WO2005105954A1 - Pyrolyser with drawers and use thereof - Google Patents
Pyrolyser with drawers and use thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005105954A1 WO2005105954A1 PCT/GB2005/001086 GB2005001086W WO2005105954A1 WO 2005105954 A1 WO2005105954 A1 WO 2005105954A1 GB 2005001086 W GB2005001086 W GB 2005001086W WO 2005105954 A1 WO2005105954 A1 WO 2005105954A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pyrolyser
- drawer
- drawers
- chamber
- exotherm
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/70—Incinerating particular products or waste
- F23G2900/7007—Incinerating or pyrolysing used batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pyrolyser for pyrolysing materials or objects, for example lithium ion batteries, which undergo an exotherm during the pyrolysis process .
- Pyrolysers are used in industry to heat materials such as scrap material so as to remove components such as lacquer or paint coatings by vaporization or burning.
- lithium-ion batteries When lithium-ion batteries are pyrolysed they produce an exotherm once each battery reaches a temperature of about 430 °C. The exotherm then raises the temperature of each battery and so raises the temperature of the pyrolyser chamber. The extent of this temperature rise is dependent upon the loading of the batteries and the volume of the chamber. For example, if 500 batteries are processed in a pyrolyser with about 5m 3 volume the exotherm can raise the temperature in the pyrolyser chamber to 850 °C. This temperature increase can imperil the structural integrity of the pyrolyser chamber.
- the production of multilayer circuit boards involves firing ceramic powders combined with organic binders in the presence of metals.
- the organic binders are removed in the firing process but this must be achieved without oxidising the metal. This is achieved by controlling the temperature and gaseous atmosphere of the firing process, for example in a pyrolyser.
- the problem is therefore to increase the amount of material that can be pyrolysed in a batch pyrolyser of a given volume without the temperature of the pyrolyser becoming too great during the pyrolysis.
- the present invention provides a pyrolyser comprising a pyrolyser chamber and two or more drawers wherein each drawer comprises sealing means such that the pyrolyser chamber is sealed when each drawer is either fully open or fully shut.
- the pyrolyser comprises two, three, four, five, six, seven or eight drawers, preferably at least four or five drawers.
- the sealing means is any means that enables the drawer to seal when fully open or fully shut.
- the sealing means is in the form of a thermally stable material on the sealing face of the drawer which forms a gas tight seal with the wall of the pyrolyser.
- the sealing means may be, for example, a thermally resistant gasket .
- the pyrolyser drawers are loaded, when open, with material to be pyrolysed. Typically, one drawer is then closed though this is not essential.
- the first drawer to be closed may be heated from cold in the pyrolyser or the first drawer may be closed once the pyrolyser has been turned on and/or reached a desired temperature.
- the pyrolyser is then turned on and heated to the desired temperature and the drawers are closed sequentially.
- the desired operational temperature of the pyrolyser depends on the material to be pyrolysed but is typically from 200 to 800°C, more preferably from 400 to 650°C and most preferably about 550°C.
- the time between closing one drawer and closing the next drawer is chosen so as to keep the temperature inside the pyrolyser chamber under control.
- the timing can be chosen so that an exotherm is occurring for the material in one drawer of the pyrolyser as the next drawer is closed. In this way the excess heat from the exotherm is used at the moment when extra heat is required to bring the cooler material from the newly closed drawer up to temperature for pyrolysis.
- each drawer may be closed after the exotherm has occurred for the previous drawer.
- Any material may be pyrolysed.
- the pyrolyser is particularly suitable for pyrolysing materials which cause an exotherm when pyrolysed.
- the pyrolyser is suitable for processing lithium-ion batteries .
- the pyrolyser is also suitable for processing other materials where the reaction needs to be controlled.
- the pyrolyser further comprises support means for the drawers when open.
- the pyrolyser drawers are opened and closed by remote operation.
- a pneumatic ram may be used to close the drawers remotely. This reduces the exposure of personnel to off-gas from the pyrolyser some of which escapes as each drawer is closed.
- the same mechanism is typically used to open the drawers, owing to their weight.
- the remote operation of the drawers may be controlled in such a manner, for example by computer software, so as to prevent the time interval between one drawer being closed and the next drawer being closed from being less than a certain number of minutes or hours .
- the pyrolyser typically comprises off-gas treatment equipment. Typically this takes the form of an after burner to combust the off-gas followed by a gas scrubber. The off-gas is then typically vented to the atmosphere.
- the pyrolyser typically has the advantage that it is easier to treat the off-gas from the pyrolyser compared to a conventional pyrolyser as the off-gas is produced over a longer period for a given amount of material being pyrolysed, and therefore the cleaning/scrubbing equipment for treating the off-gas can be in the form of a smaller unit than otherwise required for a pyrolyser of a given volume .
- Figure 1 is a schematic cross-section of part of a pyrolyser according to the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of the pyrolyser of Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a perspective view of the pyrolyser of Figure 1.
- FIG. 1 shows a section through part of a pyrolyser 10.
- the pyrolyser 10 comprises a pyrolyser chamber 1 and a drawer 2 which is supported on an internal frame 5 when closed and on an external frame 6 when open.
- the drawer 2 slides along the internal frame 5 by means of the runner 4 which incorporates castors (not shown) and slides along the external frame 6 by means of another such runner 4.
- the front of the drawer 2 and the back of the drawer 2 has a sealing face 3 which incorporates a thermal gasket (not shown) which forms a gas tight seal with the front or back face of the front of the pyrolyser chamber 1 respectively when the drawer is fully open or fully shut.
- the drawer 2 may be opened and shut by means of the handle 9.
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the pyrolyser 10.
- the pyrolyser 10 comprises four drawers 2 which are shown in the closed position, pushed fully into the pyrolyser chamber 1. (The drawer handles have been omitted from the drawing for clarity) .
- the pyrolyser 10 also has an external structure 6 which supports the drawers 2 when they are open.
- the pyrolyser 10 has an abatement section 7 to treat the off gases.
- FIG 3 shows a perspective view of the pyrolyser 10 (the pyrolyser chamber 1 of which is indicated schematically by the dotted line) .
- One drawer 2 of the pyrolyser is shown in the open position.
- the drawer 2 rests on the external structure 6 only part of which is shown in the Figure .
- the operation of the pyrolyser 10 of Figure 1 is described below for the pyrolysis of lithium ion batteries.
- each drawer 2 is loaded in turn in the open position with lithium ion batteries when the pyrolyser is cold.
- One drawer 2 is then shut using a pneumatic ram (not shown in the Figures) and the pyrolyser chamber 1 is brought up to temperature.
- a typical operational temperature is about 550 °C.
- the batteries undergo an exotherm for about 15 minutes. This may raise the temperature within the pyrolyser chamber 1 as high as 800 °C.
- a further drawer 2 is shut using the pneumatic ram. This process is repeated until all the drawers 2 are shut and the batteries in each drawer 2 have undergone an exotherm.
- the pyrolyser 10 is then typically run for another hour before being turned off.
- the pyrolyser chamber 1 is then allowed to cool which may take up to 12 hours depending on the amount of insulation in the walls of the pyrolyser chamber 1.
- the drawers 2 are then opened one at a time using the pneumatic ram, and unloaded.
- each drawer 2 may be shut as the batteries in the previous drawer 2 undergo their exotherm. In this way, the heat produced by the exotherm is used to heat up the cold batteries .
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT05729260T ATE489447T1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-22 | PYROLYZER WITH DRAWERS AND USE THEREOF |
DE602005024939T DE602005024939D1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-22 | PYROLYSATOR WITH DRAWER AND USE THEREOF |
EP05729260A EP1730251B1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-22 | Pyrolyser with drawers and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0408518.9A GB0408518D0 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | Pyrolyser |
GB0408518.9 | 2004-03-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005105954A1 true WO2005105954A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
Family
ID=32320950
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2005/001086 WO2005105954A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-22 | Pyrolyser with drawers and use thereof |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1730251B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE489447T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602005024939D1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0408518D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005105954A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB110113A (en) * | 1917-05-02 | 1917-10-11 | William Bell White | Improvements in Ovens and the like. |
GB637066A (en) * | 1948-05-26 | 1950-05-10 | Gas Light & Coke Co | Improvements in and relating to ovens |
US5632863A (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 1997-05-27 | Meador; W. R. | Battery pyrolysis process |
US5802993A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-09-08 | Meador; W. R. | Pyrolysis system and method |
-
2004
- 2004-03-31 GB GBGB0408518.9A patent/GB0408518D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2005
- 2005-03-22 AT AT05729260T patent/ATE489447T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-22 WO PCT/GB2005/001086 patent/WO2005105954A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-03-22 DE DE602005024939T patent/DE602005024939D1/en active Active
- 2005-03-22 EP EP05729260A patent/EP1730251B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB110113A (en) * | 1917-05-02 | 1917-10-11 | William Bell White | Improvements in Ovens and the like. |
GB637066A (en) * | 1948-05-26 | 1950-05-10 | Gas Light & Coke Co | Improvements in and relating to ovens |
US5632863A (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 1997-05-27 | Meador; W. R. | Battery pyrolysis process |
US5802993A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-09-08 | Meador; W. R. | Pyrolysis system and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE489447T1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
GB0408518D0 (en) | 2004-05-19 |
EP1730251A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
EP1730251B1 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
DE602005024939D1 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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