WO2007004854A1 - Frame structure of superframe transmitted in wireless network, method for transmitting the superframe, and method for controlling devices' wakeup by using the superframe - Google Patents

Frame structure of superframe transmitted in wireless network, method for transmitting the superframe, and method for controlling devices' wakeup by using the superframe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007004854A1
WO2007004854A1 PCT/KR2006/002639 KR2006002639W WO2007004854A1 WO 2007004854 A1 WO2007004854 A1 WO 2007004854A1 KR 2006002639 W KR2006002639 W KR 2006002639W WO 2007004854 A1 WO2007004854 A1 WO 2007004854A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
superframe
lws
period
wpan
gws
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2006/002639
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Chang Mo Chung
Prashant Wason
Sunil Dilipkumar Jogi
Original Assignee
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. filed Critical Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP06769185A priority Critical patent/EP1900176A4/en
Priority to CN2006800245869A priority patent/CN101218801B/en
Publication of WO2007004854A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007004854A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
    • H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protocol adaptation layer (PAL) defined in a media access control layer (MAC) of a wireless communication network, and more particularly to a superframe structure and a method of synchronization of wakeup periods among devices in a wireless network.
  • PAL protocol adaptation layer
  • MAC media access control layer
  • the WPAN wireless personal area network
  • the WPAN indicates data transmission in a local area, i.e. in a range from approximately several tens of centimeters to several tens of meters, and a personalized wireless network for smooth communication with devices in neighborhood.
  • the WPAN is known as a brilliant solution since it does not require a communication infrastructure due to its characteristics, is easily applicable to various types of devices, and has good cost and power efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the WPAN according to the IEEE 802.15 standard.
  • various types of devices i.e. a digital camera, a printer, a keyboard, an MP3 player, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mouse, a digital subscriber line (xDSL), Access Point (AP) and a scanner, configures the WPAN as a coordinator, centering around a computer.
  • Each of the devices is connected by a wireless method using a predetermined frequency band, instead of a wired method.
  • the WPAN under the IEEE 802.15 standard has various working group (WG) including four task groups (TG) discussing the IEEE 802.15 standard, and carrying out various activities for the standard.
  • WG working group
  • TG task groups
  • WiMedia ultra wide-band
  • the WiMedia is a decentralized network. Namely, each device in the WPAN takes care of itself, without a dedicated coordinator in the WPAN. Also, each device operates in an ad-hoc fashion. 2) Each device in the WPAN transmits a beacon according to a beacon period.
  • the WiMedia may use two types of access methods, a Distributed Reservation Protocol (DRP), and a Prioritized Contention Access (PCA).
  • DRP Distributed Reservation Protocol
  • PCA Prioritized Contention Access
  • WiMedia has a high data transmission rate and short transmission coverage, and operates with low power for power efficiency of the each device.
  • a new superframe structure and a method using the superframe which can maximize power efficiency of a device and minimize data traffic among devices in the WPAN are provided.
  • the present invention provides a superframe and a method using the superframe which can minimize data traffic in a WPAN since each device is informed of an awake/sleep mode of other devices in a neighborhood by broadcasting a local wakeup interval (LWI) in the WPAN.
  • LWI local wakeup interval
  • the present invention also provides a superframe and a method using the superframe which can maximize power efficiency of a transmission (Tx) device when transmitting to a target reception (Rx) device since each device is informed of an awake/sleep mode of other devices in a neighborhood by broadcasting a local wakeup interval (LWI) in a WPAN.
  • Tx transmission
  • Rx target reception
  • LWI local wakeup interval
  • the present invention also provides a superframe and a method using the superframe which can wake all devices in a WPAN according to a predetermined period by broadcasting a global wakeup interval (GWI) in the WPAN.
  • GWI global wakeup interval
  • the present invention also provides a superframe and a method using the superframe which can optimize power efficiency of data traffic and a device in a WPAN since each device dynamically controls its own awake/sleep mode in the WPAN.
  • a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication network including: a local wakeup superframe (LWS) period field including period information of a superframe where a device is awake; and an LWS Countdown field including number information of a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where the device is awake, is transmitted.
  • LWS local wakeup superframe
  • a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication network including: a global wakeup superframe (GWS) period field including information of a superframe (*"to be transmitted"?*) when all devices are awake in a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN); and, a GWS Countdown field including information of a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where all the devices are awake, is transmitted.
  • GWS global wakeup superframe
  • WPAN Wireless Personal Area Network
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a WPAN according to IEEE 802.15;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a superframe transmitted in a general WPAN and operations in awake/sleep modes between Rx and Tx devices;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of devices located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a frame structure of an LWS transmitted in a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a frame structure of a GWS transmitted in a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a period and a Countdown included in the LWS or the GWS according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating operations of awake/sleep modes of devices in a WPAN using the LWS or the GWS according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating operations of a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a superframe transmitted in a general WPAN and operations in awake/sleep modes between Rx and Tx devices.
  • a superframe 200 is continuously transmitted in the general WPAN.
  • Each of the devices wakes up according to its awake/sleep mode period.
  • the awake/sleep mode is for increasing power efficiency of the devices, and the Rx device is in the awake mode for two superframe durations, in the sleep mode in five subsequent superframe durations, and in awake mode in superframe durations after the five subsequent superframe durations.
  • the Tx device is in the sleep mode in an initial three superframe durations, and the Tx device is in the awake mode in subsequent superframe durations. Referring to the embodiment of FIG. 2, when the Tx device transmits data to the
  • the Rx device is in sleep mode during subsequent four superframe durations after the Tx device enters awake mode, consequently a transmitted superframe that the Rx device can not receive is wasted. Namely, in terms of the Rx device, power efficiency has decreased since, in terms of the WPAN, wasted data traffic has occurred.
  • FIG. 2 data transmission is possible through a superframe after the Tx/Rx devices wake up.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of devices located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • each of the eight devices has its own particular transmission coverage and performs networking in the WPAN.
  • the devices 310 through 340 may be any one of a digital camera, a printer, a keyboard, an MP3 player, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mouse, an xDSL Access Point (AP) or a scanner, similar to the various types of devices of FIG. 1.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • AP xDSL Access Point
  • Each of the devices in the WPAN transmits a superframe in a form as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and subsequently each of the devices is informed of an LWI of other devices in a neighborhood and a GWI in the WPAN.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a frame structure of an LWS transmitted in a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a superframe 400 includes a beacon slot 410 and a data slot
  • the beacon slot 410 includes an information element (IE) which is an LWI IE 430, the LWI IE 430 being included in the superframe 400 according to the present invention.
  • the LWI IE 430 includes an LWS period field 431 and an LWS Countdown field 432.
  • a value recorded in the LWS period field 431 includes period information of a superframe 400 where a corresponding device is awake. Specifically, when the corresponding device is in sleep mode for two superframe durations, and when the device is in awake mode for subsequent superframe durations, the value recorded in the
  • the LWS period field 431 becomes three.
  • the period information recorded in the LWS period field 431 may be an established value depending upon a user's need of the device, or a value determined by the device, based on a local parameter of the WPAN.
  • the local parameter for establishing the LWS period field 431 may be at least any one of current traffic information for the device, expected traffic information, channel condition of the WPAN, or a power level of the device.
  • a value recorded in the LWS Countdown field 432 includes information of a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where the device is awake is transmitted.
  • the LWS Countdown field 432 has an initial value, i.e. one less than the value in the LWS field 431, and in a subsequent superframe, has a value one less than the LWS Countdown field value 432 in a previous superframe. Referring to FIG. 6, the establishing of the value in the LWS Countdown field 432 will be described in detail below.
  • a value of the LWS period field 431 included in LWI IE 615 of an LWI 610 is three
  • a value of the LWS period field 431 included in LWI IE 615 is three
  • an initial value of the LWS Countdown field 432 is two.
  • a value of the LWS period field 431 included in LWI IE 625 of LWS 620 is three and a value of the LWS Countdown field 432 becomes one.
  • a value of the LWS period field 431 included in LWI IE 635 of the LWS 630 is three and a value of the LWS Countdown field 432 becomes zero.
  • a corresponding device is awake and operates in awake mode when the LSW 630 where a value of the LWS Countdown field 432 becomes zero is transmitted.
  • the device after been maintained in awake mode during a predetermined number of superframe transmissions, returns to sleep mode, a value of the LWS period field 431 included in the LWI IE 645 of the LWS 640 is established as three, and an initial value of the LWS Countdown field 432 is established as two. With respect to a subsequent LWS, the operations described above are repeated.
  • LWS field Countdown 432 The above mentioned values of LWS field Countdown 432 are taken as an example for convenience of description, and the initial value of the LWS Countdown field 432 and the value of the LWS Countdown field 432, where the corresponding device is awake, may be established as different values. Modification or variation of the values of the LWS Countdown field 432 would be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a frame of a GWS transmitted in a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • one superframe 500 includes a beacon slot 510 and a data slot 520.
  • the beacon slot 510 includes an IE which is a GWI IE(530) that is included in the superframe 500 according to the present invention.
  • the GWI IE 530 includes a GWS period field 531 and a GWS Countdown 532.
  • a value recorded in the GWS period field 531 includes period information of a superframe 500 when all devices in the WPAN are awake.
  • a value of the GWS period field 531 becomes three.
  • the period information recorded in the GWS period field 531 may be determined by a device acting as a coordinator, i.e. a gateway or a bridge in the WPAN, and also may be determined according to network types, e.g. control, media or data, a network load or other parameters.
  • a value recorded in the GWS Countdown field 532 includes information about a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where all devices in the WPAN are awake is transmitted.
  • the GWS Countdown field 532 has an initial value, i.e. one less than the value in the GWS field 531, and in a subsequent superframe, has a value one less than the GWS Countdown field value 532 in a previous superframe.
  • the establishing of the value in the GWS Countdown field 532 will be described in detail below.
  • a value of the GWS period field 531 included in GWI IE 615 of GWI 610 is three
  • a value of the GWS period field 531 included in the GWI IE 615 is three and an initial value of the GWS Countdown field 532 is two.
  • a value of the GWS period field 531 included in GWI IE 625 of GWS 620 is three and a value of the GWS Countdown field 532 becomes one.
  • a value of the GWS period field 531 included in GWI IE 635 of the GWS 630 is three and a value of the GWS Countdown field 532 becomes zero.
  • GWS Countdown field 532 becomes zero, all devices communicating with a corresponding device in the WPAN, including a device acting as a coordinator in the WPAN, wake up. After the devices are awake, when the devices, maintained in the awake mode during a predetermined superframe duration, return to sleep mode, a value of the GWS period field 531 included in the GWI IE 645 of the LWS 640 is established as three, and an initial value of the GWS Countdown field 532 is established as two. With respect to a subsequent GWS, the operations described above are repeated.
  • the values of GWS field Countdown 532 are taken as an example for convenience of explanation, the initial value of the GWS Countdown field 532 and the value of the GWS Countdown field 532 where the corresponding devices are awake may be established as different values. Modification or variation of values of the GWS Countdown field 532 would be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
  • Method of controlling awake/sleep mode using LWS/GWS By referring to FIG. 7, a method of controlling awake/sleep mode between devices located in the WPAN according to the present invention will be described using the LWS and the GWS described by referring to FIGS. 4 through 6.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating operations of awake/sleep mode operations of devices in the WPAN using the LWS or the GWS according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a global wakeup period (GP) for a device (G/W) acting as a gateway is six
  • a local wakeup period (LP) for a device 1 is three
  • an LP for a device 2 is five
  • an LP for a device 3 is seven.
  • (G/W) is awake in subsequent SF durations. Since the GP is established as six, the device 1 through device 3, performing communicating with the device (G/W), wake up to operate in awake mode for corresponding SF durations. Since the LP for the device
  • the device 1 operates in sleep mode for two initial SF durations, wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 3 rd duration and again wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 6 l SF duration according to the GP.
  • the device 2 Since the LP for the device 2 is five, the device 2 operates in sleep mode for four initial SF durations, wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 5 th SF duration and the device 2 again wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 6 l SF duration according to the GP. Conversely, since the LP for the device 3 is seven, the device 3 wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 6 th SF duration according to the GP and stays awake to operate in awake mode for a 7 th SF duration.
  • all devices in the WPAN operate in awake/sleep mode according to the LWS or GWS, generated from a device in the WPAN.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 a method of operation of a device in the WPAN, where the method of controlling awake/sleep mode, using the LWS/GWS, is performed, and a configuration of the device will be described in detail.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the method of operations of the device located in the WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device located in the WPAN determines an LWS period, as described with reference to FIG. 4, in operation 810.
  • the LWS period in operation 810 includes period information of a superframe where a corresponding device is awake. Specifically, when the corresponding device is in sleep mode for two superframe durations, and when the device is in awake mode for subsequent superframe durations, the LWS period becomes three.
  • the period information recorded in the LWS period may be an established value depending upon a user's need of the device, or a value determined by the device, based on a local parameter of the WPAN.
  • the values of the LWS period and the LWS Countdown field established in operation 810 is recorded in an LWI IE of a beacon slot of the LWS and an LWS in the WPAN is broadcasted.
  • the LWI IE includes the LWS period field and the LWS Countdown field, and values of the LWS period and the LWS Countdown are recorded in each field.
  • operation 830 when a subsequent superframe is transmitted, a value of one less than a value of the LWS Countdown field in a prior superframe is included in the LWI IE, and is repeatedly broadcasted.
  • whether the value of the LWS Countdown field reaches zero or not is determined, and when the value of the LWS Countdown field reaches to zero, the device wakes up in operation 850.
  • a global wakeup using the GWS, broadcasted in the WPAN, is performed together with the local wakeup described in operations 810 through 850.
  • the value of the LWS Countdown field in the operation 840 of FIG. 8 does not reach zero, the value of the GWS Countdown field is heard in operation 860, the value of the GWS Countdown field being included in the GWS.
  • operation 870 whether the heard value of the GWS Countdown field reaches zero or not is determined.
  • a global wakeup is performed in operation 880.
  • the LWS is repeatedly broadcasted, and operation 830 is repeated.
  • the device in the WPAN broadcasts pattern information with respect to its own awake/sleep mode through the LWS in the WPAN. Accordingly other devices in neighborhood are informed of the awake/sleep mode of a corresponding device. Therefore, a Tx device, which wishes to transmit data to a predetermined target Rx device, monitors awake/sleep mode of the target Rx device and is able to transmit predetermined data when the target Rx device wakes up to operate in awake mode. Accordingly, the wasted superframe duration described with reference to FIG. 2 may be reduced and traffic efficiency in the WPAN and power efficiency of the Tx device may be optimized.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a device located in the WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device according to the present invention is a MAC, and includes a PAL 900 and a predetermined physical layer (PHY) 910.
  • PHY physical layer
  • the PAL 900 may include a local parameter analysis unit 920, an LWS period management unit 930, a Countdown unit 940, a superframe generation unit 950, a control unit 960, and a GWS period/Countdown management unit 970.
  • the PHY 910 controls physical transmission and an interfacing with a wireless media.
  • the local parameter analysis unit 920 determines an LWS period by analyzing the local parameter of a corresponding device located in the WPAN.
  • the local parameter may be at least any one of current traffic information for the device, expected traffic information, channel condition of the WPAN, or a power level of the device.
  • a algorithm for determining the LWS period by analyzing the local parameter may be variously designed.
  • the LWS period management unit 930 maintains a value of the LWS period determined in the local parameter analysis unit 920, or a value of the LWS period inputted from a user, as a setting value. According to the values of the LWS period, a value of the LWS Countdown included in the LWI IE of the LWS is determined.
  • the Countdown unit 940 transmits a value of one less than the value of the LWS Countdown, whenever the LWS is transmitted.
  • the superframe generation unit 950 broadcasts the values of the LWS period and the LWS Countdown to the WPAN through the PHY 910 by inserting the values of the LWS period that is maintained in the LWS period management unit 930, and the LWS Countdown that is transmitted from the Countdown unit 940.
  • the control unit 960 controls a device to be awake, according to the values of the LWS period and the LWS Countdown. Specifically, when a value of the LWS Countdown of the Countdown unit 940 reaches zero, a corresponding device is controlled to operate in awake mode by performing local wakeup signaling. Also, when a value of the GWS Countdown, included in the GWS heard from the GWS period/countdown management unit 970, reaches zero, a corresponding device is controlled to operate in awake mode by performing global wakeup signaling.
  • FIG. 9 The configuration of the device, generating of the LWS, and controlling awake/sleep mode using the LWS is illustrated in FIG. 9, and a configuration of a device, generating the GWS, and controlling awake/sleep mode using the GWS is similar to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 9, since a logic generating the GWS is similar to the logic generating the LWS.
  • the PAL 900 and the PHY 910 of the configuration of the device in the WPAN are taken as an example described as a functional module performing the method of generating the LWS/GWS and controlling awake/sleep mode, name modification, also segmentation/combining or the like of the functional module using the LWS/GWS of the present invention may fall into a category of the present invention.
  • the present invention may be applicable to a network technique for controlling awake/sleep mode of each device in the WPAN, adopting other methods instead of the WiMedia.
  • a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication which can minimize data traffic in a WPAN since each of devices is informed of an awake/sleep mode of other devices in a neighborhood by broadcasting a local wakeup interval (LWI) in the WPAN.
  • LWI local wakeup interval
  • a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication which can maximize power efficiency of a transmission (Tx) device when transmitting to a target reception (Rx) device since each of devices is informed of an awake/sleep mode of other devices by broadcasting a local wakeup interval (LWI) in a WPAN.
  • a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication which can wake all devices in a WPAN according to a predetermined period by broadcasting a global wakeup interval (GWI) in the WPAN.
  • GWI global wakeup interval
  • a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication which can optimize power efficiency of data traffic and a device in a WPAN since each of devices dynamically controls its awake/sleep mode in the WPAN.

Abstract

A PAL defined in a MAC of a wireless communication network, and more particularly, a superframe structure and a method of synchronization of wakeup periods among devices in the wireless communication network, is provided. The superframe transmitted/received in a WPAN includes: a LWS period field including period information of a superframe where a device is awake; and an LWS Countdown field including information of a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where the device is awake is transmitted.

Description

FRAME STRUCTURE QF SUPERFRAME TRANSMITTED INWIRELESS
NETWORK, METHOD FORTRANSMITTINGTHE SUPERFRAMEAND
METHOD FOR CONTROLLINGDEVICES' WAKEUPBYUSINGTHE
SUPERFRAME
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a protocol adaptation layer (PAL) defined in a media access control layer (MAC) of a wireless communication network, and more particularly to a superframe structure and a method of synchronization of wakeup periods among devices in a wireless network.
Background Art
Recently, as a people's interest to a home networking becomes increased, a wireless personal area network (WPAN) technique that is a personal networking solution utilized in a local area, i.e. in a range of approximately 10 meters, has become the focus of attention. The WPAN indicates data transmission in a local area, i.e. in a range from approximately several tens of centimeters to several tens of meters, and a personalized wireless network for smooth communication with devices in neighborhood. The WPAN is known as a brilliant solution since it does not require a communication infrastructure due to its characteristics, is easily applicable to various types of devices, and has good cost and power efficiency.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the WPAN according to the IEEE 802.15 standard.
Referring to FIG. 1, various types of devices, i.e. a digital camera, a printer, a keyboard, an MP3 player, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mouse, a digital subscriber line (xDSL), Access Point (AP) and a scanner, configures the WPAN as a coordinator, centering around a computer. Each of the devices is connected by a wireless method using a predetermined frequency band, instead of a wired method.
The WPAN under the IEEE 802.15 standard has various working group (WG) including four task groups (TG) discussing the IEEE 802.15 standard, and carrying out various activities for the standard. A WPAN ultra wide-band (UWB) communication method, so called WiMedia, under discussion for IEEE 802.15.3, has characteristics as follows:
1) The WiMedia is a decentralized network. Namely, each device in the WPAN takes care of itself, without a dedicated coordinator in the WPAN. Also, each device operates in an ad-hoc fashion. 2) Each device in the WPAN transmits a beacon according to a beacon period.
3) The WiMedia may use two types of access methods, a Distributed Reservation Protocol (DRP), and a Prioritized Contention Access (PCA).
It is important that the WiMedia has a high data transmission rate and short transmission coverage, and operates with low power for power efficiency of the each device.
Accordingly, in the present invention, in the WiMedia communication method for the WPAN, a new superframe structure and a method using the superframe which can maximize power efficiency of a device and minimize data traffic among devices in the WPAN are provided.
Disclosure of Invention Technical Goals
The present invention provides a superframe and a method using the superframe which can minimize data traffic in a WPAN since each device is informed of an awake/sleep mode of other devices in a neighborhood by broadcasting a local wakeup interval (LWI) in the WPAN.
The present invention also provides a superframe and a method using the superframe which can maximize power efficiency of a transmission (Tx) device when transmitting to a target reception (Rx) device since each device is informed of an awake/sleep mode of other devices in a neighborhood by broadcasting a local wakeup interval (LWI) in a WPAN.
The present invention also provides a superframe and a method using the superframe which can wake all devices in a WPAN according to a predetermined period by broadcasting a global wakeup interval (GWI) in the WPAN.
The present invention also provides a superframe and a method using the superframe which can optimize power efficiency of data traffic and a device in a WPAN since each device dynamically controls its own awake/sleep mode in the WPAN.
Technical solutions
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication network including: a local wakeup superframe (LWS) period field including period information of a superframe where a device is awake; and an LWS Countdown field including number information of a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where the device is awake, is transmitted. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication network including: a global wakeup superframe (GWS) period field including information of a superframe (*"to be transmitted"?*) when all devices are awake in a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN); and, a GWS Countdown field including information of a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where all the devices are awake, is transmitted.
Brief Description of Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a WPAN according to IEEE 802.15;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a superframe transmitted in a general WPAN and operations in awake/sleep modes between Rx and Tx devices;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of devices located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a frame structure of an LWS transmitted in a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a frame structure of a GWS transmitted in a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a period and a Countdown included in the LWS or the GWS according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating operations of awake/sleep modes of devices in a WPAN using the LWS or the GWS according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating operations of a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a superframe transmitted in a general WPAN and operations in awake/sleep modes between Rx and Tx devices.
Referring to FIG. 2, a superframe 200 is continuously transmitted in the general WPAN. Each of the devices wakes up according to its awake/sleep mode period. In FIG. 2, the awake/sleep mode is for increasing power efficiency of the devices, and the Rx device is in the awake mode for two superframe durations, in the sleep mode in five subsequent superframe durations, and in awake mode in superframe durations after the five subsequent superframe durations. Also, the Tx device is in the sleep mode in an initial three superframe durations, and the Tx device is in the awake mode in subsequent superframe durations. Referring to the embodiment of FIG. 2, when the Tx device transmits data to the
Rx device, the Rx device is in sleep mode during subsequent four superframe durations after the Tx device enters awake mode, consequently a transmitted superframe that the Rx device can not receive is wasted. Namely, in terms of the Rx device, power efficiency has decreased since, in terms of the WPAN, wasted data traffic has occurred. In FIG. 2, data transmission is possible through a superframe after the Tx/Rx devices wake up.
In the embodiment of FIG. 2, a case that a small number of the devices are located in the WPAN will be described with FIG. 3 as below, however a greater number of devices may be located in a general WPAN, . FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of devices located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 3, eight devices are located in one WPAN, each of the eight devices has its own particular transmission coverage and performs networking in the WPAN. The devices 310 through 340 may be any one of a digital camera, a printer, a keyboard, an MP3 player, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mouse, an xDSL Access Point (AP) or a scanner, similar to the various types of devices of FIG. 1. Each of the devices in the WPAN transmits a superframe in a form as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and subsequently each of the devices is informed of an LWI of other devices in a neighborhood and a GWI in the WPAN.
Frame Structure of LWS FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a frame structure of an LWS transmitted in a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 4, a superframe 400 includes a beacon slot 410 and a data slot
420. The beacon slot 410 includes an information element (IE) which is an LWI IE 430, the LWI IE 430 being included in the superframe 400 according to the present invention. The LWI IE 430 includes an LWS period field 431 and an LWS Countdown field 432.
A value recorded in the LWS period field 431 includes period information of a superframe 400 where a corresponding device is awake. Specifically, when the corresponding device is in sleep mode for two superframe durations, and when the device is in awake mode for subsequent superframe durations, the value recorded in the
LWS period field 431 becomes three. The period information recorded in the LWS period field 431 may be an established value depending upon a user's need of the device, or a value determined by the device, based on a local parameter of the WPAN. The local parameter for establishing the LWS period field 431 may be at least any one of current traffic information for the device, expected traffic information, channel condition of the WPAN, or a power level of the device.
A value recorded in the LWS Countdown field 432 includes information of a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where the device is awake is transmitted. The LWS Countdown field 432 has an initial value, i.e. one less than the value in the LWS field 431, and in a subsequent superframe, has a value one less than the LWS Countdown field value 432 in a previous superframe. Referring to FIG. 6, the establishing of the value in the LWS Countdown field 432 will be described in detail below. As an example, when a value of the LWS period field 431 included in LWI IE 615 of an LWI 610 is three, a value of the LWS period field 431 included in LWI IE 615 is three, and an initial value of the LWS Countdown field 432 is two. Next, a value of the LWS period field 431 included in LWI IE 625 of LWS 620 is three and a value of the LWS Countdown field 432 becomes one. Next, a value of the LWS period field 431 included in LWI IE 635 of the LWS 630 is three and a value of the LWS Countdown field 432 becomes zero. A corresponding device is awake and operates in awake mode when the LSW 630 where a value of the LWS Countdown field 432 becomes zero is transmitted. The device, after been maintained in awake mode during a predetermined number of superframe transmissions, returns to sleep mode, a value of the LWS period field 431 included in the LWI IE 645 of the LWS 640 is established as three, and an initial value of the LWS Countdown field 432 is established as two. With respect to a subsequent LWS, the operations described above are repeated.
The above mentioned values of LWS field Countdown 432 are taken as an example for convenience of description, and the initial value of the LWS Countdown field 432 and the value of the LWS Countdown field 432, where the corresponding device is awake, may be established as different values. Modification or variation of the values of the LWS Countdown field 432 would be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
Frame Structure of GWS
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a frame of a GWS transmitted in a device located in a WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the description of FIG. 4, one superframe 500 includes a beacon slot 510 and a data slot 520. The beacon slot 510 includes an IE which is a GWI IE(530) that is included in the superframe 500 according to the present invention. The GWI IE 530 includes a GWS period field 531 and a GWS Countdown 532. A value recorded in the GWS period field 531 includes period information of a superframe 500 when all devices in the WPAN are awake. Specifically, when all devices are awake in subsequent superframe durations after three superframe durations, a value of the GWS period field 531 becomes three. The period information recorded in the GWS period field 531 may be determined by a device acting as a coordinator, i.e. a gateway or a bridge in the WPAN, and also may be determined according to network types, e.g. control, media or data, a network load or other parameters. A value recorded in the GWS Countdown field 532 includes information about a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where all devices in the WPAN are awake is transmitted. The GWS Countdown field 532 has an initial value, i.e. one less than the value in the GWS field 531, and in a subsequent superframe, has a value one less than the GWS Countdown field value 532 in a previous superframe.
Referring back to FIG. 6, the establishing of the value in the GWS Countdown field 532 will be described in detail below. As an example, when a value of the GWS period field 531 included in GWI IE 615 of GWI 610 is three, a value of the GWS period field 531 included in the GWI IE 615 is three and an initial value of the GWS Countdown field 532 is two. Next, a value of the GWS period field 531 included in GWI IE 625 of GWS 620 is three and a value of the GWS Countdown field 532 becomes one. Next, a value of the GWS period field 531 included in GWI IE 635 of the GWS 630 is three and a value of the GWS Countdown field 532 becomes zero. In the GWS 630 where the GWS Countdown field 532 becomes zero, all devices communicating with a corresponding device in the WPAN, including a device acting as a coordinator in the WPAN, wake up. After the devices are awake, when the devices, maintained in the awake mode during a predetermined superframe duration, return to sleep mode, a value of the GWS period field 531 included in the GWI IE 645 of the LWS 640 is established as three, and an initial value of the GWS Countdown field 532 is established as two. With respect to a subsequent GWS, the operations described above are repeated.
As described with reference to FIG. 4, the values of GWS field Countdown 532 are taken as an example for convenience of explanation, the initial value of the GWS Countdown field 532 and the value of the GWS Countdown field 532 where the corresponding devices are awake may be established as different values. Modification or variation of values of the GWS Countdown field 532 would be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Method of controlling awake/sleep mode using LWS/GWS By referring to FIG. 7, a method of controlling awake/sleep mode between devices located in the WPAN according to the present invention will be described using the LWS and the GWS described by referring to FIGS. 4 through 6.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating operations of awake/sleep mode operations of devices in the WPAN using the LWS or the GWS according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of the description, in FIG. 7, a case that the device is in awake mode for only one superframe duration after a corresponding device wakes up, and in subsequent superframes durations the device returns to sleep mode, is taken as an example. Referring to FIG. 7, a global wakeup period (GP) for a device (G/W) acting as a gateway is six, a local wakeup period (LP) for a device 1 is three, an LP for a device 2 is five and an LP for a device 3 is seven.
In a superframe (SF) 710 transmitted along a time axis, shown in FIG. 7, from a WPAN, the device (G/W) operates in sleep mode in initial SF durations, and the device
(G/W) is awake in subsequent SF durations. Since the GP is established as six, the device 1 through device 3, performing communicating with the device (G/W), wake up to operate in awake mode for corresponding SF durations. Since the LP for the device
1 is three, the device 1 operates in sleep mode for two initial SF durations, wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 3rd duration and again wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 6l SF duration according to the GP.
Since the LP for the device 2 is five, the device 2 operates in sleep mode for four initial SF durations, wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 5 th SF duration and the device 2 again wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 6l SF duration according to the GP. Conversely, since the LP for the device 3 is seven, the device 3 wakes up to operate in awake mode for a 6th SF duration according to the GP and stays awake to operate in awake mode for a 7th SF duration.
As described above, all devices in the WPAN operate in awake/sleep mode according to the LWS or GWS, generated from a device in the WPAN.
Method of Operation of Device in WPAN using LWS/GWS
By referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, a method of operation of a device in the WPAN, where the method of controlling awake/sleep mode, using the LWS/GWS, is performed, and a configuration of the device will be described in detail.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the method of operations of the device located in the WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 8, the device located in the WPAN determines an LWS period, as described with reference to FIG. 4, in operation 810. The LWS period in operation 810 includes period information of a superframe where a corresponding device is awake. Specifically, when the corresponding device is in sleep mode for two superframe durations, and when the device is in awake mode for subsequent superframe durations, the LWS period becomes three. The period information recorded in the LWS period may be an established value depending upon a user's need of the device, or a value determined by the device, based on a local parameter of the WPAN. In operation 820, the values of the LWS period and the LWS Countdown field established in operation 810 is recorded in an LWI IE of a beacon slot of the LWS and an LWS in the WPAN is broadcasted. The LWI IE includes the LWS period field and the LWS Countdown field, and values of the LWS period and the LWS Countdown are recorded in each field. In operation 830, when a subsequent superframe is transmitted, a value of one less than a value of the LWS Countdown field in a prior superframe is included in the LWI IE, and is repeatedly broadcasted. In operation 840, whether the value of the LWS Countdown field reaches zero or not is determined, and when the value of the LWS Countdown field reaches to zero, the device wakes up in operation 850.
A global wakeup using the GWS, broadcasted in the WPAN, is performed together with the local wakeup described in operations 810 through 850. When the value of the LWS Countdown field in the operation 840 of FIG. 8 does not reach zero, the value of the GWS Countdown field is heard in operation 860, the value of the GWS Countdown field being included in the GWS. In operation 870, whether the heard value of the GWS Countdown field reaches zero or not is determined. When the determined value reaches zero, a global wakeup is performed in operation 880. When the determined value does not reach zero, the LWS is repeatedly broadcasted, and operation 830 is repeated.
As described with reference to FIG. 8, the device in the WPAN broadcasts pattern information with respect to its own awake/sleep mode through the LWS in the WPAN. Accordingly other devices in neighborhood are informed of the awake/sleep mode of a corresponding device. Therefore, a Tx device, which wishes to transmit data to a predetermined target Rx device, monitors awake/sleep mode of the target Rx device and is able to transmit predetermined data when the target Rx device wakes up to operate in awake mode. Accordingly, the wasted superframe duration described with reference to FIG. 2 may be reduced and traffic efficiency in the WPAN and power efficiency of the Tx device may be optimized.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a device located in the WPAN according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 9, the device according to the present invention is a MAC, and includes a PAL 900 and a predetermined physical layer (PHY) 910.
The PAL 900 may include a local parameter analysis unit 920, an LWS period management unit 930, a Countdown unit 940, a superframe generation unit 950, a control unit 960, and a GWS period/Countdown management unit 970. The PHY 910 controls physical transmission and an interfacing with a wireless media.
The local parameter analysis unit 920 determines an LWS period by analyzing the local parameter of a corresponding device located in the WPAN. As described above, the local parameter may be at least any one of current traffic information for the device, expected traffic information, channel condition of the WPAN, or a power level of the device. A algorithm for determining the LWS period by analyzing the local parameter may be variously designed.
The LWS period management unit 930 maintains a value of the LWS period determined in the local parameter analysis unit 920, or a value of the LWS period inputted from a user, as a setting value. According to the values of the LWS period, a value of the LWS Countdown included in the LWI IE of the LWS is determined.
The Countdown unit 940 transmits a value of one less than the value of the LWS Countdown, whenever the LWS is transmitted.
The superframe generation unit 950 broadcasts the values of the LWS period and the LWS Countdown to the WPAN through the PHY 910 by inserting the values of the LWS period that is maintained in the LWS period management unit 930, and the LWS Countdown that is transmitted from the Countdown unit 940.
The control unit 960 controls a device to be awake, according to the values of the LWS period and the LWS Countdown. Specifically, when a value of the LWS Countdown of the Countdown unit 940 reaches zero, a corresponding device is controlled to operate in awake mode by performing local wakeup signaling. Also, when a value of the GWS Countdown, included in the GWS heard from the GWS period/countdown management unit 970, reaches zero, a corresponding device is controlled to operate in awake mode by performing global wakeup signaling.
The configuration of the device, generating of the LWS, and controlling awake/sleep mode using the LWS is illustrated in FIG. 9, and a configuration of a device, generating the GWS, and controlling awake/sleep mode using the GWS is similar to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 9, since a logic generating the GWS is similar to the logic generating the LWS.
The PAL 900 and the PHY 910 of the configuration of the device in the WPAN are taken as an example described as a functional module performing the method of generating the LWS/GWS and controlling awake/sleep mode, name modification, also segmentation/combining or the like of the functional module using the LWS/GWS of the present invention may fall into a category of the present invention.
Focusing on the WiMedia according to the IEEE 802.15.3 specification, characteristics of the present invention are described, also the present invention may be applicable to a network technique for controlling awake/sleep mode of each device in the WPAN, adopting other methods instead of the WiMedia.
Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Instead, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Industrial Applicability
According to the present invention, a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication is provided which can minimize data traffic in a WPAN since each of devices is informed of an awake/sleep mode of other devices in a neighborhood by broadcasting a local wakeup interval (LWI) in the WPAN.
According to the present invention, a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication is provided which can maximize power efficiency of a transmission (Tx) device when transmitting to a target reception (Rx) device since each of devices is informed of an awake/sleep mode of other devices by broadcasting a local wakeup interval (LWI) in a WPAN. According to the present invention, a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication is provided which can wake all devices in a WPAN according to a predetermined period by broadcasting a global wakeup interval (GWI) in the WPAN.
According to the present invention, a superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication is provided which can optimize power efficiency of data traffic and a device in a WPAN since each of devices dynamically controls its awake/sleep mode in the WPAN.

Claims

1. A superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication network, the superframe comprising: a local wakeup superframe (LWS) period field including period information of a superframe where a device is awake; and an LWS Countdown field including information of a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe, where the device is awake, is transmitted.
2. A superframe transmitted/received in a wireless communication network, the superframe comprising: a global wakeup superframe (GWS) period field including information of a superframe to be transmitted when all devices are awake in a Wireless Personal Area
Network (WPAN); and, a GWS Countdown field including information of a number of remaining superframes to be transmitted until the superframe where all the devices are awake, is transmitted.
3. The superframe of claims 1 or 2, wherein the wireless communication network is implemented by a WiMedia radio platform, and the superframe is generated from
WiMedia network protocol adaptation layer (WiNET)
4. The superframe of claims 1 or 2, wherein the superframe is broadcasted in a wireless personal area network (WPAN).
5. The superframe of claims 1 or 2, wherein the period field and the Countdown field are included in an information element (IE) field of a beacon slot of the superframe.
6. The superframe of claim 1, wherein the LWS Countdown field has an initial value of the LWS period- 1 in a subsequent superframe, has a value of one less than the
LWS Countdown field value in a previous superframe, and the device wakes up when the LWS Countdown field value reaches zero.
7. The superframe of claim 1, wherein the LWS period field value is determined by an input of a user of the device or a local parameter of a WPAN.
8. The superframe of claim 7, wherein the local parameter is any one of current traffic information for the device, expected traffic information, a channel condition of the WPAN, and a power level of the device.
9. The superframe of claim 2, wherein the GWS Countdown field has an initial value of the GWS period -1 in a subsequent superframe, has a value of one less than the
GWS Countdown field value in a previous superframe, and the device is awake when the GWS Countdown field value reaches zero.
10. The superframe of claim 2, wherein the superframe is transmitted from a device, including a gateway or a bridge in the WPAN, acting as a coordinator.
11. A method of transmitting a superframe in a device in a wireless communication network, the method comprising: determining an LWS period field value including period information of a when a device is awake; generating a superframe including an IE which includes the LWS period field and an LWS Countdown field including a number of remaining superframes to be sent until the superframe where the device is awake; and broadcasting the superframe to the WPAN through a predetermined physical layer (PHY).
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the LWS period field value is determined by a user input of the device, or a local parameter of the WPAN.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the local parameter is any one of current traffic information for the device, expected traffic information, channel condition of the WPAN, and a power level of the device.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the LWS Countdown field has an initial value that is one less than the LWS period in a subsequent superframe, has a value of one less than the LWS Countdown field value in the previous superframe, and the device wakes up when the LWS Countdown field value reaches zero.
15. A method of transmitting a superframe in a device in a wireless communication network, the method comprising: determining a GWS period field including period information of a superframe when all devices are awake in a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN); generating a superframe including an IE configured by a GWS Countdown field including number information of a remaining superframe to the superframe where the GES period field and the device are awake; and broadcasting the superframe to the WPAN through a predetermined physical layer (PHY).
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the GWS Countdown field has an initial value of one less than the GWS period in a subsequent superframe, has a value of one less than the value of the GWS Countdown field value in a previous superframe, and the device is awake in a section where the GWS Countdown field value reaches zero.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the device broadcasting the superframe is a device, including a gateway or a bridge in the WPAN, acting as a coordinator.
18. A method of transmitting a superframe in a device in a wireless communication network, the method comprising: receiving a superframe transmitted from a target reception (Rx) device, the superframe including an LWS period field including period information of a superframe when the target Rx device is awake and an LWS Countdown field including a number of remaining superframes until the superframe the device wakes up; and transmitting a superframe to the target Rx device in a superframe duration where the LWS Countdown field value reaches zero.
19. A method of controlling awake/sleep status of a device included in a wireless communication network, the method comprising:
1) determining an LWS period field value including period information of a superframe when the device is awake;
2) generating a superframe including the LWS period field and an IE configured by an LWS Countdown field including a number of remaining superframes until the superframe where the device is awake;
3) broadcasting the superframe to a WPAN through a predetermined PHY; 4) receiving a superframe including a GWS period field and a GWS
Countdown field from a second device in the WPAN; and
5) controlling the device to wake up when the LWS Countdown field value reaches zero in the operation of 2), or when the GWS Countdown field value reaches zero in the operation of 4).
PCT/KR2006/002639 2005-07-06 2006-07-06 Frame structure of superframe transmitted in wireless network, method for transmitting the superframe, and method for controlling devices' wakeup by using the superframe WO2007004854A1 (en)

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EP1900176A4 (en) 2011-08-03
CN101218801B (en) 2012-12-26

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