WO2007101412A1

WO2007101412A1 - Silencer of modular type of construction, and method of producing it

Info

Publication number: WO2007101412A1
Application number: PCT/DE2006/000404
Authority: WO
Inventors: Udo GÄRTNER; Josef Schwarz
Original assignee: Woco Industrietechnik Gmbh
Priority date: 2006-03-08
Filing date: 2006-03-08
Publication date: 2007-09-13

Abstract

The invention relates to a silencer (200), in particular for a motor vehicle, wherein a fluid which is subjected to sound pulsations can flow through the silencer (200), comprising at least one housing (202) and at least one fluid guide module (204) which can be accommodated in the housing (202), wherein the fluid guide module (204) comprises at least two standardized fluid guide elements (208, 210) which can be connected essentially directly to one another; and a method of producing a silencer, in particular by the steps of providing at least one housing, providing at least two fluid guide elements, connecting the fluid guide elements to form at least one fluid guide module and arranging the fluid guide module inside the housing.

Description

MUFFLER IN MODULAR DESIGN, AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

description

The present invention relates to a silencer, in particular for a motor vehicle, wherein the silencer can be flowed through by a fluid acted upon by pulsations, comprising at least one housing and at least one Fluidleitmodul housable in the housing and a motor vehicle and a method for producing a silencer.

From the prior art, a variety of mufflers are known.

For example, DE 100 34 243 A1 discloses a silencer for the inlet and / or outlet in compressed air systems. In the interior of the muffler baffles are arranged, which run obliquely to the basic flow direction and impose a meandering flow path of the air flowing through. A disadvantage of this muffler, however, is that to adapt the muffler to the desired muffling requirements of the entire muffler must be redesigned, d. H. the geometry of the individual components of the muffler must be adapted to the respective desired sound damping properties. Furthermore, different silencers must be provided for the different conditions of use, which leads to high storage costs. Finally, this silencer does not allow broadband attenuation of sound pulsations.

DE 200 07 337 Ul discloses a generic silencer in the form of a reflection point in segmental design. In this reflection point, which is used in particular in exhaust pipes of a passenger car exhaust system, segments with a partially free cross section are arranged on a central axis so that the free cross sections so are arranged twisted to each other, that seen in the flow direction of the pipe cross-section appears closed and a flow is guided spirally. A disadvantage of this reflection point, however, that the assembly derselbigen is complicated and prone to failure, since the individual segments are first to be mounted on the separate central axis, but still move in an introduction to a pipe exhaust system, especially their position on the central axis can change , whereby the damping properties of the reflection point change. In addition, this reflection site does not allow broadband attenuation of S challpulsationen.

Finally, DE 200 18 690 U1 discloses another generic multi-chamber reflection muffler. This multi-chamber reflection muffler with integrated absorption uses standardized module cassettes for sound absorption and flow guidance, which alternately direct the flow centrally through a respective module center and through respective gaps between a module outer edge and a muffler jacket. A disadvantage of this multi-chamber reflection silencer is that its assembly is also complicated and error prone. The individual module cassettes must be individually inserted into the jacket. However, to achieve a desired damping effect, it is necessary that the distance between the module cassettes during assembly of the muffler must be additionally adjusted. In addition, absorption material such as stainless steel wool is additionally provided to achieve a broadband damping effect. When using such an absorbent material, however, it comes to contamination and expulsion of the absorbent material, which leads to defects of the muffler.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to develop the generic silencer such that the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome, in particular a silencer is provided which is easily adaptable to different environmental conditions, as well as a simple and fehlerunanfälligen assembly of the silencer allows. Furthermore, an improved method for producing a silencer is to be provided. The problem relating to the silencer is inventively achieved in that the Fluidleitmodul comprises at least two, substantially directly interconnected, standardized Fluidleitelemente.

It can be provided in particular that the Fluidleitelemente with each other, the housing and the Fluidleitmodul and / or at least one Fluidleitelement and the housing by means of at least a first and / or at least a second connection device, in particular at least one Clips-, latching, plug, Adhäsions -, glued, screwed and / or welded connection, are connectable.

In the two aforementioned alternatives, it can be provided that the fluid guide elements, in particular each, comprise at least one main fluid line, in particular comprising at least one Hauptfluidleitungswandung, at least one main fluid inlet and / or at least one Hauptfluidauslaß, and at least one surrounding the main fluid line aperture, preferably the main fluid line and the aperture are integrally formed.

In this case, it is particularly preferred that the fluid guide elements can be connected to one another substantially in the area of the main fluid line, in particular in the region of the main fluid inlet and / or in the region of the main fluid outlet.

The invention further proposes that at least one fluid guide element comprises at least one within the main fluid line, in particular in the region of the main fluid inlet and / or Hauptfluidauslasses, anordbares closure element, wherein the closure element preferably integrally with the main fluid line, in particular the Hauptfluidleitungswandung, and / or the Aperture is formed.

In the three aforementioned alternatives, it is proposed with the invention that at least one, in particular the main fluid line facing, outer edge of at least one aperture of at least one Fluidleitelements at receiving the Fluidleitmoduls in the housing at least partially applied to at least one inner wall of the housing, in particular at least one chamber is preferably substantially defined by the aperture, the housing and / or the Hauptfluidleitungswandung can be formed. Furthermore, it may be provided that at least one fluid guide element at least one opening, preferably a plurality of openings, in at least one Hauptfluidleitungswandung, at least one opening, preferably a plurality of openings, in at least one aperture and / or at least one opening, preferably a plurality of openings in at least one closure element.

It is furthermore preferred that at least two fluid guide elements can be combined in such a way that at least one Helmholtz resonator and at least one multi-chamber reflection muffler can be formed for the fluid flowing through the muffler.

A muffler according to the invention may further be characterized by at least one first fluid guide element comprising at least one substantially closed Hauptfluidleitungswandung and at least one substantially closed aperture, wherein in particular within the main fluid line of the first Fluidleitelements at least one closure element, which preferably has at least one opening arranged is.

Alternatively or additionally, in a muffler according to the invention, at least one second fluid guide element, which has at least one opening in at least one main fluid line wall, in particular for connecting a chamber at least partially bounded by the diaphragm of the second fluid guide element to the main fluid line of the second fluid guide element, and at least one substantially closed aperture, wherein in particular within the main fluid line of the second Fluidleitelements at least one closure element, which preferably has at least one opening, is arranged.

Alternatively or additionally to the two aforementioned embodiments, a silencer according to the invention may comprise at least a third fluid guide element comprising at least one substantially closed Hauptfluidleitungswandung and at least one opening in at least one aperture, wherein in particular within the main fluid line of the third Fluidleitelements at least one closure element, which preferably closed is or at least has an opening is arranged.

A muffler according to the invention may also be characterized as an alternative or in addition to the aforementioned three alternatives by at least a fourth Fluid guide element comprising at least one opening in at least one Hauptfluidleitungswandung, in particular for connecting a at least partially limited by the aperture of the fourth Fluidleitelements chamber with the main fluid line of the fourth Fluidleitelements, and at least one opening in at least one aperture, wherein in particular within the main fluid line of the fourth Fluidleitelements at least one closure element, which is preferably closed or at least has an opening arranged.

It is preferred in particular that at least two fluid guide elements, in particular at least two first, second, third and / or fourth Fluidleitelemente, are integrally formed and / or at least two Fluidleitelemente a group comprising at least a first Fluidleitelement, at least a second Fluidleitelement, at least a third Fluidleitelement and / or at least a fourth Fluidleitelement, are integrally formed.

It is also proposed with the invention that an inner cross section of the housing and an outer cross section of the Fluidleitmoduls and / or at least one Fluidleitelements are at least partially complementary to each other, in particular the inner cross section of the housing triangular, square, rectangular, star-shaped, polygonal, circular and / or elliptical is trained.

Furthermore, the invention provides that the inner cross-section of at least one main fluid line of at least one Fluidleitelements and / or at least one opening in at least one Hauptfluidleitungswandung, at least one aperture and / or in at least one closure element at least one Fluidleitelements triangular, square, rectangular, star-shaped, polygonal, is circular and / or elliptical.

The invention also provides that at least one axis of symmetry, in particular a longitudinal axis, at least one main fluid line of at least one Fluidleitelements parallel to at least one axis of symmetry, preferably a surface normal, at least one aperture of Fluidleitelements is arranged, in particular coincides the axis of symmetry of the main fluid line with the axis of symmetry of the diaphragm or the Symmetry axis of the main fluid line offset from the axis of symmetry of the diaphragm runs.

Particularly preferably, an inventive silencer sees before at least two within the at least one aperture of at least one Fluidleitelements at least partially limited chamber arrangeable partitions, wherein the partitions in particular integrally with at least one Hauptfluidleitungswandung, at least one aperture and / or at least one closure element of the Fluidleitelements be formed.

It can be provided in particular that at least two sub-chambers within the chamber can be formed by means of the partitions, wherein preferably at least one opening connects the main fluid line of Fluidleitelements with at least one sub-chamber and / or at least one partition at least one opening, preferably for connecting two sub-chambers with each other, includes.

It is particularly preferred that by means of the muffler broadband sound pulsations are attenuated, preferably in the range of about 0 to 1000Hz, more preferably in the range of 0 to 750Hz and more preferably in the range of 0 to 500Hz.

Finally, it is proposed for the silencer according to the invention that at least one Fluidleitelement, in particular the first, second, third and / or fourth Fluidleitelement, at least one main fluid line, at least one aperture, at least one partition and / or the housing at least partially a plastic, a metal and / or a composite material.

It is also proposed with the invention that the muffler with at least one exhaust tract of a motor vehicle is connectable.

Further provided with the invention is a motor vehicle comprising at least one silencer according to the invention.

For the motor vehicle, the invention further proposes at least one internal combustion engine and at least one exhaust gas tract, wherein the silencer is arranged in particular in a secondary air supply to the exhaust gas tract. Furthermore, the object relating to the method is achieved by a method for producing a silencer, in particular a silencer according to the invention, characterized by the steps of providing at least one housing, providing at least two fluid guide elements, connecting the fluid guide elements to at least one fluid guide module and arranging the fluid guide module within the housing ,

In this case, it can be provided, in particular, that the fluid guide elements are selected from a multiplicity of standardized fluid guide elements, in particular as a function of a desired sound damping effect, preferably at least one frequency spectrum to be damped.

For the method according to the invention, it is proposed that at least one fluid guide element, in particular before a connection of the fluid guide elements to the fluid guide module and / or before an arrangement of the fluid guide module within the housing, is preferably adapted as a function of the desired sound damping effect, in particular at least one opening in at least a main fluid conduit wall, at least one diaphragm, at least one partition wall and / or at least one closure element is formed.

A preferred embodiment of the method provides that before, during and / or after the arrangement of the Fluidleitmoduls in the housing, the housing is at least partially connected to the Fluidleitmodul, in particular with at least one fluid guide.

Finally, it is proposed with the invention for the method that at least one, at least one further Fluidleitelement, the housing and / or Fluidleitmodul with each other by means of at least one clip, snap, plug, adhesive, adhesive, Schraüb and / or Welded connection can be connected.

The invention is thus based on the surprising finding that a muffler can be realized, which can be easily adapted to the desired environmental conditions, the assembly of the muffler is complication-free and error-independent. According to the invention, the silencer consists of a housing wall, in which a Fluidleitmodul can be used. In this case, the Fluidleitmodul consists of individual fluid guide elements, which prior to assembly of the Muffler are connected substantially directly with each other. In the context of the invention, an essentially direct connection is understood to mean that the fluid-conducting elements are fastened to one another in a substantially self-supporting manner in order to achieve the fluid-conducting module. In this case, suitable connection devices between the fluid guide elements can be provided. In particular, however, can be dispensed with a common support structure to which the individual Fluidleitelemente are to be attached. During assembly of the muffler, the individual fluid guide elements are combined with each other in such a way that a damping in the desired frequency spectrum is achieved by a corresponding diversion of a fluid flow in the muffler due to cross-sectional jumps, way extensions and flow deflections. In particular, sound level reductions, for example in the low-frequency range, such as 0-500 Hz, within air-conducting systems can be achieved by the silencer according to the invention. In this case, the individual fluid guide elements can be selected from a multiplicity of standardized fluid guide elements. Standardization ensures that the fluid guide elements can be combined with one another essentially as desired and the fluid guide module can be accommodated in the housing. In particular, the individual fluid guide elements differ in that there are openings in the main fluid passages, diaphragms or closure elements arranged in the main fluid passage, wherein the individual fluid guide elements have both the number of openings, the arrangement of the openings and the length of the respective main fluid line can distinguish. In the arrangement of the Fluidleitmoduls within the housing in particular chambers are formed within the muffler, which may differ in function of the geometry of the respective Fluidleitelemente in their size and function. Thus, chambers can be formed within the muffler due to the modular structure, through which the fluid to be damped can flow, in particular with the formation of cross-sectional jumps in the fluid path. Due to the forced deflections of the fluid subjected to acoustic pulsations by the specially tuned system units, we achieve the desired reduction of the sound level. The formation of the way extensions also leads to a significant reduction in the necessary construction volume and the necessary length. Also a combination of multiple reflection silencer mechanisms with properties of a Helmholtz resonators, in which the trained chambers partly act as resonator chambers, leads to a significant reduction in construction volume or construction length compared to pure Helmholtz resonator systems. The possibility of forming a combination of at least one multi-reflection silencer and a Helmholtz resonator within the silencer according to the invention also allows an accurate certain, preferably broadband, attenuation of Schallpulsationen within the fluid.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, are explained in the embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to the accompanying figures. Showing:

FIG. 1a: a plan view of a first fluid-conducting element of a silencer according to the invention;

FIG. 1b shows a cross-sectional view of the fluid-conducting element of FIG. 1a from the direction A;

FIG. 2a shows a plan view of a second fluid-conducting element of a silencer according to the invention;

FIG. 2b shows a cross-sectional view of the fluid guide element of FIG. 2a from the direction

A ';

FIG. 3a shows a plan view of a third fluid-conducting element of a silencer according to the invention;

FIG. 3b shows a cross-sectional view of the fluid guide element of FIG. 3a from the direction

A ";

FIG. 4a shows a plan view of a fourth fluid-conducting element of a silencer according to the invention;

FIG. 4b shows a cross-sectional view of the fluid guide element of FIG. 4a from the direction

A ' ";

FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a fifth fluid-conducting element of a silencer according to the invention; FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a sixth fluid-conducting element of a silencer according to the invention;

FIG. 7a shows a cross-sectional view of a seventh fluid-conducting element of a silencer according to the invention;

FIG. 7b shows a cross-sectional view of the fluid guide element of FIG. 7a from the direction

A ^iv ;

FIG. 8a shows a cross-sectional view of an eighth fluid-conducting element of a silencer according to the invention;

FIG. 8b shows a cross-sectional view of the fluid guide element of FIG. 8a from the direction

A ^v ;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of one connecting several

Fluidleitelemente formed Fluidleitmodul;

FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of a silencer according to the invention according to a first embodiment comprising a fluid-conducting module according to FIG. 7; and

Figure 11: a cross-sectional view of a silencer according to the invention according to a second embodiment.

FIGS. 1a and 1b show a first fluid-conducting element 1 of a silencer according to the invention. The fluid guide element consists essentially of a main fluid line 3, which is delimited by a main fluid line wall 5. In addition, the first Fluidleitelement 1 comprises a diaphragm 7, which is arranged substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the main fluid conduit 3, wherein the diaphragm can also be arranged inclined to this longitudinal direction, that may be formed cone-shaped. In the first fluid guiding element 1, the main fluid conduit wall 5 and the diaphragm 7 are integrally formed. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 1b, the fluid guiding element 1 has a first connecting device 9 and a second connecting device 11. In the fluid guiding element 1, the first connecting device 9 and the second connecting device 11 are in the form of formed complementary projections or recesses. As will be explained later, the connection devices 9, 11 serve to connect the first fluid guide element 1 with further fluid guide elements to form a Fluidleitmoduls. It can be provided in particular that the fluid guide elements by means of the connecting devices 9, 11 are detachably connected to each other. For example, the connecting devices 9, 11, not shown Verclipsvorrichtungen to achieve, for example, in an attachment of Fluidleitelemente each other by mating the same, or not shown thread, so that the Fluidleitelemente are connected by screwing together include.

FIGS. 2a and 2b show a second fluid-conducting element 1 '. The elements of the second Fluidleitelements 1 ', which correspond to those of the first Fluidleitelements 1 bear the same reference numerals, but simply deleted. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2 b, the second fluid-conducting element 1 'has openings 13' in the main fluid line wall 5 '.

A third fluid-conducting element 1 "is shown in Figures 3a and 3b. The elements of the third fluid-directing element 1" which correspond to those of the first fluid-conducting element 1 bear the same reference numerals, although they are painted twice. In contrast to the first fluid guide element 1 and the second fluid guide element 1 ', the third fluid guide element 1 "openings 15" on.

A fourth fluid-conducting element 1 "'is shown in Figures 4a and 4b. The elements of the fourth fluid-conducting element 1'" which correspond to those of the first fluid-conducting element 1 bear the same reference numerals, but with a triple coat. In comparison to the fluid guide elements 1, 1 ', 1 ", the fourth fluid guide element 1'" both openings 13 '"in a Hauptfluidleitungswandung 5'" and openings 15 '"in a diaphragm 7'" on.

5 shows a cross-sectional view of a fifth Fluidleitelements 1 ^1V , the elements of the fifth Fluidleitelements 1 ^1V , which correspond to those of the first Fluidleitelements 1 bear the same reference numerals, but four times deleted. The fifth fluid-conducting element 1 ^1V essentially has a construction comparable to the second fluid-conducting element 1 '. However, the fifth fluid guide 1 ^1V instead of a second connection device for connecting the fifth Fluidleitelements 1 ^1V with another fluid guide a third connection device 17 ^1V on. The third connection device 17 ^1V is formed integrally with the diaphragm 7 ^1V or the main fluid conduit wall 5 ^1V in the case of the fifth fluid-conducting element 1 ^1V . Alternatively, the third connection ^device 17 may be ^{1V designed} such that it has its own connection device, so that it can be connected via the second connection device 11 'of the second Fluidleitelements V with this. The third connecting device 17 ^IV has a circumferential bead 18 ^1V, which allows to delay a pipe or a hose to the third connecting device 17 ^1V, so that this tube and this tube can be connected to the fifth fluid guide 1 ^1V. In particular, the connecting ^device 17 ^{1 V has} a surface structure, not shown, which prevents slippage of the tube or hose from the connecting ^device 17 ^{1 V} , for example in the form of a corrugation.

FIG. 6 shows a sixth fluid-conducting element 1 ^v . The elements of the sixth Fluidleitelements l ^v , which correspond to those of the first Fluidleitelements 1 bear the same reference numerals, however, painted five times. In contrast to the fluid guide elements 1, V, 1 ", 1", 1 ^1V , the sixth fluid guide element 1 ^v has a second diaphragm 19 ^V in addition to a first diaphragm 7 ^V. Both the first aperture T and the second aperture 19 ^V are formed integrally with the main fluid line wall 5 ^V. In the area between the diaphragms T and 19 ^V , the main fluid line wall 5 ^{V has} respective openings 13 ^V. Further, 19 ^V openings 21 ^{v are} formed in the aperture. Furthermore, the sixth fluid-conducting element 1 ^{v has} a fourth connecting device 23 ^v . Similar to the connecting device 17 ^{1V of} the fifth Fluidleitelemente 1 ^1V , the connecting device 23 ^{V is used} to connect the sixth Fluidleitelements l ^v with a tube or hose, not shown. The sixth fluid guide comprises l ^v compared to the Fluidleitelementen 1 V, 1 ", 1"', 1 ^IV furthermore a closure element 25 ^V. By the closure element 25 ^V , the main fluid line 3 ^{V is} closed. The closure element 25 ^V causes a flowing into the main fluid line 3 ^V fluid is directed into the openings 13 ^V and thus emerges from the main fluid line 3 ^V.

FIGS. 7a and 7b show a seventh fluid-conducting element 1 ^V1 . 7a shows a cross-sectional view from direction B ^IV of FIG. 7b, and FIG. 7b shows a cross-sectional view from direction A ^1V of FIG. 7a. Compared to those in the figures Ia to 6 Fluidleitelementen shown, the seventh Fluidleitelement 1 ^{V1 in} addition to a diaphragm 7 ^V1 and a main ^{fluid line wall} 5 ^vι partitions 27 ^V1 . Chambers are formed by the partition walls 27 ^V1 when installing the seventh Fluidleitelements 1 ^V1 in a housing, which are each bounded by the diaphragm T \ the partition walls 27 ^V1 and the main fluid line 5 ^V1 . For example, these chambers may act as resonance chambers of a Helmholtz resonator for a fluid flowing through the main fluid conduit 3 ^V1 . For this purpose, 5 ^VI openings 13 ^{V1 are} formed in the main ^{fluid line} , through which the resonance chambers can communicate with the main fluid line 3 ^VI .

Due to the asymmetrical arrangement of the partition walls 27 ^V1 , the respectively formed resonance chambers have different volumes, whereby the damping in a wide frequency range is made possible.

FIGS. 8 a and 8 b show an eighth fluid guide element 1 ^vu . FIG. 8 a shows a cross-sectional view of the fluid guiding element 1 ^vu from the direction B ^v of FIG. 8 ^{b, and} FIG. 8 b shows a cross-sectional view of the fluid guiding element 1 ^vn from the direction A ^v of FIG. 8 a. Similar to the seventh fluid-conducting element 1 ^V1 , the fluid-conducting element 1 ^vu likewise has partitions 27 ^vii , 31 ^vii .

As compared to the fluid guide 1 ^V1, wherein the dividing walls 27 are ^V1 substantially closed, 31 ^V11 have the partition walls of Fluidleitelements l ^vu openings 29 ^VU and only the partition 27 ^V "is closed. This allows that, when the assembly the Fluidleitelements l ^vu a guided through the muffler fluid circularly around the main fluid line 3 ^l can be performed. for this purpose, in the panel occurs, for example a fluid through the openings 15 ^VU 7 ^YU, then flows through the respective openings 29 ^VU in the partition walls 31 ^VU, Thus, in Figure 8a substantially counterclockwise and then flows through openings 13 ^V ", which are formed in the main ^{fluid line} 5 ^VU , in the main ^{fluid line} 3 ^vπ of Fluidleitelements 1 ^V11 . Thus, the fluid guide element illustrated in FIG. 8a makes it possible to guide a fluid with the interposition of a larger number of cross-sectional jumps, each of which generates a damping in a certain frequency range. FIGS. 1 a to 8 b show examples of fluid guide elements to be used in the silencer according to the invention. However, the properties of the fluid-conducting elements 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", 1 ^iv , 1 ^v , 1 ^vi , 1 ^vii can also be combined with one another in any other fluid guide elements, not shown. Also, modifications of the individual elements of the Fluidleitelemente 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", 1 ^1V , l ^v , 1 ^V1 , l ^v "are made, in particular the number and shape of the openings 13 ', 13'", 13 ^iv , 13 ^V , 13 ^vi , 13 ^vii 15 ", 15 ^vii , 21 ^V , 27 ^vi , 27 ^vii , 29 ^vii , for example rectangular, elliptical, star-shaped opening cross-sections can also be selected. in particular such that the fluid guide elements as claimed in the claims, are interconnected.

The assembly and the operation of a silencer according to the invention will now be described with reference to two examples. FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a fluid-conducting module 100. The Fluidleitmodul 100 includes fluid guide elements 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112. In this case, the fluid guide element 102 is similar to the fifth Fluidleitelement 1 ^1V constructed. However, the fluid guide element 102 additionally comprises a closure element 114. The fluid guide element 104 essentially corresponds in its construction to the fourth fluid guide element 1 '".

The fluid guide element 106 is constructed similarly to the second fluid guide element 1 ', but in contrast to the second fluid guide element 1' comprises a longer main fluid line 115 and a larger number of openings 116 in a main fluid line wall 118.

The fluid guide element 108 essentially corresponds in terms of its construction to the third fluid guide element 1 ".

The fluid guide element 110 has, in contrast to the previously described Fluidleitelementen two closure elements 120, 122, the openings 124 and 126, respectively.

The fluid guide element 112 corresponds in terms of its basic structure to the sixth fluid guide element 1 ^v , but a main fluid line 128 has no closure element in contrast to the sixth fluid guide element V. The first fluid guide element 102 is connected to the fluid guide element 104 via a connection device 130, in particular in the form of a snap connection (not shown). Corresponding connection devices 132, 134, 136 and 138 are used to connect the fluid guide elements 104, 106, 108, 110 and 112 with each other.

The mode of operation of a first embodiment of a silencer 140 according to the invention will be explained below with reference to FIG. The muffler 140 comprises a housing 142, which is formed substantially tubular and has a circular inner cross-section. After a composition of the Fluidleitmoduls 100 of the muffler is formed by the Fluidleitmodul 100 is inserted into the housing 142. About not shown fastening devices then the Fluidleitmodul 100 is fixed in the housing 142. In particular, the fluid-guiding module 100 can be connected to the inner wall of the housing 142 by bonding at least one diaphragm 144 of the fluid-conducting element 102 or at least one diaphragm 146 of the fluid-conducting element 112.

The operation of the muffler 140 will now be described with reference to a flow path F of a fluid. The fluid flows via a fluid inlet 148 of the Fluidleitelements 102 into the main fluid line 150 of the Fluidleitelements 102. In particular, the muffler 140 is used in a secondary air supply to an exhaust tract of a motor vehicle. Since the main fluid conduit 150 is closed by the closure member 114, the fluid is directed through openings 152 in the main fluid conduit wall 154 of the fluid conducting member 102 into a chamber 156. The chamber 156 is essentially bounded by the housing 142, the diaphragm 144, and an aperture 158 of the fluid guide element 104. From the chamber 156, the fluid passes through openings 160 formed in the baffle 158 into a chamber 162 which is substantially formed by the fluid conducting element 104. From the chamber 162, the fluid then passes through openings 164 in a main fluid line 166 of Fluidleitelements 104. Due to this fluid guide results in an extension of the flow path F by flow deflections through the chambers 156 and 162 and to sound reflections due to the cross-sectional jumps through the openings 152 , 160, 164 and the different volumes of the main fluid line 150, the chamber 156, the chamber 162 and the main fluid line 166 are effected. From the main fluid line 166, the fluid then enters the main fluid line 168 of the fluid guide element 106. By the Fluid guide elements 106 and 108 subsequently result in a damping of sound pulsations present in the fluid in that the fluid guide elements 106 and 108 form Helmholtz resonators. The fluid flowing through the main fluid line 168 of the Fluidleitelements 106 and the main fluid line 170 of the Fluidleitelements 108 fluid communicates via the openings 116 in the Fluidleitelement 106 with a first resonance chamber 172. The resonance chamber 172 is still through openings 174 in a diaphragm 176 of the Fluidleitelements 108 with a second Resonance chamber 178 in conjunction. By adapting the geometry of the fluid guide elements 106 and 108, the damping behavior of the Helmholtz resonator can be adapted to the desired frequency spectrum. In particular, in a non-illustrated embodiment of the invention, fluid guide elements with partitions, as provided, for example, in the fluid guide element shown in FIGS. 7a, 7b, can be used to form a multiplicity of resonance chambers.

Finally, after leaving the main fluid line 170, the fluid flow divides into a plurality of partial flows due to the construction of the fluid guide element 110. A first partial flow flows via openings 180 into chambers formed by the fluid guide element 110, while a second fluid flow flows through the openings 124 in the closure element 120. This second fluid stream then flows through an opening 126 in the closure element 122 into the main fluid line 128 of the Fluidleitelements 112. The passing through the openings 180 fluid flow, however, flows through openings 184 from a chamber 182 into a chamber 186 and from there via openings 188 in a chamber 190. From the chamber 190, the fluid then flows through openings 192 in the main fluid line 128 from where it leaves the muffler 140 via a fluid outlet 193. Due to this fluid guide through the fluid guide elements 110 and 112, a broadband damping can be achieved due to the variety of deflections and cross-sectional jumps that the fluid passes through.

FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a silencer according to the invention in the form of a silencer 200. Compared to the muffler 140 was omitted in the muffler 200 on the formation of Helmholtz resonators. The muffler 200 includes a housing 202 in which a Fluidleitmodul 204 is formed. The Fluidleitmodul 204 in turn consists of Fluidleitelementen 206, 208 and 210. In contrast to the Silencer 140, the Fluidleitmodul 204 is not fully assembled inserted into the housing 202, but the Fluidleitmodul 204 constructed in the housing 202. In a first step, the fluid guide 206 is inserted into the housing 202 and fixed therein. The fixing takes place in particular by gluing an outer surface of an aperture 212 of the Fluidleitelements 206 with an inner wall of the housing 202. Subsequently, the Fluidleitelement 208 is inserted into the housing 202 and connected via an adhesive connection 214 with the Fluidleitelement 206. Finally, the fluid guide element 210 is inserted into the housing 202 in such a way that it is connected to the fluid guide element 208 via an adhesive connection 216.

A fluid which is passed through the muffler 200 follows the flow pattern indicated as F '. The fluid flows from a main fluid line 218 via openings 220 into a chamber 222, via openings 224 which are distributed over the circumference of an orifice 226 of the Fluidleitelements 208, into a chamber 228 and from there via openings 230 in a main fluid line 232 of the Fluidleitelements 208th The main fluid conduit 232 exits the fluid via openings 234 into a chamber 236, from which it flows via openings 238 into a chamber 240. From the chamber 240, the fluid is then passed through openings 242 in a main fluid line 244 of the Fluidleitelements 210. From the main fluid line 244 it leaves the muffler 200. Due to the guidance of the fluid through the muffler 200 thus results in a Wegverlängerung, resulting in a very compact design of the muffler 200, and at the same time due to the cross-sectional jumps through the opening 220, 224, 230, 234, 238, 242, there is a broadband attenuation of existing in the fluid Schallpulsationen.

In a modification of the muffler 200, not shown, a further improvement of the damping properties of the muffler can be achieved by using fluid guide elements with corresponding partitions, through which a fluid guide, as achieved, for example, by means of the fluid guide element shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b.

Thus, a silencer is provided by the invention, the simple due to the use of standardized individual elements in the form of standardized fluid guide elements and the modular structure thus present in the Different desired damping characteristics can be adjusted. For this purpose, a user selects the various suitable fluid-conducting elements, adds them to a fluid-conducting module, which is self-supporting, in particular due to the direct connection of the fluid-conducting elements, into a housing, where the fluid-conducting module is fixed and thus the muffler with the desired damping properties is formed. In particular, due to the self-supporting structure of the Fluidleitmoduls not to change the geometry of the individual elements of the muffler come, which malfunction of the muffler can be avoided. Finally, the special design of the Fluidleitelemente that this can be combined both for the formation of Helmholtz resonators within the muffler as well as for the formation of multi-reflection mufflers, whereby the damping characteristics of the muffler can be set even more accurately. This is all achieved by a silencer and a comparatively small volume or a short overall length.

The feature of the invention disclosed in the foregoing description, in the claims and in the drawings may be essential both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in its respective embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

I, 1% 1 ", 1 '", 1 ^1V , T, 1 ^VI , T "fluid guide 3, 3% 3", 3'", 3 ^iv , 3 ^V , 3 ^vi , 3 ^vii main fluid line

5, 5 ', 5 ", 5"% 5 ^iv , 5 ^V , 5 ^vi , 5 ^vii main ^{fluid line} wall

7, 7 ', 7 ", 7'", 7 ^iv , 7 ^V , 7 ^vi , 7 ^vii Aperture

9, 9 ', 9 ", 9'", 9 ^iv , 9 ^vi , 9 ^vii connecting ^device

II, 11% 11 ", 11"% ll ^v , 1 l ^vi , 1 l ^vii Connecting ^device 13% 13 "% 13 ^iv , 13 ^V , 13 ^vi , 13 ^vii Opening

15 ", 15"% 15 ^vii opening

17 ^1V connection ^device

18 ^iv bead

^19V aperture

21 ^V opening

23 ^V connection device

^25V shutter element

27 ^vi , 27 ^vii Partition

29 ^vii opening

31 ^vii partition

100 fluid control module

102 fluid guide

104 fluid guide

106 fluid guide

108 fluid guide

110 fluid guide

112 fluid guide

114 closure element

115 main fluid line

116 opening

118 main fluid line wall

120 closure element

122 closure element

124 opening

126 opening

128 main fluid line

130, 132, 134, 136, 138 connecting device

140 silencers

142 housing

144 aperture

146 aperture

148 fluid inlet

150 main fluid line

152 opening

154 main fluid line wall

156 chamber

158 aperture

160 opening 162 chamber

164 opening

166 main fluid line

168 main fluid line

170 main fluid line

172 resonance chamber

174 opening

176 aperture

178 resonance chamber

180 opening

182 chamber

184 opening

186 chamber

188 opening

190 chamber

192 opening

193 fluid outlet

200 silencers

202 housing

204 fluid guide module

206 fluid guide

208 fluid guide

210 fluid guide

212 aperture

214 Adhesive compound

216 Adhesive compound

218 main fluid line

220 opening

222 chamber

224 opening

226 aperture

228 chamber

230 opening

232 main fluid line

234 opening

236 chamber

238 opening

240 chamber

242 opening

244 main fluid line

A, A ', A ", A'", A ^iv , A ^v direction

B ^iv , B ^v direction

F ₅ F 'flow pattern

Claims

Silencer, motor vehicle with a silencer and method for producing a silencer claims

1. silencer (140, 200), in particular for a motor vehicle, wherein the silencer is flowed through by a pulsed fluid, comprising at least one housing (142, 202) and at least one in the housing (142, 202) aufhehmbares Fluidleitmodul (100 , 204), characterized in that the Fluidleitmodul (100, 204) at least two, substantially directly interconnected, standardized Fluidleitelemente (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", 1 ^1V , l ^v , r \ l ^vii , 102nd , 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 206, 208, 210).

2. Silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that the Fluidleitelemente (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", l ^iv , l ^v , l ^vi , l ^vii , 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 206, 208, 210) with each other, the housing (142, 202) and the Fluidleitmodul (100, 204) and / or at least one Fluidleitelement (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", l ^iv , l ^v , l ^vi , l ^vii , 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 206, 208, 210) and the housing (142, 202) by means of at least one first (9, 9 ', 9 ", 9'", 9 ^iv , 9 ^V, 9 ^VI, 9 ^VII) and / or at least one second connecting device (11, 11 ', 11 ", 11"', ll ^iv, ll ^v, ll ^vi, ll ^vii, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 , 214, 216), in particular at least one clip, catch, plug, adhesive, adhesive, screw and / or welded connection, are connectable.

3. Silencer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Fluidleitelemente (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", l ^iv , T, l ^vi , l ^vü , 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112th , 206, 208, 210), in particular in each case, at least one main fluid line (3, 3 ', 3 ", 3'", 3 ^iv , 3 ^V , 3 ^vi , 3 ^vii , 128, 150, 166, 168, 170, 218 , 232, 244), in particular comprising at least one main fluid conduit wall (5, 5 ', 5 ", 5'", 5 ^1V , ^5V , ^5V ¹ , ^5VU , 118, 154), at least one main fluid inlet (148) and / or at least one main fluid outlet (193), and at least one diaphragm surrounding the main fluid line (3, 3 ', 3 ", 3'", 3 ^iv , 3 ^V , 3 ^vi , 3 ^vii , 128, 150, 166, 168, 170, 218, 232, 244) , T, 7 ", 7"', 7 ^iv, 7 ^V, T \ 7 ^vii, 19 ^V, 144, 146, 158, 176, 212, 226), wherein preferably the main fluid line (3, 3', 3 " , 3 '", 3 ^iv , 3 ^V , 3 ^vi , 3 ^vii , 128, 150, 166, 168, 170, 218, 232, 244) and the diaphragm (7, 7', 7", 7 '", f \ 1 \ T \ 7 ^vii , 19 ^V , 144, 146, 158, 176, 212, 226) are integrally formed.

4. A silencer according to spoke 3, characterized in that the Fluidleitelemente (l, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", l ^iv , l ^v , l ^vi , l ^vii , 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 206, 208, 210) substantially in the region of the main fluid line (3, 3 ', 3 ", 3'", 3 ^iv , 3 ^V , 3 ^vi , 3 ^vii , 128, 150, 166, 168, 170, 218, 232 , 244), in particular in the region of the main fluid inlet and / or in the region of the main fluid outlet, can be connected to one another.

5. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one fluid guide element (l ^v , 102, 110, 204, 210) at least one within the main fluid line (3 ^V , 150, 232, 244), in particular in the region of the main fluid inlet and / or Hauptfluidauslasses, which can be arranged closure element (25 ^V, 114, 120, 122), wherein the closure element (25 ^V, 114, 120, 122) preferably integral with the main fluid line (3 ^V, 150, 232, 244), in particular the Main fluid line wall (5 ^V , 154), and / or the diaphragm is formed.

6. Silencer according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that at least one, in particular the main fluid line facing away outer edge of at least one aperture (144, 146, 158, 176, 212, 226) at least one Fluidleitelements (102, 104, 108, 112, 206, 208) at the periphery of the Fluidleitmoduls (100, 204) in the housing (140, 202) at least partially against at least one inner wall of the housing (140, 202), in particular at least one chamber (156, 162, 172, 178 , 182, 186, 190, 222, 228, 236, 240), which are preferably essentially formed by the diaphragm (144, 146, 158, 176, 212, 226), the housing (140, 202) and / or the Hauptfluidleitungswandung (118, 154) is limited, can be formed.

7. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one fluid guide element (1, V, 1 ", 1 '", l ^iv , l ^v , l ^vi , l ^vii , 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 206, 208, 210) at least one opening (13 ', 13'", 13 ^iv , 13 ^V , 13 ^vi , 13 ^vii , 116, 152, 164, 192, 220, 230, 234, 242), preferably one A plurality of openings, in at least one main fluid line wall (5 ', 5 ", 5'", 5 ^1V , 5 ^V , 5 ^V1 , 5 ^vii , 154), at least one opening (15 ", 15 '", 15 ^vii , 21 ^V , 160, 174, 184, 188, 224, 238), preferably a plurality of openings, in at least one aperture (7 ", 7 '", 7 ^vii , 19 ^V , 158, 176, 226) and / or at least one opening (124, 126), preferably a plurality of openings, in at least one closure element (120, 122).

8. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two Fluidleitelemente are combined so that for the fluid flowing through the muffler at least one Helmholtz resonator (168, 172, 178) and at least one multi-chamber reflection muffler (122, 124, 150, 152, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 180, 182, 184, 186, 188, 190, 192, 128) can be formed.

9. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least a first Fluidleitelement (1) comprising at least one substantially closed Hauptfluidleitungswandung (5) and at least one substantially closed aperture (7), wherein in particular within the main fluid line of the first Fluidleitelements at least a closure element, which preferably has at least one opening is arranged.

10. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one second fluid guide (1 '), the at least one opening (13') in at least one Hauptfluidleitungswandung (5 '), in particular for connecting a through the aperture (7') of the second Fluid guiding element (1 ') at least partially limited chamber with the main fluid line (3 ') of the second Fluidleitelements (l') _j and at least one substantially closed aperture (7 '), wherein in particular within the main fluid line of the second Fluidleitelements at least one closure element, which preferably has at least one opening, is arranged.

11. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least a third Fluidleitelement (1 ") comprising at least one substantially closed Hauptfluidleitungswandung (5") and at least one opening (15 ") in at least one aperture (7"), wherein in particular within the main fluid line of the third Fluidleitelements at least one closure element, which is preferably closed or at least has an opening arranged.

12. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one fourth Fluidleitelement (1 '"), the at least one opening (13'") in at least one Hauptfluidleitungswandung (5 '"), in particular for connecting a through the aperture (7'. ") of the fourth Fluidleitelements (1" ') at least partially limited chamber with the main fluid line (3' ") of the fourth Fluidleitelements (V"), and at least one opening (15 '") in at least one aperture (7'"), wherein at least one closure element, which is preferably closed or has at least one opening, is arranged in particular within the main fluid line of the fourth fluid-conducting element.

13. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two fluid guide elements, in particular at least two first, second, third and / or fourth Fluidleitelemente, are integrally formed and / or at least two Fluidleitelemente a group comprising at least a first Fluidleitelement, at least one second fluid guide, at least a third fluid guide and / or at least a fourth Fluidleitelement are integrally formed.

14. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an inner cross section of the housing (142, 202) and an outer cross section of the Fluidleitmoduls (100, 204) and / or at least one Fluidleitelements (102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112 , 206, 208, 210) are at least partially complementary to each other, in particular the inner cross-section of the housing (142, 202) is triangular, square, rectangular, star-shaped, polygonal, circular and / or elliptical.

15. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner cross-section of at least one main fluid line (3, 3 ', 3 ", 3'", 3 ^iv , 3 ^V , 3 ^vi , 3 ^vii , 128, 150, 166, 168 , 170, 218, 232, 244) of at least one fluid conducting element (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", 1 ^iv , 1 ^v , 1 \ ^vii , 102, 104, 106, 108, HO, 112, 206, 2O8, 210) and / or at least one opening (13 ', 13'", 13 ^iv , 13 ^V , 13 ^vi , 13 ^vii , 152, 164, 116, 192, 220, 230, 234, 242, 15", 15 ', 15 ^vii , 21 ^V , 160, 174, 184, 188, 224, 238, 124, 126) in at least one main fluid line wall (5', 5 ", 5 '", 5 ^iv , 5 ^V , 5 ^vi , 5 ^vii , 154), in at least one aperture (7 ", 7 '", 7 ^vii , 19 ^V , 158, 176, 226) and / or in at least one closure element (120, 122) of at least one fluid guide element (1, 1', 1 ", 1 '", l ^iv , T, l ^vi , l ^vii , 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 206, 208, 210) triangular, square, rectangular, star-shaped, polygonal, circular and / or elliptical is formed.

16. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one axis of symmetry, in particular a longitudinal axis, at least one main fluid line (3, 3 ', 3 ", 3'", 3 ^iv , 3 ^V , 3 ^vi , 3 ^vii , 128 , 150, 166, 168, 170, 218, 232, 244) of at least one fluid conducting element (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", 1 ^iv , 1 ^v , 1 ^vi , 1 ^vii , 102, 104, 106, 108 , 110, 112, 206, 208, 210) parallel to at least one axis of symmetry, preferably a surface normal at least one aperture (7, 7 ', 7 ", 7'", 7 ^1V, T, T \ 7 ^vii, 19 ^V, 144, 146, 158, 176, 212, 226) of the fluid guiding element (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", 1 ^iv , T, 1 ^vi , 1 ^vii , 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 206, 208, 210), in particular the axis of symmetry of the main fluid line (3, 3 ', 3 ", 3'", 3 ^iv , 3 ^V , 3 ^vi , 3 ^vii , 128, 150, 166, 168, 170, 218) , 232, 244) with the symmetry axis of the diaphragm (7, T, 7 ", 7 '", 7 ^iv , 1 \ T \ 7 ^vii , 19 ^V , 144, 146, 158, 176, 212, 226) coincides or the axis of symmetry of the main fluid line is offset from the axis of symmetry of the diaphragm.

17. A silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least two partitions (27 ^vi , 27 ^vii , 31) which can be arranged within the chamber which is at least partially delimited by at least one diaphragm (7 ^V1 , 7 ^VU ) of at least one fluid-conducting element (1 ^V1 , 1 ^vu ) ^vii ), wherein the partitions (27 ^vi , 27 ^vii , 31 ^vii ) in particular in one piece with at least one main fluid line wall (3 ^V1 , 3 ^V11 ), at least one aperture (7 ^V1 , 7 ^VU ) and / or at least one closure element of the Fluidleitelements (1 ^V1 , l ^vu ) can be formed.

18. A silencer according to claim 17, characterized in that by means of the partitions (27 ^V1 , 27 ^VU , 31 ^V11 ) at least two sub-chambers can be formed within the chamber, preferably at least one opening (13 ™, 13 ^vii ), the main fluid line (3 ^vi , 3 ^vii ) of the Fluidleitelements (l ^vi , l ^vii ) connects to at least one sub-chamber and / or at least one partition wall (31 ^VU ) at least one opening (29 ^vπ ), preferably for connecting two sub-chambers with each other.

19. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by means of the muffler (140, 200) broadband sound pulsations are attenuated, preferably in the range of about 0 to 1000Hz, more preferably in the range of 0 to 750Hz and more preferably in the range of 0 to 500Hz.

20. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one fluid guide element (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'", l ^iv , l ^v , l ^vi , l ^vü , 102, 104, 106, 108, 110th , 112, 206, 208, 210), in particular the first, second, third and / or fourth fluid guide element, at least one main fluid line (3, 3 ', 3 ", 3'", 3 ^iv , 3 ^V , 3 ^vi , 3 ^vii , 128, 150, 166, 168, 170, 218, 232, 244), at least one aperture (7, 7 ', 7 ", 7'", 7 ^iv , T, T \ 7 ^vii , 19 ^V , 144, 146 , 158, 176, 212, 226), at least one partition (27 ^vi , 27 ^V ", 31 ^V ") and / or the housing (142, 202) at least partially comprises a plastic, a metal and / or a composite material.

21. Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the muffler (140, 200) is connectable to at least one exhaust gas tract of a motor vehicle.

22. Motor vehicle comprising at least one silencer according to one of the preceding claims.

23. Motor vehicle according to claim 22, characterized by at least one internal combustion engine and at least one exhaust gas tract, wherein the muffler is arranged in particular in a secondary air supply to the exhaust gas tract.

24. A method for producing a silencer, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the steps of providing at least one housing,

Providing at least two fluid guide elements,

Connection of the fluid guide to at least one Fluidleitmodul and

Arrangement of the Fluidleitmoduls within the housing.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the fluid guide elements of a plurality of standardized Fluidleitelemente, in particular depending on a desired sound attenuation effect, preferably at least one frequency spectrum to be attenuated, are selected.

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that at least one Fluidleitelement, in particular before a connection of the Fluidleitelemente to the Fluidleitmodul and / or before an arrangement of the Fluidleitmoduls within the housing, preferably in response to the desired sound damping effect, adapted, in particular at least one opening in at least one main fluid conduit wall, at least one Aperture, at least one partition and / or at least one closure element is formed.

27. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that before, during and / or after the arrangement of the Fluidleitmoduls in the housing, the housing is at least partially connected to the Fluidleitmodul, in particular with at least one fluid guide.

28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that at least one, at least one further Fluidleitelement, the housing and / or the Fluidleitmodul with each other by means of at least one clip, snap, plug, adhesive, adhesive, screw and / or Welded connection can be connected.