WO2004112665A1

WO2004112665A1 - Surgical blade

Info

Publication number: WO2004112665A1
Application number: PCT/ES2003/000299
Authority: WO
Inventors: Manuel MORROS LÓPEZ
Original assignee: Morros Lopez Manuel
Priority date: 2003-06-18
Filing date: 2003-06-18
Publication date: 2004-12-29
Also published as: AU2003240868A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a surgical blade comprising: a first isosceles triangle-shaped section (3) having sides which define cutting edges (31) forming an angle of between 15 and 45 degrees therebetween; a second trapezoidal section (4) which increases in width towards the rear thereof, having sides which define cutting edges (41) that are separated by a smaller angle than the edges (31) of the first section (3); and a third trapezoidal section (5) which also increases in width towards the rear, having sides which define cutting edges (51) forming an angle of between 15 and 45 degrees therebetween, the latter angle being greater than that formed by the cutting edges (41) of the second section (4) of the blade. Moreover, the surface of sections 3 and 4 comprises transverse slits or lines (32 and 42, 43).

Description

DESCRIPTION

SURGICAL KNIFE

Object of the invention.

The present invention relates to a surgical knife, of the type used in the ophthalmological surgical sector, specifically in the realization of micro-incisions for cataract surgery and having a grip handle.

Background of the invention.

Currently, within the surgical ophthalmological field, knives, reusable or disposable, are used for corneal incisions, through which the tip of a suitable instrument is inserted to remove the patient's cataract; subsequently extending the incision to introduce an implant, called an intraocular lens; the minimum diameter of the incision to be made from 1.5 to 3.5 millimeters, depending on the design of the lens to be implanted in each case.

Within this section, it is worth highlighting the existence of a series of registration records that are detailed below.

French patent FR 2,478,464 (Moskovskaya Nauchno-Issledovatelskaya Experimental Laboratory and Klinicheskoi Khirurgii Glaza S Klinikoi) describes a method for determining the depth of an incision made during eye surgery. It consists of the use of an instrument, formed by a handle, to which a "V" shaped element is attached at the free end of which a series of marks located at certain distances are presented that inform the surgeon of the depth to which it is operating

The object of US Pat. No. 5,217,476 (Wishinsky) is for a scalpel blade that includes a series of marks located in opposite areas next to the cutting part, so that by aligning said opposite marks, by means of the fabric, during insertion of the blade produces an incision of a certain length. This scalpel is used in cataract operations where a small incision is made for the removal of the lens and a larger incision to implant the intraocular lenses.

US Patent 5,810,857 (Mackool), for its part, describes a surgical blade that includes a sharp end in the foreground and another end. blunt, separated from the previous one by a distance equivalent to the desired cutting length. The blade is inserted in a previously made cut and moves in the desired direction, lengthening the incision until the blunt zone is reached, which acts as a stop. US Patent 5,662,668 (Kurwa) also refers to a blade used in keratotomy. In this case, it is an L-shaped blade that is sized to allow intra-stromal incisions, between the Descemet and Bowman's membrane, without piercing or cutting either of them. US Patent 6,056,764 (Smith) describes an ophthalmic application surgical blade with hard edges of single chamfer. The blade has a proximal end, a distal end and a central axis according to its length. The proximal end is, in general, rectangular cubic with a flat profile that has upper and lower surfaces and short side walls, each of the side walls being constituted with two edges that are cut defining an angle of approximately 100 to 140 °. The edge of this angle is not sharp and these side walls comprise guiding means to guide the movements of the blade through an opening created by the cutting surfaces located at its distal end.

The distal end of the blade comprises a cutting surface constituted by a sharp point with the cutting edges in the proximal area of the tip defining an angle of 75 ° to 85 °. Two angled surfaces extend laterally and proximally to either side of the tip, each forming an angle of 22 ° to 27 ° with the bottom or bottom surface of the blade. The tip is located between the planes defined by the upper and lower surfaces of the blade. The blade of the invention is made of diamond. However, the diamond can be replaced by other materials, such as stainless steel, sapphire, ruby, cubic zirconium, pure or composite ceramics, composed of ceramic metals and titanium alloys.

US Patent US RE37,304 (Van Heugten et al.) Refers to a surgical blade of the type basically intended to make incisions in the eye, although it is suitable for making incisions in virtually any spherical surface. The blade is uniquely characterized by its constitution, comprising cutting edge chamfers of different transverse dimension on the front surface of the blade with respect to the transverse dimension of the corresponding chamfers of the rear surface of the blade, so that the blade of this invention will make a substantially straight incision perpendicular to the eye or other spherical surface.

US Patent 6,139,559 (Nordan et al.) Refers to a surgical sheet for use in ophthalmic surgery, which has distal cutting edges formed by a pair of anterior-posterior chamfers, which are cut at an angle greater than 90 ° , preferably 140 °. An anterior step is arranged in an intermediate zone between the distal and proximal ends of the blade, directing the blade to form a recess when the blade has been inserted into the cornea at a sufficient distance to bring the step into contact with the tissues of the cornea, allowing the surgeon to perform a reproductive cut, without leaks, using a straight hand movement. The distal cutting surface is rounded at its lateral edges to avoid tearing in the incision when the blade is passed through the cornea. US Patent 6,497,712 B1 (Feaster) refers to a keratotomy surgery blade. This blade has a handle with a blade fixed at one end of it. The blade has two opposite faces and two edges that extend from the handle to a front area of the cutting edge. The two edges are blunt, not being cutting edges. In one embodiment, the part of the leading cutting edge is constituted by an inverted V-shaped cutting edge that extends in front of two straight cutting edges directed outward on opposite faces of the base of the cutting edge in the form of V inverted, being located, the vertex of the cutting edge in the form of an inverted V, along the axis of the blade. The cutting edges directed outwards are transverse with respect to the central axis. In another embodiment, the cutting edge is constituted by a first transverse edge zone with respect to the axis of the blade and an angled area located adjacent to one of the non-cutting edges. The angled area forms an obtuse angle with respect to the first part of the edge, extending forward with respect to the first part of the edge. US Patent 5,222,967 (Casebeer et al.) Describes a keratorefractive diamond blade and surgical method. The keratorefractive surgical blade has opposite faces and a first and second edges that intersect each other to form an edge. The first edge is formed constituting a sharp cutting edge that extends from the edge by a predetermined distance more it cuts that the distance from the base of a surgical incision to the Bowman membrane, being a part of the first edge adjacent to the sharp cutting edge, bluntly with respect to the cutting edge.

US Patent 5,619,889 (Jones et al.) Refers to a method for the manufacture of microstructural surgical instruments. The method for manufacturing a microstructurally shaped article is configured from a workpiece of high hardness substrate, in which an energy transmission forming element is fixed in relation to energy transmission to an energy source and The workpiece that forms the substrate is arranged in alignment with it. A solid-grain paste of solid particles is disposed between the forming element with energy transmission and the substrate, and the workpiece forming the substrate is machined by the forming element with energy transmission in relation to contact with compression with the substrate through the solid-particle paste of solid particles for a sufficient time to form the desired structure in the workpiece that constitutes the substrate. A tribologically improved reusable matrix is also described for use according to the method of the invention. The energy source may be an electroacoustic energy source or an electrical power energy source. The microstructural articles without chemical attack, object of the invention, include knives, saws and other instruments useful for ocular applications and other surgical applications.

The aforementioned knives, although they have, in some cases, some marks that allow to know the diameter of the incision made, present in a generalized way a single previous section of triangular configuration, in which the angle of divergence of the edge is substantially constant until the rear end, where the maximum width of the knife is defined, or, they incorporate intermediate sections of constant or even decreasing width, which makes its handling remarkably difficult.

Therefore, the technical problem that arises is the development of a knife that allows the minimum possible incision to be made to obtain an as tight as possible removal of the cataract, that is, without fluid leakage, which is especially complex using the scalpels. or cuchiiletes mentioned above, due precisely to the design of the same, and that allows the controlled extension of the incision obtaining the necessary cutting measure to ensure the introduction of the implant without tearing. Description of the invention

In order to solve the aforementioned problems, the knife object of the invention has been devised, which presents constructive particularities oriented to allow a comprehensive control of the increase in the amplitude of the incision initially made to extract from the cataract and, consequently, to allow the use of different diameters, maintaining a watertight incision, that is, without fluid leakage.

To achieve the mentioned control, and according to the invention, the knife, of constant thickness, has a first section of triangular isosceles, whose sides define two sharp edges that form an angle between 15 and 45 degrees; a second section of trapezoidal plan and increasing width towards the rear end of the knife, whose sides define two sharp edges that form an angle smaller than the edges of the anterior end; and a third section of trapezoidal plan and increasing width towards the rear area, forming the sides of said third section two sharp edges that form an angle between 15 and 45 degrees, said angle being greater than that formed by the cutting edges or edges of the second section.

The first section has, at its rear end, a width between 0.9 and 1.3 millimeters, disposing on its upper surface and in correspondence with its maximum width, a line or crease perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the knife.

The second section has, at its rear end, a width between 1, 3 and 1.5 millimeters and a length approximately equal to twice the length of the first section of the knife. This second section allows fine control of the increase in the diameter or width of the incision made by the first section of the knife due, on the one hand, to the length of said second section and, on the other hand, to the small increase in width that it presents This second section from its front end to its rear end.

Said second section has on its upper surface two lines or transverse grooves arranged in correspondence with its transverse middle area and its rear end, which allows determining the width of the incision made with said second section.

The third section has at its rear end a maximum width between 2.8 and 3.2 millimeters and, on its upper surface, in correspondence with said rear end, a transverse line or crease.

This third section has a length greater than that of the first section and less than that of the second section to facilitate progressive widening and a reduced length of the width of the incision, ensuring that said incision allows the introduction of the intraocular lens without causing tears.

Description of the figures.

To complement the description that is being made and in order to facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached to the present specification in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the next:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the knife object of the invention.

Figure 2 shows a plan detail of the cutting area of the knife in which the different parts of it can be seen.

Figure 3 shows an elevation view of a sectioned portion of the knife in which the edge corresponding to one of its sides can be observed on a large scale.

Preferred embodiment of the invention.

As can be seen in the referenced figures, the knife, referenced as a whole as (1) has a substantially constant thickness and is fixed to a grip handle (2)

The knife (1) has a first section (3) that forms its front end, a second section (4) and a third section (4) that forms its back.

The first section (3) has an isosceles triangular plan whose sides define two sharp edges (31) that form an angle between 15 and 45 degrees, this angle being preferably 30 degrees.

The first section (3) has, at its rear end, a width between 0.9 and 1.3 millimeters, having on its upper surface and in correspondence with its maximum width, a line or crease (32) perpendicular to the axis longitudinal of the knife.

The second section (4) extends from the first section (3) and has a trapezoidal plant, of increasing width towards its rear end. The sides of said second section (4) form two cutting edges (41) coplanar, with those of the first section (3) and that form an angle smaller than the edges (31) of said first section (3). This second section (4) has, at its rear end, a width between 1, 3 and 1.5 millimeters and a length approximately equal to twice the length of the first section (3) of the knife.

Said second section (4) has, on its upper surface, two transverse lines or creases (42, 43) arranged in correspondence with its transverse middle area and its rear end. The third section (5) has a configuration of trapezoidal plan and increasing width towards the rear area, forming the sides of said third section (5) two sharp edges (51) that form an angle between 15 and 45 degrees, being said angle superior to that formed by the cutting edges (41) of the second section (4) of the knife and substantially equal to that of the first section (3). This third section (5) has, at its rear end, a maximum width between 2.8 and 3.2 millimeters

This third section (5) has a length greater than that of the first section (3) and less than that of the second section (5) which facilitates the progressive widening of the incision made with said third section (5), until reaching the dimension suitable to allow the introduction of the intraocular lens without producing tears.

In a preferred embodiment, the first section (3) will have a length of 1 millimeter, the second section (4) a length of 2 millimeters and the third section (5) a length of 1.5 millimeters.

The progressive increase in the width of each of the sections (3, 4 and 5), said minor increase being in the second section (2), due to the smaller angle of divergence of the edges (41), allows trapezoidal cuts to be made without loss of liquid and control the amplitude of the cut by means of the lines or grooves (32, 42 and 43) and by the maximum nominal width of the knife (1), corresponding to the rear end of the third section (5). Once the nature of the invention has been sufficiently described, as well as a preferred embodiment, it is stated for the appropriate purposes that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the described elements may be modified, provided that this does not imply an alteration. of the essential features of the invention that are claimed below.

Claims

1- Surgical knife, of the type used in the ophthalmological surgical sector, specifically in the realization of micro-incisions for cataract surgery, and which have a grip handle; characterized in that it comprises: a first section (3) of an isosceles triangular plan whose sides define two sharp edges (31) that form an angle between 15 and 45 degrees; a second section (4) of trapezoidal plan and increasing width towards its rear end, which extends from the first section (3) and whose sides form two sharp edges (41) that form an angle smaller than the edges (31) of the first section (3). a third section (5) that presents a trapezoidal configuration in plan, of increasing width towards the rear area, forming the sides of said third section

(5) two cutting edges (51) that form an angle between 15 and 45 degrees, said angle being greater than that formed by the cutting edges or edges (41) of the second section (4) of the knife.

2. Knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the sections (3,

4 and 5) are coplanar and have a constant thickness.

3. Knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting edges (31, 41 and 51) are coplanar.

4. Knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting edges 31) of the first section (3) form an angle of 30 degrees.

5. Knife, according to claim 1, characterized in that the first section (3) has, at its rear end, a width between 0.9 and 1.3 millimeters

6. Knife, according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that the first section (3) has, on its upper surface and in correspondence with its maximum width, a line or crease (32) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the knife.

7. Knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the second section (4) has, at its rear end, a width between 1.3 and 1.5 millimeters.

8. Knife according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that the second section has a length approximately equal to twice the length of the first section (3) of the knife.

9. Knife, according to claims 1, 7 and 8, characterized in that the second section (4) has, on its upper surface, two transverse lines or creases (42, 43) arranged in correspondence with its transverse middle zone and its rear end.

10. Knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the third section (5) has, at its rear end, a maximum width between 2.8 and 3.2 millimeters.

11. Knife according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that the third section (5) has a length greater than that of the first section (3) and less than that of the second section (5).