WO2004042908A1 - Uninterrupted power supply with power-factor correcting bypass mode - Google Patents
Uninterrupted power supply with power-factor correcting bypass mode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004042908A1 WO2004042908A1 PCT/US2003/033858 US0333858W WO2004042908A1 WO 2004042908 A1 WO2004042908 A1 WO 2004042908A1 US 0333858 W US0333858 W US 0333858W WO 2004042908 A1 WO2004042908 A1 WO 2004042908A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- input
- circuit
- output
- operative
- current
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4258—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a regulated and galvanically isolated DC output voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/351—Pulse width modulation being used in an amplifying circuit
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the invention relates to power conversion apparatus and methods, and more particularly, to power conversion apparatus and methods for use, for example, in redundant power supply systems such as uninterrupted or uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs).
- UPSs uninterrupted or uninterruptible power supplies
- UPSs Power supply circuits are commonly used in equipment such as UPSs, motor drives, and other applications.
- Conventional UPSs use a variety of different circuit topologies, including standby, line-interactive and on-line topologies.
- each of these topologies has advantages and disadvantages and, accordingly, selection of a particular topology is typically governed by the needs of the application.
- a typical online UPS includes an AC/AC converter that produces an AC output voltage at a load from an AC input voltage provided by an AC power source such as a utility, using a DC link that can isolate the load from disturbance and other degradation of the AC power source.
- the intermediate DC bus is typically coupled to an inverter that inverts the DC voltage on the DC bus to produce an AC output.
- Other circuits, such as filters and regulators, may be included in the path with the rectifier and the inverter.
- the DC bus is also coupled to an auxiliary source of power, such as a battery, fuel cell and/or generator, which maintains the DC voltage on the DC bus in the event the AC power source fails.
- Some online UPSs use other circuit topologies, such as delta converters.
- an online UPS supplies power to a load through a rectifier/inverter chain or other regulating circuitry, providing relatively clean and regulated power at the output of the UPS.
- the UPS may achieve an uninterrupted transition to auxiliary power, as there typically is no need to change the state of a transfer switch.
- Some online UPSs also include a bypass feature such that, in the event of a failure and/or selection of this mode, the inverter is prevented from supplying power to the load (e.g., by disconnecting it from the load or placing it into an inactive standby state) while the load is directly coupled to the AC power source via a bypass path.
- Such a feature may be used to provide an "economy" mode of operation, as power dissipation associated with the operation of the rectifier/inverter chain may be reduced when the load is transferred to the bypass path.
- an "economy" mode of operation may be compromised if the AC power source is subject to small but frequent excursions outside of the power quality criteria, as may be the case, for example, in systems powered by an unsteady AC power source, such as an auxiliary generator set.
- the UPS may be forced to power the load through the inverter in order to meet the power quality requirements of the load, thus reducing the opportunity for greater efficiency through bypass operation.
- Techniques for controlling power factor and other power quality parameters in a higher efficiency mode of a UPS are described in U.S. Patent No. 6,295,215 to Faria et al.
- a power supply apparatus such as an uninterruptible power supply, includes an AC input configured to be connected to an AC power source and an AC output.
- the apparatus also includes an AC/DC converter circuit, e.g., a boost rectifier circuit, with an input coupled to the AC input.
- the apparatus further includes a DC/AC converter circuit, e.g., an inverter circuit, configured to be coupled between an output of the AC/DC converter circuit and the AC output.
- a bypass circuit is operative to establish a coupling between the AC input and the AC output in a first (e.g., bypassed) state and to interrupt the coupling in a second (e.g., "on line”) state.
- the AC/DC converter circuit is operative to control current at the AC input when the bypass circuit is in the first state, such that, for example, a power factor at the AC input port may be corrected. In this manner, the AC/DC converter circuit may act as a line conditioner in the bypassed state.
- the AC/DC converter circuit comprises a current reference signal generating circuit operative to generate a current reference signal responsive to a voltage at the AC input.
- a current control circuit is operative to control a switch circuit, e.g., a transistor half-bridge, of the AC/DC converter circuit responsive to the current reference signal and to a current at the AC input, thereby controlling current at the AC input port.
- Such control may be implemented using digital and or analog control circuitry.
- the current at the AC input may be sensed by a single current sensor coupled between the AC input and a junction of the AC/DC converter circuit and the bypass circuit and/or by multiple sensors placed in current paths coupled to the AC input.
- a current control loop used to control an AC/DC converter may be less susceptible to high frequency perturbations in the input voltage and has a bandwidth that is limited mainly by the maximum switching frequency of the transistors or other switching devices used in the AC/DC converter circuit.
- Such a control loop may be operated seamlessly over multiple modes, e.g., on-line and bypassed modes.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power conversion apparatus according to some embodiments of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power conversion apparatus according to further embodiments of the invention.
- FIGs. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams illustrating exemplary control architectures for a power conversion apparatus according to further some embodiments of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power conversion apparatus according to still further embodiments of the invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a power supply apparatus 100 according to some embodiments of the invention.
- the power supply apparatus 100 includes an input 101 configured to be coupled to an AC power source 10, and an output 102 configured to be coupled to a load 20.
- a bypass circuit here shown as including a switch SI, provides a direct coupling between the input 101 and the output 102 with switch SI closed.
- switch SI open (not shown), the switch SI interrupts this coupling, such that the load 20 may be powered by a series combination of an AC/DC converter circuit 110, which is operative to produce a DC voltage from the AC power source 10, and an DC/ AC converter circuit 120, which produces an AC voltage at the output 102 from the DC voltage.
- the AC/DC converter circuit 110 is operative to control a current i in at the AC input 101 when the apparatus is in the first (or "bypassed") mode, i.e., when the switch S 1 is closed and the input 101 is coupled to the output 102.
- the AC/DC converter circuit 110 may control current at the AC input 101 so as to act as a line conditioner that corrects a power factor at the AC input 101 in the first mode, which, in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) applications, may be an "economy" or "high efficiency” mode.
- UPS uninterruptible power supply
- FIG. 1 may take a variety of different forms. For example, the topology of FIG.
- the AC/DC converter circuit 110 may comprise any of a variety of different types of circuits, including, but not limited to, buck rectifier circuits and boost rectifier circuits, and combinations of a rectifier circuit and a regulating circuit operative to control currents in the rectifier circuit.
- the DC/ AC converter circuit 120 may also comprise any of a variety of different types of circuits, including, but not limited to, half-bridge and full-bridge inverters.
- the bypass circuit may be implemented using any of a variety of mechanical and/or solid-state devices, including, but not limited to mechanical relays, silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs), and combinations thereof.
- a power supply apparatus 200 includes an input 201 configured to be coupled to an AC power supply 10 and an output 202 configured to be coupled to a load 20.
- the apparatus 200 includes an input capacitor Cl and a series combination of a boost rectifier circuit 210 and an inverter circuit 220, coupled by DC busses 215a, 215b.
- the rectifier circuit 210 includes an inductor LI, insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) 212a, 212b in a half-bridge configuration, and storage capacitors C2a, C2b.
- the rectifier circuit 210 produces positive and negative DC voltages V D CI, V D C on the busses 215a, 215b.
- the transistors 212a, 212b are controlled by a control circuit 240, e.g., a digital and/or analog control circuit, responsive to the input voltage v in at the input 201 and to a sensed input current / ' ,-elle, here shown as sensed by a current sensor 230, such as a current transformer (CT) or a Hall effect sensor.
- a control circuit 240 e.g., a digital and/or analog control circuit, responsive to the input voltage v in at the input 201 and to a sensed input current / ' ,- formulate, here shown as sensed by a current sensor 230, such as a current transformer (CT) or a Hall effect sensor.
- CT current transformer
- the apparatus 200 further includes a bypass circuit, here shown as including a switch SI that is operative to provide a bypass coupling between the input 201 and the output 202.
- the control circuit 240 may control the transistors 212a, 212b responsive to the sensed current z,-rise to provide a desired power factor at the input 201 when the rectifier circuit 210 and the inverter circuit 220 is bypassed (i.e., when the switch SI is closed).
- the control circuit 240 may also be operative to provide power factor control when the switch SI is open, i.e., when the apparatus is operating in an on-line mode.
- the inverter circuit 220 may be operative to decouple the DC busses 215a, 215b from the output 202 when the apparatus 200 is operating in the bypassed mode, or similar coupling and decoupling may be provided by a switch (not shown) placed between the inverter circuit 220 and the output 201. It will be further appreciated that the apparatus 200 may also operate in a mode in which the load 20 is concurrently powered via the inverter circuit 220 and the bypass circuit, for example, a mode in which an auxiliary DC power source, such as a battery, fuel cell or generator, coupled to the DC busses 215a, 215b, provides power to the load 20 to supplement power delivered by via the bypass path.
- an auxiliary DC power source such as a battery, fuel cell or generator
- circuitry shown in FIG. 2 may be modified within the scope of the invention.
- circuits other that half-bridges and devices other than IGBTs may be used in the rectifier circuit 210.
- outputs of two current sensors, one in each of the bypass and on-line paths may be summed to determine the current at the input 201.
- the circuitry other than that shown in FIG. 2 may be used within the scope of the invention.
- a boost rectifier circuit is shown in FIG. 2
- a buck rectifier circuit could be used to control input current in a fashion similar to the boost rectifier circuit described above.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a single-phase application, the invention also encompasses multiphase embodiments.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary control architecture that may be used in the control circuit 240 of FIG. 2 according to some embodiments of the invention.
- a voltage compensation circuit 310 includes a DC voltage compensation circuit 312 and an input voltage compensation circuit 314.
- the input voltage compensation circuit 314 receive an input voltage signal v in , for example, a analog voltage or digital value, that is representative of the voltage at the input 201.
- the input voltage compensation circuit 314 generates a first current command signal i c ⁇ .
- the DC voltage compensation circuit 312 receives DC voltage signals V DCI , V DC 2, which are representative of the DC voltages at the DC voltage busses 215a, 215b, and produces a signal that is multiplied by the first current command signal i c j in a multiplier 316.
- the first current command signal i c is fed forward to a summing circuit 350, where it is added to a second current command signal t c2 .
- the second current command signal z ' c2 is generated from the product of the first current command signal i c j and the output of the DC voltage compensation circuit 312.
- the product of the first current command signal i c ⁇ and the output of the DC voltage compensation circuit 312 is scaled in a scaling circuit 320, producing a current reference signal zV e /that is compared with an input current signal i ⁇ n (which is representative of current at the input 201) in a summing circuit 330.
- the error signal produced by the summing circuit 330 is then fed to a current compensation circuit 340, which produces the second current command signal z ' c2 .
- the first and second current command signals i c j, i C2 are summed to produce a composite current command signal i cc that drives a pulse width modulator (PWM) control signal generator circuit 360 that controls the rectifier transistors 212a, 212b.
- PWM pulse width modulator
- the input current control provided by the control circuitry of FIG. 3 can provide power factor correction, by acting to keep the input current signal i in waveform substantially similar to that of the input voltage signal v n through use of a current reference signal derived from the input voltage signal v, chorus. It will be appreciated that the control architecture illustrated in FIG.
- control architecture 3 can be implemented in an analog form, a digital form, or a combination thereof.
- the control architecture may be implemented in a digital domain using a microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP) or similar computing device, or may be implemented in analog form using active filters, analog multipliers, and the like.
- DSP digital signal processor
- FIG. 3 is offered for exemplary purposes, and can be modified within the scope of the invention by using, for example, different loop topologies and different arrangements of gains and other control elements.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a digital control architecture that may be used to implement a control scheme according to exemplary embodiments of the invention.
- An analog-to- digital (A/D) converter circuit 401 samples the input voltage and current signals v in , i in , and the DC voltages V DCI , V D C2 on the busses 212a, 212b, producing sampled signals
- a processor 402 e.g., a microprocessor, microcontroller, DSP or other computing device, in which blocks 405-465 are implemented.
- , i jn , v in may also be scaled, filtered and/or otherwise processed in the A/D converter circuit 401.
- the sampled input voltage signal v is filtered by an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter block 420 to remove higher frequency components, and then filtered by a lead filter block 425 to compensate for a phase lag imparted by the FIR filter block 420.
- IIR infinite impulse response
- the sampled DC voltage signals ⁇ DC ⁇ , ⁇ v DC2 ⁇ are summed in a summing block 405, producing a signal that is inverted in an inversion block 415 and used to multiply the output of the lead filter 425 in a multiplier block
- the signal produced by the summing block 405 is also applied to a proportional integrator/differentiator (PID) compensation block 410.
- PID proportional integrator/differentiator
- the sampled input voltage signal v jn is also passed to a root mean square
- (rms) computation block 435 which produces a signal representative of an rms value of the input voltage signal v ; - botanical.
- This rms signal is then inverted in an inversion block 440, producing a signal that is multiplied by the first current command signal ⁇ ⁇ and by the output of the PID compensation block 410 in a multiplier block 445 to produce a current reference signal i ref .
- the sampled input current signal i in is then subtracted from the current reference signal ⁇ ref in a summing block 450, producing an error signal that is applied to another PID compensation block 455, which produces a second current command signal i c2 .
- the first and second current command signals ⁇ c ⁇ , i c2 are summed in a summing block 460 to produce a composite current command signal i cc that is applied to a PWM control signal generator block 465.
- the input current control provided by the control circuitry of FIG. 4 can provide power factor correction, by acting to keep the input current signal i in waveform substantially similar to that of the input voltage signal v,-ford through use of a current reference signal derived from the input voltage signal v / perhaps.
- Potential advantages of such a control architecture in a power supply apparatus, such as the apparatus 200 or FIG. 2, are numerous. Because the current control loop illustrated in
- FIG. 4 uses a current reference signal i ref that is generated from a filtered version of the input voltage v jn , the current control loop can be less susceptible to high frequency perturbations of the input voltage v jn .
- the bandwidth of the current control loop can be quite high, as it can be mainly limited by the maximum switching frequency that can be supported by the PWM control signal generator block 460 and the transistors (or other switching devices) in the rectifier circuit 210.
- the rectifier control loops . e. , the voltage and current loops
- the rectifier circuit 210 of the apparatus 200 can remain in operation, controlling input power factor by controlling the input current z* n , while the inverter circuit 220 is disabled or enabled, depending on the mode of operation.
- Such operation of the rectifier circuit 210 may be particularly advantageous for dealing with changeover from bypassed (or high-efficiency) mode to on-line operation, as the rectifier circuit 210 will already be up and stabilized, which can reduce the time needed to establish sufficient voltage on the DC busses 212a, 212b for on-line operation.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 500 according to further embodiments of the invention.
- UPS uninterruptible power supply
- the UPS 500 includes an input 501 configured to be coupled to an AC power supply 10 and an output 502 configured to be coupled to a load 20.
- the apparatus 500 includes an input capacitor Cl and a series combination of a rectifier circuit 510 and an inverter circuit 520, coupled by DC busses 515a, 515b.
- the rectifier circuit 510 includes an inductor L 1 , IGBTs 512a,
- the rectifier circuit 510 produces positive and negative DC voltages VDCI, V D C 2 on the busses 515a, 515b.
- the transistors 512a, 512b are controlled by a control circuit 540 responsive to the input voltage v, chorus at the input
- a switch SI is operative to provide a bypass coupling between the input 501 and the output 502.
- the control circuit 540 controls the transistors 512a, 512b responsive to the sensed current i in , thereby controlling the current /,-gol to provide, for example, a desired power factor at the input 501 when the rectifier circuit 510 and the inverter circuit 520 is in both online and bypassed modes.
- the UPS 500 also includes an auxiliary DC power source coupled to the DC busses 515a, 515b. As shown, the auxiliary DC power source includes a battery 560 and a DC/DC converter circuit 550, but it will be understood that other types of auxiliary DC power sources may be used.
- the inverter circuit 520 may be operative to decouple the DC busses 515a, 515b from the output 502 when the apparatus 500 is operating in the bypassed mode, or such a coupling/decoupling function may be provided by a switch (not shown) placed between the inverter circuit 520 and the output 502. It will be further appreciated that the apparatus 500 may also operate in a mode in which the load 20 is powered via the inverter circuit 520 and the bypass circuit, for example, a mode in which the auxiliary DC power source (battery 560 and DC/DC converter circuit 550) provides power to the load 20 to supplement power delivered by via the bypass circuit. According to further aspects of the invention, a second AC output 503 coupled to the input 501 may be provided.
- this output 503 may be used to provide line conditioning (e.g., power factor correction) for the second load 30 while the rectifier and inverter 510, 520 are operating in an on-line mode, providing more highly regulated power to the first load 20.
- line conditioning e.g., power factor correction
- the first output may be used to provide line conditioning (e.g., power factor correction) for the second load 30 while the rectifier and inverter 510, 520 are operating in an on-line mode, providing more highly regulated power to the first load 20.
- line conditioning e.g., power factor correction
- the UPS 500 can operate as an online UPS for some loads while simultaneously acting as a line conditioner for other loads.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03777887.5A EP1556943B1 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-27 | Uninterrupted power supply with power-factor correcting bypass mode |
CA2504440A CA2504440C (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-27 | Uninterrupted power supply with power-factor correcting bypass mode |
AU2003286677A AU2003286677A1 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-27 | Uninterrupted power supply with power-factor correcting bypass mode |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/286,027 US6906933B2 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2002-11-01 | Power supply apparatus and methods with power-factor correcting bypass mode |
US10/286,027 | 2002-11-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004042908A1 true WO2004042908A1 (en) | 2004-05-21 |
Family
ID=32175322
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2003/033858 WO2004042908A1 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-27 | Uninterrupted power supply with power-factor correcting bypass mode |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6906933B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1556943B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1708892A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003286677A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2504440C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004042908A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005119891A1 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-15 | Eaton Power Quality Corporation | Power conversion apparatus and methods using an adaptive waveform reference |
Families Citing this family (85)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7432615B2 (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2008-10-07 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Uninterruptable power supply system and method |
US7050312B2 (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2006-05-23 | Eaton Power Quality Corporation | Multi-mode uninterruptible power supplies and methods of operation thereof |
US20050286274A1 (en) | 2004-06-29 | 2005-12-29 | Hans-Erik Pfitzer | Self-testing power supply apparatus, methods and computer program products |
US7939968B2 (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2011-05-10 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Method and apparatus for providing uninterruptible power |
US7327587B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2008-02-05 | General Electric Company | System and method for power conversion |
DE102005023290A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-23 | Sma Technologie Ag | Bidirectional battery inverter |
US7511446B2 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2009-03-31 | Tm Ge Automation Systems Llc | System and method for starting a wound rotor motor |
KR100764779B1 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-10-11 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Apparatus for supplying dc power source |
US7508094B2 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2009-03-24 | Eaton Corporation | UPS systems having multiple operation modes and methods of operating same |
JP4151704B2 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2008-09-17 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Amplifier device |
US7564706B1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2009-07-21 | Edward Herbert | Power factor corrected single-phase AC-DC power converter using natural modulation |
US20080024950A1 (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-01-31 | Tyco Electronics Power Systems, Inc. A Nevada Corporation | Site-adaptive ac current limiting for rectifiers and dc power plants |
US7652393B2 (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2010-01-26 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Apparatus and method for employing a DC source with an uninterruptible power supply |
US8014110B2 (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2011-09-06 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Variable speed drive with integral bypass contactor |
EP1965487A1 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-03 | Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. | Uninterruptible power supply, connected to a grid |
FR2916100B1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2009-08-14 | Mge Ups Systems Soc Par Action | POWER SUPPLY WITHOUT INTERRUPTION AND METHOD FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SAID POWER SUPPLY |
US20080290738A1 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-27 | Greene Charles E | Smart receiver and method |
US20090241592A1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-10-01 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Compressor assembly having electronics cooling system and method |
US7895003B2 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2011-02-22 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Vibration protection in a variable speed compressor |
US8950206B2 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2015-02-10 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Compressor assembly having electronics cooling system and method |
US9541907B2 (en) | 2007-10-08 | 2017-01-10 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | System and method for calibrating parameters for a refrigeration system with a variable speed compressor |
US8459053B2 (en) | 2007-10-08 | 2013-06-11 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Variable speed compressor protection system and method |
US8448459B2 (en) | 2007-10-08 | 2013-05-28 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | System and method for evaluating parameters for a refrigeration system with a variable speed compressor |
US8539786B2 (en) | 2007-10-08 | 2013-09-24 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | System and method for monitoring overheat of a compressor |
US20090092502A1 (en) * | 2007-10-08 | 2009-04-09 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Compressor having a power factor correction system and method |
US8418483B2 (en) | 2007-10-08 | 2013-04-16 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | System and method for calculating parameters for a refrigeration system with a variable speed compressor |
US8116105B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2012-02-14 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Systems and methods for uninterruptible power supply control |
US7881079B2 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2011-02-01 | American Power Conversion Corporation | UPS frequency converter and line conditioner |
US8203235B2 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2012-06-19 | Liebert Corporation | AC and DC uninterruptible online power supplies |
US8053926B2 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2011-11-08 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Methods and systems for managing facility power and cooling |
US20100080026A1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-01 | Xiaoyang Zhang | Power factor correction circuit |
WO2011016214A1 (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2011-02-10 | パナソニック株式会社 | Power conversion device and induction heating device |
US8575779B2 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2013-11-05 | Alpha Technologies Inc. | Ferroresonant transformer for use in uninterruptible power supplies |
US20110273142A1 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | Norman Luwei Jin | Parallel Boost Unity Power Factor High Power Battery Charger |
JP5218483B2 (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2013-06-26 | ソニー株式会社 | Power control device |
CN102005938B (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2013-01-30 | 力博特公司 | Control method of bridge arm in UPS (uninterruptible power supply) in case of zero-crossing operation |
KR101001643B1 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2010-12-17 | 국제통신공업 주식회사 | Power converter, energy-saving load test method of power converter and computer-readable recording media including energy-saving load test function |
US20120098471A1 (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2012-04-26 | Danfoss Drives A/S | Electrical system and method for controlling an electrical motor |
US8698354B2 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2014-04-15 | Schneider Electric It Corporation | System and method for bidirectional DC-AC power conversion |
US8803361B2 (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2014-08-12 | Schneider Electric It Corporation | Apparatus and method for providing uninterruptible power |
WO2012148512A1 (en) | 2011-01-23 | 2012-11-01 | Alpha Technologies Inc. | Switching systems and methods for use in uninterruptible power supplies |
US8890373B2 (en) | 2011-04-04 | 2014-11-18 | Eaton Corporation | Power distribution systems using distributed current sensing |
US9160202B2 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2015-10-13 | General Electric Company | Control system for uninterruptible power supplies |
US9425650B2 (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2016-08-23 | General Electric Company | Systems, methods, and devices for control of multimode UPS |
US9234916B2 (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2016-01-12 | Alpha Technologies Inc. | Status monitoring cables for generators |
CN102820696B (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-04-02 | 华为技术有限公司 | Temperature control equipment and cabinet of communication equipment |
CN102769376B (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2014-11-05 | 成都启臣微电子有限公司 | Power factor correction device, AC/DC converter and power factor correction method |
TW201411997A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-16 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Rectifier circuit |
WO2014041390A1 (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-20 | American Power Conversion Corporation | A system and method for voltage regulation in a voltage supply |
CN103683356B (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-10-21 | 伊顿制造(格拉斯哥)有限合伙莫尔日分支机构 | On-Line UPS topology |
TWI470920B (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2015-01-21 | Universal Scient Ind Co Ltd | Soft start voltage regulator |
WO2014073058A1 (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-15 | ボルボ ラストバグナー アクチエボラグ | Power source device |
DK2941805T3 (en) | 2013-01-07 | 2020-02-17 | Schneider Electric It Corp | Power Management |
US9490660B2 (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2016-11-08 | Ebay Inc. | Methods, systems, and apparatus for datacenter power distribution |
US9537332B2 (en) | 2013-05-30 | 2017-01-03 | Canara, Inc. | Apparatus, system and method for charge balancing of individual batteries in a string of batteries using battery voltage and temperature, and detecting and preventing thermal runaway |
US10826322B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2020-11-03 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Systems and methods for grid interactive UPS |
US9806561B2 (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2017-10-31 | Eaton Corporation | UPS systems and methods using dual mode rectifier/inverter |
US9479011B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2016-10-25 | General Electric Company | Method and system for a dual conversion uninterruptible power supply |
EP3090315A4 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2017-08-09 | Schneider Electric IT Corporation | System and methods of grid stabilization |
CN104092277A (en) | 2014-04-23 | 2014-10-08 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Power supply circuit including bidirectional DC converter and control method thereof |
DE102015102485A1 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-25 | Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device and method for fault current detection |
GB2538079A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2016-11-09 | Control Techniques Ltd | Low capacitance drive with improved immunity |
US10298054B2 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2019-05-21 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation | Uninterruptible power supply |
CA2997953A1 (en) | 2015-09-13 | 2017-03-16 | Alpha Technologies Inc. | Power control systems and methods |
US10120034B2 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2018-11-06 | Canara, Inc. | Battery string monitoring system |
US10381867B1 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2019-08-13 | Alpha Technologeis Services, Inc. | Ferroresonant transformer systems and methods with selectable input and output voltages for use in uninterruptible power supplies |
US10033322B2 (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2018-07-24 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Closed-transition variable-frequency drive apparatus and methods |
JP6451681B2 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2019-01-16 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Power converter |
US10277115B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2019-04-30 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Filtering systems and methods for voltage control |
US10305373B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2019-05-28 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Input reference signal generation systems and methods |
US10770966B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2020-09-08 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Power factor correction circuit and method including dual bridge rectifiers |
US10656026B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2020-05-19 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Temperature sensing circuit for transmitting data across isolation barrier |
US10320322B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2019-06-11 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Switch actuation measurement circuit for voltage converter |
US10763740B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2020-09-01 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Switch off time control systems and methods |
US9933842B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2018-04-03 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Microcontroller architecture for power factor correction converter |
US9979281B2 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2018-05-22 | Excelitas Technologies Corp. | Apparatus and method for dynamic adjustment of the bandwidth of a power converter |
US9979291B2 (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-22 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Inverter apparatus |
CN108092371B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2020-04-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Charging and discharging device |
US9837952B1 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-12-05 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Reducing resonant effects of reactive loads in electric motor systems |
WO2019014682A1 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-17 | Alpha Technologies Inc. | Voltage regulated ac power supply systems and methods |
EP3480914A1 (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-08 | Piller Group GmbH | Provision of controlling power for an electrical grid having a ups comprising a lithium ion battery |
US11300632B2 (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2022-04-12 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Adjustable frequency drive systems and methods of employing power compensation |
US11206743B2 (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2021-12-21 | Emerson Climate Technolgies, Inc. | Electronics enclosure with heat-transfer element |
EP3819553A3 (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2021-06-30 | Carrier Corporation | Redundant power supply for hvac system including refrigerant leakage mitigation |
US11621579B2 (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2023-04-04 | Schneider Electric It Corporation | Line-interactive uninterruptible power supply with integrated charger |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5777866A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1998-07-07 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Power factor control for switched mode rectifiers with improved representing of currents in EMI capacitive elements |
US6295215B1 (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-09-25 | Powerware Corporation | AC power supply apparatus with economy mode and methods of operation thereof |
US6411067B1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-06-25 | Abb Ab | Voltage source converters operating either as back-to-back stations or as parallel static var compensators |
US20020153779A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-24 | Powerware Corporation | Battery charger control circuit and an uninterruptible power supply utilizing same |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4456872A (en) * | 1969-10-27 | 1984-06-26 | Bose Corporation | Current controlled two-state modulation |
DE3572098D1 (en) * | 1984-11-02 | 1989-09-07 | Bose Corp | Frequency-stabilized two-state modulation |
IE75374B1 (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1997-09-10 | Nat Csf Corp | Uninterruptible power supply |
US5126585A (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 1992-06-30 | Auckland Uniservices Limited | Uninterruptible power supplies |
JP2947372B2 (en) * | 1991-04-25 | 1999-09-13 | 株式会社関電工 | Multifunction power converting system |
JP3175121B2 (en) * | 1991-05-14 | 2001-06-11 | 株式会社ユアサコーポレーション | Uninterruptible power system |
US5642002A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1997-06-24 | Alpha Technologies | Apparatus and methods for generating uninterruptible AC power signals |
JPH07147743A (en) * | 1993-11-24 | 1995-06-06 | Nec Field Service Ltd | Uninterrupted power supply apparatus |
CN1040272C (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 1998-10-14 | 松下电工株式会社 | Inverter device |
US5612580A (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1997-03-18 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Uninterruptible power system |
DE19546420C1 (en) * | 1995-12-12 | 1997-04-10 | Siemens Ag | Static fail-safe current supply device for variable speed drive |
US5737209A (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 1998-04-07 | Stevens; Carlile | Power quality and demand management module |
US5771161A (en) * | 1997-01-10 | 1998-06-23 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Uninterruptable capability for an active power line conditioner |
ID23796A (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 2000-05-11 | Silver Power Conversion Llc | POWER SUPPLIERS THAT CANNOT BE DISCONNECTED |
US5867377A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1999-02-02 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | System and method for improving the efficiency of reserve battery-powered, partitioned power conversion systems under light load conditions |
US6052292A (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2000-04-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Tridirectional inverter |
US6295216B1 (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-09-25 | Powerware Corporation | Power supply apparatus with selective rectifier harmonic input current suppression and methods of operation thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-11-01 US US10/286,027 patent/US6906933B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-10-27 CA CA2504440A patent/CA2504440C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-27 AU AU2003286677A patent/AU2003286677A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-27 EP EP03777887.5A patent/EP1556943B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-27 CN CNA2003801021950A patent/CN1708892A/en active Pending
- 2003-10-27 WO PCT/US2003/033858 patent/WO2004042908A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5777866A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1998-07-07 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Power factor control for switched mode rectifiers with improved representing of currents in EMI capacitive elements |
US6295215B1 (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-09-25 | Powerware Corporation | AC power supply apparatus with economy mode and methods of operation thereof |
US6411067B1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-06-25 | Abb Ab | Voltage source converters operating either as back-to-back stations or as parallel static var compensators |
US20020153779A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-24 | Powerware Corporation | Battery charger control circuit and an uninterruptible power supply utilizing same |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
HIRACHI K ET AL: "A high-frequency-linked single phase UPS with power factor correction scheme", INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, 1997. ISIE '97., PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GUIMARAES, PORTUGAL 7-11 JULY 1997, NEW YORK, NY, USA,IEEE, US, 7 July 1997 (1997-07-07), pages 619 - 624, XP010265096, ISBN: 0-7803-3936-3 * |
JINN-CHANG WU ET AL: "A NEW UPS SCHEME PROVIDES HARMONIC SUPPRESSION AND INPUT POWER FACTOR CORRECTION", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, IEEE INC. NEW YORK, US, vol. 42, no. 6, 1 December 1995 (1995-12-01), pages 629 - 635, XP000557996, ISSN: 0278-0046 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005119891A1 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-15 | Eaton Power Quality Corporation | Power conversion apparatus and methods using an adaptive waveform reference |
US7239043B2 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2007-07-03 | Eaton Power Quality Corporation | Power conversion apparatus and methods using an adaptive waveform reference |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040085785A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
US6906933B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 |
CA2504440C (en) | 2013-08-20 |
CA2504440A1 (en) | 2004-05-21 |
AU2003286677A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 |
EP1556943A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
CN1708892A (en) | 2005-12-14 |
EP1556943B1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6906933B2 (en) | Power supply apparatus and methods with power-factor correcting bypass mode | |
US7508094B2 (en) | UPS systems having multiple operation modes and methods of operating same | |
US20050275976A1 (en) | Power conversion apparatus and methods using an adaptive waveform reference | |
JPH03195375A (en) | Power converter | |
US6549440B2 (en) | AC power supply apparatus and methods providing output control based on estimated instantaneous reactive power | |
JP4664836B2 (en) | Three-phase voltage type AC / DC converter | |
JP2009219263A (en) | Single-phase voltage type ac-dc converter | |
US6665198B2 (en) | Power supply apparatus and method thereof for input harmonic current suppression and output voltage regulation | |
JP2009124836A (en) | Controller of uninterrupted power supply system | |
WO2005112239A2 (en) | Power converter apparatus and methods using a phase reference derived from a dc bus voltage | |
Jou et al. | Novel line-interactive uninterruptible power supply | |
JP2000116005A (en) | Ac power unit | |
JP2568271B2 (en) | DC uninterruptible power supply | |
JP2003087976A (en) | Uninterruptible power supply | |
JP3082849B2 (en) | Uninterruptible power system | |
JP4156767B2 (en) | Power converter | |
JPH04133633A (en) | Uninterruptible power unit | |
KR101343953B1 (en) | Double conversion uninterruptible power supply of eliminated battery discharger | |
JPS605779A (en) | Control power source circuit of inverter | |
JPH02100116A (en) | Power unit without power failure | |
JPH11313449A (en) | Single conversion type ups | |
JP2747804B2 (en) | Power supply for playback type device | |
JP2005176567A (en) | Two-system changeover feeding device, uninterruptible power supply, and two-system changeover feeding method | |
JPS63245268A (en) | Controlling method for current type pwm converter | |
Bascopé et al. | Proposal of transformerless UPS employing three state switching cell based converters |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2003777887 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2003777887 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 20038A21950 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2504440 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2003777887 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: JP |