WO2010046589A1 - Photovoltaic assembly for optimising the charging time of a photovoltaic battery - Google Patents

Photovoltaic assembly for optimising the charging time of a photovoltaic battery Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010046589A1
WO2010046589A1 PCT/FR2009/051996 FR2009051996W WO2010046589A1 WO 2010046589 A1 WO2010046589 A1 WO 2010046589A1 FR 2009051996 W FR2009051996 W FR 2009051996W WO 2010046589 A1 WO2010046589 A1 WO 2010046589A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
photovoltaic panel
electromagnetic radiation
assembly
concentration device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2009/051996
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Charlier
Original Assignee
Jean-Philippe Charlier
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jean-Philippe Charlier filed Critical Jean-Philippe Charlier
Publication of WO2010046589A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010046589A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H01M10/465—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus with solar battery as charging system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/38—Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/42—Cooling means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
    • Y02A40/963—Off-grid food refrigeration
    • Y02A40/966—Powered by renewable energy sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • PHOTOVOLTAIC ASSEMBLY FOR OPTIMIZING THE CHARGING TIME OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC BATTERY.
  • the present invention relates to a photovoltaic assembly for optimizing the charging time of a photovoltaic battery.
  • the invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic energy and more specifically that of photovoltaic batteries.
  • Photovoltaic batteries comprising: a photovoltaic panel composed of photovoltaic cells and configured to deliver an electric current when subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation,
  • an energy accumulator connected to the photovoltaic panel and configured to store the electrical energy delivered by said photovoltaic panel.
  • This type of photovoltaic battery is used in particular with mobile terminals in order to increase their autonomy, for example with mobile phones as described in document FR2878682 (CHARLIER JP), or with laptops as described in document FR2880437 (CHARLIER JP).
  • the mobile terminals of the telephone or computer type are increasingly sophisticated and need a supply of electrical energy increasingly important, while decreasing their autonomy.
  • batteries are now able to store more and more electrical energy, their technology is not evolving fast enough to counterbalance this need for energy.
  • These mobile terminals therefore need to be recharged on the power grid more and more often.
  • photovoltaic batteries In order to increase the duration of use between two recharges, photovoltaic batteries have been placed on the mobile terminals so that their batteries are recharged under the effect of electromagnetic radiation such as sunlight, artificial light or other.
  • the current photovoltaic cells still have a relatively low efficiency which implies a sufficiently long electromagnetic radiation exposure time before the battery is fully recharged.
  • the charging time which is generally several hours, varies according to the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation; for example, the more the location of the mobile device to be recharged is sunny, the faster the battery will recharge.
  • the present invention has the main objective of providing an optical system for optimizing the charging time of a photovoltaic battery.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an optical system for optimizing the capture of electromagnetic radiation regardless of the orientation of the photovoltaic cells relative to the incident electromagnetic radiation.
  • the invention also aims to provide an inexpensive system, reduced size and simple design.
  • the solution proposed by the invention is a photovoltaic assembly integrating a photovoltaic battery comprising: a photovoltaic panel composed of photovoltaic cells and configured to deliver an electric current when it is subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation,
  • the photovoltaic unit is remarkable in that it incorporates: - AT -
  • a concentration device configured to focus the incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic panel
  • a wave filtering device configured to pass one or more determined bands of wavelengths of the incident electromagnetic radiation.
  • the concentration device makes it possible on the one hand to concentrate the incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic cell and thus to increase the efficiency thereof and on the other hand to protect the photovoltaic panel from external aggressions.
  • the wave filtering device makes it possible to filter the wavelength bands of the electromagnetic radiation for which the yield of the photovoltaic panel is the best.
  • the concentration device comprises one or more convergent lenses arranged vis-à-vis the photovoltaic cells.
  • Such a device has the advantage of being easy to produce and therefore inexpensive.
  • the concentration device comprises an individual convergent lens arranged opposite each photovoltaic cell.
  • one or more convergent lenses are convex.
  • one or more convergent lenses are concave.
  • the lenses are either convex or concave, the adjacent lenses of a convex lens being concave and the adjacent lenses of a concave lens being convex.
  • the concentration device comprises, vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell, a mirror configured to reflect the incident radiation on a dome, the latter converging said electromagnetic radiation. reflected on said photovoltaic cell.
  • the concentration device (3) comprises, vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell, a prism of pyramidal shape made of diamond or crystal.
  • a protective magnifying glass is placed on the concentration device.
  • the wave filtering device is configured to let wavelength waves between 565 nm and 590 nm pass.
  • the wave filtering device is configured to let wavelength waves between 745 nm and 100 ⁇ m pass.
  • the A wave filter device is configured to pass wavelength waves between 10 nm and 400 nm.
  • the latter is in the form of a colored film.
  • the wave filtering device is arranged between the concentration device and the photovoltaic panel, or on the concentration device, or on the protective magnifying glass.
  • the assembly comprises a cooling device comprising an air circuit arranged between the concentration device and the photovoltaic panel communicating with the solar panel. outside by means of vents.
  • the assembly comprises a cooling device comprising a finned radiator located on the rear face of the photovoltaic panel.
  • the photovoltaic panel and the accumulator are arranged inside said mobile terminal.
  • the photovoltaic panel is composed of photovoltaic cells and is configured to deliver an electric current when subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation.
  • the accumulator is connected to the photovoltaic panel and is configured to store the electrical energy delivered by said photovoltaic panel.
  • This mobile terminal is also remarkable in that a cache, configured to protect said photovoltaic panel, is fixed permanently or removably on the mobile terminal, said cache supporting: the concentration device configured to concentrate the incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic panel,
  • the wave filtering device configured to pass one or more determined bands of wavelengths of the incident electromagnetic radiation.
  • FIG. 1a schematically shows a front view of a first example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device
  • Figure 1.b schematically shows a left view of the assembly.
  • FIG. 1a schematically represents a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in FIG. 1a
  • FIG. 2 a) schematically represents a front view of a second example of FIG. photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device
  • - Figure 2.b) schematically shows a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 2.c) schematically shows a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 2.
  • a) - figure 3a) shows schematically, in front view, a third example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device,
  • FIG. 3.b schematically represents a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in FIG. 3.a);
  • FIG. 3.c schematically represents a view from above of the photovoltaic assembly represented in FIG. 3; a), schematically shows a sectional view along the plane AA shown in FIG. 4.c), of a fourth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device,
  • FIG. 4b schematically represents a sectional view along the plane BB shown in FIG. 4a), of the photovoltaic assembly represented in FIG. 4a),
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically, in front view, a fifth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, Figure 5.b) schematically shows a left view of the assembly. 5.a), Figure 5.c) schematically represents a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 5.a), Figure 6. a) schematically shows a front view of a sixth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device and a protective magnifier, - Figure 6.b) schematically shows a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 6.a), Figure 6.c) schematically shows a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 6. a) - Figure 7. a) schematically shows a front view of a seventh example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, a protective magnifying glass, and a filter of waves,
  • FIG. 8. a) schematically represents a front view of an eighth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, a protective magnifier, and a wave filter,
  • FIG. 8.b schematically represents a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in FIG. 8. a)
  • FIG. 9. a) schematically represents a front view of a ninth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, a protective magnifying glass, and a wave filter;
  • Figure 9.b) shows schematically a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 9. a),
  • FIG. 10 a) schematically represents a front view of a tenth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a battery a photovoltaic system equipped with a concentration device, a protective magnifier, a wave filter and a cooling device, FIG. 10 b) schematically represents a left-hand view of the photovoltaic assembly represented on FIG. FIG. 10 a), FIG. 10.c) schematically represents a view from above of the photovoltaic assembly represented in FIG. 10. a),
  • FIG. 11 a schematically represents a front view of a mobile phone equipped with a photovoltaic assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 11 b schematically represents a side view of the mobile phone represented in FIG. 1a
  • Figure 11.c schematically shows a rear view of the mobile phone shown in Figure 1 la).
  • the solution proposed by the invention is a photovoltaic assembly integrating a photovoltaic battery and intended to feed sequentially or continuously electrical devices, mobile terminals or directly electrical networks.
  • the photovoltaic battery comprises a photovoltaic panel (1) composed of photovoltaic cells and configured to deliver an electric current when subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation.
  • Photovoltaic cells generally consist of semiconductors based on silicon (Si) of cadmium sulphide (CdS), cadmium telluride (CdTe), etc. They are generally in the form of thin plates, round or square, whose dimensions (side, diameter) vary from millimeters to several centimeters. These plates are sandwiched between two contacts metal, for a thickness varying from several microns to a few millimeters.
  • Photovoltaic cells can also be multi-junction, that is to say be composed of different layers that can convert different parts of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation and thus to obtain better yields. Photovoltaic cells can also combine semiconductor polymer layers with silicon nanowires in the form of a 3mm thick mat improving the absorption of incident electromagnetic radiation.
  • the photovoltaic cells are connected in series or in parallel, and arranged next to each other on a panel so as to form the photovoltaic panel (1).
  • the panel is usually square, rectangular, etc. Its surface can vary from cm 2 to several m 2 .
  • An antireflection layer may be applied to the photovoltaic panel (1) thus formed to ensure good absorption of the electromagnetic radiation.
  • the photovoltaic panels (1) of large dimensions can be installed on supports fixed on the ground, on roofs, on walls, etc.
  • the photovoltaic panels (1) of small size are intended to be integrated with mobile devices such as laptop, mobile phone, calculator, etc.
  • the photovoltaic battery also comprises an accumulator (2) connected to the photovoltaic panel (1).
  • the accumulator (2) is configured to store the electrical energy delivered by the photovoltaic panel (1).
  • the accumulator (2) is of the Lead, Ni-Cd (nickel-cadmium), Ni-MH (nickel-metal hydride), Ni-Zn (nickel-zinc), lithium, etc. type.
  • the accumulator (2) is connected to the photovoltaic panel (1) via connectors, electrical wires or the like.
  • the accumulator (2) can be in the form of a box of parallelepipedal, cylindrical, or other shape.
  • the housing can be removed or directly attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel (1).
  • the photovoltaic assembly also incorporates a device (3) for concentrating the electromagnetic radiation configured to focus said incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic panel (1).
  • the concentration device (3) is generally in the form of a transparent optical device made of glass or plastic of the convergent lens, Fresnel lens, meniscus, prism or other type.
  • the concentration device (3) may comprise one or more convergent lenses arranged opposite the photovoltaic cells.
  • the convergent lens or lenses generally cover the entire surface of the solar panel (1), but may also cover a more or less large area.
  • the focal point of the convergent lens or lenses coincides with the surface of the photovoltaic panel.
  • the concentration device (3) comprises an individual convergent lens (31, 32) arranged opposite each photovoltaic cell.
  • the convergent lenses (31, 32) are made of glass, plastic, etc.
  • the convergent lenses (31, 32) preferably have dimensions equivalent to the dimensions of the photovoltaic cells, but may also have smaller or larger dimensions.
  • the convergent lenses (31, 32) may be in the form of individual lenses attached to a structure (metal, plastic or otherwise) disposed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (1) or independently attached to the surface of said solar panel.
  • the convergent lenses (31, 32) can also be machined or molded in a glass or plastic plate, said plate being fixed to the surface of the photovoltaic panel (1).
  • the elements constituting the concentration device can be fixed on the photovoltaic panel by screwing, gluing welding, clipping, or any other means of attachment suitable for the skilled person.
  • one or more convergent lenses (32) may be convex, i.e. the surface on which the electromagnetic radiation is incident is a curved surface. In the case where they are not convex and as represented in FIGS.
  • one or more convergent lenses (31) may be concave, that is to say that the surface on which the Electromagnetic radiation is incident is a curved surface.
  • the convergent lenses (31, 32) directly making it possible to converge the photovoltaic cells electromagnetic radiation in a multitude of incidences.
  • the convergent lenses (31, 32) are either convex or concave, the adjacent convergent lenses of a converging convex lens (32) being concave and the lenses converging adjacent ones of a concave convergent lens (31) being convex.
  • the concentration device (3) comprises, vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell, a mirror (34) configured to reflect the incident electromagnetic radiation. on a dome (33). The latter then converges the electromagnetic radiation reflected on the photovoltaic cell arranged vis-à-vis.
  • Each mirror (34) is associated with a dome (33).
  • the mirrors (34) are in the form of a plane inclined to the normal solar panel.
  • the cupolas (33) are generally in the form of a half-sphere of axis normal to the solar panel and truncated by the plane of the mirror (34) associated therewith.
  • the mirrors (34) and the domes (33) can be individually manufactured and then assembled, or directly obtained by machining a glass plate or the like in a manner similar to that previously described for convergent lenses (31, 32). Mirrors and domes may also be attached to the photovoltaic panel in a manner similar to that previously described for convergent lenses (31, 32).
  • the concentration device (3) comprises vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell a pyramidal-shaped prism whose sides are oriented towards the electromagnetic radiation.
  • the prism advantageously has a hexagonal base, but, the base may also have a triangular shape, square, or any other polygon suitable for the skilled person.
  • the prism is preferably made of diamond or crystal, but can also be made of glass, plastic, etc.
  • the prism-based focusing device can be realized and then fixed on the photovoltaic panel in a manner similar to that previously described for convergent lenses (31, 32).
  • a protective magnifying glass (5) is disposed on said concentration device.
  • this protective magnifying glass (5) can be made of glass, plastic or other; it can be made of tempered glass, laminated or any other means to improve its mechanical characteristics.
  • the protective magnifier (5) may have a convex or concave shape or any other form suitable to those skilled in the art.
  • the photovoltaic assembly can furthermore integrating a wave filtering device (4) configured to pass one or more determined bands of wavelengths of the incident electromagnetic radiation.
  • the wave filtering device (4) may be in the form of an absorption filter made from glasses or plastics to which organic or inorganic compounds have been added.
  • the wave filtering device (4) may also be in the form of a reflection filter consisting of two partially reflecting plates.
  • the wave filtering device (4) may also be in the form of one or more colored films.
  • the wave filtering device (4) can be arranged between the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1) as shown in FIGS.
  • the wave filtering device (4) may also be in the form of a colored organic compound incorporated from manufacture into glass or plastic allowing the production of the concentration device or the protective magnifying glass.
  • the wave filtering device (4) thus makes it possible to filter independently or in combination different spectra of the electromagnetic radiation, in particular and by way of nonlimiting examples: the yellow spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation by integrating into the photovoltaic assembly a device wave filter (4) configured to pass waves of wavelength between 565 nm and 590 nm - the infrared spectrum of electromagnetic radiation by integrating a wave filtering device (4) into the photovoltaic unit (4) configured to pass wave lengths between 745 nm and 100 ⁇ m.
  • the assembly may comprise a device for cooling.
  • the cooling device may be in the form of heat-resistant filters used to reduce the heat transfer of light sources to fragile optical instruments that must not over-heat.
  • the cooling device may also comprise an air circuit (6) arranged between the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (2). ) communicating with the outside by means of vents (7).
  • the air circuit (6) is generally in the form of an area blade disposed between the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1), that is to say that the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1) are separated by a blade-shaped air volume.
  • One or more elevation buffers (8) may be disposed between the concentrator (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1) to create the air gap.
  • the vents (7) may for example be in the form of holes disposed around the periphery of the photovoltaic assembly and configured to communicate the air gap with the outside air so as to create a flow of air.
  • the vents (7) can be made by drilling the concentrating device (3) or raising buffers (8) as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c), or resulting from spaces separating said elevation buffers. or any other means suitable for those skilled in the art.
  • an air circuit can also be arranged on the rear face of the photovoltaic panel communicating with the outside by means of vents.
  • the cooling device may also comprise a finned radiator (9) disposed on the rear face of the photovoltaic panel.
  • This finned radiator (9) may be made of composite material steel or any other material that promotes heat exchange and is suitable for those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 11 Another aspect of the invention shown in Figures 11. a) to 11.c), relates to a mobile terminal (100) powered by a photovoltaic assembly according to the invention.
  • Mobile terminals (100) are understood to mean mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, etc.
  • the photovoltaic panel (1) and the accumulator (2), of the type previously described, are arranged inside said mobile terminal.
  • This mobile terminal (100) is remarkable in that a cache (101), configured to protect said photovoltaic panel, is fixed permanently or removably on the mobile terminal.
  • the cover supports the concentration device (3) and the wave filtering device (4) of the type previously described.
  • the cover (101) can be made of plastic, metal or other.
  • the cover (101) can be fixed on the mobile terminal by clipping, screwing, welding, gluing, etc.
  • the cache (101) can also be removable and adaptable to several types of mobile terminals.

Abstract

The main aim of the present invention is to provide an optical system for optimising the charging time of a photovoltaic battery. The solution provided by the invention consists of a photovoltaic assembly including a photovoltaic battery that includes: a photovoltaic panel (1) including photovoltaic cells and adapted for supplying an electric current when subjected to an incident electromagnetic radiation; a battery (2) connected to the photovoltaic panel and adapted for storing the electric energy supplied by said photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic assembly is characterised in that it comprises: a concentration device (3)adapted for concentrating the incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic panel; and a wave filtration device (4) adapted for letting through one or more predetermined wave bands of the incident electromagnetic radiation.

Description

ENSEMBLE PHOTOVOLTAIQUE PERMETTANT D'OPTIMISER LE TEMPS DE CHARGE D'UNE BATTERIE PHOTOVOLTAÏQUE. PHOTOVOLTAIC ASSEMBLY FOR OPTIMIZING THE CHARGING TIME OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC BATTERY.
DescriptionDescription
Domaine technique de l'invention.Technical Field of the Invention
La présente invention concerne un ensemble photovoltaïque permettant d'optimiser le temps de charge d'une batterie photovoltaïque.The present invention relates to a photovoltaic assembly for optimizing the charging time of a photovoltaic battery.
L'invention se rapporte au domaine technique de l'énergie photovoltaïque et plus précisément celui des batteries photovoltaïques.The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic energy and more specifically that of photovoltaic batteries.
État de la technique.State of the art
On connaît les batteries photovoltaïques comprenant : - un panneau photovoltaïque composé de cellules photovoltaïques et configuré pour délivrer un courant électrique lorsqu'il est soumis à un rayonnement électromagnétique incident,Photovoltaic batteries are known comprising: a photovoltaic panel composed of photovoltaic cells and configured to deliver an electric current when subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation,
- et un accumulateur d'énergie relié au panneau photovoltaïque et configuré pour stocker l'énergie électrique délivrée par ledit panneau photovoltaïque.and an energy accumulator connected to the photovoltaic panel and configured to store the electrical energy delivered by said photovoltaic panel.
Ce type de batteries photovoltaïques est notamment utilisé avec des terminaux mobiles afin d'augmenter leur autonomie, par exemple avec des téléphones portables comme décrits dans le document FR2878682 (CHARLIER J. P.), ou encore avec des ordinateurs portables comme décrits dans le document FR2880437 (CHARLIER J. P.).This type of photovoltaic battery is used in particular with mobile terminals in order to increase their autonomy, for example with mobile phones as described in document FR2878682 (CHARLIER JP), or with laptops as described in document FR2880437 (CHARLIER JP).
En effet, les terminaux mobiles du type téléphone ou ordinateur sont de plus en plus sophistiqués et ont besoin d'un apport en énergie électrique de plus en plus important, diminuant alors d'autant leur autonomie. En outre, même si à l'heure actuelle les batteries sont capables de stocker de plus en plus d'énergie électrique, leur technologie n'évolue pas assez vite pour contrebalancer ce besoin en énergie. Ces terminaux mobiles ont donc besoin d'être rechargés sur le réseau électrique de plus en plus souvent.Indeed, the mobile terminals of the telephone or computer type are increasingly sophisticated and need a supply of electrical energy increasingly important, while decreasing their autonomy. In addition, even though batteries are now able to store more and more electrical energy, their technology is not evolving fast enough to counterbalance this need for energy. These mobile terminals therefore need to be recharged on the power grid more and more often.
Afin d'augmenter la durée d'utilisation entre deux recharges, des batteries photovoltaïques ont été placées sur les terminaux mobiles de manière à ce que leurs batteries se rechargent sous l'effet d'un rayonnement électromagnétique du type lumière du soleil, lumière artificielle ou autre.In order to increase the duration of use between two recharges, photovoltaic batteries have been placed on the mobile terminals so that their batteries are recharged under the effect of electromagnetic radiation such as sunlight, artificial light or other.
Cependant, les cellules photovoltaïques actuelles ont encore un rendement relativement faible qui implique un temps d'exposition au rayonnement électromagnétique suffisamment long avant que la batterie soit complètement rechargée. En pratique, le temps de charge, qui est en général de plusieurs heures, varie en fonction de l'intensité du rayonnement électromagnétique ; par exemple, plus le lieu où se trouve le terminal mobile à recharger est ensoleillé, plus vite la batterie se rechargera.However, the current photovoltaic cells still have a relatively low efficiency which implies a sufficiently long electromagnetic radiation exposure time before the battery is fully recharged. In practice, the charging time, which is generally several hours, varies according to the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation; for example, the more the location of the mobile device to be recharged is sunny, the faster the battery will recharge.
En outre, l'utilisation normale de ces terminaux mobiles fait qu'ils sont peu exposés au soleil. Par exemple, dans le cas d'un téléphone portable, ce dernier est couramment transporté dans la poche ou dans le sac de son propriétaire où le rayonnement électromagnétique est faible. De plus, pour que la captation du rayonnement électromagnétique soit maximale, il faut que le panneau photovoltaïque soit orienté perpendiculairement audit rayonnement électromagnétique. En pratique, c'est rarement le cas, puisque par exemple, l'utilisateur se contente souvent de déposer son terminal mobile sur une table, le panneau photovoltaïque tourné vers le ciel et sans chercher à l'orienter de manière précise vers le soleil.In addition, the normal use of these mobile terminals makes them little exposed to the sun. For example, in the case of a mobile phone, the latter is commonly transported in the pocket or in the bag of its owner where the electromagnetic radiation is weak. In addition, for the capture of electromagnetic radiation is maximum, it is necessary that the photovoltaic panel is oriented perpendicular to said electromagnetic radiation. In practice, this is rarely the case, since for example, the user is often content to put his mobile terminal on a table, the photovoltaic panel turned to the sky and without trying to direct it to the sun.
La présente invention a pour principal objectif de fournir un système optique permettant d'optimiser le temps de charge d'une batterie photovoltaïque.The present invention has the main objective of providing an optical system for optimizing the charging time of a photovoltaic battery.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir un système optique permettant d'optimiser la captation du rayonnement électromagnétique quelque soit l'orientation des cellules photovoltaïques par rapport au rayonnement électromagnétique incident.Another object of the invention is to provide an optical system for optimizing the capture of electromagnetic radiation regardless of the orientation of the photovoltaic cells relative to the incident electromagnetic radiation.
L'invention a encore pour objectif de fournir un système peu onéreux, d'encombrement réduit et de conception simple.The invention also aims to provide an inexpensive system, reduced size and simple design.
Divulgation de l'invention.Disclosure of the invention.
La solution proposée par l'invention est un ensemble photovoltaïque intégrant une batterie photovoltaïque comprenant : - un panneau photovoltaïque composé de cellules photovoltaïques et configuré pour délivrer un courant électrique lorsqu'il est soumis à un rayonnement électromagnétique incident,The solution proposed by the invention is a photovoltaic assembly integrating a photovoltaic battery comprising: a photovoltaic panel composed of photovoltaic cells and configured to deliver an electric current when it is subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation,
- un accumulateur relié au panneau photovoltaïque configuré pour stocker l'énergie électrique délivrée par ledit panneau photovoltaïque. L'ensemble photovoltaïque est remarquable en ce qu'il intègre : - A -an accumulator connected to the photovoltaic panel configured to store the electrical energy delivered by said photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic unit is remarkable in that it incorporates: - AT -
- un dispositif de concentration configuré pour concentrer le rayonnement électromagnétique incident sur le panneau photovoltaïque,a concentration device configured to focus the incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic panel,
- un dispositif de filtration d'ondes configuré pour laisser passer une ou plusieurs bandes déterminées de longueurs d'onde du rayonnement électromagnétique incident.a wave filtering device configured to pass one or more determined bands of wavelengths of the incident electromagnetic radiation.
Le dispositif de concentration permet d'une part de concentrer le rayonnement électromagnétique incident sur la cellule photovoltaïque et ainsi augmenter le rendement de celle-ci et d'autre part de protéger le panneau photovoltaïque des agressions extérieures. Le dispositif de filtration d'onde permet de filtrer les bandes de longueurs d'onde du rayonnement électromagnétique pour lesquels le rendement du panneau photovoltaïque est le meilleur.The concentration device makes it possible on the one hand to concentrate the incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic cell and thus to increase the efficiency thereof and on the other hand to protect the photovoltaic panel from external aggressions. The wave filtering device makes it possible to filter the wavelength bands of the electromagnetic radiation for which the yield of the photovoltaic panel is the best.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant simplement la concentration du rayonnement électromagnétique incident, le dispositif de concentration comporte une ou plusieurs lentilles convergentes disposées en vis-à-vis des cellules photovoltaïques. Un tel dispositif a l'avantage d'être facile à réaliser et donc peu onéreux.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention simply allowing the concentration of the incident electromagnetic radiation, the concentration device comprises one or more convergent lenses arranged vis-à-vis the photovoltaic cells. Such a device has the advantage of being easy to produce and therefore inexpensive.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant de répartir de manière homogène la convergence du rayonnement électromagnétique incident sur l'ensemble des cellules photovoltaïques du panneau, le dispositif de concentration comporte une lentille convergente individuelle disposée en vis-à-vis de chaque cellule photovoltaïque.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to homogeneously distribute the convergence of the incident electromagnetic radiation on all the photovoltaic cells of the panel, the concentration device comprises an individual convergent lens arranged opposite each photovoltaic cell.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant de capter le rayonnement électromagnétique suivant une pluralité de directions d'incidence, une ou plusieurs lentilles convergentes sont convexes. Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant d'arriver au même résultat, une ou plusieurs lentilles convergentes sont concaves. Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention optimisant ce résultat, les lentilles sont soit convexes soit concaves, les lentilles adjacentes d'une lentille convexe étant concaves et les lentilles adjacentes d'une lentille concave étant convexes. Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant d'optimiser ce résultat, le dispositif de concentration comporte en vis-à-vis de chaque cellule photovoltaïque un miroir configuré pour réfléchir le rayonnement incident sur une coupole, cette dernière convergeant ledit rayonnement électromagnétique réfléchi sur ladite cellule photovoltaïque.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to capture the electromagnetic radiation in a plurality of incidence directions, one or more convergent lenses are convex. According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to achieve the same result, one or more convergent lenses are concave. According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention optimizing this result, the lenses are either convex or concave, the adjacent lenses of a convex lens being concave and the adjacent lenses of a concave lens being convex. According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to optimize this result, the concentration device comprises, vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell, a mirror configured to reflect the incident radiation on a dome, the latter converging said electromagnetic radiation. reflected on said photovoltaic cell.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant d'optimiser la captation du rayonnement électromagnétique, le dispositif de concentration (3) comporte en vis-à-vis de chaque cellule photovoltaïque un prisme de forme pyramidale réalisé en diamant ou en cristal.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to optimize the capture of the electromagnetic radiation, the concentration device (3) comprises, vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell, a prism of pyramidal shape made of diamond or crystal.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant de protéger le dispositif de concentration, une loupe protectrice est disposée sur le dispositif de concentration.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to protect the concentration device, a protective magnifying glass is placed on the concentration device.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant de filtrer le spectre jaune du rayonnement électromagnétique, le dispositif de filtration d'ondes est configuré pour laisser passer les ondes de longueur d'onde comprises entre 565 nm et 590 nm.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to filter the yellow spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation, the wave filtering device is configured to let wavelength waves between 565 nm and 590 nm pass.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant de filtrer le spectre infrarouge du rayonnement électromagnétique, le dispositif de filtration d'ondes est configuré pour laisser passer les ondes de longueur d'onde comprises entre 745 nm et 100 μm.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to filter the infrared spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation, the wave filtering device is configured to let wavelength waves between 745 nm and 100 μm pass.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant de filtrer le spectre ultraviolet du rayonnement électromagnétique, le dispositif de filtration d'ondes est configuré pour laisser passer les ondes de longueur d'onde comprises entre 10 nm et 400 nm.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to filter the ultraviolet spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation, the A wave filter device is configured to pass wavelength waves between 10 nm and 400 nm.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant de minimiser l'encombrement du dispositif de filtration d'ondes, ce dernier se présente sous la forme d'un film coloré.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to minimize the bulk of the wave filtering device, the latter is in the form of a colored film.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant d'intégrer facilement le dispositif de filtration d'ondes à l'ensemble photovoltaïque, le dispositif de filtration d'ondes est disposé entre le dispositif de concentration et le panneau photovoltaïque, ou sur le dispositif de concentration, ou encore sur la loupe protectrice.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to easily integrate the wave filtering device with the photovoltaic assembly, the wave filtering device is arranged between the concentration device and the photovoltaic panel, or on the concentration device, or on the protective magnifying glass.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant d'éviter une montée en température excessive du panneau photovoltaïque, l'ensemble comporte un dispositif de refroidissement comprenant un circuit d'air disposé entre le dispositif de concentration et le panneau photovoltaïque communiquant avec l'extérieur au moyen d'évents.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to avoid an excessive rise in temperature of the photovoltaic panel, the assembly comprises a cooling device comprising an air circuit arranged between the concentration device and the photovoltaic panel communicating with the solar panel. outside by means of vents.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention permettant le refroidissement du panneau photovoltaïque, l'ensemble comporte un dispositif de refroidissement comprenant un radiateur à ailettes situé sur la face arrière du panneau photovoltaïque.According to yet another advantageous feature of the invention for cooling the photovoltaic panel, the assembly comprises a cooling device comprising a finned radiator located on the rear face of the photovoltaic panel.
Un autre aspect de l'invention concerne un terminal mobile alimenté par une ensemble photovoltaïque conforme à l'invention. Le panneau photovoltaïque et l'accumulateur sont disposés à l'intérieur dudit terminal mobile. Le panneau photovoltaïque est composé de cellules photovoltaïques et est configuré pour délivrer un courant électrique lorsqu'il est soumis à un rayonnement électromagnétique incident. L'accumulateur est relié au panneau photovoltaïque et est configuré pour stocker l'énergie électrique délivrée par ledit panneau photovoltaïque. Ce terminal mobile est également remarquable en ce qu'un cache, configuré pour protéger ledit panneau photovoltaïque, est fixé, de façon définitive ou amovible, sur le terminal mobile, ledit cache supportant : - le dispositif de concentration configuré pour concentrer le rayonnement électromagnétique incident sur le panneau photovoltaïque,Another aspect of the invention relates to a mobile terminal powered by a photovoltaic assembly according to the invention. The photovoltaic panel and the accumulator are arranged inside said mobile terminal. The photovoltaic panel is composed of photovoltaic cells and is configured to deliver an electric current when subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation. The accumulator is connected to the photovoltaic panel and is configured to store the electrical energy delivered by said photovoltaic panel. This mobile terminal is also remarkable in that a cache, configured to protect said photovoltaic panel, is fixed permanently or removably on the mobile terminal, said cache supporting: the concentration device configured to concentrate the incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic panel,
- le dispositif de filtration d'ondes configuré pour laisser passer une ou plusieurs bandes déterminées de longueurs d'onde du rayonnement électromagnétique incident. L'adaptation de l'ensemble photovoltaïque à un terminal mobile permet d'augmenter l'autonomie dudit terminal mobile et donc le temps entre deux charges sur secteur.the wave filtering device configured to pass one or more determined bands of wavelengths of the incident electromagnetic radiation. The adaptation of the photovoltaic assembly to a mobile terminal makes it possible to increase the autonomy of said mobile terminal and therefore the time between two loads on the mains.
Description des figures.Description of the figures.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description d'un mode de réalisation préféré qui va suivre, en référence aux dessins annexés, réalisés à titre d'exemples indicatifs et non limitatifs et sur lesquels :Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better on reading the description of a preferred embodiment which will follow, with reference to the accompanying drawings, carried out as indicative and non-limiting examples and in which:
- la figure 1.a) représente schématiquement une vue de face d'un premier exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration, la figure 1.b) représente schématiquement une vue de gauche de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure la), la figure 1.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure la), la figure 2. a) représente schématiquement une vue de face d'un deuxième exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration, - la figure 2.b) représente schématiquement une vue de gauche de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 2. a), la figure 2.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 2. a), - la figure 3. a) représente schématiquement, en vue de face, un troisième exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration,- Figure 1.a) schematically shows a front view of a first example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, Figure 1.b) schematically shows a left view of the assembly. 1) schematically represents a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in FIG. 1a), FIG. 2 a) schematically represents a front view of a second example of FIG. photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, - Figure 2.b) schematically shows a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 2. a), Figure 2.c) schematically shows a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 2. a) - figure 3a) shows schematically, in front view, a third example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device,
- la figure 3.b) représente schématiquement une vue de gauche de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 3.a), - la figure 3.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 3. a), la figure 4. a) représente schématiquement une vue en coupe selon le plan A-A représenté sur la figure 4.c), d'un quatrième exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration, la figure 4.b) représente schématiquement une vue en coupe selon le plan B-B représenté sur la figure 4. a), de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 4. a),FIG. 3.b) schematically represents a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in FIG. 3.a); FIG. 3.c) schematically represents a view from above of the photovoltaic assembly represented in FIG. 3; a), schematically shows a sectional view along the plane AA shown in FIG. 4.c), of a fourth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, FIG. 4b) schematically represents a sectional view along the plane BB shown in FIG. 4a), of the photovoltaic assembly represented in FIG. 4a),
- la figure 4.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 4. a),- Figure 4.c) schematically shows a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 4. a),
- la figure 5. a) représente schématiquement, en vue de face, un cinquième exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration, la figure 5.b) représente schématiquement une vue de gauche de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 5.a), la figure 5.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 5.a), la figure 6. a) représente schématiquement une vue de face d'un sixième exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration et d'une loupe protectrice, - la figure 6.b) représente schématiquement une vue de gauche de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 6.a), la figure 6.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 6. a), - la figure 7. a) représente schématiquement une vue de face d'un septième exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration, d'une loupe protectrice, et d'un filtre d'ondes,- Figure 5. a) shows schematically, in front view, a fifth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, Figure 5.b) schematically shows a left view of the assembly. 5.a), Figure 5.c) schematically represents a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 5.a), Figure 6. a) schematically shows a front view of a sixth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device and a protective magnifier, - Figure 6.b) schematically shows a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 6.a), Figure 6.c) schematically shows a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 6. a) - Figure 7. a) schematically shows a front view of a seventh example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, a protective magnifying glass, and a filter of waves,
- la figure 7.b) représente schématiquement une vue de gauche de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 7. a),- Figure 7.b) schematically shows a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 7. a),
- la figure 7.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 7. a),- Figure 7.c) schematically shows a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 7. a),
- la figure 8. a) représente schématiquement une vue de face d'un huitième exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration, d'une loupe protectrice, et d'un filtre d'ondes,FIG. 8. a) schematically represents a front view of an eighth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, a protective magnifier, and a wave filter,
- la figure 8.b) représente schématiquement une vue de gauche de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 8. a),FIG. 8.b) schematically represents a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in FIG. 8. a),
- la figure 8.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 8. a),- Figure 8.c) schematically shows a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 8. a),
- la figure 9. a) représente schématiquement une vue de face d'un neuvième exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration, d'une loupe protectrice, et d'un filtre d'ondes, - la figure 9.b) représente schématiquement une vue de gauche de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 9. a),FIG. 9. a) schematically represents a front view of a ninth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a photovoltaic battery equipped with a concentration device, a protective magnifying glass, and a wave filter; Figure 9.b) shows schematically a left view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 9. a),
- la figure 9.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 9. a),- Figure 9.c) schematically shows a top view of the photovoltaic assembly shown in Figure 9. a),
- la figure 10. a) représente schématiquement une vue de face d'un dixième exemple d'ensemble photovoltaïque comportant une batterie photovoltaïque équipée d'un dispositif de concentration, d'une loupe protectrice, d'un filtre d'ondes et d'un dispositif de refroidissement, la figure 1O.b) représente schématiquement une vue de gauche de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 10. a), - la figure 10.c) représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de l'ensemble photovoltaïque représenté sur la figure 10. a),FIG. 10. a) schematically represents a front view of a tenth example of a photovoltaic assembly comprising a battery a photovoltaic system equipped with a concentration device, a protective magnifier, a wave filter and a cooling device, FIG. 10 b) schematically represents a left-hand view of the photovoltaic assembly represented on FIG. FIG. 10 a), FIG. 10.c) schematically represents a view from above of the photovoltaic assembly represented in FIG. 10. a),
- la figure 11. a) représente schématiquement une vue de face d'un téléphone portable équipé d'un ensemble photovoltaïque conforme à l'invention, - la figure 11.b) représente schématiquement une vue de côté du téléphone portable représenté sur la figure 1 la), la figure 11.c) représente schématiquement une vue de derrière du téléphone portable représenté sur la figure 1 la).FIG. 11 a) schematically represents a front view of a mobile phone equipped with a photovoltaic assembly according to the invention; FIG. 11 b) schematically represents a side view of the mobile phone represented in FIG. 1a), Figure 11.c) schematically shows a rear view of the mobile phone shown in Figure 1 la).
Modes de réalisation de l'invention.Embodiments of the invention
La solution proposée par l'invention est un ensemble photovoltaïque intégrant une batterie photovoltaïque et destiné à alimenter séquentiellement ou en continu des appareils électriques, des terminaux mobiles ou directement des réseaux électriques.The solution proposed by the invention is a photovoltaic assembly integrating a photovoltaic battery and intended to feed sequentially or continuously electrical devices, mobile terminals or directly electrical networks.
En se rapportant aux figures la) à 10.c), la batterie photovoltaïque comprend un panneau photovoltaïque (1) composé de cellules photovoltaïques et configuré pour délivrer un courant électrique lorsqu'il est soumis à un rayonnement électromagnétique incident. Les cellules photovoltaïques sont généralement constituées de semi-conducteurs à base de silicium (Si) de sulfure de cadmium (CdS), de tellurure de cadmium (CdTe), etc. Elles se présentent généralement sous la forme de fines plaques, rondes ou carrées, dont les dimensions (côté, diamètre) varient du millimètre à plusieurs centimètres. Ces plaques sont prises en sandwich entre deux contacts métalliques, pour une épaisseur variant de plusieurs microns à quelques millimètres. Les cellules photovoltaïques peuvent également être multi-jonction, c'est-à-dire être composées de différentes couches qui permettent de convertir différentes parties du spectre du rayonnement électromagnétique et ainsi d'obtenir de meilleurs rendements. Les cellules photovoltaïques peuvent également combiner des couches de polymères semi-conductrices avec des nanofils de silicium sous forme d'un tapis de 3mm d'épaisseur améliorant l'absorption du rayonnement électromagnétique incident.Referring to Figures la) to 10.c), the photovoltaic battery comprises a photovoltaic panel (1) composed of photovoltaic cells and configured to deliver an electric current when subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation. Photovoltaic cells generally consist of semiconductors based on silicon (Si) of cadmium sulphide (CdS), cadmium telluride (CdTe), etc. They are generally in the form of thin plates, round or square, whose dimensions (side, diameter) vary from millimeters to several centimeters. These plates are sandwiched between two contacts metal, for a thickness varying from several microns to a few millimeters. Photovoltaic cells can also be multi-junction, that is to say be composed of different layers that can convert different parts of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation and thus to obtain better yields. Photovoltaic cells can also combine semiconductor polymer layers with silicon nanowires in the form of a 3mm thick mat improving the absorption of incident electromagnetic radiation.
Les cellules photovoltaïques sont reliées en série ou en parallèle, et disposées les unes à cotés des autres sur un panneau de manière à former le panneau photovoltaïque (1). Le panneau se présente généralement sous forme carrée, rectangulaire, etc. Sa surface peut varier du cm2 à plusieurs m2. Une couche antireflet peut être appliquée sur le panneau photovoltaïque (1) ainsi constitué pour assurer une bonne absorption du rayonnement électromagnétique. Les panneaux photovoltaïques (1) de grandes dimensions peuvent être installés sur des supports fixés au sol, sur des toits, sur des murs, etc. Les panneaux photovoltaïques (1) de petite dimension sont destinés à être intégrés à des appareils mobiles du type ordinateur portable, téléphone portable, calculatrice, etc.The photovoltaic cells are connected in series or in parallel, and arranged next to each other on a panel so as to form the photovoltaic panel (1). The panel is usually square, rectangular, etc. Its surface can vary from cm 2 to several m 2 . An antireflection layer may be applied to the photovoltaic panel (1) thus formed to ensure good absorption of the electromagnetic radiation. The photovoltaic panels (1) of large dimensions can be installed on supports fixed on the ground, on roofs, on walls, etc. The photovoltaic panels (1) of small size are intended to be integrated with mobile devices such as laptop, mobile phone, calculator, etc.
Sous l'effet du rayonnement électromagnétique incident, les cellules photovoltaïques délivrent de l'énergie électrique sous la forme d'un courant électrique continu. Comme schématisé sur les figures La) à 10.c), la batterie photovoltaïque comprend également un accumulateur (2) relié au panneau photovoltaïque (1). L'accumulateur (2) est configuré pour stocker l'énergie électrique délivrée par le panneau photovoltaïque (1). L'accumulateur (2) est du type Plomb, Ni-Cd (Nickel-cadmium), Ni-MH (Nickel-métal hydrure), Ni-Zn (Nickel-zinc), lithium, etc. L'accumulateur (2) est relié au panneau photovoltaïque (1) par l'intermédiaire de connecteurs, de fils électriques ou autres. L'accumulateur (2) pourra se présenter sous la forme d'un boitier de forme parallélépipédique, cylindrique, ou autre. Le boitier peut être dépoté ou directement fixé sur la face arrière du panneau photovoltaïque (1).Under the effect of incident electromagnetic radiation, photovoltaic cells deliver electrical energy in the form of a continuous electric current. As shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 1a) to 10.c), the photovoltaic battery also comprises an accumulator (2) connected to the photovoltaic panel (1). The accumulator (2) is configured to store the electrical energy delivered by the photovoltaic panel (1). The accumulator (2) is of the Lead, Ni-Cd (nickel-cadmium), Ni-MH (nickel-metal hydride), Ni-Zn (nickel-zinc), lithium, etc. type. The accumulator (2) is connected to the photovoltaic panel (1) via connectors, electrical wires or the like. The accumulator (2) can be in the form of a box of parallelepipedal, cylindrical, or other shape. The housing can be removed or directly attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel (1).
Comme représenté sur les figures La) à 1O.c), l'ensemble photovoltaïque intègre également un dispositif de concentration (3) du rayonnement électromagnétique configuré pour concentrer ledit rayonnement électromagnétique incident sur le panneau photovoltaïque (1). Le dispositif de concentration (3) se présente généralement sous la forme d'un dispositif optique transparent en verre ou en plastique du type lentille convergente, lentille de Fresnel, ménisque, prisme ou autres.As shown in FIGS. 1a) to 10c), the photovoltaic assembly also incorporates a device (3) for concentrating the electromagnetic radiation configured to focus said incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic panel (1). The concentration device (3) is generally in the form of a transparent optical device made of glass or plastic of the convergent lens, Fresnel lens, meniscus, prism or other type.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure La) à 1O.c), le dispositif de concentration (3) peut comporter une ou plusieurs lentilles convergentes disposées en vis-à-vis des cellules photovoltaïques. La ou les lentilles convergentes recouvrent généralement la totalité de la surface du panneau solaire (1), mais peuvent également recouvrir une surface plus ou moins importante. Avantageusement, le foyer image de la ou des lentilles convergentes coïncide avec la surface du panneau photovoltaïque.According to a first embodiment shown in FIG. 1a) at 10c), the concentration device (3) may comprise one or more convergent lenses arranged opposite the photovoltaic cells. The convergent lens or lenses generally cover the entire surface of the solar panel (1), but may also cover a more or less large area. Advantageously, the focal point of the convergent lens or lenses coincides with the surface of the photovoltaic panel.
Selon une variante de réalisation schématisée sur les figures 2. a) à 4.c), le dispositif de concentration (3) comporte une lentille convergente (31 , 32) individuelle disposée en vis-à-vis de chaque cellule photovoltaïque. Les lentilles convergentes (31 , 32) sont réalisées en verre, en plastique, etc. Les lentilles convergentes (31 , 32) ont préférentiellement des dimensions équivalentes aux dimensions des cellules photovoltaïques, mais peuvent également avoir des dimensions inférieures ou supérieures. Les lentilles convergentes (31 , 32) peuvent se présenter sous la forme de lentilles individuelles fixées sur une structure (métallique, plastique ou autre) disposée à la surface du panneau photovoltaïque (1) ou, de manière indépendante, être fixées à la surface dudit panneau photovoltaïque. Les lentilles convergentes (31 , 32) peuvent également être usinées ou moulées dans une plaque de verre ou de plastique, ladite plaque étant fixée à la surface du panneau photovoltaïque (1). Les éléments constituant le dispositif de concentration peuvent être fixés sur le panneau photovoltaïque par vissage, collage soudage, clipsage, ou tout autre moyen de fixation convenant à l'homme du métier. En se rapportant aux figures 3. a) à 3.c), et afin de capter le rayonnement électromagnétique suivant plusieurs directions, une ou plusieurs lentilles convergentes (32) peuvent être convexes, c'est-à-dire que la surface sur laquelle le rayonnement électromagnétique est incident est une surface bombée. Dans le cas où elles ne sont pas convexes et comme représentées sur les figures 2. a) à 2.c), une ou plusieurs lentilles convergentes (31) peuvent être concaves, c'est-à-dire que la surface sur laquelle le rayonnement électromagnétique est incident est une surface incurvée. Ainsi, il n'est pas nécessaire d'orienter la cellule photovoltaïque perpendiculaire au rayonnement, les lentilles convergentes (31 , 32) permettant directement de faire converger sur les cellules photovoltaïques les rayonnements électromagnétiques suivant une multitude d'incidences. Astucieusement et comme schématisé sur les figures 4. a) à 4.c), les lentilles convergentes (31 , 32) sont soit convexes soit concaves, les lentilles convergentes adjacentes d'une lentille convergente convexe (32) étant concaves et les lentilles convergentes adjacentes d'une lentille convergente concave (31) étant convexes.According to an alternative embodiment shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2 (a) to 4 (c), the concentration device (3) comprises an individual convergent lens (31, 32) arranged opposite each photovoltaic cell. The convergent lenses (31, 32) are made of glass, plastic, etc. The convergent lenses (31, 32) preferably have dimensions equivalent to the dimensions of the photovoltaic cells, but may also have smaller or larger dimensions. The convergent lenses (31, 32) may be in the form of individual lenses attached to a structure (metal, plastic or otherwise) disposed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (1) or independently attached to the surface of said solar panel. The convergent lenses (31, 32) can also be machined or molded in a glass or plastic plate, said plate being fixed to the surface of the photovoltaic panel (1). The elements constituting the concentration device can be fixed on the photovoltaic panel by screwing, gluing welding, clipping, or any other means of attachment suitable for the skilled person. Referring to Figs. 3 (a) to 3 (c), and in order to capture the electromagnetic radiation in several directions, one or more convergent lenses (32) may be convex, i.e. the surface on which the electromagnetic radiation is incident is a curved surface. In the case where they are not convex and as represented in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c), one or more convergent lenses (31) may be concave, that is to say that the surface on which the Electromagnetic radiation is incident is a curved surface. Thus, it is not necessary to orient the photovoltaic cell perpendicular to the radiation, the convergent lenses (31, 32) directly making it possible to converge the photovoltaic cells electromagnetic radiation in a multitude of incidences. Cleverly and as schematized in Figures 4 a) to 4.c), the convergent lenses (31, 32) are either convex or concave, the adjacent convergent lenses of a converging convex lens (32) being concave and the lenses converging adjacent ones of a concave convergent lens (31) being convex.
Selon une autre variante de réalisation schématisée sur les figures 5. a) à 5.c), le dispositif de concentration (3) comporte en vis-à-vis de chaque cellule photovoltaïque un miroir (34) configuré pour réfléchir le rayonnement électromagnétique incident sur une coupole (33). Cette dernière converge alors le rayonnement électromagnétique réfléchi sur la cellule photovoltaïque disposée en vis-à-vis. Chaque miroir (34) est associé à une coupole (33). Les miroirs (34) se présentent sous la forme d'un plan incliné par rapport à la normale au panneau solaire. Les coupoles (33) ont généralement la forme d'une demi-sphère d'axe normal au panneau solaire et tronquée par le plan du miroir (34) qui lui est associé. Les miroirs (34) et les coupoles (33) peuvent être fabriqués individuellement puis assemblés, ou être directement obtenus par usinage d'une plaque de verre ou autre de façon analogue à ce qui est précédemment décrit pour les lentilles convergentes (31 , 32). Les miroirs et les coupoles peuvent également être fixés sur le panneau photovoltaïque de manière similaire à ce qui est précédemment décrit pour les lentilles convergentes (31 , 32).According to another alternative embodiment shown schematically in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c), the concentration device (3) comprises, vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell, a mirror (34) configured to reflect the incident electromagnetic radiation. on a dome (33). The latter then converges the electromagnetic radiation reflected on the photovoltaic cell arranged vis-à-vis. Each mirror (34) is associated with a dome (33). The mirrors (34) are in the form of a plane inclined to the normal solar panel. The cupolas (33) are generally in the form of a half-sphere of axis normal to the solar panel and truncated by the plane of the mirror (34) associated therewith. The mirrors (34) and the domes (33) can be individually manufactured and then assembled, or directly obtained by machining a glass plate or the like in a manner similar to that previously described for convergent lenses (31, 32). Mirrors and domes may also be attached to the photovoltaic panel in a manner similar to that previously described for convergent lenses (31, 32).
Selon encore une autre variante de réalisation non représentée, le dispositif de concentration (3) comporte en vis-à-vis de chaque cellule photovoltaïque un prisme de forme pyramidale dont les côtés sont orientés face au rayonnement électromagnétique. Le prisme a avantageusement une base de forme hexagonale, mais, la base peut également avoir une forme triangulaire, carrée, ou tout autre polygone convenant à l'homme du métier. Le prisme est préférentiellement réalisé en diamant ou en cristal, mais peut également être réalisé en verre, en plastique, etc. Le dispositif de concentration à base de prisme peut être réalisé puis fixé sur le panneau photovoltaïque de manière semblable à ce qui est précédemment décrit pour les lentilles convergentes (31 , 32).According to yet another embodiment not shown, the concentration device (3) comprises vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell a pyramidal-shaped prism whose sides are oriented towards the electromagnetic radiation. The prism advantageously has a hexagonal base, but, the base may also have a triangular shape, square, or any other polygon suitable for the skilled person. The prism is preferably made of diamond or crystal, but can also be made of glass, plastic, etc. The prism-based focusing device can be realized and then fixed on the photovoltaic panel in a manner similar to that previously described for convergent lenses (31, 32).
En se référant aux figures 6. a) à 6.c), et dans l'optique de protéger le dispositif de concentration (3), une loupe protectrice (5) est disposée sur ledit dispositif de concentration. De la même manière que le dispositif de concentration (3) précédemment décrit, cette loupe protectrice (5) peut être réalisée en verre, en plastique ou autre ; elle peut être réalisée en verre trempé, feuilleté ou tout autre moyen permettant d'améliorer ses caractéristiques mécaniques. La loupe protectrice (5) peut avoir une forme convexe ou concave ou toute autre forme convenant à l'homme du métier.Referring to Figures 6. a) to 6.c), and in order to protect the concentration device (3), a protective magnifying glass (5) is disposed on said concentration device. In the same way as the concentration device (3) previously described, this protective magnifying glass (5) can be made of glass, plastic or other; it can be made of tempered glass, laminated or any other means to improve its mechanical characteristics. The protective magnifier (5) may have a convex or concave shape or any other form suitable to those skilled in the art.
En se rapportant aux figures 7. a) à 10.c), et en fonction du matériau employé pour la réalisation des cellules photovoltaïques et de leur capacité à absorber certaines longueurs d'onde, l'ensemble photovoltaïque peut en outre intégrer un dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) configuré pour laisser passer une ou plusieurs bandes déterminées de longueurs d'onde du rayonnement électromagnétique incident. Le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) peut se présenter sous la forme d'un filtre par absorption réalisé à base de verres ou de plastiques auxquels des composés organiques ou inorganiques ont été ajoutés. Le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) peut également se présenter sous la forme d'un filtre par réflexion constitué de deux lames partiellement réfléchissantes. Le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) peut encore se présenter sous la forme d'un ou plusieurs films colorés. Le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) peut être disposé entre le dispositif de concentration (3) et le panneau photovoltaïque (1) comme représenté sur les figures 7. a) à 7.c), ou directement sur le dispositif de concentration (3) comme représenté sur les figures 8. a) à 8.c), ou encore sur la loupe protectrice (5) comme représentée sur les figures 9. a) à 9.c). Le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) peut également se présenter sous la forme d'un composé organique coloré incorporé dès la fabrication au verre ou au plastique permettant la réalisation du dispositif de concentration ou de la loupe protectrice.Referring to Figures 7. a) to 10.c), and depending on the material used for the realization of photovoltaic cells and their ability to absorb certain wavelengths, the photovoltaic assembly can furthermore integrating a wave filtering device (4) configured to pass one or more determined bands of wavelengths of the incident electromagnetic radiation. The wave filtering device (4) may be in the form of an absorption filter made from glasses or plastics to which organic or inorganic compounds have been added. The wave filtering device (4) may also be in the form of a reflection filter consisting of two partially reflecting plates. The wave filtering device (4) may also be in the form of one or more colored films. The wave filtering device (4) can be arranged between the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1) as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) to 7 (c), or directly on the concentration device. (3) as shown in Figs. 8 (a) through 8 (c), or on the protective magnifier (5) as shown in Figs. 9 (a) through 9 (c). The wave filtering device (4) may also be in the form of a colored organic compound incorporated from manufacture into glass or plastic allowing the production of the concentration device or the protective magnifying glass.
Le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) permet donc de filtrer indépendamment ou en combinaison différents spectres du rayonnement électromagnétique, en particulier et à titre d'exemples non limitatifs : le spectre jaune du rayonnement électromagnétique en intégrant à l'ensemble photovoltaïque un dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) configuré pour laisser passer les ondes de longueur d'onde comprise entre 565 nm et 590 nm - le spectre infrarouge du rayonnement électromagnétique en intégrant à l'ensemble photovoltaïque un dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) configuré pour laisser passer les ondes de longueur d'onde comprise entre 745 nm et 100 μm. le spectre ultraviolet du rayonnement électromagnétique en intégrant à l'ensemble photovoltaïque un dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) pour laisser passer les ondes de longueur d'onde comprise entre 10 nm et 400 nm. En se rapportant aux figures 10. a) à 10.c), et afin d'éviter une montée en température excessive du panneau photovoltaïque et une détérioration du dispositif de concentration et des filtres d'ondes, l'ensemble peut comporter un dispositif de refroidissement.The wave filtering device (4) thus makes it possible to filter independently or in combination different spectra of the electromagnetic radiation, in particular and by way of nonlimiting examples: the yellow spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation by integrating into the photovoltaic assembly a device wave filter (4) configured to pass waves of wavelength between 565 nm and 590 nm - the infrared spectrum of electromagnetic radiation by integrating a wave filtering device (4) into the photovoltaic unit (4) configured to pass wave lengths between 745 nm and 100 μm. the ultraviolet spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation by integrating the photovoltaic assembly a wave filtering device (4) for passing waves of wavelength between 10 nm and 400 nm. With reference to FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c), and in order to avoid an excessive rise in temperature of the photovoltaic panel and a deterioration of the concentration device and of the wave filters, the assembly may comprise a device for cooling.
Selon un mode de réalisation non représenté, le dispositif de refroidissement peut se présenter sous la forme de filtres anti-caloriques utilisés afin de diminuer le transfert thermique des sources lumineuses vers les instruments d'optique fragiles qui ne doivent pas trop chauffer.According to an embodiment not shown, the cooling device may be in the form of heat-resistant filters used to reduce the heat transfer of light sources to fragile optical instruments that must not over-heat.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation représentée sur les figures 10. a) à 10.c), le dispositif de refroidissement peut également comprendre un circuit d'air (6) disposé entre le dispositif de concentration (3) et le panneau photovoltaïque (2) communiquant avec l'extérieur au moyen d'évents (7). Le circuit d'air (6) se présente généralement sous la forme d'une lame d'aire disposée entre le dispositif de concentration (3) et le panneau photovoltaïque (1), c'est-à-dire que le dispositif de concentration (3) et le panneau photovoltaïque (1) sont séparés par un volume d'air en forme de lame. Un ou plusieurs tampons de surélévation (8) peuvent être disposés entre le dispositif de concentration (3) et le panneau photovoltaïque (1) de manière à créer la lame d'air. Les évents (7) peuvent par exemple se matérialiser sous la forme de trous disposés sur le pourtour de l'ensemble photovoltaïque et configuré pour faire communiquer la lame d'air avec l'air extérieur de manière à créer une circulation d'air. Les évents (7) peuvent être réalisés par perçage du dispositif de concentration (3) ou des tampons de surélévation (8) comme schématisé sur les figures 10. a) à 10.c), ou résulter d'espaces séparant lesdits tampons de surélévation ou tout autre moyen convenant à l'homme du métier. De la même manière que précédemment décrite, un circuit d'air peut également être agencé sur la face arrière du panneau photovoltaïque communiquant avec l'extérieur au moyen d'évents. Afin d'améliorer l'échange de chaleur entre l'air et la face arrière du panneau photovoltaïque, le dispositif de refroidissement peut également comprend un radiateur à ailettes (9) disposé sur la face arrière du panneau photovoltaïque. Ce radiateur à ailettes (9) peut être réalisé en acier en matériau composite ou tout autre matériau favorisant l'échange de chaleur et convenant à l'homme du métier.According to another embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c), the cooling device may also comprise an air circuit (6) arranged between the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (2). ) communicating with the outside by means of vents (7). The air circuit (6) is generally in the form of an area blade disposed between the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1), that is to say that the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1) are separated by a blade-shaped air volume. One or more elevation buffers (8) may be disposed between the concentrator (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1) to create the air gap. The vents (7) may for example be in the form of holes disposed around the periphery of the photovoltaic assembly and configured to communicate the air gap with the outside air so as to create a flow of air. The vents (7) can be made by drilling the concentrating device (3) or raising buffers (8) as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c), or resulting from spaces separating said elevation buffers. or any other means suitable for those skilled in the art. In the same way as previously described, an air circuit can also be arranged on the rear face of the photovoltaic panel communicating with the outside by means of vents. In order to improve the heat exchange between the air and the rear face of the photovoltaic panel, the cooling device may also comprise a finned radiator (9) disposed on the rear face of the photovoltaic panel. solar panel. This finned radiator (9) may be made of composite material steel or any other material that promotes heat exchange and is suitable for those skilled in the art.
Un autre aspect de l'invention représenté sur les figures 11. a) à 11.c), concerne un terminal mobile (100) alimenté par une ensemble photovoltaïque conforme à l'invention. On entend par terminaux mobiles (100) des téléphones portables, des assistants digitaux personnels (PDA), des ordinateurs portables, etc. Le panneau photovoltaïque (1) et l'accumulateur (2), du type de ceux précédemment décrit, sont disposés à l'intérieur dudit terminal mobile. Ce terminale mobile (100) est remarquable en ce qu'un cache (101), configuré pour protéger ledit panneau photovoltaïque, est fixé, de façon définitive ou amovible, sur le terminal mobile. Le cache supporte le dispositif de concentration (3) et le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) du type de ceux précédemment décrits. Le cache (101) peut être réalisé en plastique, en métal ou autre. Il peut se présenter sous la forme d'un support sur lequel l'ensemble photovoltaïque est fixé par collage, par soudage, par vissage ou par tout autre moyen convenant à l'homme du métier. Le cache (101) peut être fixé sur le terminal mobile par clipsage, vissage, soudage, collage, etc. Le cache (101) peut également être amovible et adaptable à plusieurs types de terminaux mobiles. Another aspect of the invention shown in Figures 11. a) to 11.c), relates to a mobile terminal (100) powered by a photovoltaic assembly according to the invention. Mobile terminals (100) are understood to mean mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, etc. The photovoltaic panel (1) and the accumulator (2), of the type previously described, are arranged inside said mobile terminal. This mobile terminal (100) is remarkable in that a cache (101), configured to protect said photovoltaic panel, is fixed permanently or removably on the mobile terminal. The cover supports the concentration device (3) and the wave filtering device (4) of the type previously described. The cover (101) can be made of plastic, metal or other. It may be in the form of a support on which the photovoltaic assembly is fixed by gluing, welding, screwing or by any other means suitable for the skilled person. The cover (101) can be fixed on the mobile terminal by clipping, screwing, welding, gluing, etc. The cache (101) can also be removable and adaptable to several types of mobile terminals.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Ensemble photovoltaïque intégrant une batterie photovoltaïque comprenant : un panneau photovoltaïque (1) composé de cellules photovoltaïques et configuré pour délivrer un courant électrique lorsqu'il est soumis à un rayonnement électromagnétique incident, - un accumulateur (2) relié au panneau photovoltaïque (1) configuré pour stocker l'énergie électrique délivrée par ledit panneau photovoltaïque, caractérisé en ce qu'il intègre : un dispositif de concentration (3) configuré pour concentrer le rayonnement électromagnétique incident sur le panneau photovoltaïque (1), - un dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) configuré pour laisser passer une ou plusieurs bandes déterminées de longueurs d'onde du rayonnement électromagnétique incident.Photovoltaic unit incorporating a photovoltaic battery comprising: a photovoltaic panel (1) composed of photovoltaic cells and configured to deliver an electric current when subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation, - an accumulator (2) connected to the photovoltaic panel (1). ) configured to store the electrical energy delivered by said photovoltaic panel, characterized in that it incorporates: a concentration device (3) configured to focus the incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic panel (1), - a filtration device waveform (4) configured to pass one or more determined bands of wavelengths of incident electromagnetic radiation.
2. Ensemble selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de concentration (3) comporte une ou plusieurs lentilles convergentes (31 , 32) disposées en vis-à-vis des cellules photovoltaïques.2. The assembly of claim 1 characterized in that the concentration device (3) comprises one or more convergent lenses (31, 32) arranged vis-à-vis the photovoltaic cells.
3. Ensemble selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de concentration (3) comporte une lentille convergente individuelle disposée en vis-à-vis de chaque cellule photovoltaïque.3. The assembly of claim 2 characterized in that the concentration device (3) comprises an individual convergent lens arranged vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell.
4. Ensemble selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce qu'une ou plusieurs lentilles convergentes (31 , 32) sont convexes ou concaves.4. The assembly of claim 3 characterized in that one or more convergent lenses (31, 32) are convex or concave.
5. Ensemble selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que les lentilles (31 , 32) sont soit convexes, soit concaves, les lentilles adjacentes d'une lentille convexe (32) étant concaves et les lentilles adjacentes d'une lentille concave (31) étant convexes.5. The assembly of claim 3 characterized in that the lenses (31, 32) are either convex or concave, the adjacent lenses a convex lens (32) being concave and the adjacent lenses of a concave lens (31) being convex.
6. Ensemble selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de concentration (3) comporte en vis-à-vis de chaque cellule photovoltaïque un miroir (34) configuré pour réfléchir le rayonnement électromagnétique incident sur une coupole (33), cette dernière convergeant ledit rayonnement électromagnétique réfléchi sur ladite cellule photovoltaïque.6. The assembly of claim 1 characterized in that the concentration device (3) comprises vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell a mirror (34) configured to reflect the incident electromagnetic radiation on a dome (33), the latter converging said reflected electromagnetic radiation on said photovoltaic cell.
7. Ensemble selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de concentration (3) comporte en vis-à-vis de chaque cellule photovoltaïque un prisme de forme pyramidale réalisé en diamant ou en cristal.7. The assembly of claim 1 characterized in that the concentration device (3) comprises vis-à-vis each photovoltaic cell a pyramidal prism made of diamond or crystal.
8. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'une loupe protectrice (5) est disposée sur le dispositif de concentration (3).8. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that a protective magnifying glass (5) is disposed on the concentration device (3).
9. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) est configuré pour laisser passer les ondes de longueur d'onde comprise entre 565 nm et 590 nm.9. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the wave filtering device (4) is configured to let waves of wavelength between 565 nm and 590 nm.
10. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) est configuré pour laisser passer les ondes de longueur d'onde comprise entre 745 nm et 100 μm.10. An assembly according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the wave filtering device (4) is configured to let the waves of wavelength between 745 nm and 100 microns.
11. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) est configuré pour laisser passer les ondes de longueur d'onde comprise entre 10 nm et 400 nm. 11. An assembly according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the wave filtering device (4) is configured to let waves of wavelength between 10 nm and 400 nm.
12. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) se présente sous la forme d'un film coloré.12. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the wave filtering device (4) is in the form of a colored film.
13. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) est disposé entre le dispositif de concentration (3) et le panneau photovoltaïque (1).13. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the wave filtering device (4) is disposed between the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1).
14. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) est disposé sur le dispositif de concentration (3).14. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 12 characterized in that the wave filtering device (4) is disposed on the concentration device (3).
15. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 8 à 12 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de filtration d'ondes est disposé sur la loupe protectrice (5).15. Assembly according to one of claims 8 to 12 characterized in that the wave filtering device is disposed on the protective magnifying glass (5).
16. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif de refroidissement comprenant un circuit d'air (6) disposé entre le dispositif de concentration (3) et le panneau photovoltaïque (1) communiquant avec l'extérieur au moyen d'évents (7).16. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a cooling device comprising an air circuit (6) disposed between the concentration device (3) and the photovoltaic panel (1) communicating with the outside by means of vents (7).
17. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif de refroidissement comprenant un radiateur à ailettes (9) disposé sur la face arrière du panneau photovoltaïque17. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a cooling device comprising a finned radiator (9) disposed on the rear face of the photovoltaic panel.
(1 )-(1) -
18. Terminal mobile caractérisé en ce qu'il est alimenté par une ensemble photovoltaïque selon la revendication 1 , le panneau photovoltaïque (1) et l'accumulateur (2) étant disposés à l'intérieur dudit terminal mobile, ledit panneau photovoltaïque (1) étant composé de cellules photovoltaïques et configuré pour délivrer un courant électrique lorsqu'il est soumis à un rayonnement électromagnétique incident, ledit accumulateur (2) étant relié au panneau photovoltaïque (1) et configuré pour stocker l'énergie électrique délivrée par ledit panneau photovoltaïque, et en ce qu'un cache (101), configuré pour protéger ledit panneau photovoltaïque, est fixé, de façon définitive ou amovible, sur le terminal mobile, ledit cache supportant : le dispositif de concentration (3) configuré pour concentrer le rayonnement électromagnétique incident sur le panneau photovoltaïque (1), le dispositif de filtration d'ondes (4) configuré pour laisser passer une ou plusieurs bandes déterminées de longueurs d'onde du rayonnement électromagnétique incident. 18. Mobile terminal characterized in that it is powered by a photovoltaic assembly according to claim 1, the photovoltaic panel (1) and the accumulator (2) being disposed inside said mobile terminal, said photovoltaic panel (1) being composed of photovoltaic cells and configured to deliver an electric current when subjected to incident electromagnetic radiation, said accumulator (2) being connected to the photovoltaic panel (1) and configured to store the electrical energy delivered by said photovoltaic panel, and in that a cache (101), configured to protect said photovoltaic panel, is fixed, permanently or removably, on the mobile terminal, said cover supporting: the concentration device (3) configured to concentrate the incident electromagnetic radiation on the photovoltaic panel (1) , the wave filtering device (4) configured to pass one or more determined bands of wavelengths of the incident electromagnetic radiation.
PCT/FR2009/051996 2008-10-20 2009-10-20 Photovoltaic assembly for optimising the charging time of a photovoltaic battery WO2010046589A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0857112A FR2937465A1 (en) 2008-10-20 2008-10-20 PHOTOVOLTAIC ASSEMBLY FOR OPTIMIZING THE CHARGING TIME OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC BATTERY
FR0857112 2008-10-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010046589A1 true WO2010046589A1 (en) 2010-04-29

Family

ID=41056979

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR2009/051996 WO2010046589A1 (en) 2008-10-20 2009-10-20 Photovoltaic assembly for optimising the charging time of a photovoltaic battery

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FR (1) FR2937465A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010046589A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104223701A (en) * 2014-09-02 2014-12-24 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Mobile equipment protective case

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3001551B1 (en) * 2013-01-31 2015-02-13 Prismaflex Int RETRO-ECLAIRE PRINTED PANEL

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3706186A1 (en) * 1987-02-26 1988-09-08 Hans Lobermeier Device for obtaining and storing electrical energy from solar energy
US5644207A (en) * 1995-12-11 1997-07-01 The Johns Hopkins University Integrated power source
EP1246340A1 (en) * 2001-01-11 2002-10-02 I-Ming Chen Solar-powered device for charging a battery unit of a mobile telephone handset
US20060164031A1 (en) * 2002-09-16 2006-07-27 Sung-Muk Leem Battery pack equipped with detachable rechargeable battery and portable electronic device equipped with the battery pack
WO2007002618A2 (en) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-04 Richard Johnson Energy collecting universal power supply system
WO2007046995A1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-26 Huang, Huimin Solar energy collecting device and method for making the same
US20070089776A1 (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-04-26 Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Solar energy assembly for portable electronic device
US20080000515A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Kuo-Len Lin Automatically Solar Energy Tracking and Collecting System

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3706186A1 (en) * 1987-02-26 1988-09-08 Hans Lobermeier Device for obtaining and storing electrical energy from solar energy
US5644207A (en) * 1995-12-11 1997-07-01 The Johns Hopkins University Integrated power source
EP1246340A1 (en) * 2001-01-11 2002-10-02 I-Ming Chen Solar-powered device for charging a battery unit of a mobile telephone handset
US20060164031A1 (en) * 2002-09-16 2006-07-27 Sung-Muk Leem Battery pack equipped with detachable rechargeable battery and portable electronic device equipped with the battery pack
WO2007002618A2 (en) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-04 Richard Johnson Energy collecting universal power supply system
WO2007046995A1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-26 Huang, Huimin Solar energy collecting device and method for making the same
US20070089776A1 (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-04-26 Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Solar energy assembly for portable electronic device
US20080000515A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Kuo-Len Lin Automatically Solar Energy Tracking and Collecting System

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104223701A (en) * 2014-09-02 2014-12-24 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Mobile equipment protective case

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2937465A1 (en) 2010-04-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20120291852A1 (en) Hybrid solar concentrator
US20080314436A1 (en) Solar augmentation system
US20170012155A1 (en) System and method for manipulating solar energy
US20110192460A1 (en) Solar Power Generator
EP1715260A3 (en) Concentrating solar collector with solid optical element
EP2671115A1 (en) Display device with integrated photovoltaic cells and improved brightness
WO2011080442A2 (en) Reflective device for a photovoltaic module with bifacial cells
WO2010062713A2 (en) Thin film semiconductor photovoltaic device
FR3038880A1 (en) BALLO EQUIPPED WITH A CONCENTRATED SOLAR GENERATOR USING A SOLAR CELL ARRANGEMENT OPTIMIZED TO FEED IN FLIGHT OF THIS BALLOON
WO2009077567A2 (en) Solar powered electric motor vehicle
US20100083953A1 (en) High efficiency solar energy devices and methods
FR2962596A1 (en) PANEL PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM WITH FRESNEL REFLECTORS
WO2010046589A1 (en) Photovoltaic assembly for optimising the charging time of a photovoltaic battery
JP2015530747A (en) Photovoltaic system including spectral light splitting module and concentrator optics
FR2971064A1 (en) PARALLAX BARRIER DISPLAY SCREEN WITH INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
AU2018201320A1 (en) Full spectrum electro-magnetic energy system
Yu et al. Tandem solar cells with infrared-tuned silicon bottom cells
WO2016146601A1 (en) Bifacial photovoltaic system equipped with optical fibres for illumination of the rear face of photovoltaic cells
FR3070539A1 (en) ASSEMBLY OF HETEROGENEOUS PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS AND AUTONOMOUS REFILL SYSTEM COMPRISING SAID ASSEMBLY
WO2018078659A1 (en) Refined light trapping technique using 3-dimensional globule structured solar cell
JP3206341B2 (en) Solar cell
CN106169909A (en) A kind of Salar light-gathering mechanism
EP3793085A1 (en) Floating photovoltaic structure
JP3091755B1 (en) Concentrating solar power generator
US20120012148A1 (en) High surface area photovoltaic systems

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 09760176

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 09760176

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1