WO2007140702A1

WO2007140702A1 - Multicast service processing method and access equipment

Info

Publication number: WO2007140702A1
Application number: PCT/CN2007/001644
Authority: WO
Inventors: Zhiqiang Li; Qin Chen; Deyi Wang; Peifeng Qin; Yong Luo; Xifeng Wan; Jiahong Wei; Yue Chang; Haijun Wu
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2006-06-09
Filing date: 2007-05-21
Publication date: 2007-12-13
Also published as: EP2034731A1; CN104837070A; EP2034731A4; WO2007140702A8; SG172691A1; US20090147786A1

Abstract

A multicast service processing method and access equipment are disclosed, wherein the method includes: receiving multicast program request message from terminal device, inquiring about program rating parameters according to said multicast program request message, wherein the program rating parameter includes multicast group IP address and multicast program rating priority, generating multicast program data according to the program rating parameters, then sending the multicast program data to the terminal device.

Description

Multicast service processing method, system and access device

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on June 9, 2006, the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 200610035881.6, and the invention name is "a multicast channel control method and device", submitted on July 20, 2006. China Patent Office, Application No. 200610098972.4, the priority of the Chinese patent application entitled "A Method for Differentiating Program Channels in an IPTV Bearer Network", submitted to the China Patent Office on July 24, 2006, the application number is 200610103601.0, the priority of the Chinese patent application entitled "A method for hierarchical control of multicast programs and access devices", submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on August 15, 2006, the application number is 200610111216.0, and the invention name is The priority of a Chinese patent application for a multicast service processing method and system, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of data communications, and in particular, to a multicast service processing method, system, and access device.

Background technique

Multicast technology is a point-to-multipoint network technology designed to ease the burden of network load and media servers. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a multicast system. As shown in the figure, the multicast system is composed of a video multicast service system 10, an IP metropolitan area network 11, an access network 12, and a home network. The access network 12 includes: an access device 121 and a modem 122; and the home network 13 includes: a collar box 131, a television 132, and a computer 133. The multicast service system implements video user management, video collection system, and video encoding function, and then sends the video service stream to the IP metropolitan area network; the IP metropolitan area network sends the video service stream to the broadband access network through the Π>multicast function; The access network implements the control function of joining or leaving the video group, and sends the video stream required by the user to the user.

With the development of IPTV (IP TeleVison, IP Video) services, more and more broadband access networks support IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) and IGMP-based multicast services. Compared with unicast, multicast can effectively utilize network bandwidth, reduce network traffic, and improve data transmission efficiency. At present, multicast technology has become a key supporting technology for many network applications, such as: network multimedia conferencing, distance education, IPTV, online real-time broadcast, network data distribution, distributed collaborative work, and so on.

The system networking structure of the multicast service using the IGMP protocol is shown in Figure 2, including: 21. A modem 20, an access device 22, a multicast source network 23, and an authorization server 24. When the terminal device 21 needs to join a multicast group, that is, the channel that is usually spoken, the IGMP Report message is sent to the access device 22 through the modem 20. After the access device 22 receives the IGMP Report message, the terminal device 21 The multicast forwarding table is added to the multicast forwarding table, and then the IGMP Report message is sent to the multicast source network 23, and the multicast stream is imported to the access device 22. Then, the access device 22 forwards the multicast stream to the line where the terminal device 21 is located. on. At a certain period of time, the access device 22 sends an IGMP Query to query whether the terminal device 21 is still receiving the multicast stream. If the terminal device 21 needs to continue to remain in the multicast group, it must respond to an IGMP Report message and simultaneously multicast. There is also a process between the source network 23 and the access device 22 to maintain the forwarding relationship of the multicast stream.

From the process of multicasting a multicast group by the multicast terminal device, the multicast terminal device switches the channel to send two IGMP messages, one is the leaving message of the current channel, and then sends a joining message that the terminal device wants to watch the channel. For example, the right to join a program to a terminal device can be controlled by the access device or on the authorization server.

The IGMP protocol stipulates that after receiving the Leave message of the multicast user on the port, the access device needs to send a specific group query message and wait for the response of other users that may exist in the multicast group to determine the connection of the port. Whether there are other multicast users in the network in the group. After confirming that no other users are in the multicast group, the port can be deleted from the multicast group entry, thus ensuring that a user does not leave. The interference may be other users of the same multicast group as the user.

However, the delay caused by the above-mentioned multicast specific group query message process brings problems in the actual IPTV service application. In the IPTV service provided by the multicast technology, the user's channel switching operation includes: sending an IGMP leave message of the original channel, and sending an IGMP join message of the new channel. After receiving the IGMP Leave message, the multicast access device does not immediately interrupt the original video stream. Instead, it sends an IGMP group-specific query message and waits for the user to respond to the IGMP join message. Video stream. During the period in which the multicast access device waits for the response packet, the original channel cannot be deleted in time, and the new and old video streams are simultaneously delivered, which wastes a lot of bandwidth. For example, when a user browses multiple channels in sequence, from channel 1 to channel 10, a video stream of 10 channels is simultaneously sent to a multicast service port of the multicast access device in a period of time, which may be greatly The downlink bandwidth of the service port is exceeded, resulting in packet loss and delay. The video quality of the user is drastically reduced or even cannot be viewed. Since the multicast performance of the current metropolitan area network is a key performance bottleneck of the multicast technology, the metropolitan area network has tens of thousands of users, and the user needs to have a performance experience similar to the traditional CATV (cable network), which needs to be completed in one second. For a single user's switching channel request, the processing time of all users' concurrent switching channel requests cannot exceed 1 second. That is to say, the maximum time allowed for the video stream in the access device (excluding the transmission and codec time of the home device, and the processing time of the metropolitan area network and the multicast service system) cannot exceed 1 second.

In order to solve the delay problem of multicast processing, there is currently a solution for pushing all multicast programs to the access device. However, this scheme greatly increases the fixed bandwidth occupied by multicast when there are many multicast channels. For example, considering 1000 multicast channels, the average bandwidth required for each program is 5M. Then, the multicast will require 20G of fixed bandwidth from the edge device to the access device to specifically push the multicast traffic. Obviously, this is unacceptable in practical applications. Moreover, since the access device needs to process all user-side IGMP messages and control messages sent to the network side, when multiple users join a program source at the same time, the access device needs to make an IGMP request message for each user. Processing, there is a lot of repetitive processing work. When a large number of users go online to switch video service channels, the performance of the access device will not be sufficient. Moreover, as the number of programs carried by the metropolitan area network increases, the quality of the program and the code stream become higher and higher, the bandwidth of the entire metropolitan area network cannot withstand pushing all the programs to the access device.

In addition, there is a case in practical applications: Multiple multicast users may be connected to one service port. To this end, in the prior art, the access device initiates a fast leave function for multiple multicast users under one service port, and also sets a fast leave response time. After receiving a multicast leave message requested by the switching channel of the multicast user, a service port of the access device sends a specific group query message requesting to leave the channel to the multicast user under the port to determine whether to There are other multicast users watching the channel; if no other multicast users send the join message of the channel within the given fast leave response time, then no other users are considered to be watching the channel, so the channel is immediately cut off. If the multicast message is received by another multicast user in the given fast leave response time, the multicast stream of the channel is not cut off and the forwarding is continued.

Since the solution can control the fast leave response time within a reasonable and short enough time, the technical solution can quickly cut off the message that the multicast user leaves in a short enough time, and avoids the group that requests to leave. The long staying time of the broadcast channel affects the use of bandwidth, and at the same time It is enough to ensure that the outgoing multicast users will not interfere with other multicast users.

However, in the controlled multicast service application, the above solution is not well implemented. The controlled multicast service needs to control the maximum number of multicast channels that can be on-demand under one service port. Under this premise, the above technical solution may lead to unsuccessful channel switching. ^^Set the maximum number of on-demand channels of a service port to 2, and the two multicast users under the service port respectively subscribe to the multicast channel VIII and ^. When the multicast user of the on-demand channel A wants to switch to channel C, the multicast user The leaving message of channel A and the joining message of channel C are sent to the access device. After receiving the Leave message of the multicast channel A sent by the multicast user, the access device sends a specific multicast query message of the channel A to the port. Before the fast leave response time expires, there are two ports under the port. The channel is being forwarded. The access device receives the join message of channel C. The number of simultaneous multicast channels on the port has reached 2, so according to the principle of controlled multicast, the access device will The joining of channel C is rejected, causing the channel switching to fail. Of course, if the multicast user re-issues the join message of channel C after the fast leave response message times out, the on-demand success can be obtained. That is, when the number of multicast channels currently being forwarded has reached the maximum number of multicast channels allowed to be accessed by the port, the multicast user must wait for the fast leave response timeout to switch to the multicast channel C to join. Such channel switching delay is not satisfactory for multicast users, and even cannot be received.

Summary of the invention

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for processing a multicast service, so as to reduce the delay of channel switching in an IPTV service and improve service quality.

Another aspect of the present invention provides an access device, which improves the processing capability of the access device, reduces the delay of channel switching in the IPTV service, and improves the service quality.

A multicast service processing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

The access device receives the multicast program request message from the terminal device;

Obtaining a program grading parameter according to the multicast program request message query;

Generating multicast program data according to the program ranking parameter;

Transmitting the multicast program data to the terminal device.

The multicast service processing method of this embodiment adds a new parameter, that is, multicast program grading priority information, in the prior art multicast program grading parameter, thereby further refining the multicast program grading and improving the service quality. T/CN2007/001644

An access device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: an IGMP packet processing unit, a router joining and leaving a message unit, and the following:

a multicast program management unit, configured to set a management multicast program hierarchical format and a hierarchical priority, and after the IGMP packet processing unit receives the multicast program request message of the terminal device, according to the hierarchical form and the hierarchical priority The level generates multicast program data, and transmits the multicast program data to the router to join the leave message unit.

The access device of the embodiment manages the multicast program hierarchical form and the hierarchical priority, and after receiving the multicast program request message of the terminal device, generates the multicast program data according to the hierarchical form and the hierarchical priority. Therefore, the multicast thrift classification is further refined, and the service quality is improved.

Obtaining statistics on multicast program ratings;

Determining a multicast program priority according to the rating statistics information, and configuring the priority to the access device;

The access device differentiates the multicast program according to the multicast program priority.

The multicast service processing method of this embodiment determines the processing priority of the program by using the audience rating to perform future audience rating prediction, so that different programs can be differentiated, and the most important programs are preferentially guaranteed to ensure the switching time. QoS (Quality of Service), such as packet loss rate, reserved bandwidth and pushed to the edge.

An access device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

An IGMP message processing unit, configured to receive a message, where the message includes a multicast program request message from the terminal device;

The router joins the leave message unit, and is configured to send the multicast program to the terminal device; the audience rating unit is configured to obtain the multicast program rating statistics information;

a multicast program priority determining unit, configured to determine a multicast program priority according to the audience rating statistics information;

a multicast program processing unit, configured to perform differentiating processing on the multicast program that the terminal device depends on according to the priority of the multicast program, and transmit the processed multicast program to the router to join the leaving message unit . The purpose is to handle the priority, so that different programs can be differentiated, priority is given to the most important programs, and QoS (Quality of Service) such as switching time and packet loss rate is guaranteed, and the bandwidth is reserved and pushed to the edge.

The multicast service processing system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: an access device and a policy server, where the access device includes: a multicast behavior information obtaining unit, a sending unit, and a multicast program processing unit; The method includes: a rating unit, a multicast program priority determining unit, and a configuration unit;

The multicast behavior information obtaining unit is configured to obtain user multicast behavior information according to the multicast program request message of the terminal device received by the access device;

The sending unit is configured to send the user multicast behavior information to the policy server, where the audience rating information unit is configured to obtain multicast program rating statistics information according to the user multicast behavior information;

The multicast program priority determining unit is configured to determine a multicast program priority according to the audience rating statistics information;

The configuration unit is configured to configure the multicast program priority to the access device, and the multicast program processing unit is configured to: request, according to the priority of the multicast program, the multicast requested by the terminal device The program is differentiated.

With the system of this embodiment, different programs can be differentiated, priority is given to the most important programs, and QoS (Quality of Service) such as switching time and packet loss rate is guaranteed, and the bandwidth is reserved and pushed to the edge.

After receiving the multicast channel join message, determining whether the current service port is allowed to join the multicast channel that the Shen Qian joins;

If allowed, forward the multicast channel to which the application is added;

If not allowed, the channel currently being forwarded by the service port is queried whether there is a multicast channel that has not received a response before the specific group query response time expires after the application leaves, and if yes, stops forwarding the application to leave. A multicast channel, and forwards the multicast channel to which the application is added. Otherwise, the join of the multicast channel is rejected.

The multicast service processing method of this embodiment is implemented under the condition of controlled single port multi-user access. Now, in the fast response time, the multicast channel switching can be controlled reasonably and effectively, the delay of channel switching is reduced, and the shield of the multicast service is guaranteed.

An access device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a channel leaving processing unit and a channel joining processing unit, where

The channel leaving the processing unit, configured to send, after the access device receives the multicast channel leaving the message, the multicast channel specific group query report that the application leaves the service port that receives the multicast channel After the response timeout of the specific group query timeout expires, the forwarding of the multicast channel that is requested to leave is stopped. The channel joining processing unit includes: a multicast forwarding unit, a first control unit, and a second control unit, where

The multicast forwarding unit is configured to control forwarding of a multicast channel;

The first control unit is configured to: after the access device receives the multicast channel join message, determine whether the current service port is allowed to join the multicast channel to be joined, and if yes, notify the multicast forwarding unit to forward The multicast channel to which the application is added, otherwise, is sent to the second control unit for processing; the second control unit is configured to query, in the channel currently being forwarded, whether there is a request to leave after a specific group query response time expires a multicast channel that has not received a response before, if yes, notifying the multicast forwarding unit to stop forwarding a multicast channel that the application leaves, and forwarding the multicast channel that the application joins, otherwise, rejecting the multicast channel Join.

The access device of this embodiment can control the switching of the multicast channel reasonably and effectively in the fast response time under the controlled single-port multi-user access, thereby reducing the delay of the channel switching and ensuring The quality of the multicast service.

Accessing device statistics to obtain common multicast channels for users;

Generating a multicast group of the common multicast channel of the user in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board of the access device;

The main control board requests the network side to deliver the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user according to the multicast group.

The multicast service processing method of the embodiment obtains the common multicast channel of the user in the access device by using the cumulative statistics, and the multicast processing unit of the main control board of the access device actively applies to join the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user, thereby The join delay of the multicast channel is reduced, and the processing efficiency of the multicast service is improved. A multicast service processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an IP metropolitan area network and an access network, where the access network includes an access device, and the access device includes a main control board and at least one interface board, each of which The interface board is connected to the main control board, and the main control board includes a main control board multicast processing unit, a main control board storage unit for storing the main control board multicast forwarding table, and a main control board multicast copy unit. The interface board includes an interface board storage unit for storing an interface board multicast forwarding table, and an interface board multicast copy unit for copying the multicast stream to the user port;

The intelligent decision device is connected to the main control board multicast processing unit of the access device, and is configured to acquire a common multicast channel of the user.

The multicast service processing system of the embodiment can obtain the common multicast channel of the user in the access device or the access network through the cumulative statistics, and the main control board actively pushes the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user to the interface board. Or the network side actively pushes the common multicast group of the user to the common access device, thereby reducing the join delay of the multicast channel and improving the processing efficiency of the multicast service.

An access device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a main control board and at least one interface board, and each interface board is connected to the main control board, where the main control board includes a main control board multicast processing unit, and is used for The main control board storage unit of the multicast forwarding table of the main control board and the multicast replication unit of the main control board, where the interface board includes an interface board storage unit for storing the multicast forwarding table of the interface board, and is used for the multicast stream. The interface board multicast replication unit is copied to the user port, and the access device further includes:

The smart decision device is connected to the main control board multicast processing unit, and is configured to obtain a common multicast channel of the user according to the multicast group information recorded by the multicast processing unit of the main control board, and instruct the main control board The multicast processing unit acquires the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user.

The access device of the embodiment can actively join the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user through the multicast processing unit of the main control board, thereby reducing the join delay of the multicast channel and improving the efficiency of the multicast service processing.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prior art multicast system;

2 is a network diagram of a system for implementing a multicast service by using the IGMP protocol in the prior art; FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for processing a multicast service according to the present invention;

4 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an access device according to the present invention;

5 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of a multicast service processing method according to the present invention; 6 is a schematic block diagram of a second embodiment of an access device of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of networking of a first embodiment of a multicast service processing system according to the present invention;

8 is a flowchart of a third embodiment of a multicast service processing method according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a network diagram of an IPTV service according to an embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a flowchart of multicast leaving processing in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 9;

11 is a flowchart of multicast joining processing in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 9;

12 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an access device according to the present invention;

13 is a flowchart of a fourth embodiment of a multicast service processing method according to the present invention;

14 is a flowchart of a fifth embodiment of a multicast service processing method according to the present invention;

15 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of an access device according to the present invention;

16 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of an access device according to the present invention;

17 is a schematic diagram of networking of a second embodiment of a multicast service processing system according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of networking of a third embodiment of a multicast service processing system according to the present invention.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 shows a flow of a first embodiment of a multicast service processing method according to the present invention, which includes the following steps:

Step 301: The access device receives a multicast program request message from the terminal device.

Step 302: Acquire a program grading parameter according to the multicast program request message query.

The multicast program grading parameter adds a new parameter based on the prior art grading parameters, that is, the multicast program grading priority information, to further refine the multicast program on the basis of the existing grading. The parameter may also include: a multicast group IP address, and/or a multicast source IP address, and/or a multicast program name, and/or a multicast program priority, and/or a multicast program VLAN, and/or Port information for sending multicast programs to the upstream router. The rating priority is information such as program bandwidth, and/or program provider, and/or program type.

Step 303: Generate multicast program data according to the program ranking parameter.

Step 304: Transfer multicast program data to the terminal device.

The multicast program data may be transmitted to the terminal device according to a preset control policy, and the control policy may be set according to a hierarchical priority and a hierarchical form of the multicast program data. Hierarchical form The expression of the program rating, such as when using numbers, the level of program A is 1, the program of program B is 2, etc.; when using characters: the level of program A is AAA, the level of program B is AAAA, etc.; When character and number are combined, the level of program A is X.1, and the level of program B is X.2. The hierarchical priority is a priority formed by the hierarchical classification of the multicast program. For example, the hierarchical data determined according to the hierarchical form is sorted, and the numerical value may be incremented or decremented according to the numerical value, or the character string may be sorted in the order of characters. Sort by string to form a certain format, etc.

The following control strategies can be selected: the priority of the multicast program with a lower priority; the priority of the multicast program with a higher priority; the priority of the multicast program is higher than a threshold (depending on the hierarchical priority and the classification basis) The maximum number of simultaneous online programs of the terminal device is a specific value, such as 1; the priority of the multicast program is lower than a threshold (depending on the hierarchical priority and the classification basis), and the maximum number of simultaneous online programs of the terminal device is one. A specific value, such as 3.

The above control policies can be many, based on the system in effect, or based on the multicast terminal device, or some control policies are based on the system, while other control policies are based on the terminal device port; when multiple control policies take effect, the effective sequence It can be chosen to be system-based over terminal-based device-based, or it can be selected as terminal-based port-based over system-based.

For example, the control policy sets the priority of the multicast program to be higher than 10, wherein the grading is based on the multicast bandwidth, the grading priority is a value, and the maximum number of simultaneous online programs of the terminal device is 1, and the control strategy is based on the system. That is, the on-demand of all terminal devices is handled as long as they are satisfied. When the priority of the multicast program that the terminal device needs to order is 15 and the priority of other online multicast programs is less than 15, after receiving the on-demand message (IGMP report message) of the terminal device, the other terminal is first used. The multicast program that the device has already online is offline, and then the channel of the on-demand request is set to be normally forwarded. In addition, the above control strategies are all controlled when the terminal device is online.

To generate a specific instance of a multicast program whose multicast program is classified into aaa, the configuration command is as follows: program add group-ip 228.1.1.1 source-ip 1.1.1.1 name phenix-tv priority 5 vlan 120 bind-port 8 grade aaa; , group-i source-i ^ name, priority, vlan, bind-port, and grade indicate the parameters for configuring the multicast program, followed by the parameter value. The meaning of the command is to add a multicast group IP address to 228.1.1.1. The multicast source IP address is 1.1.1.1, the multicast program name is phenix-tv, the multicast priority is 5, and the multicast program vlan is 120. The bound uplink port is

8, the multicast program is graded as aaa. Between the foregoing steps 301 and 302, that is, when the terminal device orders the multicast program, it may first authenticate the terminal device according to the authority of the terminal device, and determine the legitimacy of the program broadcasted by the terminal device. After the authentication is passed, the multicast bandwidth CAC (Connection Access Control) is performed, and then the multicast program is classified according to the on-demand.

The multicast service processing method of this embodiment adds a new parameter, that is, multicast program grading priority information, in the prior art multicast program grading parameter, thereby further refining the multicast program grading and improving the service quality. The operator can control the terminal device to preferentially order certain multicast programs according to the multicast program hierarchy; the operator can provide differentiated services according to the program provider to improve the competitiveness. Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the program of the high-low bandwidth is used for grading, and the program that is requested by the terminal device can only be on-demand when the program is on-demand, and the low-bandwidth program can be on-demand, so that the bandwidth of the terminal device can be used most effectively. Therefore, the best experience of the on-demand program of the terminal device is realized, thereby circumventing the limitation of the number of multicasts that can be simultaneously limited when the multicast bandwidth CAC is limited.

Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of an access device according to the present invention.

The access device 400 includes: a router joining and leaving message unit 401, an IGMP message processing unit 403, and a multicast program management unit 404. The multicast program management unit 404 is configured to set a management multicast program hierarchical format and a hierarchical priority, and generate multicast program data according to the hierarchical form and the hierarchical priority. The IGMP packet processing unit 403 is configured to receive the packet. The multicast program request message sent by the terminal device is included; the router join and leave message unit 401 is used for forwarding the multicast program data, that is, the multicast program data is injected into the access device, and the multicast program data is sent to the access device.

In addition, the access device 400 may further include: a terminal device identification/authentication, a channel state management unit 402, configured to perform a validity check on the terminal device, and determine according to a hierarchical priority of the multicast program requested by the terminal device. Channel forwarding control strategy. The control policy includes a priority offline with a low priority of the multicast program, a priority uplink with a high priority of the multicast program, and a maximum number of simultaneous online programs of the terminal device according to the hierarchical priority of the multicast program.

Certainly, the access device in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the foregoing configuration manner. According to the principle, other implementation manners may be further provided. For example, the terminal device identification/authentication and the channel state management unit 402 are respectively separated into two independent manners. Unit: Authentication unit, channel status management unit.

The processing of the multicast service in the access device 400 is similar to the description in the multicast service processing method in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3, and details are not described herein again. N2007/001644

- 12 - It can be seen that the access device of the embodiment manages the multicast program hierarchical form and the hierarchical priority, and after receiving the multicast program request message of the terminal device, generates according to the hierarchical form and the hierarchical priority. The multicast program data is used to further refine the multicast program and improve the quality of the service.

Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 shows a flow of a second embodiment of a multicast service processing method according to the present invention, which includes the following steps:

Step 501: The access device receives a multicast program request message from the terminal device.

Step 502: Obtain user multicast behavior information according to the multicast program request.

The multicast program request message includes a watch program request message and an exit program request message; the user multicast behavior information includes: a user join time, a user departure time, a user number, a watch program number, and the like.

The access device receives the multicast program request message that is sent by the terminal device and includes the program request information, and the access device records the program request information. User multicast behavior information is determined based on the program request information.

Step 503: The access device sends a user multicast behavior information file to the policy server, where the information file includes a file header and a record of multiple pieces of user behavior information. The file header includes: a start statistics time, an end statistics time, and a user equipment number. The user multicast behavior information includes: a user join time, a user departure time, a user number, and a watch program number.

Step 504: The policy server obtains program rating statistics information according to the user multicast behavior information. Specifically, the method includes: taking a record by the policy server, determining whether the time range of the record includes a sampling time point; if yes, determining the program type, and adding 1 to the number of users watching the program; determining whether the record is the last record If yes, take the ratio of the number of users watching the program to the total number of devices, otherwise continue to take a record.

Step 505: The policy server determines a program priority according to the audience rating statistics information, and configures the priority to the access device. For example, the statistical information is subjected to a high-order curve fitting method, or a weighted arithmetic average or a minimum square root to determine the program priority. The process of configuring the priority to the access device may be a periodic configuration or a real-time configuration. The periodic configuration is specifically configured to: configure a program priority of the multiple time segments to the access device at one time, and the access device starts a timer, and periodically refreshes the current priority configuration of the access device according to the priority information; The configuration is as follows: Real-time sending current needs The desired program priority is given to the designated access device, and the access device updates its stored priority configuration according to the priority information.

Step 506: The access device performs a differentiated process on the program according to the program priority. For example, reserve bandwidth for the program, and/or program statically forward to the access layer device, and/or guarantee program quality according to 802. lp information, and/or reserve multicast resources for the program, and/or send priority when concurrent IGMP protocol. The determining the bandwidth for the program includes: determining whether the sum of the allocated bandwidth and the to-be-allocated bandwidth at each point is less than the maximum multicast bandwidth, and if not, normal processing; otherwise, determining whether the program priority is above the value of the interpretation, If so, the program is transmitted using the allocated bandwidth, otherwise the multicast program is refused to be transmitted. The static forwarding to the access device specifically includes: copying the program whose priority is above the threshold to the line card; the line card creating the program multicast entry; adding the user port to the multicast entry. According to the 802.1p information, the quality of the program is specifically as follows: The order of the 802.1p of the program is marked in the order of priority, and the multicast program or the access control list ACL is used to perform 802. lp marking on the multicast program.

In the foregoing embodiment, the policy server obtains the program rating statistics information according to the user multicast behavior information sent by the access device, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this manner, and the program rating statistics information may also be obtained according to other manners. . Moreover, the statistical work of program ratings can also be done independently by the access device.

The multicast service processing method in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples. The program can be divided into multiple priorities, which are typically divided into four categories. For each priority program, the access device uses different processing actions, and each processing action can be enabled or disabled. Typical actions are as follows. Table 1 shows:

Table 1:

Name Dispatch team Pre-requisite Whether to forward or not Reserve whether to reserve the bandwidth when concurrency. Leave the bandwidth to the edge node. Multicast resources.

4 High priority Yes Yes 6 Yes Yes

Level

3 times high excellent no no 5 no no

Pre-level

2 Normal Excellent No No 4 No No

Pre-level

1 low priority no no 3 no no

Level

The scheduling queue in Table 1 indicates that the high-priority program enters the high scheduling queue, ensuring that it can be sent to the channel preferentially. When the egress is congested, the high-priority program can still be preferentially sent out without packet loss.

∞

The Layer 3 forwarding table in the device format is {in port, inbound VLAN, multicast group IP, multicast source IP, egress vlan + port list, egress queue, 802.1p}. You can specify the program exit in the multicast forwarding table. The queue is a high-priority queue. When the hardware copies a multicast program, the copied packets are inserted into the high-priority queue. When the packets are sent out, the packets of the high-priority queue are sent preferentially.

Whether to reserve bandwidth means: The bandwidth can be reserved for high-priority programs within the device and the network, ensuring that other services and low-priority programs cannot preempt high-priority bandwidth. When a device performs multicast CAC, the maximum multicast bandwidth is limited on the uplink port, circuit board, and user port. The bandwidth of each program can be counted or configured. When a new multicast program request is added, it is determined whether the allocated multicast bandwidth and the bandwidth of the allocated program at each point are smaller than the maximum multicast bandwidth. If not, the new multicast program is not allowed to be added, for high priority. Programs can reserve bandwidth.

Whether it is statically forwarded to the edge node (that is, the access device) means: The high-priority program is statically pulled to the edge of the node when there is no user on-demand, ensuring that only one copy can be reached to the user, ensuring to join the high-priority program as much as possible. fast. In order to improve performance, access devices often have two-level replication, one-level replication of online cards, and one-level replication on the stencil. The three-layer multicast table format on the stencil is {in port, in-VLAN, multicast group IP, multicast. Source IP, multicast vlan + line card list, egress queue, 802.1p}, for high-priority programs, all line cards can be fixed to this program, no user watch in time, high-priority programs will be copied to each line. card. Once the user orders the program, only the line card needs to create the program multicast entry and add the user port to the multicast table of the line card. The high-priority program is marked as high 802.1P, indicating that the lower-layer device can guarantee the quality of the high-priority program according to the 802.1p information, and can use the hardware multicast table or the ACL (Access Control List) to multicast the program. The 802.1p of the message is marked.

Whether to reserve multicast resources: A multicast program needs to use some multicast resources, such as internal multicast entries of the device, and multicast VLANs. For example, the source IP address is mapped to the multicast VLAN to support SSM. For high priority. The program can set reserved multicast resources to prevent low-priority programs from occupying, resulting in high-priority programs without resources available. The level 2 multicast table on the line card is in the form of {multicast VLAN, multicast group MAC or IP, egress pvc, or port list}. For high-priority programs, multicast entries can be created in a fixed manner. You don't need to apply for resources when you order it.

To ensure that the access device processes IGMP messages in a timely manner, you can use the concurrency mode. The principle is that all IGMP messages are cached in the cache queue. In order to ensure that the high-priority program is pre-processed, it can be judged when the queue is queued. If the IGMP message is requested by the high-priority program, the header of the cache queue is preferentially inserted.

In addition, in order to adapt to different operational requirements, each priority processing action can be configured. For an access device, the priority of the program can be configured from the configuration interface, either from the command line, the network management, or from the policy server. In fact, the priority of the program is not static, related to time and region, such as: During the day, shopping, cooking, variety and other channels are more popular, football channels may be very popular during the World Cup; video games in the student dormitory area Sports channels are more popular, and the financial, geographic, and tourism channels of the noble community are more popular. If the program priority of a certain period of time in a certain area can be automatically and accurately predicted and automatically configured on the bearer device of the metropolitan area network, the adaptability of the device and the performance of the IPTV service are greatly improved.

The access device is the multicast replication point closest to the user. The access device can collect the user's multicast behavior information, including the {user number, watch program number, start viewing time, end viewing time}, because access The device needs to process the IGMP protocol packets sent by the user, so the device will perceive and record the user's request and leave request each time. The access device periodically organizes the information into files, such as generating a local file for 2 hours, adding the time to start statistics, ending the statistics, and the device number, and then sending it to the policy server through the transport protocol. The policy server opens the file to perform the statistics of the access device of the access device during the statistical period. The viewing statistics are shown in Table 2:

Table 2

After accumulating enough ratings statistics, you can make future ratings forecasts. The audience rating forecast is to first select the statistical sample. The more reasonable method is to select the sample on a daily basis. It is considered that a certain time period of the previous day has a predictive significance for the same time period of the future day. This allows you to predict the ratings for the next day on a daily basis. Note that the working day and the section are divided into 4 days. To predict the working day, select the work 曰 statistics to make statistical samples. To predict the holiday, select the holiday statistics as the statistical sample. There are many prediction methods, including: high-order curve fitting method, weighted arithmetic average, minimum square root, and so on.

The following is an example of weighted arithmetic averaging. There are some environmental parameters as follows: Today is week 4, to predict tomorrow (week 5), 2:00 pm, program A's ratings use one of the ratings statistics as the forecast samples are 3 pm this week. 2 o'clock, 2 pm this week, 2 pm this week, 2 pm last week, 2 pm last week, 2 pm last week, 2 pm last week, 2 pm last week, the weight is 60, The arithmetic mean of 20, 10, 5, 2, 2, 1 c with weights is: (3 PM at 3 pm this week) x 60%+ (2 PM at 2 pm this week) X 20%+ ( This week's 1 pm ratings) X 10%+ (5 pm at 5 pm last week) X 5%+ (4 pm at 4 pm last week) X 2%+ (3 pm at 3 pm last week) ) X 2%+ (2 PM at 2 pm last week) X 1%.

With the rating prediction of the access device, the priority of the program on the access device can be determined based on the rating prediction. First, it is necessary to determine the period of program priority refresh. Since the priority of the program is frequently modified, the bearer network device is very busy, so it cannot be too short. In order to ensure that the program priority can be reflected in real time, it can not be too long. 2 hours is comparison. appropriate time. This period is configurable on the Policy Server. The audience rating prediction period is generally smaller than the program priority refresh period. The arithmetic average method is used to calculate the average audience rating prediction of a program during the refresh period. The rating forecast determines the priority, for example:

To determine the priority of the program from 2 pm to 4 pm on week 5, assuming that the rating prediction period is 15 minutes, the audience rating prediction of the program between 2 and 4 points can be averaged to obtain 2 to 4 points. The average rating of the show is predicted. The priority of the program during this time period is determined according to the following judgment rules: the audience rating > 20% is the highest priority; the 10%-20% is the second highest priority; 2%-10% is the normal priority; 2% is low priority.

Of course, these rules can be customized on the policy server. The policy server also supports manual intervention to modify the program priority of an access device for a certain period of time. For example, if a popular program is to be played on a certain unpopular channel tomorrow, the program priority of the time period needs to be manually increased.

It can be seen from the foregoing embodiment that the multicast service processing method of this embodiment determines the processing priority of the program by using the rating statistics to perform future audience rating prediction, so that different programs can be differentiated and processed, and the most important programs can be performed. Priority guarantee, guarantee switching time, packet loss rate, etc.

QoS (Quality of Service), reserved bandwidth and pushed to the edge.

Referring to Figure 6, Figure 6 is a block diagram showing the second embodiment of the access device of the present invention.

The access device 600 includes: an IGMP packet processing unit 601, and a router joins and leaves a message unit.

602. The rating statistics unit 604, the multicast program priority determining unit 605, and the multicast program processing unit 606. The IGMP message processing unit 601 is configured to receive a message, where the message includes a multicast program request message from the terminal device, and the router join and leave message unit 602 is configured to send the multicast program to the terminal device. The audience rating unit 604 is configured to obtain the multicast program rating statistics information; the multicast program priority determining unit 605 is configured to determine the multicast program priority according to the audience rating statistics information; the multicast program processing unit 606 is configured to use the The multicast program priority classifies the multicast program requested by the terminal device, and transmits the processed multicast program to the router to join the leave message unit.

The audience rating unit 604 can obtain the multicast program rating statistics information in a plurality of manners. In this embodiment, the information transmitted by the multicast behavior information obtaining unit 603 provided in the access device 600 is used to obtain the group. A way of broadcasting program ratings statistics. As shown in FIG. 6, the multicast behavior information obtaining unit 603 is configured to obtain user multicast behavior information according to the multicast program request message. The audience rating unit 604 obtains multicast program rating statistics according to the user multicast behavior information. information.

Any one or more of the following subunits may be included in the multicast program processing unit 606 described above. (not shown): a reserved bandwidth sub-unit that reserves bandwidth for the multicast program, statically forwards the multicast program to a static forwarding sub-unit of the access device, and multicasts the multicast program a quality assurance subunit for ensuring program quality according to 802-lp information, and a reserved multicast resource subunit for reserving multicast resources for the multicast program, for storing the multicast program in a cache queue, In the case of multiple concurrent processing processes, the multicast program is preferentially inserted into the concurrent processing sub-unit of the header of the buffer queue.

The processing procedure of the access device 600 for the multicast service is similar to that described in the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 5, and details are not described herein again.

In order to reduce the processing load of the access device, the priority of the multicast program can be determined by means of the policy server, and the multicast program priority is configured to the access device in real time or periodically.

As shown in FIG. 7, the multicast service processing system of the embodiment of the present invention includes: an access device 71 and a policy server 72. The access device 71 includes: a multicast behavior information obtaining unit 711, a sending unit 712, and a multicast program processing unit 713. The policy server 72 includes: a rating statistics unit 721, a multicast program priority determining unit 722, and a configuration unit 723.

After the access device 71 receives the multicast program request message of the terminal device, the multicast behavior information obtaining unit 711 obtains the user multicast behavior information, where the user multicast behavior information includes: Join time, user departure time, user number, watch program number, etc. These user multicast behavior information is then sent by the transmitting unit 712 to the policy server 72. After the policy server 72 receives the user multicast behavior information, the audience rating unit 721 obtains the multicast program rating statistics according to the user multicast behavior information. For details, refer to the description in the method of the previous embodiment of the present invention. Then, the multicast program priority determining unit 722 determines the priority of the multicast program according to the rating statistics information. For details, refer to the description in the method of the previous embodiment of the present invention. After the priority of the multicast program is determined, the configuration unit 723 can be configured to the access device 71, and can be configured in real time. The timer 724 provided in the policy server 72 can periodically generate a notification signal, and the configuration unit 723 is notified. The multicast program priority is configured to the access device 71. In this way, the multicast program processing unit 713 in the access device 71 can differentiate the multicast program requested by the terminal device according to the multicast program priority.

It can be seen from the above embodiments that the access device or the multicast service processing system of the embodiment of the present invention can determine the processing priority of the program by using the audience rating to perform future audience estimation, thereby enabling different programs to be differentiated. Handling, giving priority to the most important programs, guaranteeing cut Change the QoS (Quality of Service) such as time and packet loss rate, reserve bandwidth and push it to the edge. Another multicast service processing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention improves the processing of receiving a multicast join message by the multicast access device on the basis of the prior art, so as to implement the group for leaving and joining the application. Reasonable and effective control of the broadcast channel.

In the prior art, after receiving the multicast channel leaving message, the access device sends the multicast channel specific group query message to which the application leaves the service port to the service port that receives the multicast channel, and starts a specific group. Query the fast response time timer. After the timer expires, the forwarding of the multicast channel that is requested to leave is stopped immediately.

When the multicast channel join message is received, the process of the third embodiment of the multicast service processing method of the present invention is as follows:

Step 801: Receive a multicast join message.

In step 802, it is determined whether the current service port is allowed to join the multicast channel to be joined. If yes, go to step 805. Otherwise, go to step 803.

Step 803: Query, in the currently forwarding channel, whether there is a multicast channel that has not received a response before the specific group query response time expires after the application leaves, if yes, go to step 804, otherwise, go to step 806.

Step 804: Stop forwarding a multicast channel that the application leaves.

Step 805: Forward the multicast channel to which the application is added.

Step 806, rejecting the joining of the multicast channel.

The above description will be specifically described below based on specific examples.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the IPTV access network, the access device 91 of the multicast service is a DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer), which functions as a multicast router and accesses the device. 91 provides the user with an xDSL (Digital Subscriber Line) service port; on the user side, two STB (Set Top Box) devices 92 pass through the HUB (hub) 93 and the same xDSL modem (Modulation and DEModulation, MODEM) ) 94 connections, two TVs 90 are connected to each of the two STBs.

The operation of each STB device 92 can be divided into three types: power on, switch channels, and power off. The STB device 92 sends a multicast join message when the device is powered on. When the channel is switched, the multicast leave message of the current channel is sent first, and then the multicast join message of the new channel is sent, and the current channel is sent when the device is powered off. Group Broadcast to leave the message. Therefore, the processing of the request of the client STB can also be summarized as the processing of the multicast leave request and the multicast join request.

In this embodiment, the process of processing a multicast leaving message is as shown in FIG. 10:

Step 1001: Receive a multicast leaving message.

Step 1002: Send, to the xDSL port that receives the multicast leaving message, a specific group query message of the channel that is requested to leave;

Step 1003, setting the state of the channel to the upcoming state, and starting the fast response time timer;

Step 1004: Determine whether the timeout device has timed out. If yes, go to step 1005. Otherwise, go to step 1006.

Step 1005, stopping forwarding of channel data that the application leaves;

Step 1006, it is determined whether a response message of a specific group query is received, and if yes, step 1007 is performed; otherwise, step 1004 is continued;

In step 1007, the status of the channel is changed to the normal state, and the timer is cleared, and the operation ends. Correspondingly, the processing procedure for multicast join messages is as shown in Figure 11:

Step 111: Receive a multicast access message;

Step 112: Determine whether the current xDSL port is allowed to join the multicast channel to which the application is added, and if yes, go to step 115, otherwise, go to step 113;

Step 113: Query whether there is a multicast channel in the upcoming state in the channel currently being forwarded, if yes, go to step 114, otherwise, go to step 116;

Step 114: Stop forwarding the multicast channel that is in the outgoing state and the earliest application to leave; Step 115, forwarding the multicast channel that the application joins, and the operation ends;

Step 116: Reject the joining of the multicast channel, and the operation ends.

According to the above processing steps, the principles and applications of the present embodiment will be specifically described below in conjunction with the above three operations.

Assume that the STB user performs a shutdown operation or a channel switching operation to send a multicast leave message to the DSLAM. After receiving the multicast leave message sent by the STB, the DSLAM sends a specific group query report of the channel to which the application leaves the xB port of the STB. At the same time, set the status of the channel to the upcoming state, and start the quick response timer. In the fast response time, that is, before the timer expires, the following three situations may occur:

1) Did not receive any affiliation.

This can happen when an STB user shuts down.

In this case, the timer expires and the data of the channel that the STB user applied to leave will stop forwarding.

2) Receive the join message of the channel that the xDSL port is currently forwarding.

When an STB user is shutting down, another STB user is booting up to a channel being forwarded, or one STB user is shutting down, another STB user is switching channels to a channel being forwarded, or an STB user is switching channels to a This may happen with forwarded channels.

In this case, since the channel to which the application is applied has been forwarded by the current xDSL port, there is no need to add or delete the forwarding data of the multicast channel.

This situation includes two scenarios: the channel that is applied for joining is the current forwarding channel that is about to leave the state and the channel that is being forwarded to the channel that is currently being forwarded.

In the former case, the state of the channel in the leaving state is changed to the normal state, the timer is cleared, and the channel is normally forwarded.

For the latter case, no processing is required.

3) Receive the join message of the new channel.

When an STB user is shutting down, another STB user is booting up to a new channel, or one STB user is shutting down, another STB user is switching channels to a new channel, or an STB user is switching channels to a new channel, This may happen.

In this case, it is first determined whether the current xDSL service port also allows the new channel to join, and if so, directly forwards the newly applied channel data to the port, otherwise, it queries whether there is a channel currently in the leaving state. If yes, the forwarding of the channel in the upcoming state is aborted, and the newly added multicast channel is forwarded; otherwise, the new multicast channel cannot be joined.

In practical applications, an xDSL service port is configured with a maximum number of multicast channels allowed to be accessed, and the maximum number of access multicast channels is set according to the bandwidth or management needs of the xDSL port. Determine whether the current xDSL service port allows the joining of new channels, that is, determine that the port is currently Whether the number of forwarded channels is less than the maximum number of allowed access channels set by the port. If it is less than, the access of the newly added channel is allowed. Otherwise, access is not allowed.

In addition, in the above process of determining whether there is currently a channel in the upcoming state, if there is currently more than one channel in the upcoming state, the forwarding of the channel that should be the most left should be suspended first, and the most should be left in the channel. In practical applications, there are two ways to judge, one is the channel that is the earliest application to leave, and the other is the channel closest to the timeout.

In this case, if the number of currently forwarded channels of the port is already equal to the maximum number of allowed access channels, the newly applied channel cannot be accepted according to the conditions of the access control, so it is searched for whether there is an upcoming leaving state but still The forwarded channel, if it exists, suspends the forwarding of one of the most outgoing channels in the upcoming state, forwarding the newly joined multicast channel, otherwise, the new multicast channel cannot be joined.

The following is an analysis of several operations of STB that may cause this situation:

When an STB user is shutting down and another STB user is booting up to a new channel, the two STB users need to be in the fast response time, so the probability of this situation is relatively low.

When one STB user is shutting down and another STB user is switching channels, the same action is required for two STB users. ^^ This can happen in a fast response time, so the probability of this situation is also low.

When an STB user switches channels to a new channel, a STB user sends a multicast leaving message of the existing channel and a multicast joining message of the new channel to the DSLAM device in a short time while switching channels. The probability of this situation is much higher. Therefore, this embodiment has a greater significance for the STB user to control the multicast channel when switching channels.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an access device, which implements effective control of joining and leaving a multicast channel by using the above method. The embodiments are described below.

Referring to FIG. 12, FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an access device according to the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the access device includes a channel leaving processing unit 121 and a channel joining processing unit 122, wherein the channel leaving processing unit 121, after receiving the multicast channel leaving message, accesses the access device that receives the multicast leaving message. The service port sends a specific group of query messages for the channel that is leaving the application, and the channel's The status is set to the upcoming state and the fast response time timer is started. After the timer expires, the forwarding of the multicast channel that is requested to leave is immediately stopped.

The channel joining processing unit 122 further includes a multicast forwarding unit (not shown), a first control unit 123, and a second control unit 124, where:

The multicast forwarding unit controls the forwarding of the multicast channel according to instructions from other units, and mainly includes two operations: stopping forwarding a specified multicast channel and starting to forward a designated multicast channel.

After receiving the multicast channel join message sent by the STB user, the first control unit 123 determines whether the current port is allowed to join the multicast channel to be joined, and if so, notifies the multicast forwarding unit to forward the multicast channel to which the application is added. Otherwise, it is handed over to the second control unit 124 for further processing.

In a practical application, one service port of the access device sets a maximum number of multicast channels that are allowed to access, and the maximum number of access multicast channels is set according to the bandwidth of the service port or management requirements. Determining whether the current service port allows the joining of a new channel, that is, determining whether the number of channels currently being forwarded by the port is less than the maximum number of allowed access channels set by the port, and if not, allowing access of the newly added channel, otherwise , it is not allowed to access. In the process of determining by the channel determining unit 125, it is first determined whether the multicast channel applied by the STB user is a multicast channel that the current service port is already forwarding. If yes, no processing is performed. Otherwise, the channel number comparison unit 126 continues to determine. Whether the number of channels that the current service port is forwarding is smaller than the maximum number of allowed access channels set by the port. If it is smaller, the multicast forwarding unit is notified to start forwarding the data of the newly added channel. Otherwise, it is initially determined that the channel is not allowed. Access.

The second control unit 124 starts working after the first control unit 123 initially determines that it has been unable to accept a newly applied multicast channel. After receiving the notification from the first control unit 123, the second control unit 124 queries whether the multicast channel currently in the leaving state exists in the multicast channel currently forwarded by the service port, and if so, notifies the multicast forwarding unit to suspend the multicast channel. The forwarding of the channel in the upcoming state begins to forward the newly added multicast channel, otherwise, it is finally confirmed that the new multicast channel cannot be joined.

Similarly, in the above process of judging whether there is a channel in the upcoming state, if there is currently more than one channel in the upcoming state, the forwarding of the channel that should be the most left should be suspended first, and the most should be left in the actual application. It can be judged in two ways, one is the channel that is the earliest application to leave, and the other is the channel closest to the timeout. In the embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent decision-making device is added to the multicast processing system, and the multicast channel commonly used by the user is obtained by the cumulative statistics, and the access device obtains the multicast stream of the multicast channel commonly used by the user, thereby reducing the multicast stream. The join delay of the multicast channel improves the efficiency of multicast processing.

The following describes the multicast service processing method in the embodiment of the present invention by taking the processing of the multicast in the access device as an example.

Referring to FIG. 13, FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a fourth embodiment of a method for processing a multicast service according to the present invention, which includes the following steps:

Step 1301: The access device acquires a common multicast channel of the user.

The access device periodically records the multicast processing information recorded and processed by the multicast processing unit on the main control board, and records the multicast group maintained by the multicast and the time when the user joins and leaves each multicast group. Point, collect statistics on the on-demand frequency and time distribution of each interface board, and further collect statistics on the statistics to obtain the distribution of channels in the access device in each time period. A plurality of program frequencies with the highest frequency of the on-demand or the longest use time in the access device are obtained as the common multicast channel of the user, and the specific interface board with the high frequency of the multicast channel on the interface board is obtained. In the process of using, the user can select the common multicast channel of the user according to the on-demand frequency of the multicast channel or the usage time of the channel, or the user can select the common multicast channel of the user in combination with the trade-off.

The statistics of the common channel can be weighted according to factors such as the bandwidth occupied by the multicast channel, and the on-demand frequency of the multicast channel is weighted, so that the technical solution is more suitable for practical applications. Specifically, in order to balance the bandwidth factor, the weighting process multiplies the on-demand frequency by a smaller weighting factor for a program occupying a larger bandwidth. For example, multicast channel 1 has an on-demand frequency of 200 times/minute, and its occupied bandwidth is 2M, and multicast channel 2 has an on-demand frequency of 210 times/minute, and its occupied bandwidth is 5M. The multicast frequency of multicast channel 3 is 300 times per minute, and the bandwidth occupied by it is 8M. It is assumed that according to the preset weighting rule, the weighting factor for channel 1 occupying a smaller bandwidth is 1.1, the weighting factor for channel 2 occupying a slightly larger bandwidth is 1, and the weighting factor for channel 3 occupying a larger bandwidth is 0.8. Then, after weighting, the on-demand frequency of channel 1 is 220 times/minute, the on-demand frequency of channel 2 is 210 times/minute, and the on-demand frequency of channel 3 is 240 times/minute. Statistical analysis is performed on all weighted multicast channel on-demand frequencies, and several channels with the highest weighted on-demand frequency are obtained as common multicast channels for users. Step 1302: The access device acquires a multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user.

According to the statistical result of the step 1301, the user main control board multicast processing unit sends a request to the network side, and actively requests the network side to join the user's common multicast channel, and the network side sends the user to the access device according to the received request. Multicast stream of common multicast channels.

Step 1303: The interface board receives a user IGMP join request.

When the user needs to order a certain multicast channel, the STB sends an IGMP message to the access device to request the multicast channel.

Step 1304: The interface board submits the IGMP request to the main control board.

The port board submits all the IGMs received in the interface board to the multicast processing unit of the main control board connected to the main control board, and is processed by the multicast processing unit of the main control board.

Step 1305: The main control board determines whether the requested multicast stream is on the main control board. If yes, go to step 1307; otherwise, go to step 1306.

After receiving the multicast stream request sent by the interface board, the main control board determines whether the requested multicast stream is on the main control board according to the multicast group information maintained by the multicast processing unit of the main control board. The recorded multicast group information maintained by the multicast indicates that the requested multicast stream exists on the current main control board, and the requested multicast stream is on the main control board; otherwise, the requested multicast stream is not on the main control board. on.

Step 1306: Generate a multicast group in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board, add the interface board to the broadcast group, and generate a multicast entry in the multicast forwarding table of the interface board to join the user to the multicast group.

The main control board adds the multicast group of the multicast channel to which the user subscribes in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board, and adds the interface board that submits the IGMP request (that is, the interface board where the requesting user is located) to the multicast. In the group.

Correspondingly, the main control board multicast processing unit generates a multicast group requesting the multicast stream of the multicast channel according to the IGMP request, and joins the user who requests the join to the multicast group, and then the multicast group The interface board multicast forwarding table that is distributed to the interface board that submits the IGMP request.

Step 1307: Add the interface board to the multicast group in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board, and generate a multicast entry in the multicast forwarding table of the interface board to join the user to the multicast group. Then go to step 1 ³ 10.

The main control board adds the interface board that submits the IGMP request to the multicast group that requests the multicast channel in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board. Correspondingly, the main control board multicast processing unit generates a multicast group requesting the multicast stream of the multicast channel according to the IGMP request, and joins the user who requests the join to the multicast group, and then joins the multicast group. The interface board multicast forwarding table that is distributed to the interface board that submits the IGMP request.

Step 1308: The main control board requests multicast stream data from the network side.

If there is no multicast stream of the multicast channel requested by the user in the access device, the main control board sends a control packet to the edge device on the network side; the edge device on the side of the metropolitan area network passes the IP metropolitan area network. And requesting, by the multicast service system, the multicast stream of the multicast channel to be delivered; after receiving the request, the multicast service center adopts an MPEG-2 encoding format, and encodes the encoded channel into a unicast stream to be encapsulated into UDP/IP ( The User Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol, User Data Protocol/Internet Protocol, is pushed to the IP Metropolitan Area Network. After the edge device is passed, the edge device forwards it to the access device.

Step 1309: The main control board receives the multicast stream delivered by the network.

When the multicast stream forwarded by the edge device reaches the access device, the multicast replication unit of the main control board determines whether the multicast stream is the required multicast stream according to the multicast forwarding table of the main control board, and if yes, receives the multicast stream. The multicast stream.

Step 1310: The main control board sends a multicast stream to the interface board.

After receiving the multicast stream, the main control board multicasts the copying unit to the interface board of the multicast stream according to the record in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board, and copies the multicast stream to the interface board. .

Step 1311: The interface board sends a multicast stream to the user according to the multicast table.

After receiving the multicast stream, the interface board copies the multicast stream to the user port of the user on the interface board according to the user corresponding to the multicast channel in the multicast forwarding table of the interface board.

The multicast stream arrives at the terminal device by the user port, and after receiving the multicast stream, the user can watch the multicast channel that is requested.

It can be seen that, in this embodiment, the common channel of the access device is obtained in the access device. If the multicast channel requested by the user is a commonly used channel, the multicast processing unit of the main control board receives the IGMP request of the user. After that, the multicast stream of the requested multicast channel can be directly forwarded from the main control board to the interface board where the user is located, without requesting to be sent to the network side, thereby reducing the join delay of the multicast channel and improving the insertion delay. Multicast processing efficiency.

To further optimize the multicast processing inside the access device, you can also add an interface board multicast processing unit for multicast processing on the interface board. Referring to FIG. 14, FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a fifth embodiment of a method for processing a multicast service according to the present invention, which includes the following steps:

Step 1401: Obtain a common multicast channel of the user.

This step is the same as the step 1301 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 . The difference is that the interface board multicast processing for processing the user IGMP messages received by the interface board is added to the access board. Therefore, the acquisition of the common multicast channel of the user is specifically obtained according to the multicast group maintained by the multicast recorded by the interface board multicast processing unit and the time point when the user joins and leaves each multicast group. The method is the same as step 1301 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 and will not be described herein.

Further, according to the statistical result, a specific interface board with a higher weight of the on-demand channel or channel of the user's common multicast channel or a longer time of using the common multicast channel of the user is used as a common interface board, and is multicasted on the main control board. A multicast table of the common multicast channel of the user is established in the forwarding table, and each common interface board is added to the multicast table corresponding to the common multicast channel of the user.

Step 1402: Send the obtained multicast stream corresponding to the common multicast channel of the user to the interface board. According to the statistics of the step 1401, the main control board multicast processing unit sends a request to the network side, and actively requests the network side to join the user's common multicast channel, and the network side sends the user to the access device according to the received request. Multicast stream of multicast channels.

After receiving the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user delivered by the network, the main control board automatically copies the multicast group of the common multicast channel of the user in the multicast forwarding table. The multicast stream of the user's common multicast channel is copied to the common interface board of the common multicast channel of the user.

Step 1403: The interface board receives a user IGMP join request.

Step 1404: Determine whether the requested multicast stream is on the interface board. If no, go to step 1405. Otherwise, go to step 1406.

The interface board of the access device determines, according to the multicast group information maintained by the multicast processing unit of the interface board, whether the multicast stream is on the interface board, and if the recorded multicast group information maintained by the multicast indicates the current If the interface board has a multicast group of the requested multicast stream, the requested multicast stream is on the interface board, otherwise the requested multicast stream is not on the interface board. If the multicast channel requested by the user is a common channel obtained by the step 1401, and the common multicast channel of the user is the multicast frequency of the on-demand frequency or channel in the interface board, or the multicast channel with a long time is used. Then, in step 1402, the multicast stream of the user's common multicast channel has been pushed to the interface board, so the multicast stream already exists on the interface board.

Step 1405: Add the user to the multicast group in the multicast forwarding table of the interface board, and go to step 1404. The interface board adds the requesting user to the multicast group corresponding to the multicast channel that it requests in the multicast forwarding table of the interface board.

Step 1406: Generate a multicast group in the interface board multicast forwarding table.

In the multicast forwarding table of the interface board, the multicast group of the multicast channel that the user subscribes to is newly added, and the user is forced into the newly added multicast group.

Step 1407: The interface board requests the main control board to request the multicast stream of the multicast channel from the user.

Step 1408: The main control board determines whether the requested multicast stream is on the main control board. If yes, go to step 1409; otherwise, go to step 1410.

After receiving the multicast stream request sent by the interface board, the main control board determines whether the requested multicast stream is on the main control board according to the multicast group information maintained by the multicast processing unit of the main control board. The recorded multicast group information maintained by the multicast indicates that the current multicast group has the multicast group of the requested multicast stream, and the requested multicast stream is on the main control board, otherwise the requested multicast stream Not on the main control board.

If the multicast channel requested by the user is the common channel obtained in step 1401, then there must be a multicast stream of the multicast channel requested by the user in the main control board.

Step 1409: The main control board adds the interface board to the multicast group in the multicast forwarding table, and then goes to the step.

1413.

Add the interface board that submits the IGMP request to the multicast group corresponding to the multicast channel in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board.

Step 1410: Generate a multicast group in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board.

The main control board adds a multicast group of the user's on-demand channel to the multicast forwarding table of the main control board, and inserts the interface board into the multicast group.

Step 1411: The main control board requests multicast stream data from the network side.

Step 1412: The main control board receives the multicast stream delivered by the network.

Step 1413: The main control board sends a multicast stream to the interface board. Step 1414: The interface board sends a multicast stream to the user according to the multicast table in the multicast forwarding table of the interface board. The steps 1411 to 1414 are the same as the steps 1309 to 1313 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, and are not described herein.

It can be seen that the multicast processing of the access device is distributed to the interface board and the main control board in cooperation with the multicast processing in the internal processing of the access device in the embodiment shown in FIG. deal with. Because the multicast distributed processing is adopted, when the interface board has multiple users joining the same program source, the main control board only needs to process the first request, and does not need to repeat the processing, and uses the embodiment of the present invention. The method can make full use of the processing power of the system and greatly improve the multicast processing capability of the access device.

In addition, the mode of the multicast distributed processing is adopted, and the multicast forwarding table on the interface board is configured by the interface board according to the received user IGMP message, instead of being forwarded or transparently transmitted by the main control board according to the interface board. User IGMP messages are redistributed to each interface board. The main control board only needs to configure its own multicast forwarding table according to the IGMP messages forwarded by the interface board to the main control board. It can be seen that the method of the embodiment of the invention saves the communication inside the access device, which is beneficial to improving the processing speed.

In addition, if the multicast channel requested by the user is not the channel with the higher frequency of the on-demand interface, but is a commonly used channel, the user IGMP request is submitted by the interface board to the main control board, and only needs to reach the main control board. After the processing is performed, the interface card can be pushed to the user port of the requested user without requesting multicast join to the network side, which reduces the multicast processing delay and improves the multicast processing efficiency.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, an intelligent decision scheme for counting common channels within the access device and pushing the counted common channels to the corresponding interface boards is used. The scheme is applied to the multicast processing of the access network by the extension of the method in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, and the details are as follows:

Collect and count the programs in each interface board according to the time points of the users in the access board to join and leave each multicast channel in each access network inside the access network. The frequency and time distribution of the on-demand frequency are further summarized and statistically analyzed in all the interface boards of all the access devices to obtain the common channels in the access network, and the weights of the frequency or frequency of the commonly used multicast channels of the user are compared. A high or long access device. The calculation method is shown in FIG. ⁴ The procedure of Example I in 1401 the same way.

Then, according to the statistical result, the multicast copying unit of the access device that informs the user that the common multicast channel is located with a high on-demand frequency is fixed, and the most commonly used multicast channels are actively connected to the network. The side requests to join, and the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user is sent by the network side to the main control board of the access device that uses the common multicast channel frequency or frequency weight of the user or has a long use time.

For the multicast processing method in the access device, the method in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 or the method in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 may be used.

In this embodiment, since an intelligent decision-making scheme is introduced in the access network, the control network establishes a pre-addition tree, which improves the processing efficiency of the entire network.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, after obtaining the common channel in the access network and using the access device with the highest frequency of the common multicast channel of the user, the comparison table may be established on the network side according to the statistical result. Therefore, each common channel corresponds to an access device that uses the highest frequency of the common multicast channel of the user. The network side actively pushes the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user to the access device according to the comparison table. With the technical solution, the process of joining the multicast request can be further reduced, the multicast processing delay is further reduced, and the multicast processing efficiency is improved.

Referring to FIG. 15, FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of an access device in a multicast processing system according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 15, the access device 150 includes an interface board 1501, a main control board 1502, and an intelligent device. The decision device 1503, the access device is different from the prior art access device in that an intelligent decision device 1503 is added inside the access device.

The interface board 1501 includes: an interface board storage unit 1511 and an interface board multicast replication unit 1512. The main control board 1502 includes: a main control board multicast processing unit 1521, a main control board storage unit 1522, and a main control board multicast replication unit 1523.

The intelligent decision device 1503 is connected to the main control board multicast processing unit 1521, and is configured to record the multicast group information maintained by the multicast according to the main control board multicast processing unit 1521, the recorded user multicast behavior, and the user in each interface board. At the time of joining and leaving each multicast channel, collect the time distribution of the weight of the on-demand frequency or frequency of the multicast channel in each interface board and the weight of the frequency or frequency, and further statisticalize the statistical result. Obtaining the distribution of channels in the access device in each time period for a relatively long period of time, and obtaining the highest weight of the on-demand frequency or frequency in the access device 150 for a relatively long time, or the most widely distributed time range The program frequency is used as a common multicast channel for users. The weighting factor of the weight of the frequency is specifically set according to the bandwidth occupied by the frequency. A smaller weighting factor is adopted for a channel occupying a larger bandwidth, and a larger weighting factor is adopted for a channel occupying a smaller bandwidth, so that the processing for a common multicast channel can be considered more in combination with the allocation of bandwidth resources. After obtaining the common multicast channel, the smart decision device 1503 instructs the main control board multicast processing unit 1521 to establish a multicast for the common multicast channel of the user according to the main control board multicast forwarding table stored in the main control board storage unit 1522. In the group, the main control board multicast replication unit 1523 requests to join the network side according to the multicast group of the common channel in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board, so that the network sends the common multicast channel of the user to the main control board 1502. Multicast stream. The interface board storage unit 1511 is connected to the main control board multicast processing unit 1521, and is controlled by the main control board multicast processing unit 1521, and is configured to record the multicast group of the user corresponding to each multicast channel in the interface board.

The interface board multicast replication unit 1512 is connected to the interface board storage unit 1511 and the main control board multicast replication unit 1523, and is configured to perform multicast replication from the main control board according to the multicast group record in the multicast forwarding table of the interface board. The unit 1523 copies the multicast stream and copies the copied multicast stream to the corresponding user port of each user in the multicast group.

The main control board multicast processing unit 1521 is connected to the main control board storage unit 1522, the interface board storage unit 1511, and the smart decision device 1503, and is configured to receive the user IGMP message forwarded by the interface board 1501, and perform the IGMP message according to the IGMP message. Multicast processing. The process is as follows:

When the received IGMP message is requested by the user to request the multicast channel, the main control board multicast processing unit 1521 determines the requested information of the multicast group according to the multicast group information recorded by the main control board storage unit 1522 for multicast maintenance. Whether the multicast stream is on the main control board 1502. If the multicast stream requested by the user is on the main control board 1502, the main control board multicast processing unit 1521 instructs the main control board storage unit 1522 to submit the IGMP message. After the interface board 1501 is added to the multicast group corresponding to the multicast channel, and the interface board 1501 is added to the multicast group, the multicast forwarding unit 1523 of the main control board can be based on the multicast forwarding table of the main control board. The multicast stream of the multicast channel is copied to the interface board 1501. If the multicast stream requested by the user is not on the main control board 1502, the main control board multicast processing unit 1521 requests the network side to join, and requests to deliver the multicast stream. .

At the same time, the main control board multicast processing unit 1521 generates a multicast group corresponding to the user port of the multicast stream, and adds the multicast group to the interface board multicast forwarding table of the interface board 1501 that receives the user request.

The main control board storage unit 1522 is connected to the main control board multicast processing unit 1521 and the main control board multicast copy unit 1523, and is controlled by the main control board multicast processing unit 1521, and is used for recording the interface board corresponding to the multicast channel. Multicast group. The main control board multicast replication unit 1523 is connected to the main control board storage unit 1522 and the network side, and is configured to receive the delivered multicast stream from the network side according to the multicast group record in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board. And copy the multicast stream to the corresponding interface boards in the multicast group.

It can be seen that, because the smart decision device 1503 is newly added to the access device 150, if the multicast channel requested by the user is a commonly used channel, the multicast stream of the multicast channel is on the main control board 1502, and the user IGMP requests. After being submitted to the main control board 1502, the main control board 1502 only needs to be processed by the main control board 1502, and can be pushed to the user port of the requesting user through the interface board 1501 without requesting multicast join to the network side, thereby reducing the multicast processing delay. , improve the efficiency of multicast processing.

Referring to FIG. 16, FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to a fifth embodiment of an access device of a multicast processing system according to the present invention. As shown, the access device 160 includes an intelligent decision device 1603, an interface board 1601, and a main control board. 1602. The access device 160 differs from the access device 150 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 15 in that the interface board multicast processing unit 1613 is further added to the interface board 1601 of the access device 160 in this embodiment.

The intelligent decision device 1603 is respectively connected to the interface board multicast processing unit 1613 and the main control board multicast processing unit 1621. Since the interface board multicast processing unit 1613 is introduced in the access device 160, the intelligent decision device 1603 is In this embodiment, only the user multicast behavior recorded by the interface board multicast processing unit 1613 is required to obtain the common multicast channel of the user in the access device. The statistical method and the embodiment shown in FIG. The method in the same way.

Further, the intelligent decision device 1603 obtains, in addition to the statistics, the number of program frequencies in the access device 160 that are most frequently used in a relatively long time as the user's common multicast channel, and further acquires the frequency of using the common multicast channel of the user. Specific interface boards 1601. And the smart decision device 1603 instructs the main control board multicast processing unit 1621 to establish a multicast group for the common multicast channel of the user according to the multicast forwarding table of the main control board, so that the common channels are compared with the frequency of the common multicast channel used by the user. The high specific interface boards 1601 correspond to each other. When the main control board 1602 receives the multicast stream of the common frequency delivered by the network, the main control board multicast replication unit 1523 automatically multicasts the common multicast channel of the user according to the multicast group of the common multicast channel of the user. The multicast stream has a higher weight for using the frequency or frequency of the common multicast channel of the user, or is pushed by a specific interface board 1601 that uses the user's common multicast channel for a long time.

The interface board 1601 includes: The interface board multicast processing unit 1613 is connected to the interface board storage unit 1511 in the interface board 1601, and the main control board multicast processing unit 1621 and the intelligent decision device 1603, respectively, for performing the IGMP message sent by the user. Corresponding multicast processing. such as:

When the interface board 1601 receives the IGMP message for the multicast channel to be broadcasted by the user, it determines whether the multicast stream requested by the user is on the interface board according to the multicast maintenance multicast group recorded by the interface board storage unit 1511. If the multicast stream requested by the user is on the interface board 1601, the interface board multicast processing unit 1613 instructs the interface board multicast replication unit 1512 to perform the multicast group corresponding to the multicast channel recorded by the interface board storage unit 1511. Copying the multicast stream of the multicast channel to the user port; if the multicast stream requested by the user is not on the interface board 1601, the interface board multicast processing unit 1613 instructs the interface board storage unit 1511 to add the group of the multicast channel. The multicast group is forwarded to the interface board multicast forwarding table, and the interface board multicast processing unit 1613 forwards the user IGMP message to the main control board multicast processing unit 1621, and requests the main control board multicast processing unit 1621 to request the user to join. Multicast stream of multicast channels.

The interface board storage unit 1511 is connected to the interface board multicast processing unit 1613 and the interface board multicast replication unit 1512, and is controlled by the interface board multicast processing unit 1613, and is configured to record the multicast group of the user corresponding to the multicast channel.

The interface board multicast copy unit 1512 has the same connection relationship and functions as those in the embodiment shown in FIG.

The difference between the main control board 1602 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 15 is the main control board multicast processing unit 1621. In this embodiment, the main control board multicast processing unit 1621 and the main control board storage unit 1522 and the interface board multicast. The processing unit 1512 and the intelligent decision device 1603 are respectively connected to receive the multicast stream request sent by the interface board multicast processing unit 1613, and perform multicast processing according to the request.

As shown in the above description, since the interface board multicast processing unit 1613 is added to each interface board of the access device, all multicast processing originally concentrated on the main control board is distributed to each interface board and the main control board. Collaborative processing. Because the multicast distributed processing is adopted, when the interface board has multiple users joining the same program source, the main control board only needs to process the first request, and does not need to repeat the processing, and uses the embodiment of the present invention. The access device can fully utilize the processing capability of the system and greatly improve the multicast processing capability of the access device.

Further, the mode of the multicast distributed processing is adopted, and the multicast forwarding table on the interface board is configured by the interface board according to the received user IGMP message, instead of being configured by the main control board according to the interface. N2007/001644

-34- The user forwards the IGMP messages to the interface board. The main control board only needs to configure the multicast forwarding table based on the IGMP messages forwarded by the interface board to the main control board. It can be seen that the method of the invention saves the communication inside the access device, which is beneficial to improve the processing speed.

Further, if the multicast channel requested by the user is a channel with a higher on-demand frequency in the interface board 1601, after the user IGMP request reaches the interface board 1601, the user interface can be directly pushed by the interface board 1601 to the user port of the requested user. It is not required to be submitted to the main control board 1602 for processing, which further reduces the multicast processing delay and greatly improves the multicast processing efficiency.

Referring to FIG. 17, FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a multicast processing system according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the smart decision device 340 is applied to the entire access network, and the smart decision device 340 is connected to the network 80. Each of the access devices 800 (the access device 800 may be an access device in the prior art, or an access device 150 shown in FIG. 15 or an access device 160 shown in FIG. 16). The connection relationship between the smart decision device 340 and the ingress device 800 is specifically connected to the main control board multicast processing unit of each access device 800. For instructing the main control board multicast processing unit, according to the user multicast behavior recorded by each interface board multicast processing unit connected to the main control board multicast processing unit, statistics are added and removed from each interface board in the main control board. At the time point of each multicast channel, the weight of the user's on-demand frequency or frequency of each multicast channel in each access device, and the time distribution of the weight of the frequency or frequency are counted, and the result is statistically obtained to obtain an access network. All access devices 800 in 80 select the highest frequency of the frequency or frequency or the program frequency of the longest frequency as the user's common multicast channel for a relatively long period of time, and further select the common multicast of the user. The channel has a higher weight on the frequency or frequency of the corresponding access device 800, or the specific access device that uses the user's common multicast channel for the longest time is used as a common access device for the common multicast channel of the user.

The smart decision device 340 establishes a comparison table between the common channel and the access device 800 that commonly uses the common multicast channel of the user according to the obtained result, and notifies the common access device in the comparison table in the comparison table according to the comparison table. The multicast processing unit of the main control board actively sends a join request to the network side to request a multicast stream of a common channel with a high frequency of on-demand in the access device.

It can be seen that the smart decision device 340 is added to the entire access network system, and the smart decision device 340 enables the access device 800 in the access network 80 to obtain a group corresponding to the common channel with a higher frequency of use of the device. Broadcast. It is beneficial to improve the multicast processing efficiency of the multicast processing network. Referring to FIG. 18, FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a multicast processing system according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. The intelligent decision device 350 to which the access devices 800 are respectively connected is also connected to the IP metropolitan area network 107. After obtaining the common multicast channel of the access network and using the access device with the high frequency of the common multicast channel, the common channel is established in the IP metropolitan area network 107 and the frequency of using the common multicast channel of the user is relatively high. The access device 800 compares the table, so that the D metropolitan area network 107 actively pushes the multicast stream of the corresponding multicast channel to the access device 800 in the lookup table according to the lookup table.

It can be seen that, in this embodiment, the IP metropolitan area network 107 is used to actively push the multicast stream of the program frequency commonly used by the access system, thereby further reducing the delay of the multicast request processing and improving the multicast processing efficiency.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. It is considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

Rights request

A multicast service processing method, comprising:

Generating multicast program data according to the program ranking parameter;

Transmitting the multicast program: data to the terminal device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

After receiving the multicast program request message from the terminal device, the access device performs authentication on the terminal device, and if the authentication is successful, performing the query on the multicast program request message to obtain a program. The step of grading parameters.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the multicast program grading parameters comprise: a multicast group IP address and a multicast program grading priority.

The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of transmitting the multicast program data to the terminal device comprises:

Transmitting the multicast program data according to a preset control policy, where the control policy includes: a priority downlink with a lower priority of the multicast program; and/or a priority lower priority with a higher priority of the multicast program; and/or When the multicast program grading priority is higher than the set threshold, the maximum number of simultaneous online programs of the terminal device; and/or the multicast program grading priority is lower than the set threshold, and the maximum number of simultaneous online programs of the terminal device.

An access device, comprising: an IGMP packet processing unit, and a router joining and leaving a message unit, wherein the method further includes:

a multicast program management unit, configured to set a management multicast program hierarchical format and a hierarchical priority, and after the IGMP packet processing unit receives the multicast program request message of the terminal device, according to the hierarchical form and the hierarchical priority The level generates multicast program data, and 4 exaggerates the multicast program data to be transmitted to the router to join the leaving message unit.

The access device according to claim 5, wherein the access device further comprises: a terminal device identification/authentication, and a channel state management unit, configured to perform legality check on the terminal device, and according to the terminal The hierarchical priority of the multicast program on demand of the device determines that the router joins the leave message The text unit controls the multicast program data forwarding.

The access device according to claim 5, wherein the access device further includes: an authentication unit, configured to receive, according to the multicast program request message received by the IGMP packet processing unit, The terminal device performs authentication.

The access device according to claim 5, wherein the access device further includes: a channel state management unit, configured to determine the router according to a hierarchical priority of a multicast program that is requested by the terminal device Join the leave message unit to control the multicast program data forwarding.

A multicast service processing method, comprising: obtaining multicast program rating statistics information;

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of obtaining multicast program rating statistics information comprises:

The access device acquires user multicast behavior information;

Obtaining multicast program rating statistics information according to the user multicast behavior information.

The method according to claim 10, wherein the access device obtains user multicast behavior information according to the received multicast program request message of the terminal device.

The method according to claim 9, wherein the step of differentiating the program according to the program priority comprises:

The bandwidth is reserved for the program, and/or the program is statically forwarded to the access device, and/or the program quality is guaranteed in accordance with the 802.1p information, and/or the multicast resources are reserved for the program, and/or the IGMP protocol is preferentially transmitted when concurrent.

The method according to claim 9, wherein the determining the priority of the multicast program according to the rating statistics information comprises:

The statistical information is subjected to a high-order curve fitting method, or a weighted arithmetic average or a minimum square root processing to determine a program priority.

The method according to claim 9, wherein the method further comprises: periodically refreshing or real-time refreshing the multicast program priority configuration in the access device.

15. An access device, comprising:

The router joins the leaving message unit, and is configured to send the multicast program to the terminal device. The method further includes:

a rating unit for obtaining statistics on multicast program ratings;

The multicast program processing unit is configured to perform differentiating processing on the multicast program requested by the terminal device according to the priority of the multicast program, and transmit the processed multicast program to the router to join the leaving message unit.

The access device according to claim 15, wherein the access device further includes: a multicast behavior information obtaining unit, configured to obtain user multicast behavior information according to the multicast program request message; .

The audience rating unit obtains multicast program rating statistics based on the user multicast behavior information.

The access device according to claim 15, wherein the multicast program processing unit comprises:

a reserved bandwidth subunit, configured to reserve bandwidth for the multicast program; and/or

a static forwarding subunit, configured to statically forward the multicast program to the access device; and/or a quality assurance subunit, configured to ensure the program quality according to the 802.1p information; and

/ or

a reserved multicast resource subunit, configured to reserve a multicast resource for the multicast program; and/or a concurrent processing subunit, configured to have multiple concurrent processing processes when the multicast program is cached in a queue In the case of the multicast program, the multicast program is preferentially inserted into the header of the cache queue.

A multicast service processing system, comprising: an access device and a policy server, the access device comprising: a multicast behavior information obtaining unit, a sending unit, and a multicast program processing unit; The method includes: a rating unit, a multicast program priority determining unit, and a configuration unit; the multicast behavior information obtaining unit, configured to receive, according to the group of the terminal device received by the access device The broadcast program request message obtains user multicast behavior information;

The system of claim 18, wherein the policy server further comprises: a timer, configured to periodically notify the configuration unit to deliver multicast program priority configuration information to the access device.

20. A method for processing a multicast service, comprising:

After receiving the multicast channel join message, determining whether to allow the current service port to join the multicast channel to which the application is added;

If allowed, forward the multicast channel to which the application is added;

The method according to claim 20, wherein the step of stopping forwarding a multicast channel that the application leaves is:

Stop forwarding the multicast channel that the response time will leave the oldest application.

The method according to claim 20, wherein the method further comprises: a group that has not received the response before the specific group query response time expires after receiving the multicast channel leaving message The broadcast channel is set to be about to leave;

When receiving the multicast channel leaving message, the multicast channel that has not received the response before the specific group query response time expires after querying whether there is a request to leave is: the channel currently being forwarded. The middle query asks if there is a multicast channel in the upcoming state.

The method of claim 20, wherein the step of determining whether to allow the current service port to join the multicast channel to which the application joins includes:

Determining whether the multicast channel added by the application is the multicast channel currently being forwarded, and if so, allowing the joining of the group channel to which the application is added;

If not, it is determined whether the current service port is allowed to join the new multicast channel, and if so, the joining of the group channel to which the application is added is allowed, otherwise, the joining of the group channel to which the application is added is not allowed.

The method of claim 23, wherein the step of determining whether to allow the current service port to join the new multicast channel comprises:

Determining whether the number of multicast channels currently being forwarded by the service port is smaller than the number of multicast channels that the service port can access, and if yes, allowing a new multicast channel to join, otherwise, not allowing a new group The addition of the broadcast channel.

An access device, comprising a channel leaving processing unit and a channel joining processing unit, wherein the channel leaving processing unit is configured to: after receiving the multicast channel leaving message, the access device receives the receiving device The service port of the multicast channel sends the multicast channel specific group query message of the application to leave, and after the specific group query response time expires, the forwarding of the reserved multicast channel is stopped, and the channel is added. The processing unit includes: a multicast forwarding unit, a first control unit, and a second control unit, where

The access device according to claim 25, wherein the second control unit stops forwarding a multicast channel leaving the application request to stop multicasting the multicast channel whose response time is the oldest.

27. The access device of claim 25, wherein

The channel leaving processing unit further includes: a state setting unit, configured to set a multicast channel that has not received the response before the specific group query response time expires after the application leaves, to be in an upcoming state; the second control The unit queries whether there is a multicast channel that has not received a response before the specific group query response time expires after the application leaves: query whether there is a multicast channel in the upcoming state.

The access device according to claim 26, wherein the first control unit comprises:

The first determining unit is configured to determine whether the multicast channel to be joined is the multicast channel currently being forwarded, and if yes, allow the joining of the group channel to which the application is added, otherwise, notify the second determining The unit makes a judgment;

The second determining unit is configured to determine whether to allow the current service port to join the new multicast channel, and if yes, allow the joining of the group channel to which the application is added, otherwise, the group channel to which the application is added is not allowed. Join.

A multicast service processing method, comprising:

The access device acquires a common multicast channel of the user;

Generating a multicast group of the common multicast channel of the user in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board of the access device,

The method according to claim 29, wherein the common multicast channel of the user is a common multicast channel of the user in the access device, and the step of obtaining the common multicast channel of the user by using the statistics includes:

Obtaining, according to the user multicast behavior in each interface board of the access device, the on-demand frequency of the channel in each interface board or the weight of the frequency, and the time distribution of the frequency or the weight of the frequency The weight of the weight of the frequency is specifically selected according to the bandwidth of the channel;

Selecting, according to the statistical value, the weight of the frequency or the frequency is high, or selecting a channel with a wide time distribution of the frequency or the weight of the frequency as a common multicast of the user in the access device. Channel.

The method according to claim 30, further comprising: after acquiring a common multicast channel of the user in the access device, further comprising:

Obtaining an on-demand channel of the common multicast channel of the user or a weight of the channel, or an interface board having a wide time distribution of the weight of the on-demand channel or the channel, as a common multicast channel of the user Common interface board;

Adding the common interface board to the multicast group of the common multicast channel of the user in the multicast forwarding table of the main control board;

The main control board copies the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user to the common interface board according to the multicast group.

The method according to claim 29, wherein the common multicast channel of the user is a common multicast channel of the user in the access network, and the step of obtaining the common multicast channel of the user by the statistics includes:

Acquiring the on-demand frequency of the channel in each interface board or the weight of the frequency, and the frequency or the frequency according to the user multicast behavior in each interface board of each access device in the access network a time distribution of the weights, wherein the weights of the weights of the frequencies are specifically selected according to the bandwidth of the channel;

Selecting, according to the statistical value, the frequency or the frequency of the frequency is high, or a channel having a wide time distribution is used as a common multicast channel of the user in the access network, and acquiring the connection according to the statistical result. The frequency of the common multicast channel of the user in the network or the weight of the frequency is high, or the access device with a wide time distribution is selected as the common access device of the common multicast channel of the user.

The method according to claim 32, wherein the method further comprises: establishing, in an IP metropolitan area network, the common multicast channel corresponding to the commonly used access device in the access network List

The IP metropolitan area network side pushes the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user in the access network to the access device in the list according to the list of the commonly used access devices.

The method according to any one of claims 29 to 33, wherein the method further comprises:

The interface board receives a user join request;

Determining, according to the multicast group information recorded by the interface board, whether the multicast stream requested by the user is in the Interface board

If not, requesting the multicast stream from the main control board;

If yes, the interface board pushes the multicast stream to the user according to the joining request.

35. A multicast service processing system, where the system includes an IP metropolitan area network and an access network, where the access network includes an access device, and the access device includes a main control board and at least one interface board, and each interface The main control board is connected to the main control board, the main control board storage unit for storing the multicast forwarding table of the main control board, and the multicast replication unit of the main control board. The interface board includes an interface board storage unit for storing an interface board multicast forwarding table, and an interface board multicast replication unit for replicating the multicast stream to the user port, where the multicast processing system further includes:

The intelligent decision device is connected to the multicast processing unit of the main control board of the access device, and is configured to acquire a common multicast channel of the user.

The system according to claim 35, wherein the smart decision device is provided in the access device, and is configured to obtain the information according to the multicast group information recorded by the main control board multicast processing unit. A common multicast channel is used by the user in the access device, and the multicast processing unit of the main control board is instructed to obtain the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user.

The system of claim 35, wherein the interface board further comprises: an interface board processing unit, respectively connected to the main control board multicast processing unit and the interface board storage unit, Processing the IGMP message of the user, and maintaining the multicast forwarding table of the interface board according to the IGMP message;

The smart decision device is disposed in the access device, and is respectively connected to the interface board multicast processing unit and the main control board multicast processing unit, and is configured to be recorded according to each interface board multicast processing unit. The multicast group information that is broadcasted is used to obtain the common multicast channel of the access device, and the multicast processing unit of the main control board is instructed to send the multicast stream of the common multicast channel to the network.

The system according to claim 35, wherein the intelligent decision device is disposed outside the access device, and is respectively connected to a Wi-Fi device in the access network, and is configured to The multicast group information recorded by the multicast processing unit of the access device acquires a common multicast channel in the access network, and a common access device of the common multicast channel, and indicates the commonly used access The main control board multicast processing unit of the device requests the access network side to deliver the multicast stream of the common multicast channel.

The system according to claim 38, wherein the intelligent decision device is further connected to the IP metropolitan area network, and is configured to instruct the IP metropolitan area network to push the common access device to the A multicast stream that accesses common multicast channels within the network.

The system according to claim 39, wherein the IP metropolitan area network side further comprises: a comparison table for indicating a correspondence between the common multicast channel of the access network and the common access device .

An access device, comprising: a main control board and at least one interface board, wherein each interface board is connected to the main control board, where the main control board includes a main control board multicast processing unit, and is used for storing a main control board. The main control board storage unit of the multicast forwarding table and the multicast replication unit of the main control board, the interface board includes an interface board storage unit for storing the multicast forwarding table of the interface board, and is configured to copy the multicast stream to the user port. The interface board multicast replication unit is characterized in that: the access device further includes:

An intelligent decision device is connected to the main control board multicast processing unit, configured to acquire a common multicast channel of the user according to the multicast group information recorded by the multicast processing unit of the main control board, and instruct the main control board The multicast processing unit acquires the multicast stream of the common multicast channel of the user.

The access device according to claim 41, wherein the interface board further comprises:

The interface board processing unit is connected to the main control board multicast processing unit and the interface board storage unit, and is configured to process the IGMP message of the user, and maintain the interface board multicast forwarding according to the IGMP message. Publish

The smart decision device is connected to the interface board multicast processing unit and the main control board multicast processing unit, and is configured to acquire the access device according to the multicast group information recorded by each interface board multicast processing unit. The common multicast channel of the main control board is instructed by the multicast processing unit of the main control board to send a multicast stream of the common multicast channel to the network.