WO2010008266A1

WO2010008266A1 - Industrial information system

Info

Publication number: WO2010008266A1
Application number: PCT/MX2009/000066
Authority: WO
Inventors: Claudia Lorena JUÁREZ HUITRÓN; Carla Alejandra JUÁREZ HUITRÓN; Carlos JUÁREZ CAMACHO
Original assignee: Juarez Huitron Claudia Lorena; Juarez Huitron Carla Alejandra; Juarez Camacho Carlos
Priority date: 2008-07-18
Filing date: 2009-07-14
Publication date: 2010-01-21
Also published as: MX2008009783A

Abstract

The invention relates to an industrial information system. According to the invention, 2D drawings generated in isometric perspective are used to represent 3D objects in any geographical information system (GIS), for use as an object or a field within the categories included in geographical information systems, and which can be used in the industrial, medical, chemical, biological, astronomical and all other scientific sectors and not just those associated with cartography.

Description

INDUSTRIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, information systems give public and private companies a great capacity for communication and analysis to carry out transactions and manage businesses on a global scale.

The information is no longer a set of data stored in companies to become an asset, increasing the value of these, either increasing the return on investments, improving their strategic position or increasing their shares in the stock markets.

Geographic information systems (GIS) are an important part of information management.

A geographic information system is a set of hardware, software and procedures designed to support the capture, administration, manipulation, analysis, modeling and graphing of data or spatially referenced objects, to solve complex planning and administration problems.

This tool helps to analyze the information, through the following process:

> Data collection. > Data evaluation.

> Data analysis, whose purpose is to transform data into intelligence.

> Intelligence storage.

> Dissemination of intelligence.

In general, a Geographic Information System must have the capacity to perform a spatial analysis with stored information, and be able to answer questions such as those presented below: > On condition What is it?

> Location Where is it?

> Trend What changed?

> How to go Where to go? > Of patterns What is the pattern?

> Of models What happens if?

A geographic information system is a relational and object-oriented database management system that functions as a geographic database capable of:

> Support a large volume of data, regardless of the spindle, projection and scale.

> Manage data in both raster and vector formats, as well as those obtained by remote sensors (aerial photography, satellite and radar images).

The raster or matrix format is defined as a set of cells also called "pixel" (picture element) located in adjacent coordinates implemented as a two-dimensional (2D) matrix, and the representation elements are:

> A pixel = a point.

> Lined pixels = one line.

> Grouped pixels = a polygon.

> Actual values associated with each point of the matrix. > Pixels with gray levels.

> Pixels associated with a color chart. .

The vector format is the intention to represent an object as accurately as possible with respect to its dimensional and positional characteristics, through:

> Point.

> Bounded point. > Line.

> Isoline.

> Triangular reticle *.

> Polygon.

* In a GIS this grid is the tool that allows to generate a representation in three dimensions (3D), which is nothing other than assigning each point values in its 3 coordinates namely X, Y and Z, and this to generate a numerical terrain model.

Consequently, geographic information systems are databases capable of handling graphical and alphanumeric information, but since they are not a drawing program, part of the graphic information will be generated in a computer-assisted drawing program (CAD). English) in DXF format.

Consequently, due to their own characteristics, GIS are a very powerful tool in the decision-making process, and it is for this reason that they are used in the following applications:> To the environment. o Land use.

"Residential and its derivatives." Business, commercial and derivatives. B Industrial and derivatives. "Road.

"Public and derivatives.

• Semipublics and derivatives. "Agricultural and derivatives.

• Reserve areas. "Recreational areas. O Natural resources management.

"Minerals. • Aquifers.

»Oil.

• Fishing.

• Vegetables. " Animals.

> Administration and management. o Cadastral application. o Planning and management of public services. o Urban planning. o Cartographic application. o Application for security and defense.

> Socioeconomic. o Demographic application. o Analysis and market research. > Global in nature. o Environmental studies worldwide.

All this information to reach the level of intelligence, its storage and dissemination requires the following stages:> Data entry once converted from analog to digital format.

> Spatial information management, with which the parties that interest in each query are extracted from the database according to the existing scenario, being able to reorganize all the elements in different ways.

> Analysis, the main characteristic of a GIS, facilitates the processing of the data so that it is possible to obtain more information and knowledge than initially had.

> Information output, the GIS allows to obtain resulting information in the form of maps (two-dimensional graphic information, which presents the necessary elements for the required analysis, in the form of objects linked to its alphanumeric information, as well as thematic areas), numerical tables and graphics. However, the use of this tool has been limited because its application focuses more on public companies because of its perfect adaptation to the management and visualization of information, although also limited by the economic factor, the private company mainly applies them to market research and service and communication networks.

One of the factors that has slowed the adoption and use of GIS in the industry and therefore its implementation and dissemination on a larger scale, is its inability to generate views in three dimensions beyond the modeling of a 3D terrain from the model numerical terrain, because all the information displayed is presented in a cartographic way.

Given this circumstance and with the desire to fully introduce the use of GIS in the industry, the idea of incorporating 3D drawings was conceived, instead of 2D mapping as normally handled by a GIS, its own valuable features

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Every Geographic Information System (GIS) requires the support of a CAD (Computer Aided Drawing) to generate graphical information that the GIS will use in its database.

Currently, GIS's only represent their information in two dimensions, except for the numerical terrain model generated by a triangular grid in which each node has three values in its X, Y and Z coordinates.

All GIS have the ability to import data generated in the following formats:

> ASCII

> ARCINFO-UNG> SHAPEFILE

> JPEG

> RAW

> SITE

> DXF> Among others.

Thus, the points, bounded points, lines, isolines and polygons that are the basic elements that the GIS recognizes, are generated in a DXF format CAD.

A CAD can generate figures in third dimension (3D), using flat entities applying the Bézier curve, rectangular 3D matrices and polar 3D matrices, elements that a GIS does not recognize, making it impossible to represent an entity generated in 3D format by a CAD in a GIS.

Given this, the use of GIS has limitations regarding the representation of 3D objects. The solution to this limiting part of the definition of IDEA as "the simple mental representation of an object", therefore the GIS will continue to recognize the basic graphic elements for which it is programmed without objecting to the dimension, position, neighborhood, projection, spindle and scale, thus, with these elements arranged in the appropriate position and order, figures representing 3D objects can be achieved, forming closed polygons, to prevent the GIS from recognizing the drawing as a basic geometric element instead of recognizing it as a polygon, by moment to analyze the topological characteristics of the drawing, unless a basic line is taken to represent an electrical or communications line in a network, corresponding to the observer's brain to generate the representation of the three-dimensional image, relating the polygon to a 3D image.

To exemplify this process:

Figure 1 in this figure we can see nine straight lines and 8 randomly arranged points.

Figure 2 presents the same number of geometric elements positioned in such a way that suddenly, the observer's brain identifies or relates to an object already known (in this example the idea of a dice).

Procedure so that through 3D drawings generated in an isometric perspective 3D objects are represented in any GIS (Geographic Information Systems), and used as an object or as a field within the categories that integrate said GIS and for our example in The SPRING (Georeferenced Information Processing System, of the National Institute of Space Research, of Brazil) are:

> Image

> Thematic

> MNT > Cadastral

> Network

Once defined and activated:

> The database, the Management System.

> The project, its cartographic projection (in this GIS 60 models), hemisphere, origin (latitude, longitude, zone), defined the area and type of coordinates (geographical or flat). > The data model, with its categories and classes where appropriate and defined attributes.

> The information plans in their respective model and area of interest.

Steps:

1. Draw the object in geometric reference isometric perspective (an element or an industrial plant including all its facilities) with points, lines and polylines, (for a better adjustment of nodes and polygonalization the use of closed polylines is recommended). 2. Save the drawing to the DXF R-12 format, or change to this format in case it is available in any other.

3. Import the layers corresponding to the information planes whose model handles objects.

With this process, the use of GIS is unlimitedly extended to all scientific areas, because with it, we can represent in a single database each and every one of the elements and systems that integrate:

> Means of transport: o Cars or Airplanes or Ships o Railways or Etc.

> Buildings: o Educational or Commercial or Hospitals or Industrial or Public or Etc.

> Living beings: o Human or Animal or Vegetable

> Astronomy: o Satellites or Planetariums or Galaxies or Constellations or Etc.

> Manufactured products: o Motors or Reactors or Computers or Appliances or Valves or Etc.

> In short, everything that can be represented through drawing. Three cases as an example:

FIRST: Be able to see in 3D and consult all the fuselage of an airplane and each of the elements that compose it, all its alphanumeric information, technical drawings, assembly videos, manuals, normal operating audio, images, etc. Likewise, the structural system of the aircraft with each and every one of its elements, in a particular way or in conjunction with all other systems that make up the aircraft (the electrical system, the hydraulic system, the pneumatic system, its entire control system and operation, its driving system, fuel injection system, air conditioning system, pressure systems, landing system, navigation systems, etc.) and with a simple click, indicate any object that is part of one of these systems, and immediately obtain all the existing information about this object regardless of its size, in all the aforementioned formats.

SECOND: The same can be applied to an industrial plant, with all its systems:

> Structural: o Foundation (reinforcement steel, brand, diameters, assembly, quantities and volume of concrete). o Superstructure. or walls. o Floors. o Cover.

> Networks: o Of fluids:

• Electric in high, medium and low voltage.

• Gas. " Oxygen.

" Steam.

• Fuel. "Air.

• Water.

• Residual water. - Etc. or Communication.

> Production: o Facilities. o Equipment o Machines o Instruments. o Tools. o Number of workers. o Type of materials used in the process. o Warehouse of raw material. o Product warehouse in process. o Warehouse of finished product. o Production capacity. o Quality control.

> Security: o Work environment:

• Illumination.

• Noise

• Temperature

• Ventilation. • Vibration.

• Radiation.

" Work shifts.

" Working hours.

"Personal protective equipment. • Development of risk plans.

> Etc. Being able to concentrate all this information in a database, as in the previous example, and be able to quickly consult it graphically and alphanumerically, to obtain information that could not be obtained so easily separately.

THIRD: In the medical - biological area, in the lines of research, application and teaching it can be used as follows:

Draw all the systems that make up the human body, the organs that in turn conform to the systems and each and every one of the parts of each organ, each system can be analyzed separately or together, and in the specific case of a doctor, have in a system of information like this, the complete file of their patients, and consult pointing on the screen the desired organ and obtain all the necessary information such as symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment, in case the treatment is surgical to be able to see the video of it as well as videos, evolution and results of similar cases.

The same can be applied for teaching by being able to consult the student all the necessary updated information on the anatomy of the individual under study, such as manuals, books, research results, comparative videos between healthy organs and degenerated organs, causes, diagnoses, treatments and detect patterns.

Claims

1. An industrial information system, characterized in that it comprises: a) a database, b) a cartographic projection system defined by area and type of geographic or flat coordinates, c) a data model, with its categories and classes in where appropriate, and defined attributes, and d) information plans of the respectful model and area of interest.

2. An industrial information management process, characterized in that it comprises the following stages: a) draw the object in geometric reference isometric perspective with points, lines and polylines, b) save the drawing to the DXF R-12 format, and c) import the layers corresponding to the information planes whose model handles objects.