WO2006039434A1 - A method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system - Google Patents
A method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006039434A1 WO2006039434A1 PCT/US2005/035084 US2005035084W WO2006039434A1 WO 2006039434 A1 WO2006039434 A1 WO 2006039434A1 US 2005035084 W US2005035084 W US 2005035084W WO 2006039434 A1 WO2006039434 A1 WO 2006039434A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mobile station
- recited
- data
- almanac
- signal delay
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0205—Details
- G01S5/0236—Assistance data, e.g. base station almanac
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/10—Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements, e.g. omega or decca systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
Definitions
- A- GPS assisted global positioning system
- TDOA time difference of arrival
- BTS base transceiver station/tower
- a BTS holds the radio transceivers that define a cell and coordinate the radio-link protocols with the mobile MS.
- a cell defines a geographic area and is usually divided into sectors.
- a sector references a cell which divides its coverage area into several divisions.
- the number of sectors supported is variable, but it's common for there to be three. However, there exist 1 and 6 sector cells and possibly even 2, 4 and 5 sector cells defined by the radio transceivers held by a BTS. Typically, at least three towers are required to determine the MS position.
- Multilateration is the name applied to the technique of determining position from a MS- transmitting signal to more than one receiving tower.
- Forward link multilateration is the name applied to the A-GPS method wherein the MS receives signals from transmitting towers to determine position. Timing is critical to either technique of multilateration as an error of a mere ⁇ s in clock synchronization (e.g., among receiving/transmitting towers) can result in an error in MS position determination of about 984 feet.
- Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a mobile station, e.g., mobile phone or other personal communications device, and a number of base station transceiver stations/towers within a grid area.
- a mobile station e.g., mobile phone or other personal communications device
- base station transceiver stations/towers within a grid area.
- Figure 2 is a chart illustrating useful information to be held in an almanac holding delay data for sets of base station transceiver stations.
- Figure 3 illustrates a block diagram layout of a mobile station.
- Figure 4 illustrates a block diagram of a system according to one aspect of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating a mobile station, e.g., mobile phone or other personal communications device, and a number of base station transceiver stations/towers within a grid area.
- a mobile station e.g., mobile phone or other personal communications device
- base station transceiver stations/towers within a grid area.
- a system, a method, and a device for determining the position of a mobile station are provided using network assisted multilateration methodology.
- an almanac is prepared which contains distance range information from base station transceiver stations (cell towers) within an area mapped according to an organizational structure such as a grid. Note that "grid” as used herein need not have portions which are rectangular or even uniform in extent.
- the distance range information is stored in the almanac in the form of signal delay data.
- the signal delay to be measured can be that of a pilot signal. This is particularly useful for code division multiple access (CDMA) systems. For instance, in a CDMA system, each base station transceiver (BTS), i.e.
- PN pseudo noise
- the pilot signal is constantly transmitted on the pilot channel in order for the mobile device to acquire the system.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating mobile station 2, (e.g., mobile phone, personal digital assistant with wireless communications capability, portable computer with wireless communications capability, pager or other personal communications device) and a number of base station transceiver stations/towers 4 within grid area 6.
- mobile station 2 receives signals from a multiple number of sources including towers 4.
- a hypothesis test is made: namely, signals received by mobile station 2 came from a given set of towers, e.g. three towers.
- signal delay calculations from the hypothesized set of towers, based off of signal phase differences can be determined at mobile station 2 or the appropriate data can be forwarded from the mobile station to communications network computer 8 for remote computation.
- Figure 2 is a chart illustrating useful information to be held in almanac 10 of figure 1.
- Almanac 10 may list the tower set, its definition, and the reception delay associated with each member of the tower set.
- the tower set TGl may be defined as towers A, B and C.
- the delays associated with each tower in the group are noted. Consequently, a 2 ⁇ s delay is shown for tower A, a 2.4 ⁇ s delay is shown for tower B and a 4 ⁇ s delay is shown for tower C.
- the comparison of measured data and almanac data is manifested through the determination of the correlation between the measured data and almanac data.
- the correlation between measured data and almanac data is determined in connection with assigning a probability score to a broadcast from each (or most likely combination) set of towers and the corresponding actual signal delays measured based on the hypothesis test.
- AU towers and combinations of towers need not be considered in the comparison of almanac and actual delay data. Selection of towers to be considered in the comparison can result from consideration of the strength of the pilot signal emanating from a BTS, etc. For instance, only sets of BTS sites having at least one BTS site in trie set with a pilot signal strength above a specified threshold level need be considered in the comparison.
- the probability score can be assigned by network computer 8 of figure 1.
- the signal delays will be made apparent by a phase difference between pseudo-random noise code sequences being received by the mobile station from the transmitting towers. It can reasonably be assumed that the probability score can be determined using a Gaussian distribution, since according to the Central Limit Theorem, a large group of independent errors give a total error that is Gaussian.
- the probability score can be based on the number of standard deviations away from a mean. Note that should the actual delays of the signals exactly match the hypothetical delays associated with a set of transmitting towers, the probability score for this set of transmitting towers is 1.
- the particular set of transmitting towers are the ones to use in determining the position of the mobile station in connection with using a multilateration method.
- a Gaussian distribution curve is superimposed on the diagram of figure 1.
- the position of mobile station 2 at n ⁇ along the abscissa axis could, for instance, signify the correlation of the collected data from the almanac data.
- the network computer making the signal delay determinations for received signals need not be the same computer performing the almanac comparison.
- the probability scores can be stored in a database, preferably a temporary database, for selection of the probability score of greatest correlation to almanac data representative of a set of base stations, by a device which functionally serves as a selector.
- computer 8 of figure 1 can carry out the selector functionality.
- the position of the mobile station is determined using multilateration assuming broadcast in the vicinity of the set of most probable towers using a method of TDOA from the set of most probable towers.
- the position determination process is restarted, beginning with the collection of signal delay data by the mobile station. This process is repeated until a single probability score emerges representative of a single set of towers of greatest correlation to the collected data.
- the position of the mobile station in one aspect of the invention, is preferably indicated in terms of longitude and latitude readings. However, these readings can be further mapped to a point on a street map, atlas, etc.
- the foregoing method pertains to forward link multilateration since the mobile station 2 receives the signals transmitted from towers 4 in connection with making position determinations.
- Figure 3 illustrates a block diagram layout of mobile station 2 which includes display 3 connected to radio frequency (RF) section 7 and processor 8.
- Signal delay calculations can be performed within processor 8 in connection with running software 9 capable of making signal delay calculations.
- RF section 7 provides the communication link through antenna 12 to the communications network. Results of a position determination can be shown on display 3 in the form of latitude and longitude readings.
- processor 8 through memory 11 can provide mapping of latitude and longitude readings to mapped locations (street map, atlas, etc.) for indication on display 3.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of a system according to one aspect of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- almanac 10 data containing sets of signal delay information for sets of BTSs, is compared with measured delay data 12 by comparator 14.
- the comparisons performed by comparator 14 are stored in database 16 in the form of a probability score.
- Selector 18 selects a set of BTSs by identifying the best score corresponding to the set of BTSs which represent the nearest set of BTS transmission sources to a mobile station (not shown).
- Multilateration equipment 20 fixes the position of the mobile station based on set of BTSs selected by selector 18.
- the fixes determined by multilateration equipment 20 can be forward to the mobile station or to other locations, e.g., 911 dispatcher, fleet dispatcher, etc.
- a mobile station position fix can be estimated using less than three BTSs.
- the system is said to be overdetermined. Consequently, it is possible to obtain a more accurate position determination solution as greater transmit ranges are ascribed to more towers. This permits a better determination of a mobile station position fix and a better determination of which towers are the most likely source of signals to mobile station 2.
- two BTSs can used to obtain a fix of the relative range between each of the two BTSs and the mobile station.
- FIG 5 is a diagram illustrating mobile station 2 and a number of base station transceiver stations/towers 4 within grid area 6
- two towers 4 are chosen as the source of signals to mobile station. These towers have been circumscribed by circles 50 and 52 which are indicative of the tower coverage area according to a given tower transmit range constraint.
- Almanac 10 of figure 2 can comprise information pertaining to a tower set defined by pairs of BTSs. Signal delay information contained within almanac 10 for each tower set is compared with measured delay data received by mobile station 2. The comparisons are transformed into a probability score which tracks the correlation of the measured signal delay with the delay found in almanac 10.
- a set of BTSs is identified with the best score corresponding to ttie set of BTSs which represent the nearest set of BTS transmission sources to a mobile station. Knowing the coverage area of BTSs, a most likely mobile station position can be picked along a line 54 defined by the two intersecting points of circles 50 and 52 within the given tower transmit range constraint. [00021] Li any of the foregoing embodiments of the invention, historical positioning data may be taken into account in determining position. Should mobile station 2 have its position indicated at point A in grid area 6, then in connection with a predetermined amount of time which has elapsed since the previous position determination, the probability score for towers in the vicinity of the previous position is more heavily weighted.
- the weighting may depend specifically on the mode of transportation used in connection with the mobile station. For instance, if the mode of transportation the rate of change of position will likely be much greater than that associated with a mode of transportation by foot.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007534777A JP2008515351A (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2005-09-28 | Method for locating a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system |
AU2005291960A AU2005291960A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2005-09-28 | A method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system |
CA002582099A CA2582099A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2005-09-28 | A method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system |
EP05803236A EP1795038A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2005-09-28 | A method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system |
CN2005800392702A CN101061735B (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2005-09-28 | A method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system |
IL182163A IL182163A0 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2007-03-25 | A method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/954,847 US7702338B2 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2004-09-29 | Method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system |
US10/954,847 | 2004-09-29 |
Publications (1)
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WO2006039434A1 true WO2006039434A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2005/035084 WO2006039434A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2005-09-28 | A method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7702338B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1795038A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008515351A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100910328B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101061735B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005291960A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2582099A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL182163A0 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2363117C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006039434A1 (en) |
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- 2005-09-28 RU RU2007116114/09A patent/RU2363117C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-28 CA CA002582099A patent/CA2582099A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-09-28 JP JP2007534777A patent/JP2008515351A/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-09-28 KR KR1020077009576A patent/KR100910328B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-28 WO PCT/US2005/035084 patent/WO2006039434A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-09-28 EP EP05803236A patent/EP1795038A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-28 CN CN2005800392702A patent/CN101061735B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2007
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KR100892241B1 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2009-04-09 | 한국전기연구원 | Wireless position recognition system and method thereof |
KR100938806B1 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2010-01-28 | 대구대학교 산학협력단 | Wireless Sensor Node Position Tracking Method Using Probability Filtering of RF Received Signal Strength |
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US9386542B2 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2016-07-05 | Google Technology Holdings, LLC | Method and apparatus for estimating transmit power of a wireless device |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2363117C2 (en) | 2009-07-27 |
JP2008515351A (en) | 2008-05-08 |
RU2007116114A (en) | 2008-11-20 |
KR100910328B1 (en) | 2009-07-31 |
KR20070065407A (en) | 2007-06-22 |
AU2005291960A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
IL182163A0 (en) | 2007-07-24 |
EP1795038A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
CN101061735B (en) | 2013-05-08 |
CA2582099A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
US7702338B2 (en) | 2010-04-20 |
CN101061735A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
US20060068809A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
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