WO2005022715A1

WO2005022715A1 - Switching device

Info

Publication number: WO2005022715A1
Application number: PCT/AT2004/000076
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Koch
Original assignee: Moeller Gebäudeautomation KG
Priority date: 2003-08-28
Filing date: 2004-03-08
Publication date: 2005-03-10
Also published as: EP1661223A1; NO336674B1; ATA13572003A; DE502004003981D1; AT413310B; NO20061376L; EP1661223B1; ATE363759T1; PL1661223T3

Abstract

The invention relates to a switching device for an electrical distribution board, comprising a ground fault circuit interrupter (1) and at least two circuit breakers (8) mounted downstream thereof which protect one electric circuit each. The aim of the invention is to provide a system which allows to quickly reconnect the faultless electric circuits to the net once the ground fault circuit interrupter has been activated. For this purpose, a relay (7) is mounted directly upstream or downstream of each circuit breaker (8) and the relays (7) are controlled by a control unit (6) that controls a reclosing device (3) associated with the ground fault circuit interrupter (1). Said control unit (6), after activation of the ground fault circuit interrupter (1), opens the relays (7), controls the reclosing device (3) for switching on the ground fault circuit interrupter (1) and then sequentially closes the relays (7) according to a predetermined program.

Description

switching device

The invention relates to a switching device for an electrical distributor with a RCCB with a lever and at least two, this downstream line circuit breakers, each secure at least one circuit.

In known switching devices of this type, the circuit breakers are connected directly downstream of the FI circuit breaker. When the Fl-breaker responds and breaks the circuit, it is necessary, e.g. Find out which circuit is faulty by checking and measuring. After rectifying the fault or disconnecting the faulty device, the Fl-circuit breaker can be switched on again. The disadvantage of this known switching device is essentially that when a ground fault occurs in one of the connected to the Fl-circuit breaker and hedged via separate circuit breaker circuits all circuits are interrupted and remain interrupted until the error is found and the Flux Circuit breaker is switched on again. This results in a particular disadvantage when such a switching device is arranged in a household and on one of the circuits, for. a freezer is connected. If, in the absence of the operator, e.g. an error leading to the triggering of the Fl-circuit breaker, remains e.g. also a freezer, or other device whose failure causes considerable problems, disconnected from the mains, even if this itself or the circuit containing this device has no error, and remains switched off until the required checks and measurements are performed and the Fl Circuit breaker can be switched on again. In the event of a prolonged absence of the user, this can lead to considerable problems and damage.

The aim of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to propose a switching device of the type mentioned, in which in case of failure, a rapid switching on the error-free circuits is possible.

Erfϊndungsgemäß this is achieved in that each line-breaker relay is directly upstream or downstream, that a Wiederereinschaltgerat is provided for actuating the lever, and further a control unit is provided, the input side with the Fl-breaker and the output side with each relay and is connected to the reclosing device, whereby the control unit, depending on the switching state of the FI Circuit breaker starts a control program that controls the reclosing device and each relay individually or in groups according to a predetermined program.

The proposed measures ensure that, after the FI has been triggered,

Circuit breaker, which can be switched off by the relays, after which these circuits

Circuit breaker can be switched on again individually or in groups until after the faulty circuit has been switched on again, a repeated triggering of the fault

Circuit breaker is coming. After switching off the last switched-on circuit, the Fl-breaker can be switched on again, after which the remaining circuits can be switched on sequentially. l further embodiment of the invention can be provided that a memory device is provided which stores for each relay or for predetermined groups of relays, whether the last time the relay or the predeterminable group of relays in a predetermined time interval immediately after closing the Flux Circuit breaker has tripped or not.

So can be maintained maintenance free, in which circuits or groups of

Circuits the cause for a triggering of the Fl-circuit breaker should be found and appropriate measures are derived.

In continuation of the invention, it may be provided that a signaling device, such as e.g. a display device, modem module, SMS module, radio module or the like., For display and / or

Transmission of information is provided, whether the last time the relay or the predeterminable group of relays was triggered in a predetermined time interval immediately after closing the Fl-circuit breaker or not.

This will quickly indicate or report that certain circuits are defective and initiate the earliest possible repair of the damage.

The invention further relates to a method for controlling a switching device for an electrical distributor with a Fl-circuit breaker and at least two, this downstream line circuit breakers, each secure at least one circuit.

Another object of the invention is to propose a method for controlling a switching device according to the invention, which in the case of a response of the FI

Circuit breaker allows a quick and easy switching on all error-free circuits. According to the invention this is achieved in that after triggering a RCCB circuit breakers associated relays are opened, each of the relays each a circuit breaker directly upstream or downstream, the Fl-breaker is closed via a reclosing device, the relay are closed individually and / or in predeterminable groups in a predeterminable order, after closing one of the relay or one of the groups of relays in a predeterminable time, the triggering of the Fl-circuit breaker is detected, and if a trip is detected, the last switched relay or the last set group of relays is opened, the Fl breaker is closed via a reclosing device, and then the next relay or the next group of relays of the predeterminable order is closed.

The proposed measures, an electrical system after the occurrence of a fault that leads to a triggering of the Fl-circuit breaker, with the exception of a faulty circuit, are quickly put back into operation automatically. In particular, it can be provided that the relays are regrouped after the release of the Fl-circuit breaker.

This can be localized much faster, especially for the control of switching devices for very many circuit breaker defective circuits and the normal operation of error-free circuits can be restored. In continuation of the invention can be provided that after the triggering of the RCCB, at least one group of relays is divided into at least two subgroups of one or more relays.

Thus, in a first run of the method, it can be detected very quickly for the most circuits which groups of circuits are faultless, while in a further run of the method faulty circuits are more accurately located. Power interruptions are kept as short as possible for as many consumers as possible. Furthermore, it may be provided in a further development of the invention that after a predetermined waiting time, an open relay or group of open relays is closed, and in the case of triggering the Fl-protection circuit in a predeterminable time after closing the process starts again according to claim 1.

Thus it can be achieved that a circuit can be put back into operation, which has caused a fault current due to moisture, if this moisture has dried up in the meantime. The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which

Embodiments are shown, described in more detail. Showing:

1 shows schematically a switching device according to the invention,

1a shows a possible grouping of relays of the switching device according to the invention,

2 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention, and

Fig. 3 is a network of components of the control unit of the invention

Switching device.

The switching device of FIG. 1 has a Fl-circuit breaker 1, which is mounted in a, distributor 2 of conventional design. This Fl-breaker 1 is assigned a Wiederereinschaltgeärt 3, the actuator 4 'with a lever 4 of the Fl-circuit breaker 1 via a coupling 4 "is mechanically connected.

This reclosing device 3 is connected via a control bus 5 to a control unit 6. At this control bus 5 relay 7 are further connected, each associated with a line circuit breaker 8, or this upstream or downstream. The relays 7 are connected downstream of the Fl-circuit breaker 1.

As can be seen from the flow chart according to FIG. 2, after tripping A of the Fl-circuit breaker 1 due to an impermissible fault current, a shutdown B of all relays 7. Such relays can be particularly lockable and further suitable for load currents of, for example, 20 amperes , But there are also other types of relay 7 suitable for objective invention. After switching off all the relays 7, the residual current circuit breaker 1 is switched on by the reclosing device 3. Subsequently, the relays 7 are activated one by one or in groups in succession by correspondingly addressed signals from the control unit 6 and are switched on D until they are in a predeterminable time interval immediately after closing a relay 7 or a group T from the relay on renewed occurrence of a fault current / to a renewed trip E of the RCCB 1 due to a fault current comes and thus the faulty circuit has been detected.

Now the last switched on relay 7 or T group of relays of the control unit 6 is switched off F, or its contacts brought into the open position and the Fl-circuit breaker 1 by the Wiederereinschaltgerat 3 again turned on G. Subsequently, the remaining relay 7 or Groups 7 of relays sequentially from the Controlled control unit 6 and turned on H. It occurs, since it is unlikely that simultaneously two circuits that are secured by the circuit breakers 8, are faulty, usually no fault current, so that the Fl-breaker 1 does not trip. The faulty circuit remains switched off J. In a similar manner, however, the method can also locate and permanently switch off several faulty circuits which are assigned to a distributor 2.

This ensures that in the event of a fault occurring only the actually faulty circuit remains disconnected from the grid for a long time J, whereas the fault-free circuits are switched back to the mains after only a short break and stay. As a result, unnecessary damage can be avoided by a long-lasting shutdown from the grid, as they are e.g. be avoided at a longer shutdown of a freezing or cooling device.

In particular, in the case of an arrangement with many relays 7, which are jointly protected by a FI-protection switch 1, it may be useful to combine several relays 7 into groups 7 or subgroups 7 ", which can be switched together by the control unit 6. In particular This makes sense in electrical devices or groups of devices that require multiple circuits, as in the case of only one faulty circuit, the device or the device group should be completely disconnected from the electrical power supply and therefore the other circuits that provide this device should be interrupted.

In particular, in a variety of devices whose operation after a power failure is to be restored particularly quickly, for example in industry or the health sector, the process can be optimized so that through skillful grouping of relays 7 comparatively few cycles must be passed through and so special quickly faulty circuits can be identified and the faultless circuits can be put back into operation. On the one hand, relays 7 or groups 7 of relays (see Fig. 1a), which are assigned to particularly sensitive devices, can be preceded in the reclosing sequence. On the other hand, can be saved by restarting groups 7 of relay very much time, especially in groups 7, which contain only error-free relay 7, compared to a succession individual reclosure of the relay 7. In the case of a renewed trip I of the Fl-circuit breaker. 1 Now either the whole group 7 of relays can remain switched off, or else they can be tested in further cycles of the method, O

Which subgroups 7 "of relays or which relays 7 are assigned defective circuits The groupings of relays 7 to groups 7 or subgroups 7" can be suitably specified here on the basis of a given arrangement of electrical devices or device groups. In order to locate a damaged circuit as quickly as possible after the release of the Fl-circuit breaker 1 after reconnection of a group 7 of relays, suitable subgroups 7 "of relays 7 can also be formed, for example using a successive approximation, as long as the defective circuits are located and the faultless circuits are back in operation.

Fault currents can be caused for example by moisture. Now it is not unlikely that moisture causing a fault current will dry up after some time, and a faultless continued operation of the affected circuit is possible. Therefore, it can be provided that a disconnected circuit is put back into operation after some time by closing the associated relay. In the case of triggering the Fl-circuit breaker 1 in a predeterminable time interval immediately after closing, either the process of re-running, or all hitherto error-free circuits will be put back into operation, the still defective but not. By a storage device 9, which stores for each relay 7 or for predetermined groups 7 of relays, whether the last time the relay 7 or the predetermined group 7 of relays was triggered in a predetermined time interval immediately after the closing of the FI circuit breaker 1 can this can be done easily. Another way to quickly repair a damage that has caused a fault current is to provide a reporting device 10. The reporting device 10 may be, for example, a display device that provides information about the switching state of the relay 7 or groups 7 of relays, for example via LEDs or a digital display, or whether the last time the relay 7 or the predeterminable group 7 of relays in a predetermined time interval immediately after closing the Fl-breaker 1 has been triggered or not. This information can be received by the message device 10, in particular, directly from the memory device 9 or via the CPU 11 of the control unit 6.

The corresponding information can also be transmitted via a reporting device 10 in the form of a reporting module, an SMS module, a radio module or the like, whereby a remote monitoring of the circuits is possible. In Fig. 3, the components of the control unit 6 are themselves shown schematically. The core of the control unit 6 is the CPU 11, in which the program runs to control the method. The CPU 11 is in data communication with the memory device 9, which can store the program itself in coded form and can also save whether the last time the relay 7 or the predeterminable group 7 of relays in a predetermined time interval immediately after closing the Fl Circuit breaker 1 has been triggered or not. Via a bus interface 5 and a terminal 14, the control unit 6 is connected to the relay 7.

To control the individual relay 7 via bus, it is necessary that the participants of the system have unique addresses for their control. This can be achieved, on the one hand, by giving subscribers, such as recloser 3 and relay 7, factory-assigned unique addresses (e.g., serial numbers) and, on the other hand, by manually setting an address with addressing switches 13.

FIG. 3 further shows a reporting device 10 in the form of a display device with three symbolically indicated LEDs. Here is also a reset button 10 'is proposed by the example, a restart of the method according to claim 1 can be triggered. For operation of the control unit 6, a power supply 12 is further provided. This power supply can be fed from the mains on the one hand, but also be battery-backed.

Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

1. Switching device for an electrical distributor with a Fl-circuit breaker (1) with a lever (4) and at least two, this downstream line circuit breakers (8), each fuse at least one circuit, characterized in that each line circuit breaker ( 8) a relay (7) is directly upstream or downstream, that a Wiederereinschaltgerat (3) for actuating the lever (4) is provided, and further a control unit (6) is provided, the input side with the Fl-circuit breaker (1) and the output side is connected to each relay (7) and the Wiederereinschaltgerat (3), wherein by the control unit (6) depending on the switching state of the Fl-circuit breaker (1) starts a control program that the Wiederereinschaltgerat (3) and each relay (7 ) individually or in groups according to a predetermined program controls.

2. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that a memory device (9) is provided which stores for each relay (7) or for predeterminable groups (7 ') of relay (7), whether at the last closing of the relay (7) or the predeterminable group (7 ') of relays (7) has been triggered in a predetermined time interval immediately after closing the Fl-circuit breaker (1) or not.

3. Switching device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a signaling device (10), such. a display device, modem module, SMS module, radio module or the like., Is provided for displaying and / or transmitting information, whether the last time the relay (7) or the predetermined group of relays (7) in a predetermined time interval immediately after the Close the Fl-circuit breaker (1) has been tripped or not.

4. A method for controlling a switching device for an electrical distributor with a Fl-circuit breaker (1) and at least two, this downstream line circuit breakers (8), each secure at least one circuit, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that after triggering an FI Circuit breaker (1) line circuit breakers (8) assigned relays (7) are opened, each of the relay (7) each a line breaker (8) immediately upstream or downstream, the Fl-breaker (1) via a Wiederereinschaltgerat (3) is closed, the relays (7) individually and / or in predetermined groups (7 ') are closed in a predeterminable order, after closing one of the relay (7) or one of the groups (7') of relays in one predeterminable time the triggering of the Fl-circuit breaker (1) is detected, and if a trigger is detected, the last switched relay (7) or the last switched group (7 ') is opened by relay, the Fl-breaker (1) via a reclosing device (3) is closed, and then the next relay (7) or the next group (7 ') is closed by relays of the predetermined order.

5. A method for controlling a switching device according to claim 4, characterized in that after triggering the Fl-circuit breaker (1) the relays (7) are regrouped.

6. A method for controlling a switching device according to claim 5, characterized in that after the triggering of Fl-circuit breaker (1) at least one group (7 ') of relays in at least two subgroups (7 ") of one or more relays (7) is divided.

7. A method for controlling a switching device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that after a predetermined waiting time an open relay (7) or group (7 ') of open relay (7) is closed, and in the case of triggering the Fl-protection switch (1) in a predeterminable time after closing the method according to claim 1 restarts.