WO2010057649A1 - Verfahren zur identifizierung von lasersinterpulvern mit markern bestehend aus salzen von seltenerdmetallen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur identifizierung von lasersinterpulvern mit markern bestehend aus salzen von seltenerdmetallen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010057649A1 WO2010057649A1 PCT/EP2009/008272 EP2009008272W WO2010057649A1 WO 2010057649 A1 WO2010057649 A1 WO 2010057649A1 EP 2009008272 W EP2009008272 W EP 2009008272W WO 2010057649 A1 WO2010057649 A1 WO 2010057649A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- salts
- added
- salt
- coding
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C39/021—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles by casting in several steps
- B29C39/025—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles by casting in several steps for making multilayered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C39/10—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. casting around inserts or for coating articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2011/00—Optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; ceramics; glass; bricks
Definitions
- the invention is directed to a method which makes it possible to characterize the powdery starting materials used in layering processes in terms of their origin, as well as to the use of such a marked powder as a starting material in a layer-building process.
- a flame retardant may optionally be added to a powder in order to achieve a fire resistance of the object to be produced. Such an additive does not usually change the appearance of the powder. Whether a flame retardant has been added can then usually only be determined by a complex analysis of the powder.
- Dxes can be part of an error analysis if the object does not have the desired properties. For example, even if the object is flawless, it may be desirable, sometimes for years, to know the supplier of the laser sintering powder used. In this case, the object should not be damaged in an analysis in the rule, for example, when a sample is removed.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method which allows the identification of powders used in a layer construction method, in particular a laser sintering method, and of components produced therefrom, without the appearance of the powder and the components being changed.
- the object is achieved by a method for identifying a powder according to claim 1 and a use of such a powder according to claim 8 or 13.
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structure for illustrating a method for examining a marked powder or component produced therefrom.
- the powder is mixed with a marking powder in a commercial mixer according to the invention.
- a certain percentage for example 20% by weight.
- an even lower proportion for example 10 wt .-%, or even better between 0.1 and 10 wt .-%, even more advantageous.
- the proportion of marking powder also reduces the probability of finding marker particles even in small samples of the total mixture.
- a substance is selected according to the invention as a marking substance which shows luminescence when it is irradiated with light of a wavelength outside the visible range, for example IR light or UV light then the light emitted by the luminescent substance is examined for its wavelength and / or intensity.
- a luminescence emission on irradiation it can be determined solely on the basis of the irradiated (excite) and / or the emitted wavelength (s) which marker has been added
- a powder can now be characterized in that a marking substance is added which emits a very specific wavelength or several characteristic wavelengths or a certain wavelength range.
- a tag which exhibits luminescence in different wavelength ranges.
- an identification via the registration of a very specific spectral distribution in the emitted light is possible.
- the marked powder can be used as a building material in any layer construction method for producing three-dimensional objects, ie, for example, in a selective laser sintering or laser melting method, or a selective electron beam or infrared sintering or melting method or a 3D laser.
- Printing process in which a binder is sprayed to solidify the material. The processes mentioned are described, inter alia, in WO 90/03893 and US Pat. No. 6,375,874 B1.
- FIG. 1 An exemplary structure for examining a device produced by means of a labeled powder is shown in FIG.
- UV light 4 is thereby blasted with the aid of a UV light source.
- a part of the luminescent light 5 excited by the irradiation is detected by a detector 3.
- UV light light with another wavelength outside the visible range, e.g. in the IR range, in a preferred embodiment of the invention in the near infrared
- NIR neutron-sensitive laser
- excitation of the luminescence by means of ionizing radiation (particle radiation or X-ray radiation) is also possible.
- the detector for the investigation of the luminescent light can be a simple photodiode or even a CCD or pixel sensor, which detects the amount of light.
- the detection of the presence of a marker occurs in the simplest case by comparing the light emissions of the powder or finished component with and without excitation light.
- the identification of the wavelengths of the luminescent light can be achieved, for example, by filter filters. be realized in front of the detector, wherein the filter presets each show only a transmission in a limited wavelength range.
- spectral decomposition eg prisms, gratings, etc.
- the spectral decomposition can also take place in the detector itself
- the concentration of marking substances in the powder or component for example, the emitted amount of luminescent light is measured once without a pre-filter and on the other hand with a pre-filter, the filter shows only in the region of the luminescence spectrum transmission In this way, the amount of the luminescence light in relation to the total amount of light reflected by the powder or component falling on the detector.
- the amount of label added if it is the amount of label added that is used to encode information.
- two different marking substances are added to the powder, which show a light emission in different wavelength ranges during luminescence and / or have different exciting wavelengths. A specific coding can then be generated by dimensioning the quantitative ratio of the two added marking substances to one another.
- the quantitative ratio is then determined during the examination of the powder or component in that the quantities of light emitted in the two different wavelength ranges are related to one another. In this way a corresponding coding can be read.
- more than two different marking substances can be added.
- the relative proportions of the two substances can nevertheless be determined when using a spectrometer for analyzing the luminescence radiation.
- the method described can be applied to all possible powders, ie in particular to polymer powder, metal powder and sintered sintered powder. Since very high temperatures occur for some of the powders mentioned, for example during a sintering or melting process, an important requirement for the selection of the markers is that the marking substances are not impaired by the high temperatures which occur during the construction process. It has been found that when using rare earth salts, a temperature resistance for the temperatures normally occurring in laser sintering processes is given. For this purpose, e.g. Oxides of rare earths or oxi-sulfides or also fluorides which are doped with small admixtures of other elements, which also originate from the group of rare earths, in order to produce the desired luminescence.
- the marking substance can be mixed in a particularly advantageous manner so that the particles of the marking substance are embedded on the surface of the powder particles. In this way one can mark each individual powder particle.
- the marking substance and the powder particles are subjected, for example, to a process for the surface treatment of particles described in EP 0 555 947 A1.
- the particles become one of several, interconnected supplied to impact chambers, which are provided with a turntable with impact pins, as well as with a collision ring, so that the mixture is subjected to a impact impact, whereby an air flow generated by this process is separated from the PuI- mixture and continuously released from the impact chamber, wherein the Aufschlagvorgang is repeated and the powder mixture can temporarily rest in the impact chamber before it is forwarded to the subsequent chamber.
- NWA-I Powder Treatment Means from Nara showed that the treatment time at a speed of 8,000 rpm must be at least one minute (at room temperature).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2011120171/28A RU2011120171A (ru) | 2008-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Способ идентификации порошков, применяемых в лазерном спекании |
JP2011536784A JP2012509471A (ja) | 2008-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | 粉末の識別方法 |
EP09806002A EP2250495B1 (de) | 2008-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Verfahren zur identifizierung von produkten mit markern bestehend aus salzen von seltenerdmetallen |
AT09806002T ATE532616T1 (de) | 2008-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Verfahren zur identifizierung von produkten mit markern bestehend aus salzen von seltenerdmetallen |
CN2009801466311A CN102232187A (zh) | 2008-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | 用由稀土金属盐组成的标记物识别激光烧结粉末的方法 |
BRPI0920954A BRPI0920954A2 (pt) | 2008-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | método para marcar partes que são fabricadas pro um método de fabricação em camadas, e, uso de um método. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008058177.1 | 2008-11-20 | ||
DE102008058177A DE102008058177A1 (de) | 2008-11-20 | 2008-11-20 | Verfahren zur Identifizierung von Lasersinterpulvern |
US20183208P | 2008-12-16 | 2008-12-16 | |
US61/201,832 | 2008-12-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010057649A1 true WO2010057649A1 (de) | 2010-05-27 |
Family
ID=42193957
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2009/008272 WO2010057649A1 (de) | 2008-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Verfahren zur identifizierung von lasersinterpulvern mit markern bestehend aus salzen von seltenerdmetallen |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10807304B2 (de) |
EP (2) | EP2250495B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2012509471A (de) |
CN (1) | CN102232187A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE532616T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0920954A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102008058177A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2011120171A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010057649A1 (de) |
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JP2014502340A (ja) * | 2010-09-21 | 2014-01-30 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | オンライン分析とトレーサー技術との関連付け法 |
WO2014038977A1 (ru) | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | Федеральное Государственное Унитарное Предприятие "Гознак" (Фгуп "Гознак") | Маркирующая композиция на основе неорганических люминофоров, способ маркировки изделий из металла и изделие из металла |
FR2995241A1 (fr) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-14 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de marquage luminescent d'un substrat par frittage laser |
WO2014041264A1 (fr) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-20 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procede de marquage luminescent d'un substrat par frittage laser |
CN109278289A (zh) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-29 | Cl产权管理有限公司 | 用于添加式地制造三维物体的设施 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2011120171A (ru) | 2012-11-27 |
EP2418061A1 (de) | 2012-02-15 |
ATE532616T1 (de) | 2011-11-15 |
EP2250495B1 (de) | 2011-11-09 |
US10807304B2 (en) | 2020-10-20 |
DE102008058177A1 (de) | 2010-06-24 |
US20100140550A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
BRPI0920954A2 (pt) | 2015-12-29 |
CN102232187A (zh) | 2011-11-02 |
EP2250495A1 (de) | 2010-11-17 |
JP2012509471A (ja) | 2012-04-19 |
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