WO2004095802A1 - Method, apparatus and system for access to a roaming mobile node - Google Patents
Method, apparatus and system for access to a roaming mobile node Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004095802A1 WO2004095802A1 PCT/US2004/006041 US2004006041W WO2004095802A1 WO 2004095802 A1 WO2004095802 A1 WO 2004095802A1 US 2004006041 W US2004006041 W US 2004006041W WO 2004095802 A1 WO2004095802 A1 WO 2004095802A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mobile node
- coa
- hostname
- request
- server
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/50—Address allocation
- H04L61/5084—Providing for device mobility
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/40—Network security protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/45—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/26—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
- H04W80/04—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of mobile computing, and, more particularly to a method, apparatus and system for ensuring reliable access to a roaming mobile node.
- a hostname is a unique name by which a computing device may be identified on a network. Hostnames are used to simplify access to computing devices by enabling users to use unique names instead of addresses to access these devices. A hostname is typically translated into an Internet address by a Domain Name System (“DNS”) server.
- DNS Domain Name System
- IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
- Mobile IPv4 Mobile IPv4
- Mobile IPv6 Internet Draft draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-19.txt. (Work In Progress), October 2002, hereafter "Mobile IPv6”
- NAIs Network Access Identifiers
- Mobile IPv4 is currently the predominant standard, and many networks today are Mobile IPv4 compliant.
- Mobile IPv4 introduced the concept of Network Access Identifiers ("NAIs").
- NAIs may be used in either Mobile IPv4 or Mobile IP v6 compliant networks to uniquely identify a mobile node. While a mobile node is typically identified by one hostname, it may also be associated with more than one NAI. Similar to hostnames, NAIs may also be translated into an Internet address by a DNS server.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a known corporate intranet structure today
- FIG. 2 is a table illustrating the various ways in which MN 140 may be configured
- FIG. 3 illustrates a Mobile IP network stack according to embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus and system for reliably accessing a roaming mobile node.
- Reference in the specification to "one embodiment” or “an embodiment” of the present invention means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention.
- the phrases “in one embodiment”, “according to one embodiment” or the like appearing in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a known corporate intranet ("Corporate Intranet 100") structure.
- Corporate Intranet 100 may include both wired and wireless networks and may comprise multiple subnets. Subnets refer to portions of networks that may share the same common address format.
- MN 140 may have a hostname and a NAI associated with it.
- Mobile nodes that conform to Mobile IPv4 and/or Mobile IPv6 standards (hereafter collectively referred to as "Mobile IP Standards") today may roam freely across subnets within Corporate Intranet 100.
- MN 140 may register with a home agent ("HA 130") when it exits its home subnet.
- HA 130 home agent
- MN 140 informs HA 130 of MN 140's "care-of address" (hereafter "COA"), namely MN 140's address on its new subnet.
- COA care-of address
- HA 130 thereafter intercepts all IP packets addressed to MN 140 and reroutes the packets to MN 140's COA.
- MN 140 may obtain new CO As via Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ("DHCP") or other similar protocols.
- DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
- MN 140 must continuously update HA 130 with its new COA as it roams on Corporate Intranet 100. This configuration is commonly referred to as a "co- located" communications mode.
- MN 140 when MN 140 leaves its home subnet, it may register with HA 130 via a foreign agent ("FA 135") on MN 140's new (“foreign") subnet. By registering with FA 135, MN 140 may use FA 135's IP address as its COA when registering with HA 130. In this scenario, HA 130 continues to intercept all packets addressed to MN 140, but these packets are now rerouted to FA 135, namely MN 140's COA as provided to HA 130. FA 135 examines all packets it receives, and sends the appropriate ones to MN 140 at its current location on the foreign subnet. This configuration is commonly referred to as a "non co-located" communications mode.
- MN 140 may have the option of registering with FA 135 or operating in a co-located mode.
- MN 140 when MN 140 is roaming across subnets, it may have associated with it: (i) a hostname; (ii) a NAI; (iii) an invariant home address; and (iv) a COA.
- these multiple identifiers for MN 140 may cause inconsistencies as MN 140 roams.
- FIG. 2 is a table illustrating the various ways in which MN 140 may be configured to conform to Mobile IPv4 standards.
- the mobile node may be configured according to one of six scenarios.
- MN 140 in a co-located mode may be assigned a NAI that is different from its hostname.
- COA e.g., via DHCP or other similar protocols
- a mapping entry may be created in a DNS server, mapping the COA to MN 140's hostname ⁇ Hostname, COA ⁇ . This COA may change continuously as MN 140 roams across subnets.
- MN 140 may be configured to obtain its home address through a NAI extension in its registration request to HA 130.
- HA 130 may issue a home address to MN 140 from HA 130's IP address pool or by requesting the home address from a DHCP server via a DHCP (or other similar protocol) request, h the latter instance, in response to HA 130's request, the DHCP server may issue MN 140 a home address and send the DNS server an update to create a mapping entry in the DNS server ⁇ NAI, MN_H ⁇ .
- a correspondent node may attempt to reach MN 140 using its NAI and/or hostname.
- MN 140 may use FA 135' s address as its COA when registering with HA 130.
- MN 140 does not acquire a COA, which would result in a mapping between the hostname and the COA in the DNS server.
- CN may not reach MN 140 via its hostname.
- this scenario does not trigger a mapping entry for MN 140's hostname in the DNS Server, the DNS Server may nonetheless still include a stale entry in its binding table (e.g., MN 140's hostname may still be mapped to an old COA from a previous configuration).
- MN 140 in a co-located mode may be assigned a NAI that is the same as its hostname.
- the DNS server may include mappings for ⁇ NAI, MN_H ⁇ and ⁇ Hostname, COA ⁇ .
- the mapping in the DNS server may be unpredictable due to an IP address contention between MN 140's hostname and NAI.
- the mappings may override each other, given the order in which the mappings are entered into the DNS server. As a result, access to MN 140 via either its hostname or NAI is likely to be unpredictable, at best.
- MN 140 in a non co-located mode is assigned a NAI that is the same as its hostname.
- This scenario does not introduce any problems because, as described in Scenario 2 above, the NAI is mapped in the DNS server to MN 140's invariant home address ⁇ NAI, MN_H ⁇ .
- MN 140 since the NAI is the same as the hostname, regardless of the fact there is no mapping for the hostname, MN 140 will nonetheless be reachable.
- a CN that attempts to reach MN 140 using its hostname will enter the same name as MN 140's NAI, which will be resolved in the DNS server to MN_H.
- MN 140 in a co-located mode may be assigned a static home address (e.g., by a corporate IT department), and a mapping may also be created in the DNS server ⁇ Hostname, MN_H ⁇ . As MN 140 roams and obtains a COA, however, a second entry may also be created in the DNS server ⁇ Hostname, COA ⁇ .
- the two mappings for MN 140's hostname result in an IP address contention for the hostname. More specifically, the second mapping for hostname may overwrite the first, leaving the ⁇ Hostname, COA ⁇ mapping in the DNS server.
- MN 140 may no longer be reachable reliably using its hostname because the hostname may be mapped to MN 140's COA.
- MN 140 in a non co-located mode may be assigned a static home address, resulting in a mapping entry in the DNS server for ⁇ Hostname, MNJH ⁇ .
- this scenario presents no problems because, in a non co-located mode, no other mapping entry is created for MN 140 in the DNS server.
- CN may therefore reach MN 140 reliably via its hostname.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a Mobile IP network stack on MN 140 according to embodiments of the present invention.
- the concepts of network stacks and passing messages “up” and “down” network stacks are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art and further description thereof is omitted herein in order not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
- the mobile IP layer (“MIP Data Layer 303") intercepts DHCP requests that are sent by MN 140 to acquire a COA (hereafter referred to as " COA Requests").
- Configuration Module 305 may replace MN 140's hostname in the COA request with a configured alternative name. This configured alternative name may then be passed down the network stack to Link Layer 302 and Physical Layer 301.
- the COA request is a DHCP request and a DHCP server may process the request and send back a DHCP reply with a COA assignment (hereafter referred to as "COA Reply").
- Configuration Module 305 may replace the configured alternative name in the reply with the actual hostname, and pass the COA Reply up the network stack, to TCP/IP Layer 304.
- MN 140's hostname may no longer be mapped to its COA in the DNS server. Therefore, in order to ensure that there is some mapping for MN 140's hostname in the DNS server, in one embodiment of the present invention, a new registration request extension (“Hostname Extension”) may be used.
- Hostname Extension may be created per the guidelines specified in the Mobile IPv4 standard, and may be configured to inform HA 130 to request creation of a mapping entry between MN 140's hostname and MN's home address in the DNS server ⁇ Hostname, MN_H ⁇ . In this manner, HA 130 may ensure that MN 140's hostname is consistently mapped to MN 140's home address in the DNS server. MN 140's NAI continues to be mapped to MN 140's home address ⁇ NAI, MN_H ⁇ .
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. Although the following operations may be described as a sequential process, many of the operations may in fact be performed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re- arranged without departing from the spirit of embodiments of the invention.
- a COA Request or COA Reply may be intercepted. The request and/or reply may be examined in 402.
- the mobile node hostname in the request may be replaced by a configured alternative name in 403 and passed down the network stack in 404.
- the configured alternative name may be replaced by the mobile node hostname and the reply may be passed up the network stack in 406.
- the mobile node's home agent may request creation of a mapping entry in the DNS server in 407, mapping the mobile node's hostname to the mobile node's home address.
- these data processing devices may include various software, and may comprise any devices capable of supporting mobile networks, including but not limited to mainframes, workstations, personal computers, laptops, portable handheld computers, PDAs and/or cellular telephones.
- mobile nodes may comprise portable data processing systems such as laptops, handheld computing devices, personal digital assistants and/or cellular telephones.
- home agents and/or foreign agents may comprise data processing devices such as personal computers, workstations and/or mainframe computers. In alternate embodiments, home agents and foreign agents may also comprise portable data processing systems similar to those used to implement mobile nodes.
- data processing devices may include various components capable of executing instructions to accomplish an embodiment of the present invention.
- the data processing devices may include and/or be coupled to at least one machine-accessible medium.
- a "machine” includes, but is not limited to, any data processing device with one or more processors.
- a machine-accessible medium includes any mechanism that stores and/or transmits information in any form accessible by a data processing device, the machine-accessible medium including but not limited to, recordable/non-recordable media (such as read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media and flash memory devices), as well as electrical, optical, acoustical or other form of propagated signals (such as carrier waves, infrared signals and digital signals).
- a data processing device may include various other well-known components such as one or more processors.
- the processor(s) and machine-accessible media may be communicatively coupled using a bridge/memory controller, and the processor may be capable of executing instructions stored in the machine-accessible media.
- the bridge/memory controller may be coupled to a graphics controller, and the graphics controller may control the output of display data on a display device.
- the bridge/memory controller may be coupled to one or more buses.
- a host bus host controller such as a Universal Serial Bus (“USB”) host controller may be coupled to the bus(es) and a plurality of devices may be coupled to the USB.
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- user input devices such as a keyboard and mouse may be included in the data processing device for providing input data.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0513411A GB2414903B (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-02-26 | Method, apparatus and system for ensuring reliable access to a roaming mobile node |
JP2005518884A JP4660379B2 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-02-26 | Method, apparatus and system for accurate access to roaming mobile nodes |
DE112004000524T DE112004000524B4 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-02-26 | Method, apparatus and system for ensuring reliable access to a roaming mobile node |
KR1020057018168A KR100886985B1 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-02-26 | Method, apparatus and system for ensuring reliable access to a roaming mobile node |
CN2004800086346A CN1768517B (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-02-26 | Method, apparatus and system for accessing to a roaming mobile node |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US10/401,896 | 2003-03-28 | ||
US10/401,896 US7535878B2 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2003-03-28 | Method, apparatus and system for ensuring reliable access to a roaming mobile node |
Publications (1)
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WO2004095802A1 true WO2004095802A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/US2004/006041 WO2004095802A1 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-02-26 | Method, apparatus and system for access to a roaming mobile node |
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US (1) | US7535878B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4660379B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100886985B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1768517B (en) |
DE (1) | DE112004000524B4 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2414903B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004095802A1 (en) |
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- 2004-02-26 JP JP2005518884A patent/JP4660379B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-26 GB GB0513411A patent/GB2414903B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-26 KR KR1020057018168A patent/KR100886985B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-26 CN CN2004800086346A patent/CN1768517B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-26 DE DE112004000524T patent/DE112004000524B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-26 WO PCT/US2004/006041 patent/WO2004095802A1/en active Application Filing
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GB2414903A (en) | 2005-12-07 |
DE112004000524T5 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
DE112004000524B4 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
JP4660379B2 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
CN1768517A (en) | 2006-05-03 |
JP2006521034A (en) | 2006-09-14 |
US7535878B2 (en) | 2009-05-19 |
GB2414903B (en) | 2006-07-26 |
CN1768517B (en) | 2012-02-08 |
KR20050113254A (en) | 2005-12-01 |
GB0513411D0 (en) | 2005-08-03 |
KR100886985B1 (en) | 2009-03-04 |
US20040190534A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
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