WO2007135643A1 - Target for clay pigeon shooting - Google Patents

Target for clay pigeon shooting Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007135643A1
WO2007135643A1 PCT/IB2007/051909 IB2007051909W WO2007135643A1 WO 2007135643 A1 WO2007135643 A1 WO 2007135643A1 IB 2007051909 W IB2007051909 W IB 2007051909W WO 2007135643 A1 WO2007135643 A1 WO 2007135643A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
target
clay pigeon
pigeon shooting
shooting according
percentage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2007/051909
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Giorgio Romano Bertolino
Original Assignee
Master S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Master S.R.L. filed Critical Master S.R.L.
Publication of WO2007135643A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007135643A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41JTARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
    • F41J1/00Targets; Target stands; Target holders
    • F41J1/01Target discs characterised by their material, structure or surface, e.g. clay pigeon targets characterised by their material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41JTARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
    • F41J9/00Moving targets, i.e. moving when fired at
    • F41J9/16Clay-pigeon targets; Clay-disc targets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a target for clay pigeon shooting.
  • clay pigeon shooting plates made from a composition of an inert material, generally clay in a percentage of 67%, and a binder, in a percentage of 33%, typically pitch and/or bitumen, as by-products from oil or coal, are conventionally used as the flying targets.
  • This binder tends to pollute ground and groundwater, and therefore shooting areas must undergo periodical and costly clean-up work carried out by companies specializing in the disposal of wastes.
  • Many attempts have been made in the course of recent years to find a binder as an alternative to bitumen which will make it possible to produce non-polluting plates having the same physical and mechanical properties as conventional clay-bitumen plates; the solutions suggested so far have never found large-scale application.
  • Targets or plates for clay pigeon shooting must be sufficiently robust to resist handling in storage and transport, but must also be suitably brittle so that they break up when struck by pellets.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a target for clay pigeon shooting wholly comprising components which do not release polluting or toxic substances into the environment.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide targets having physical and mechanical properties which are identical to those of conventional clay-bitumen targets, which are capable of withstanding the stresses incurred not only during transport and storage but also during launching operations. In addition to this the targets must be sufficiently brittle to break up when struck by projectiles.
  • Another object of the invention is to use easily available low-cost raw materials.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide the possibility of manufacturing targets by mere cold compression. Another object of the invention is to provide targets whose fragments can be wholly recycled to form new targets.
  • Targets for clay pigeon shooting can be produced from the granules so obtained using various techniques: cold injection moulding, or hot compression, or cold compression (particularly advantageous), or transfer or by using yet other methods.
  • the particles of calcium carbonate coated with liquid wax are constrained to move by the injection pressure in such a way that they fill the mould cavity.
  • the molten wax acts as a lubricant, helping to render the paste fluid, and allows the paste to take up the shape of the mould.
  • the same molten wax also acts as a binder or adhesive when the paste cools. On cooling the wax hardens and the particles of the calcium carbonate powder are firmly bound together, conferring resistance and dimensional stability upon the moulded targets.
  • Cold moulding requires the application of rather high specific pressures (of the order of 700-1000 kg/cm 2 on the material); the wax acts as a lubricant and allows the paste to fill the mould cavity; after the pressure has been withdrawn the particles of the inert powder are firmly bound together, ensuring that they maintain the shape acquired.
  • Inert mineral materials preferably as powders or fine particles, for example calcium carbonate, talc, kaolin, calcium sulphate, sand and/or mixtures of these, or also inert materials of vegetable or synthetic origin or metal and/or mixtures of these may be used as the inert base component.
  • Waxes of any kind for example mineral, natural (vegetable or animal), synthetic, paraffin, low molecular weight polyethylene, stearic acid, stearate, modified glyceride, polyglycol waxes or other products having a waxy consistency which are similar to or equivalent to waxes and/or mixtures of these may be used as the binding component.
  • the wax or waxes used will be chemically inert and biodegradable, such as for example waxes also used on food or pharmaceutical products.
  • the physical and mechanical properties of the targets and the workability of the paste of inert materials and binder may be modified by changing the components and/or their percentages and/or by making mixtures thereof.
  • the mechanical strength of the target is appreciably increased by adding reinforcing microfibres to the paste.
  • PVAL polyvinyl alcohol
  • colouring agents which are preferably harmless and biodegradable can be added to the paste mass; vegetable flours or other biodegradable products which will assist structural disaggregation of the targets, which are generally in fragments when they are left on the ground, can also be added to the paste. Because a biodegradable binder is used targets left on the ground will be open to attack by bacteria and will be biologically degradable.
  • Fragmented targets manufactured according to this invention will be wholly recyclable for the manufacture of new targets. Processing wastes will also be recyclable.

Abstract

A target for clay pigeon shooting comprises an inert base component as powder or fine particles and a binding component comprising wax.

Description

Target for clay pigeon shooting
This invention relates to a target for clay pigeon shooting.
In the sport of clay pigeon shooting plates made from a composition of an inert material, generally clay in a percentage of 67%, and a binder, in a percentage of 33%, typically pitch and/or bitumen, as by-products from oil or coal, are conventionally used as the flying targets. This binder tends to pollute ground and groundwater, and therefore shooting areas must undergo periodical and costly clean-up work carried out by companies specializing in the disposal of wastes. Many attempts have been made in the course of recent years to find a binder as an alternative to bitumen which will make it possible to produce non-polluting plates having the same physical and mechanical properties as conventional clay-bitumen plates; the solutions suggested so far have never found large-scale application.
Targets or plates for clay pigeon shooting must be sufficiently robust to resist handling in storage and transport, but must also be suitably brittle so that they break up when struck by pellets.
The object of the invention is to provide a target for clay pigeon shooting wholly comprising components which do not release polluting or toxic substances into the environment.
Another object of the invention is to provide targets having physical and mechanical properties which are identical to those of conventional clay-bitumen targets, which are capable of withstanding the stresses incurred not only during transport and storage but also during launching operations. In addition to this the targets must be sufficiently brittle to break up when struck by projectiles.
Another object of the invention is to use easily available low-cost raw materials.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide the possibility of manufacturing targets by mere cold compression. Another object of the invention is to provide targets whose fragments can be wholly recycled to form new targets.
These and other objects and advantages which will be better understood below are accomplished according to this invention through a target having the features specified in the appended claims.
A preferred but non-restrictive embodiment of a process for the production of targets for clay pigeon shooting according to the invention will now be described.
90 parts of powdered calcium carbonate (El 70) and 10 parts of paraffin or vegetable wax, for example a paraffin wax identified by the EEC reference E905 or a vegetable wax E570, are placed in a turbomixer having a high peripheral rotor speed, preferably in excess of 30 m/s. The turbomixer is started up and as a result of the friction generated by rotation of the rotor the mixture gradually heats up. Processing in the turbomixer is necessary in order to coat the fine particles of the base powder constituting the inert fraction (in this example calcium carbonate) with a very thin layer of wax and to render the mixture suitable for both cold and hot pressing. Mixing is continued until the mixture adopts a pasty consistency after the wax has melted; the material is then discharged and allowed to cool. This material is then passed to an extruder fitted with a cutter at the head and air cooling in order to reduce it into the form of granules. Targets for clay pigeon shooting can be produced from the granules so obtained using various techniques: cold injection moulding, or hot compression, or cold compression (particularly advantageous), or transfer or by using yet other methods.
During the hot pressing stage the particles of calcium carbonate coated with liquid wax are constrained to move by the injection pressure in such a way that they fill the mould cavity. The molten wax acts as a lubricant, helping to render the paste fluid, and allows the paste to take up the shape of the mould. The same molten wax also acts as a binder or adhesive when the paste cools. On cooling the wax hardens and the particles of the calcium carbonate powder are firmly bound together, conferring resistance and dimensional stability upon the moulded targets. Cold moulding requires the application of rather high specific pressures (of the order of 700-1000 kg/cm2 on the material); the wax acts as a lubricant and allows the paste to fill the mould cavity; after the pressure has been withdrawn the particles of the inert powder are firmly bound together, ensuring that they maintain the shape acquired.
Inert mineral materials, preferably as powders or fine particles, for example calcium carbonate, talc, kaolin, calcium sulphate, sand and/or mixtures of these, or also inert materials of vegetable or synthetic origin or metal and/or mixtures of these may be used as the inert base component.
Waxes of any kind, for example mineral, natural (vegetable or animal), synthetic, paraffin, low molecular weight polyethylene, stearic acid, stearate, modified glyceride, polyglycol waxes or other products having a waxy consistency which are similar to or equivalent to waxes and/or mixtures of these may be used as the binding component. Preferably the wax or waxes used will be chemically inert and biodegradable, such as for example waxes also used on food or pharmaceutical products.
The physical and mechanical properties of the targets and the workability of the paste of inert materials and binder may be modified by changing the components and/or their percentages and/or by making mixtures thereof.
In a particular embodiment of the invention the mechanical strength of the target is appreciably increased by adding reinforcing microfibres to the paste. From experimental tests it has been found that the addition of 0.1 % by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL) reinforcing microfibres brings about a 30% increase in compression strength. Microfibres of 1.80 den (denier) which are 6 mm long were used in the case quoted. Indicatively the percentage by weight of reinforcing fibres will be between 0.05 and 2% by weight.
In order to provide the targets with improved visibility, colouring agents which are preferably harmless and biodegradable can be added to the paste mass; vegetable flours or other biodegradable products which will assist structural disaggregation of the targets, which are generally in fragments when they are left on the ground, can also be added to the paste. Because a biodegradable binder is used targets left on the ground will be open to attack by bacteria and will be biologically degradable.
Fragmented targets manufactured according to this invention will be wholly recyclable for the manufacture of new targets. Processing wastes will also be recyclable.

Claims

1. A target for clay pigeon shooting, comprising
- an inert base component, as powder or fine particles, and
- a binding component, characterized in that the binding component comprises wax.
2. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to Claim 1, characterized in that the binding component comprises wax.
3. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to Claim 1, characterized in that the wax is selected from the following: mineral, paraffin, natural, vegetable, animal, synthetic waxes and/or mixtures of these, products having a waxy consistency similar or equivalent to waxes and/or mixtures of these.
4. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inert base component is selected from the following: fine mineral, vegetable, synthetic, metal particles or powders and/or mixtures of these.
5. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inert base component is present in a percentage by weight of between 60 and 97%, and that the binding component is present in a percentage of between 3 and 40%.
6. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to Claim 5, characterized in that the inert base component is present in a percentage of between 85% and 95% by weight, and that the binding component is present in a percentage of between 5% and 15% by weight.
7. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises reinforcing fibres.
8. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to Claim 7, characterized in that the reinforcing fibres are polyvinyl alcohol microfϊbres.
9. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to Claim 7, characterized in that the reinforcing fibres are present in a percentage of between 0.05 and 2% by weight.
10. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a colouring agent added to the paste to confer improved visibility on the targets.
1 1. A target for clay pigeon shooting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is produced through a manufacturing process which comprises a combined action of heating and intense mixing using a turbomixer, an extruder, a roller mixer or any other system having a high shearing effect in such a way as to obtain a paste in which the particles of the inert component are coated with the binder and the paste becomes suitable for both cold and hot pressing.
PCT/IB2007/051909 2006-05-22 2007-05-21 Target for clay pigeon shooting WO2007135643A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO20060368 ITTO20060368A1 (en) 2006-05-22 2006-05-22 ECOLOGICAL MATERIAL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLIGHT TARGETS, COMPOSITION AND PREPARATION PROCEDURE.
ITTO2006A000368 2006-05-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007135643A1 true WO2007135643A1 (en) 2007-11-29

Family

ID=38543825

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2007/051909 WO2007135643A1 (en) 2006-05-22 2007-05-21 Target for clay pigeon shooting

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) ITTO20060368A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007135643A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2664598A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-11-20 Green Clay Manufacturing OÜ Composition for preparing environmentally friendly target and environmentally friendly target

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3554552A (en) * 1968-03-08 1971-01-12 Dow Chemical Co Frangible article composed of polystyrene and polyethylene waxes
US3666699A (en) * 1968-03-08 1972-05-30 Dow Chemical Co Compositions of polystyrene and polyethylene waxes
US4623150A (en) * 1982-06-18 1986-11-18 Reagent Chemical And Research, Inc. Environmentally acceptable frangible target compositions
EP0575941A1 (en) * 1992-06-24 1993-12-29 James Lee Targets
GB2320901A (en) * 1997-01-04 1998-07-08 Peter Alan Booth Clay pigeon target compositions

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3554552A (en) * 1968-03-08 1971-01-12 Dow Chemical Co Frangible article composed of polystyrene and polyethylene waxes
US3666699A (en) * 1968-03-08 1972-05-30 Dow Chemical Co Compositions of polystyrene and polyethylene waxes
US4623150A (en) * 1982-06-18 1986-11-18 Reagent Chemical And Research, Inc. Environmentally acceptable frangible target compositions
EP0575941A1 (en) * 1992-06-24 1993-12-29 James Lee Targets
GB2320901A (en) * 1997-01-04 1998-07-08 Peter Alan Booth Clay pigeon target compositions

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2664598A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-11-20 Green Clay Manufacturing OÜ Composition for preparing environmentally friendly target and environmentally friendly target

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO20060368A1 (en) 2007-11-23

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