WO2006108329A1

WO2006108329A1 - A medical bone fastening method and a bone screw thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2006108329A1
Application number: PCT/CN2005/001853
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wei Liang; Xiong Liang
Original assignee: Wei Liang
Priority date: 2005-04-12
Filing date: 2005-11-04
Publication date: 2006-10-19

Abstract

A medical bone screw includes a screw body (1) and a screw cap (2) locating at the front of the screw body (1). It is characterized in that: A through hole (3) runs through the whole screw body (1) and the screw cap (2). A shaft (4) is fitted in the through hole. One end of the shaft (4) extends outside of the screw cap (2) freely. An expanding head (5) being slightly larger than the through hole in diameter is arranged on the other end. The expanding head (5) lies on the outside of the end of the screw body.

Description

Medical bone fixing method and fixing thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of medical orthopedics fixed surgery, in particular to a medical bone fixing method and a fixing nail thereof. '

technical background '

After the bones are broken due to various reasons, the bones are firstly repositioned, the two sections are aligned, and then fixed by orthopedic fixation equipment. In the fixed way > depending on the specific conditions of the fracture, external fixation or internal fixation. In terms of internal fixation, the two ends of the bone are currently fixed by steel plates and screws or Kirschner wires. The technique of connecting with a steel plate and fixing the screw has the following problems: The degree of firmness of the screw fixing depends on the thickness, density and resistance of the connected cortical bone. For the micro bone, for example, the skull neck bone, 颧Bone, humerus and pine shield bones, because of their small thickness and resistance, the screws are not strong enough, the strength is small, and even the screws cannot be fixed. When the screw is fixed, it needs to be rotated, so the operation is inconvenient, and a large surgical wound is required, which is very traumatic to the tissue outside the bone. In the fixed operation of micro bones, because the strength of the bone is much smaller than the strength of the screw, and it is very fragile, in the process of fixing the rotating screw, it is easy to cause the bone to be broken or even broken, resulting in irreparable trauma, difficulty in operation. Very high, the technical requirements of the doctor are also very demanding. Moreover, when the screw is firmly fixed, it is particularly affected by bone density and thickness, and the application range is limited, and some cancellous bone cannot be used at all. The above technical defects have led to defects in the bone fixation effect in the existing bone fixation surgery.

Chinese Patent Application No. 97190009.4 discloses a bone screw which is expanded by an expansion rod after screwing in a screw to achieve the purpose of reinforcing the fastening force. However, due to the use of threaded nails, a screw driver is required to screw the bone into the bone, so a larger surgical wound is required for the screw drive to rotate. Moreover, in the process of screwing the bone nail into the bone, it is easy to laterally compress the bone, causing the bone cake to rupture, resulting in unfixable consequences. Therefore, this solution requires the doctor to carefully operate during the operation and select a suitable fixed position, and this solution is not suitable for the connection surgery of a very thin bone cake, which causes application limitations.

Summary of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a bone fixing method which has a strong fixing force, a high fixing strength, can be applied to all bones of a human body, a small surgical wound, and a fixing nail thereof.

The present invention achieves the object of the invention by the following technical solutions.

The invention firstly provides a method for fixing a medical bone chromium, which is connected by a cooperation of a fixing plate and a fixing nail to connect the broken bone cheese. The process is as follows: First, the fractured bone is initially positioned at a fixed position, after the bone fracture Generally, misalignment occurs, so it must be reset and positioned at a position where it is required to be fixed; and a connection hole corresponding to the fixing hole of the fixing plate is provided on both sides of the bone joint joint for mounting the fixing nail and the connecting hole. The diameter is generally equal to the end of the staple. Next, the end of the fixing nail is passed through the fixing hole of the fixing plate and inserted into the connecting hole of the bone; the opening of the fixing plate is smaller than the nail cap, and the nail cap at the front end of the fixing nail is stuck to the outside of the fixing plate. The end of the fixing nail is deformed, and the end of the fixing nail is deformed and can be stuck to the bone On the inside of the iliac, the nail cap is used to fasten the fixing plate and the bone.

Another medical bone fixation method provided by the present invention is to directly connect the fractured bone through the fixing nail, and the specific operation steps are as follows: First, as in the first method, the fractured bone path is initially positioned at a fixed position, and in which A hole is formed in one of the bones, and the connecting hole is penetrated into the other bone through the joint, and the diameter of the connecting hole is smaller than the nail cap. Then, the fixing nail end passes through the connecting hole through one of the bones to the other bone, and the nail cap at the front end of the fixing nail is stuck to the outside of the bone. Finally, the ends of the fixing nails are also deformed, and the two bones are fastened together with the nail cap. Or use a single nail to fix the two split bones in a riveted manner. .

The surgical method provided by the present invention can be fixed because the nail body is not required to be rotated, and is not fixed by the thread and the bone. Therefore, when the bone is fixed, the traumatic surface of the extra-skeletal tissue is small, and minimally invasive can be achieved. The operation is also very simple. Special tools can be used to open holes in the bones, such as medical drills, lasers, ultrasonics or high pressures. Compared with the existing direct use of screw fixing nails, the lateral compression force on the bones is small, and the bones are smaller. Damage, to ensure that the bone does not break during the drilling process. This makes it possible to apply a variety of bones, even small flaky bones. In addition, the fixation of the present invention fixes the steel plate and the bone by means of riveting, and therefore is less affected by the thickness, density, and resistance of the quality of the connected bone skin, and has a wide application range, and all the sizes of the whole body can be applied, and The degree of fixation is extremely high and the strength is extremely large. In the above two methods, since the strength of the fixing nail is small due to the pre-opening of the connecting hole, the fixing nail can be made more compact, and the diameter is generally 1 to 6 mm.

The manner in which the end of the fixing nail is deformed in the final step of the present invention can take various forms, such as various forms such as memory metal, chemical expansion, and temperature expansion. The most economical way is to apply a pulling force or pressure to the end of the fixing nail through a shaft hole provided in the center of the fixing nail to expand or bend the end of the fixing nail, which is similar to the way of the industrial expansion screw. The fixing nail in this manner can simplify the structure, particularly for the bone fixing fitting for the human body, since the fitting needs to be miniaturized, the simpler the fitting structure, the more convenient the processing and production, and the mass production can be performed. Moreover, the fixing nail of this method forms a riveted structure after fixing, has high structural stability, and the damage to the bone during the connecting process is also very small, which is favorable for the rapid recovery of the patient.

The invention discloses a fixing nail for a medical bone using the above two methods, the structure comprises a nail body and a nail cap located at the front end of the nail body, and a through hole is formed through the whole nail body and the nail cap in the through hole. The core body is sleeved, one end of the core body is freely extended outward from the nail cap, and the other end is provided with an expansion head having a diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the through hole, and the expansion head is located outside the end of the nail body. During use, the length of the nail body is cut according to the thickness of the fixed bone and the depth of the connecting hole, and the nail body is inserted into the connecting hole. Then, the core body and the nail body are reversely moved, and a pulling force is applied to the front end of the core body, so that the expansion head at the end enters the through hole in the nail body, and the front portion of the nail body expands and expands under the pressure of the expansion head, and the nail cap A riveted structure is formed to secure the components to be joined. The shape of the expansion head of the present invention is a rotating body of a geometric surface whose outer side is outwardly curved, and the front end may have a transitional inclined surface, which is advantageous for squeezing the front end deformation of the nail body. The end of the nail body is composed of at least two separate expanded sheets which are capable of being opened and deformed when pressed by the expansion head. After the tension is applied to the core to deform the end of the nail body, the core is sheared so that the front end is flush with the nail cap. It is also possible to provide an expansion head breaking neck at a core portion connected to the expansion head, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of other portions of the core. When a certain design tension is reached, the breaking neck of the end of the core breaks, the core separated from the expansion head is removed, and the expansion head is pressed into the through hole of the nail body, and the procedure of cutting is not required, which simplifies the operation. Cheng. It is also possible to form the expansion head into a structure having a Y-shaped cross section, and to provide a weakened portion in the middle portion or to make the expansion head into a hollow structure. When pressure is applied to the core, the expansion head deforms itself while deforming the end of the compression body, and finally can be extracted from the through hole, which is more safe and reliable.

Another fixing nail of the medical skeleton disclosed in the present invention comprises a nail body and a nail cap located at the front end of the nail body, and is also provided with a through hole through the nail body and the nail cap. The end of the nail body is composed of at least two separated expansion sheets, the inner diameter of the expansion piece is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, and the core body is sleeved in the through hole, and the front end of the core body is freely extended outward from the nail cap, and the end The diameter is between the inner diameter enclosed by the expansion sheet and the diameter of the through hole. In the process of using, the nail body is inserted into the connecting hole, and then the core is pressed, and the expanding piece at the end of the nail body is pushed up. Since the inner diameter of the expanding piece is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, under the action of the core body Can deform outward and expand. When the deformation is sufficient for the nail cap to be fixed, the core is withdrawn or the core is cut off to be flush with the nut. It is also possible to add a top core in the through hole and at the front end of the core body, and the diameter of the top end of the core is between the inner diameter of the expanded piece and the diameter of the through hole. During use, the core is pushed by the core to deform the extruded sheet, and finally the core is withdrawn, leaving the top core between the expanded sheets, keeping the expanded sheet in a deformed state.

The fixing nails of the above two structures can be made of stainless steel or titanium-rhenium metal materials, and the titanium-rhenium metal material has the characteristics of high strength, strong corrosion resistance, small rejection reaction in the human body, and can be retained in the human body for a long time without replace. It can also be made of polymer and human absorbable materials. As a new type of surgical material, polymer materials can be slowly absorbed by the body and form part of the human body, so it is safer. In order to ensure that the fixing nails do not fall off, the present invention can distribute teeth or rough surfaces on the surfaces of the above two types of nails. ' ·

The present invention has the following outstanding substantive features and significant advances over the prior art.

1. The method of the invention has simple steps and simple operation, and can be applied to minimally invasive surgery;

2. The bone fixed by the method can be in close contact, has good firmness, strong fastening force, and is not easy to be displaced after fixation, which is beneficial to the patient to recover as soon as possible;

3. This method is not only suitable for the repair of general bone damage, but also can be applied to the processing and finishing of bones in cosmetic surgery;

4. The method has little damage to the bone during the operation process, and can be applied to various bones of the human body, especially for small and thin bones, which can ensure that it will not be broken and has a good fixing effect, and overcomes Major shortcomings of existing rotary fixing nails;

5. The fixing nail of the invention has a good fixing effect, and the bone after fixing is not loose or relatively sliding, and has high reliability;

6. The fixing nail has a simple structure, is convenient for industrial production and processing, and can be made into a very small size, is suitable for fixing a plurality of small and thin-shaped bones, and has a small surgical wound area, which is favorable for postoperative recovery of patients. .

7. The fixing nail of the present invention has various structures, and the fixing method can be carried out in two ways, which is convenient for the doctor to select a suitable fixing nail structure and a surgical method for different types of surgery and surgical parts during the operation. High flexibility and greatly improved surgical results;

8. The fixation nail is easy to operate during the operation, no need for excessive surgical wounds, which is conducive to the minimally invasive surgery. Applying, reducing the suffering of the patient, is conducive to rehabilitation.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view showing the operation of Embodiment 1 of the method of the present invention;

2 is a schematic view showing the operation of Embodiment 2 of the method of the present invention; FIG. 3A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the fixing nail of the present invention;

Figure 3B is a view showing the state of use of the embodiment of Figure 3A; - Figure 4A is a schematic view showing the structure of the embodiment 2 of the fixing nail of the present invention; Figure 4B is a view showing the state of use of the embodiment of Figure 4A;

5A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the fixing nail of the present invention; FIG. 5B is a view showing a state of use of the embodiment of FIG. 5A;

6A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the fixing nail of the present invention; FIG. 6B is a view showing a state of use of the embodiment of FIG. 6A;

7A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the fixing nail of the present invention; FIG. 7B is a view showing a state of use of the embodiment of FIG. 7A;

8A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6 of the fixing nail of the present invention; FIG. 8B is a view showing a state of use of the embodiment of FIG. 8A;

9A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 7 of the fixing nail of the present invention; FIG. 9B is a view showing a state of use of the embodiment of FIG. 9A;

FIG. 10A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 8 of the fixing nail of the present invention; FIG. 10B is a view showing a state of use of the embodiment of FIG. 10A;

11A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 9 of the fixing nail of the present invention; FIG. 11B is a view showing a state of use of the embodiment of FIG. 11A;

Figure 12A is a schematic view showing the structure of the embodiment 10 of the present invention; Figure 12B is a view showing the state of use of the embodiment of Figure 12A;

13A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 11 of the fixing nail of the present invention;

Figure 13B is a cross-sectional view of Figure 13A;

Figure 13C is a view showing the state of use of the embodiment of Figure 13A;

14A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 12 of the fixing nail of the present invention; FIG. 14B is a view showing a state of use of the embodiment of FIG. 14A;

15A is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 13 of the fixing nail of the present invention; and FIG. 15B is a view showing a state of use of the embodiment of FIG. 15A;

Figure 16A is a schematic view showing the structure of the embodiment 14 of the fixing nail of the present invention; Figure 16B is a view showing the state of use of the embodiment of Figure 16A;

17A is a schematic view showing a state before fixing of a fixing nail according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 17B is a schematic view showing a state after fixing of a fixing nail according to Embodiment 15 of the present invention; FIG. 18A is a schematic view showing a state before fixing of a fixing nail according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention; A schematic diagram of the state of the fixing nail embodiment 16 after being fixed. detailed description

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Method embodiment 1

As shown in Fig. 1, the operation process is as shown by the arrow in the figure. The bones A and C broken by the method of the present embodiment are connected by the fixing plate B and the four fixing nails 10, as shown in the first figure of Fig. 1. Firstly, the fractured skeletons and C are initially positioned at a fixed position, and the connection holes 12 corresponding to the fixing holes 11 of the fixing plate B are respectively provided on both sides of the joints of the bones A and C, and the connection holes 12 can be It is opened by laser, combined with the first figure and the second S of Fig. 1. Then, the end of the fixing nail 10 is passed through the fixing hole 11 of the fixing plate B and inserted into the connecting hole 12 of the bones A and C, and the nail cap at the front end of the fixing nail 10 is stuck on the outer side of the fixing plate B, as shown in the second figure. Show. A pulling force is applied to the core of the fixing nail 10 to deform the end of the fixing nail 10, and when the deformation is sufficient to match the nail cap connecting the fixing plate 2 and the bones A and C, the excess core is cut. The structure after the fixation is as shown in the third figure. It can be seen that as long as the very small connecting holes 12 are formed in the bones A and C and the diameter is about 1 to 2 mm, the two bones can be fixed by the fixing nail 10 and the fixing plate B. A and (:. The difference from the existing surgical method is that the method of the present invention pre-opens the connecting hole 12 and is fixed by the fixing nail 10. The method of the present invention is based on the method of directly using the fixing nail to punch the hole. The damage is very small, and it is particularly applicable to the connection between thin and weak bone paths, such as, for example, the skull neck bone.

Method embodiment 2

The method of this embodiment is to connect the fractured bones A and C directly through the fixing nails 10, and the fixing process is as shown by the arrow in Fig. 2. First, the fractured bones A and C are initially positioned at a fixed position, and a connection hole 12 is formed in the bone C, and the connection hole 12 is inserted through the joint to another bone A, as shown in the first figure. Then, the end of the fixing nail 10 is passed through the connecting hole 12 through one of the bones C to the other bone A, and the nail cap at the front end of the fixing nail 10 is stuck to the outside of the bone C. After the fixing nail 10 is installed, the thrust is applied to the core, as shown in the second figure. The core deforms the end of the fixing nail 10, connects the two bones A and C with the nail cap, and then extracts the core to complete the fixation of the bones A and C, as shown in the third figure.

In the above two method embodiments, how the core deforms the end of the fixing nail 10 under the action of tension or thrust, and the specific structure of the fixing nail 10 is further explained below.

Fixing nail embodiment 1

A fixing nail for a medical bone cake as shown in FIG. 3A includes a nail body 1 and a nail cap 2 at a front end of the nail body 1. The through hole 3 extends through the entire nail body 1 and the nail cap 2 in the through hole 3 The core body 4 is sleeved, and one end of the core body 4 is freely extended outward from the nail cap 2, and the other end is provided with an expansion head 5 having a diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 3, and the expansion head 5 is located outside the front end of the nail body 1. The fixing nail is made of a titanium-niobium metal material, and in the process of using, the length of the appropriate nail body 1 is first cut according to the thickness of the bone to be fixed. Then, the fixing nail passes through the fixing plate B to the pre-opening connection hole of the bone A, and then applies a pulling force to the core body 4 to move the expansion head 5 relative to the nail body 1, and the expansion head 5 presses the end of the nail body 1, The expansion deformation is performed, and the fixing plate B and the bone A can be riveted together with the nail cap 2. After the fixed connection of the fixing plate B and the bone A is achieved, the excess core 4 is cut so that its front end is flush with the nail cap 2, as shown in Fig. 3B. It can be seen that the operation of the fixing nail of the present invention is very convenient, and since the conventional universal rotary driving device is not used in the operation, it is not necessary during the operation. Opening a larger opening allows for minimally invasive purposes.

Fixing nail embodiment 2

This embodiment is a further improvement in the structure of Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG. 4A, the modified structure is provided with an expansion head breaking neck 6 at a portion of the core 4 to which the expansion head 5 is connected, and a small diameter f core. 4 diameter of other parts. Made of titanium-rhenium metal material, a tensile force is applied to the core body 4 to bring the belt; when the expansion head 5 presses the end of the nail body 1, when the tensile force reaches a certain design tension, the cutting neck of the front end of the core 4 is pulled. 6 is broken, the core 4 separated from the expansion head 5 is removed, and the expansion head 5 is pressed into the through hole 3 in the nail body 1. The end of the expanded nail body 1 is fitted with a nail cap 2 to rive the fixing plate B and the bone A as shown in Fig. 4B. This embodiment does not require the step of cutting off the excess core 4, so the operation is stronger. Simple, it can be used for skeletal connections in environments where the surgical space is relatively small, such as in minimally invasive surgery.

Fixing nail embodiment 3

This embodiment is a further improvement in the structure of the embodiment 1. As shown in Fig. 5A, the modified structure is such that the end of the nail body 1 is processed to be composed of four separate expanded sheets 8. When the pulling force is applied to the core 4, since the end of the nail body 1 is a structure of the separated expanding sheet 8, it is more likely to be deformed when it is received by the expansion head 5. The fixing nail of the embodiment is made of a titanium-niobium metal material and is suitable for use in a surgery requiring a high fixing force. Since the fixing force is required to be high, in order to apply the structure of the small fixing nail, the material strength of the fixing nail is inevitably increased, which makes it difficult to deform. Therefore, the end of the nail body 1 is processed into the structure of the expanded sheet 8, which is advantageous for the deformation of the end of the nail body 1, and the strength of the main portion of the nail body 1 is still high, which can meet the surgical requirements, as shown in Fig. 5B.

Fixed Ding Example 4

This embodiment is further improved on the basis of the second embodiment, and the outer surface of the nail body 1 shown in Fig. 6A is provided with teeth 9. The present embodiment is made of a polymer material absorbable by a human body, and is deformable in a range smaller than that of a titanium-niobium metal material. Therefore, after the tooth 9 is added, as long as the end of the nail body 1 is slightly deformed, the tooth 9 can be opened and snapped on the inner side of the bone A, as shown in Fig. 6B, to strengthen and prevent the falling off.

Fixed Ding Example 5

This embodiment is modified in the third embodiment. As shown in Fig. 7A, the expansion head 5 is processed into a circular shape, so that the expansion head 5 can expand the angle of the expansion sheet 8 during the process of pulling out the core body 4. It is large and easier to deploy, as shown in Fig. 7B, which is more advantageous for the fixation of the nail body 1.

Fixed example 6

This embodiment is modified in the embodiment 4, as shown in Fig. 8A, the expansion head 5 is processed into a circular shape, so that the expansion head 5 can more easily expand the end of the nail body during the process of pulling out the core body 4, The circular expansion head after separation from the core 4 can make the angle at which the teeth are deployed larger, as shown in Fig. 8B, which is more advantageous for the fixation of the nail body 1. .

Fixing nail embodiment 7

A fixing nail for a medical skeleton as shown in FIG. 9A includes a nail body 1 and a nail cap 2 at a front end of the nail body 1. The through hole 3 extends through the entire nail body 1 and the nail cap 2, and is sleeved in the through hole 3. The core body 4 is disposed, and one end of the core body 4 is freely extended outward from the nail cap 2, and the other end is provided with an expansion head 5 having a diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 3, and the expansion head 5 is located outside the front end of the nail body 1, has a Y-shaped cross section, and is provided with a weakened portion 7 at its middle portion, and the end of the nail body 1 is processed to be composed of four separate expanded sheets 8. Made of a titanium-niobium metal material, the expansion sheet 8 is easily deformed by the expansion head 5 during use. Since the expansion head 5 is also provided with the deformed weak portion 7, it deforms the expansion sheet 8 while itself Deformation occurred. As shown in Fig. 9B, the deformed expansion head 5 can be directly withdrawn from the through hole 3, and the core 4 does not remain in the nail body 1, so that the use is more complete and has less influence on the human body. ' .

Fixed 4 D. Example 8

The fixing nail structure shown in Fig. 10A is similar to that of the embodiment 7. The cross section of the expansion head 5 is also Y-shaped, and a weakened portion 7 is provided in the middle portion, and the tooth 9 is provided on the outer side of the end of the nail body 1. When the core 4 is pulled out, the expansion head 5 presses the end of the nail body 1 to deform it, and the teeth 9 are opened, and the nail cap 2 is fixed to the bone A and the fixing plate as shown in Fig. 10B. At the same time, the expansion head 5 is also deformed and can be directly pulled out through the through hole 3. The core 4 does not remain in the nail body 1, so that the use is safer and has less influence on the human body.

Fixing nail embodiment 9

A fixing nail of a medical skeleton as shown in FIG. 11A includes a nail body 1 and a nail cap 2 at a front end of the nail body 1. The through hole 3 extends through the entire nail body 1 and the nail cap 2, and is sleeved in the through hole 3. The core body 4 is disposed, and one end of the core body 4 is freely extended outward from the nail cap 2, and the other end is provided with an expansion head 5 having a diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 3. The expansion head 5 is located outside the front end of the nail body 1, and is hollow. The structure has a cavity 71 therein. The end of the nail body 1 is processed to be composed of four separate expanded sheets 8. It is made of a titanium-niobium metal material. During use, the expanded sheet 8 is easily deformed by the expansion head 5. Since the expansion head 5 has a hollow structure, it deforms itself while deforming the expanded sheet 8. As shown in Fig. 11B, the deformed expansion head 5 can be directly withdrawn from the through hole 3, and the core 4 does not remain in the nail body 1, so that it is safer to use and has less influence on the human body.

Fixed 4 Ding Example 10

The fixing nail structure shown in Fig. 12A is similar to that of the embodiment 9, and the expansion head 5 is a hollow structure having a cavity 71 therein, which is different from the outer side of the nail body 1 with teeth 9. During the process of pulling out the core 4, the expansion head 5 presses the end of the nail body 1 to deform it, and the teeth 9 are opened, and the nail cap 2 is fixed to the bone A and the fixing plate as shown in Fig. 12B. At the same time, the expansion head 5 is also deformed and can be directly pulled out through the through hole 3. The core 4 does not remain in the nail body 1, so that the use is safer and has less influence on the human body.

Fixing nail embodiment 11

The present embodiment provides a medical skeleton fixing nail of a new structure. As shown in FIG. J3A, the nail body 11 and the nail cap 21 at the front end of the nail body 11 are included. The end of the nail body 11 is composed of four discrete pieces 81. . Referring to the cross-sectional view of FIG. 13B, a through hole 31 is inserted through the nail body 11 and the nail cap 21. The inner diameter of the expansion piece 81 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 31. The core 41 is placed in the through hole 31, and the front end of the core 41 is placed. Freely protrudes outward from the ^ Γ cap 21. The inside of the inflated piece 81 forms a wedge-shaped hole, and the end of the core body 41 has a wedge shape, and the end diameter is between the inner diameter of the expanded piece 81. and the diameter of the through hole 31. It is made of a polymer material that can be absorbed by the human body. In the process of use, a connection hole corresponding to the fixing plate B is opened on the bone A, and after the fixing nail is inserted, a thrust is applied to the core 41 as shown in Fig. 13C. When the core 41 moves forward, the expansion piece 81 is pushed outwardly to expand, and the bone A and the fixing plate are fixed in cooperation with the 4-cap 21, and the core 41 is finally extracted, and the protruding portion of the core 41 can also be cut. Divide it so that it is flush with the nut 2 .

Fixed Ding Example 12

This embodiment is a further improvement of the embodiment 11. As shown in Fig. 14A, teeth 91 are provided on the outer side of the expansion piece 81. When the expansion piece 81 is expanded outward, the teeth 91 are opened, which can further To solid, the role of the role, as shown in Figure 14B. 'Fixed 4 Ding Example 13'

The embodiment is further improved on the embodiment 11. As shown in FIG. 15A, in the through hole 31, the top end of the core 41 is provided with a top core 61, and the diameter of the end of the top core 61 is between the expansion sheets 81. Between the enclosed inner diameter and the diameter of the through hole 31. During use, pressure is applied to the core 41 to move the jacking core 61 forward, the top core 61 presses the expanding sheet 81 to expand, and finally engages inside the expanding sheet 81, so that it can continue to expand. The core 41 is taken out to complete the fixing, as shown in Fig. 15B.

Fixing nail embodiment 14 '

This embodiment combines the advantages of Embodiment 12 and Embodiment 13, and is provided with a top core 61 and teeth 91. As shown in FIG. 16A, the fixed structure is as shown in FIG. 16B, and has a better stability and is generally used. Surgical treatment of bones with high strength requirements.

Fixing nail embodiment 15

In this embodiment, the fixing nail structure of the embodiment 2 is adopted, and the two bones A and the two bones A are directly fixed without passing through the fixing plate. As shown in Fig. 17A, the two bones 'cake A and C are initially positioned, and medical operation is performed. Drill a connecting hole through the bones C to A, insert the fixing nail, and then apply an outward pulling force to the core 4. According to the use procedure described in Embodiment 2, the end of the nail body 1 will expand, with the nail The cap fixes the two bones A and C, and the breaking neck 6 of the front end of the core 4 is broken, 'the core 4 separated from the expansion head 5 is removed, and the expansion head 5 is pressed into the through hole 3 in the nail body 1, as shown in Fig. 17B. Shown.

Fixing nail embodiment 16

In this embodiment, the fixing nail structure of Embodiment 13 is adopted, and the two bones A and (: are not directly fixed by the fixing plate; as shown in FIG. 18A, the two bone paths A and C are initially positioned, and the high pressure water gun is used. A connecting hole is formed through the bones C to A, a fixing nail is inserted, and then an inward thrust is applied to the core 41. According to the use procedure described in Embodiment 9, the jacking core 61 is moved forward, and the top core 61 The compression expansion piece 81 is expanded, and finally engaged with the inside of the expansion piece 81, and the two bones A and C are fixed by the nail cap so as to be kept in an expanded state, and the core 41 is taken out to be fixed, as shown in Fig. 18B.

Claims

Claim

A method for fixing a medical bone cake, the broken bones are connected by a fixing plate and a fixing nail, and the method comprises the following steps:

1 preliminarily positioning the fractured bone cake at a fixed position, and respectively forming a connection hole corresponding to the fixing hole on the fixing plate on both sides of the bone joint joint;

2 insert the end of the fixing nail through the fixing hole of the fixing plate and insert into the connecting hole of the bone, and the nail cap at the front end of the fixing nail is stuck on the outer side of the fixing plate;

3 Deform the end of the fixing nail, and connect the fixing plate and the bone with the nail cap.

2. A method of medical bone fixation, in which the fractured bones are connected by a fixing nail, which is characterized by the following steps:

1 The initial position of the fractured epiphysis is fixed at a fixed position, and a connecting hole is formed in one of the bone paths, and the connecting hole penetrates the joint to the other bone;

2 passing the end of the fixing nail through the connecting hole through one of the bones to the other piece of bone cheese, and the nail cap at the front end of the fixing nail is stuck on the outer side of the bone;

3 Deform the end of the fixing nail and connect the two bones with the nail cap.

The method for fixing a medical bone cake according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the deformation in the step 3 is to apply a pulling force or a pressure to the end of the fixing nail through a shaft hole provided at a center of the fixing nail, so that the end of the fixing nail is fixed. Expand or bend. '

A fixing nail for a medical bone, comprising a nail body (1) and a nail cap (2) at a front end of the nail body (1), characterized in that a through hole (3) runs through the entire nail body (1) and the nail cap (2), a core is placed in the through hole (3)

(4), one end of the core body (4) is freely extended outward from the nail cap (2), and the other end is provided with an expansion head (5) having a diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the through hole (3), and the expansion head (5) is located at the nail The outer end of the body (1).

The fixing nail according to claim 4, characterized in that the core (4) portion connected to the expansion head (5) is provided with an expansion head breaking neck (6) whose diameter is smaller than that of other parts of the core body (4). diameter.

The fixing nail according to claim 4, characterized in that the expansion head (5) has a Y-shaped cross section and is provided with a weakened portion (7) at a central portion thereof.

7. A fixing nail according to claim 4, characterized in that the expansion head (5) is a hollow structure.

A fixing nail according to claim 4, characterized in that the end of the nail body (1) is composed of at least two separate expanded sheets (8).

A fixing nail for a medical bone, comprising a nail body (11) and a nail cap (21) at a front end of the nail body (11), characterized in that a through hole (31) penetrates the nail body (11) and the nail cap ( 21), the end of the nail body (11) is composed of at least two separated expansion sheets (81), and the inner diameter of the expansion piece (81) is smaller than the diameter of the through hole (31), and the through hole (31) is sleeved The core body (41), the front end of the core body (41) is freely extended outward from the cap (21), and the end diameter is between the inner diameter of the expanded piece (81) and the diameter of the through hole (31). ·

The fixing nail according to claim 9, characterized in that in the through hole (31), the front end of the core body (41) is provided with a top core (61), and the diameter of the end of the top core (61) is between the expansion sheets ( 81) Between the enclosed inner diameter and the diameter of the through hole (31).

A fixing nail according to claim 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, which is made of a stainless steel or titanium tantalum metal material.

A fixing nail according to claim 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, which is made of a high-quality, human absorbable material.

A fixing nail according to claim 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, characterized in that the outer surface of the nail body is distributed with a tooth or a rough surface.