steps of:
在编码时:  When coding:
对输入比特先进行 Turbo乘积码编码;  First encode the input bits by Turbo product code;
对 Turbo乘积码编码后的比特进行交织;  Interleave the encoded bits of the Turbo product code;
. 交织后的比特再进行时空 Trel l is编码;  . The interleaved bits are then time-space Trell is encoded;
级联编码后的比特转换成符号;  The concatenated bits are converted into symbols;
对所述的符号进行调制;  Modulating said symbol;
调制后的信号从发射天线上发射出去;  The modulated signal is transmitted from the transmitting antenna;
,在译码时: 在第一次译码时, 时空 Trel l is 码译码没有先验信息, 可让先验信息 的输入值为零; When decoding: In the first decoding, the spatio-temporal is code decoding has no prior information, and the input value of the prior information can be zero;
时空 Trel l i s码译码根据接收到的信号序列,译码得到相应信息在比特 级 的可靠性, 这时的可靠性信息是全信息;  Space-time Trel l s code decoding is based on the received signal sequence and decodes to obtain the reliability of the corresponding information at the bit level. At this time, the reliability information is full information;
用全信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息;  Subtract the entered prior information from the full information to get new information;
把所述的新信息经过反交织后进行 Turbo乘积码译码;  Turbo-product code decodes the new information after de-interleaving;
同样 Turbo乘积码译码输出的是全信息;  Similarly, turbo product code decoding outputs full information;
用全信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息;  Subtract the entered prior information from the full information to get new information;
把这些新信息反馈给时空 Trel l i s码译码做先险信息用;  Feedback these new information to the space-time Trel l s code decoding for risk information;
重复以上所述译码步骤进行迭代译码;  Repeat the decoding steps described above for iterative decoding;
在最后一次迭代结束后, 用最后一次 Turbo 乘积码译码输出的全信息 判决输出。  After the last iteration is completed, the full information decoded by the last Turbo product code is used to judge the output.
8.根据权利要求 7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的调制可以采用 QPSK 调制。  The method according to claim 7, characterized in that said modulation can use QPSK modulation.
9. 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的调制可以采用其 他常规调制方式。  9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the modulation can use other conventional modulation methods.
10. 根据权利要求 7 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的天线可以采用 一个以上发射天线的发射和一个以上接收天线的接收。  10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the antennas can use the transmission of more than one transmitting antenna and the reception of more than one receiving antenna.
11. 据权利要求 7 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的天线可以采用 两个发射天线的发射和一个接收天线的接收。  11. The method according to claim 7, wherein the antennas can use two transmitting antennas for transmission and one receiving antenna for reception.
12. 艮据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的 Turbo乘积码 译码可为 PML译码;  12. The method according to claim 7, wherein the turbo product code decoding is PML decoding;
所述的时空 Trel 1 i s码译码可为 LOG-MAP译码。  The space-time Trel 1 is code decoding can be LOG-MAP decoding.
13. 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其步驟进一步包括:  13. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
在编码时:  When coding:
对输入比特先进行 Turbo乘积码编码; 对 Turbo乘积码编码后的比特进行交织; Encode the input bits with Turbo product code first; Interleave the encoded bits of the Turbo product code;
交织后的比特再进行时空 Trellis编码;  The interleaved bits are then space-time Trellis encoded;
级联编码后的两路比特分别转换成符号;  The two bits after concatenated coding are converted into symbols respectively;
对所述的符号分别进行 QPSK调制;  Performing QPSK modulation on the symbols respectively;
调制后的两路信号 x15 x2分别从两个发射天线上发射出去; The two modulated signals x 15 x 2 are transmitted from two transmitting antennas respectively;
设在 t 时刻, 第一个发射天线和接收天线之间的信道衰落为 h^t),第 二个发射天线和接收天线之间的信道衰落为 h2(t), 接收天线收到的信号记 为 yt,接收信号受到高斯白噪声的干扰, 噪声的双边功率谱密度记为 (^=^/2 , 这样有: At time t, the channel fading between the first transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is h ^ t), and the channel fading between the second transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is h 2 (t). The signal received by the receiving antenna Let y t be the received signal interfered with by Gaussian white noise. The bilateral power spectral density of the noise is written as (^ = ^ / 2, so that:
yt=h1(t)x1 + h2(t)x2 + vt y t = h 1 (t) x 1 + h 2 (t) x 2 + v t
在译码时: 所述的 Turbo乘积码译码可为 PML译码, 所述的时空 Trellis码译码 可为 LOG- MAP译码;  When decoding: the turbo product code decoding may be PML decoding, and the spatio-temporal Trellis code decoding may be LOG-MAP decoding;
在第一次译码时, 时空 Trellis 码译码没有先验信息, 可让似然比先 验信息的输入值为零;  When decoding for the first time, there is no prior information in the spatio-temporal Trellis decoding.
时空 Trellis 码译码根据接收到的信号序列 = ( yl3 y2, yN ) ,译 码得到相应信息在比特级上的可靠性, 其中: 先验信息是 ln[P(Uk=U)], 即是 符号级上的; 而 TPC译码器的输出是用比特级的似然比定义的可靠性, 所 以要进行转换, 所述转换需满足下列条件: The spatio-temporal Trellis code decoding is based on the received signal sequence = (y l3 y 2 , y N ), and the decoding obtains the reliability of the corresponding information at the bit level, where: the prior information is ln [P (Uk = U) ] , Which is at the symbol level; and the output of the TPC decoder is the reliability defined by the likelihood ratio at the bit level, so to perform the conversion, the conversion must meet the following conditions:
还要进一步把 In [P (¾=u I Y ]转换成比特级的似然比, 所述转换需满 足下列条件: It is further necessary to convert In [P (¾ = u I Y ]) to a bit-level likelihood ratio. The conversion must meet the following conditions:
这时的可靠性信息是全信息;  The reliability information at this time is full information;
用全信息減去输入的先验信息得到新信息, -把所述的新信息经过反交织后进行 Turbo乘积码译码; Subtract the entered prior information from the full information to get new information, -De-interleave the new information with Turbo product code decoding;
同样 Turbo乘积码译码输出的是全信息;  Similarly, turbo product code decoding outputs full information;
用全信息减去输入的先验信息得到新信息;  Subtract the entered prior information from the full information to get new information;
把这些新信息反馈给时空 Trellis码译码做先验信息用;  Feedback these new information to the spatio-temporal Trellis code for prior information;
重复以上所述译码步驟进行迭代译码;  Repeat the decoding steps described above for iterative decoding;
在最后一次迭代结束后, 用最后一次 Turbo 乘积码译码输出的全信息 判决输出。  After the last iteration is completed, the full information decoded by the last Turbo product code is used to judge the output.
14. 一种 Turbo乘积码与时空 Trellis码级联的编码装置, 其中: 发 射端至少包括 Turbo乘积码编码器和时空 Trellis码编码器级联构成的编 码装置;  14. An encoding device in which a turbo product code is cascaded with a spatio-temporal Trellis code, wherein: the transmitting end includes at least an encoding device in which a turbo product code encoder and a spatio-temporal Trellis code encoder are cascaded;
接收端至少包括 Turbo乘积码译码器和时空 Trellis码译码器级联构 成的译码装置。  The receiving end includes at least a decoding device composed of a turbo product code decoder and a spatio-temporal Trellis code decoder.
.  .
15. 居权利要求 14所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述的发射端的编码 装置可包括: Turbo 乘积码编码器、 时空 Trellis 码编码器、 交织器; 其 中: 输入比特为 Turbo 乘积码编码器的输入, Turbo 乘积码编码器的输出 为交织器的输入, 交织器的输出为 Trellis码编码器的输入, Trellis码 编码器的输出为编码后的比特。 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the encoding device at the transmitting end comprises: a turbo product code encoder, a space-time Trellis code encoder, and an interleaver; wherein: the input bits are turbo product code encoders. The output of the Turbo product code encoder is the input of the interleaver, the output of the interleaver is the input of the Trellis code encoder, and the output of the Trellis code encoder is the encoded bits.
16. 根据权利要求 14所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述的接收端的译码 装置可包括: Turbo 乘积码译码器、 时空 Trellis 码译码器、 反交织器; 其中: 接收信号序列和反馈信息为时空 Trellis 码译码器的输入, 时空 Trellis 码译码器的输出和反馈信息为反交织器的输入, 反交织器的输出 分别为 Turbo 乘积码译码器的输入以及反馈信息的组成信息之一, Turbo 乘积码译码器的输出分別为判决输出以及反馈信息的組成信息之一。  16. The device according to claim 14, wherein the decoding device at the receiving end comprises: a turbo product code decoder, a space-time Trellis code decoder, and a deinterleaver; wherein: the received signal sequence and The feedback information is the input of the space-time Trellis code decoder. The output and feedback information of the space-time Trellis code decoder is the input of the deinterleaver. The output of the deinterleaver is the input of the turbo product code decoder and the composition of the feedback information. One of the information, the output of the turbo product code decoder is one of the constituent information of the decision output and the feedback information.
17. 根据权利要求 14所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述的发射端的编码 装置可包括: Turbo 乘积码编码器、 时空 Trellis 码编码器、 交织器; 其 中: 输入比特为 Turbo 乘积码编码器的输入, Turbo 乘积码编码器的输出 为交织器的输入, 交织器的输出为 Trellis 码编码器的输入, Trellis 码 编码器的输出为编码后的比特。 17. The device according to claim 14, wherein the encoding device at the transmitting end comprises: a turbo product code encoder, a space-time Trellis code encoder, and an interleaver; wherein: the input bits are turbo product code encoders. Input, output of Turbo product code encoder Is the input of the interleaver, the output of the interleaver is the input of the Trellis code encoder, and the output of the Trellis code encoder is the encoded bits.
- 所述的接收端的译码装置可包括: Turbo乘积码译码器、 时空 Trellis 码译码器、 反交织器; 其中: 接收信号序列和反馈信息为时空 Trellis 码 译码器的输入, 时空 Trellis 码译码器的输出和反馈信息为反交织器的输 入, 反交织器的输出分别为 Turbo乘积码译码器的输入以及反馈信息的组 成信息之一, Turbo 乘积码译码器的输出分别为判决输出以及反馈信息的 组成信息之一。  -The decoding device at the receiving end may include: a turbo product code decoder, a space-time Trellis code decoder, and an deinterleaver; wherein: the received signal sequence and feedback information are inputs of the space-time Trellis code decoder, and the space-time Trellis The output and feedback information of the code decoder is the input of the deinterleaver. The output of the deinterleaver is one of the input of the turbo product code decoder and the feedback information. The output of the turbo product code decoder is One of the components of the decision output and feedback information.
18. 根据权利要求 17所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述的发射端还可包 括: 比特转换成符号的转换装置、 调制器、 天线; 其中: Trellis 码编码 器输出的编码后的比特为比特转换成符号的转换装置的输入, 比特转换成 符号的转换装置的输出为调制器的输入, 调制器的输出为天线的输入, 天 线发射信号。  18. The device according to claim 17, wherein the transmitting end further comprises: a bit conversion device for a symbol, a modulator, and an antenna; wherein: the encoded bits output by the Trellis code encoder are: The input of the bit-to-symbol conversion device, the output of the bit-to-symbol conversion device is the input of the modulator, the output of the modulator is the input of the antenna, and the antenna transmits a signal.
PCT/CN2002/000295 2002-04-26 2002-04-26 A coding method and device for cascading the turbo product and space-time trellis code (sttc) WO2003092206A1 (en)

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