WO2011006550A1

WO2011006550A1 - Valve for conducting fluid and metering apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2011006550A1
Application number: PCT/EP2010/000941
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rudolf Lonski
Original assignee: Rudolf Lonski
Priority date: 2009-04-28
Filing date: 2010-02-16
Publication date: 2011-01-20

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve (2) for conducting fluid, in particular for metering a fluid, through a conducting opening (12), wherein the valve is bistable and has two opening states of the conducting opening, comprising: a movable armature (10) for opening and closing the conducting opening, which armature comprises a device composed of a magnetic material, and an element (17) for producing a magnetic field and for moving the armature. In order to be able to achieve an improved actuation, the device composed of magnetic material has two permanent magnets (13, 14), which are arranged with poles of the same name facing each other and are attached in such a way that the permanent magnets are located at a fixed distance to each other. The invention further relates to a metering apparatus (1).

Description

"Valve for fluid line and metering device"

The invention relates to a valve for fluid line,

in particular for metering a fluid, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a metering device according to the

The preamble of claim 12.

From the prior art, for example, by the

DE 199 30 914 A1 a valve for dispensing a liquid

Detergent known, in which the armature has a permanent magnet, and the armature is thus displaced by external magnetic fields.

The object of the invention is to propose a valve for fluid line or a metering device, which allow improved operation.

This object is achieved on the basis of a valve or a metering device of the aforementioned type, by the characterizing features of claim 1 and of claim 12.

The measures mentioned in the dependent claims are advantageous embodiments and further developments of

Invention possible.

Accordingly, a valve according to the invention is characterized in that the armature has two permanent magnets, which are arranged facing each other with like poles and are mounted so that they are at a fixed distance to each other.

BESTÄTtGUNGSKOPIE The valve according to the invention can be used for fluid line,

in particular for metering a fluid through a

Line opening can be used through. Fluids are

Liquids or gases. The valve allows

For example, the direction of such a fluid

to interrupt or continue. By means of the valve can also targeted a certain amount of fluid through the

corresponding line opening, which can open or close the valve, are passed. This can also be achieved by opening or closing the valve for a certain time. That's it

Valve according to the invention formed bistable. The valve thus has two stable states, each corresponding to an opening state of the conduit opening, namely open or closed. The opening and closing of the conduit opening takes place in the valve according to the invention via a movable armature. "Bistable" in the sense of the invention means that the valve can be in one of the two states, without being connected, or that from the outside a corresponding control signal is given to the valve.

Further, the valve has an element which can generate a magnetic field. The generation of the magnetic field by this element serves to move the armature. In order for this to be possible, the armature comprises a device comprising magnetic material.

In a valve according to the invention, this device comprising magnetic material has two permanent magnets, which are arranged facing one another with poles of the same name. These permanent magnets are mounted so that they are always at a fixed distance to each other. The two permanent magnets thus generate a magnetic quadrupole field. If, for example, both permanent magnets are of the same design, the field lines have the following symmetries in their course:

- On the one hand, a mirror symmetry with respect to a imaginary line on which the two permanent magnets are arranged and which passes through the poles of the permanent magnets.

On the other hand, a mirror symmetry with respect to a

imaginary line best, which between the two

Permanent magnet runs and with respect to the two

Permanent magnets are arranged mirror-symmetrically.

Furthermore, there may be a point symmetry with respect to the intersection of the two imaginary lines mentioned above.

Especially with regard to the formation of a bistable valve, the use of a quadrupole field, in particular a quadrupole field with corresponding symmetries, may be advantageous since e.g. With regard to the symmetry, similar force effects can be generated on both sides of the symmetry axis in a comparatively simple manner. Especially

allows the quadrupole field that in areas between the two permanent magnets in some places virtually no field is present. With a bistable valve these can

Properties are exploited to achieve two stable states, while between both states a e.g. unstable equilibrium of forces can prevail. A bistable valve has the further advantage that

This energy can be saved because of the

Maintaining one of the stable states the valve does not need to be supplied with a permanent control signal, thereby enabling energy saving.

In principle, the use of permanent magnets can also advantageously improve the mechanical reliability of the valve. For example, the use of springs to exert a spring force on components of the valve, such as the armature can be reduced or avoided altogether. Thus, the valve can in particular

be made more corrosion resistant. In general, the permanent magnets can also be easily encapsulated. Furthermore, the use of corrosion resistant hard ferrites for the Permanent magnets possible.

Basically, an element for generating a

Magnetic field be formed differently. In addition to the

Using a permanent magnet, it may also offer to form this in one embodiment as a coil. The use of a permanent magnet, which is moved, for example, and whose magnetic field by approaching the

Permanent magnets of the armature causes a force dependent on this distance, is possible in principle. But it can

be particularly advantageous to use for generating such an external magnetic field, a coil, which is thus electrically connected. In particular, the voltage applied to the coil can be reversed and thus the direction of the

Field lines of the magnetic field are reversed. By means of a coil it is also easier to vary the field strength by adjusting the coil current, while e.g. one

Permanent magnet for generating the magnetic field must be approximated with a motor and removed to match the strength of the

Magnetic field to vary.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, both permanent magnets are fixedly secured to the anchor. This makes it possible, for example, that a force which acts as a result of the magnetic field on the permanent magnets, while also being transferred to the armature itself.

In order to be able to build a valve which is as compact as possible, it may be advantageous for at least one of the permanent magnets to be located inside the coil. If the armature with its permanent magnets is moved by the influence of the magnetic field generated by the coil, then this arrangement has the further advantage that the field lines of the magnetic field of the coil in its interior

Run largely parallel and also in the interior of the coil, a high flux density is present, ie a relatively high number of field lines pierce a unit area. This makes it possible to improve the force on the armature or act as high a force on the anchor allow. In particular, the arrangement may be configured in one embodiment of the invention so that both permanent magnets are located inside the coil. At least one of the permanent magnets can also be located in each position of the armature between the opening and closing of the conduit opening in the interior of the coil. The coil may further at least partially surround the armature.

In particular, in a development of the invention, the movable armature can be designed such that its movement extends on the axis of the coil. For example, this is

particularly advantageous when the anchor is at least partially surrounded by the coil. Here, too, particular advantages in terms of compact design and in terms of increased force on the armature are possible.

In addition, in one embodiment of the invention, the two permanent magnets may be arranged on and / or about the axis of the coil. It is particularly conceivable that the axis of the coil, the axis of the armature, the line on which the permanent magnets are arranged, and the axis of movement of the armature all coincide.

Basically, there is a bistable valve

various ways to make one of the corresponding states stable, especially when the valve is not connected, so actively trying to bring about a state from the outside. One possibility exists

For example, to attach a spring to the anchor, which presses the anchor in a particular direction. Furthermore, in principle, the weight of the armature could be chosen so that this - without the presence of a magnetic

Force up - pulled down by gravity. However, for example, the magnetic force of the permanent magnets in the uncoupled state of the

To be able to exploit valve is in a development of the invention, at least one component of magnetizable

Material or made of magnetic material.

Magnetic material, such as a permanent magnet produced itself a magnetic field and is able to

accordingly, another permanent magnet, e.g. attract or repel a permanent magnet connected to the armature. Furthermore, however, a component may also be made

be formed magnetizable material, so that align the elementary magnets of the material in the field, such as a permanent magnet, and thus a force effect between the device of magnetizable material and the permanent magnet is generated. In this way, the anchor can be held in one or two stable layers; the valve can be a bistable valve by such a measure, in each case one of the permanent magnets is just attracted by the magnetic or magnetizable component stronger, which corresponds to the corresponding state to be taken of the two bistable states.

In addition, the anchor in a variant so

be trained to be that much

Plastic injection molded part has been produced. The anchor can also, for example, from a stainless steel, from a

Alloy, be made of a composite material, etc. Therefore, it may be advantageous if the anchor a

Closing element for closing the conduit opening

having. In particular, this allows a particularly tight closure of the conduit opening. Depending on the application, the sealing material may also be correspondingly corrosion-resistant, acid- or base-resistant or temperature-insensitive. If appropriate, the closing element can also cover a part of the armature or else the entire armature on the outside in order, for example, to avoid an interaction of the anchor material with the corresponding fluid

Depending on the field of application of the valve, the anchor can be made of different materials. For example, a relatively light anchor can be made,

For example, when the coil at least partially surrounds the anchor, the recording of the coil, so the part around which the coil is wound, as well as Guide sleeve be provided for guiding the movable armature. This too is particularly advantageous with regard to the most compact possible construction.

Furthermore, a metering device for metering a fluid is characterized in that an inventive valve or an embodiment or development of this valve is provided. The valve then provides the appropriate dosage. In particular, the already mentioned advantages of the corresponding valve can then be used for the metering device.

Basically it is possible to use the valve in one

provide appropriate line. In addition, it is possible that the metering device already comprises a storage chamber for storing the fluid.

In addition, the metering device can also have a predosing chamber for portioning the fluid volume to be metered. Such a predosing chamber can have a number of advantages: for example, it allows a more accurate

Dosing the corresponding volume of fluid. Further, it allows separation of the fluid from the space located behind the conduit opening. Especially with simple or

In low-cost embodiments, it may be possible that a return flow through the conduit opening is not entirely

can be excluded. However, if a pre-metering chamber interposed, this may lead to the

Impurities of the fluid can be kept lower by reflux. In particular, therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, the storage chamber a connection to

Have pre-metering chamber.

embodiment

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described below with reference to the figure giving further advantages and details. In detail shows

Figure 1 is a schematic section through a

Dosing device according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a metering device 1 with a valve 2 and a pre-metering chamber 3. The valve 2 is designed as a bistable valve.

The predosing chambers 3 comprises a predosing container 4, which is of cylindrical design. The predosing container 4 is via an access 5 with a reservoir V

connected. The storage container V is shown cut off in Figure 1 at the top. If this reservoir V is designed, for example, as an exchange cartridge, then e.g. the metering device 1 at a designated

Place with the help of the access 5 inserted there.

Therefore, in Figure 1, the access 5 is chamfered at the

Connecting to the reservoir V e.g. one for that

intended foil to be pierced at an opening of the reservoir V can. The access 5 leads via an opening 6 into the predosing container 4.

At the other end of the cylindrical predosing container 4, a further opening 7 is provided. In FIG. 1, this becomes

7 opening straight from a trained as a ball

Separating element 8, which e.g. made of plastic. The material from which the ball 8 is made, is chosen so that in the corresponding, too

dosing fluid is buoyant. However, in principle it is also possible, the separating element by the buoyancy of a separately formed floating body

buoyant.

One application of such a metering device 1, such a valve 2 or such

Predosing chamber 3 is for example a training as

Dosing device for cleaning substances in

Household machines, such as washing machines,

Dishwashers or the like.

Accordingly, the ball 8 in this embodiment of the invention designed so that the material of which it is made, a sufficiently low density and the floatable separating element has enough buoyancy to in the corresponding metered liquid, such as a liquid

Detergent, an aqueous solution of the substance to be dosed or optionally floatable in water.

Further, the diameter of the separating element 8 is selected so that the cross section through the center of the ball 8 the

Cross section of the cylindrical Vordosierbehältnisses 4 almost corresponds. However, the diameter of the ball 8 is chosen so that it is slightly smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical container 4, so that the ball 8 can move along the axis of the cylindrical container 4, without getting stuck. Following the opening 7 is a transfer area or a valve chamber 9, which leads to the valve 2. The valve 2 itself comprises an armature 10, which in turn comprises a sealing body 11, with which an outlet opening 12 can be closed.

Consequently, the fluid line is guided in total so that the fluid to be metered from the reservoir V via the access 5 in the predosing 3, in particular in the

Vordosierbehältnis 4 passes, and thereby the plastic ball 8 can rise within the cylindrical portion 4 by the buoyancy in the fluid medium, so that this ball 8 finally reaches the opening 6 and this also depending on

Can close variant. Accordingly, the fluid can pass through the opening 7 in the valve chamber 9.

Finally, via the valve 2 to be dosed

Fluid quantity through the valve chamber 9 through the

Discharged outlet 12 and thus passes to the outside,

For example, in the interior of a household appliance. If the liquid to be metered is then conducted outward via the outlet 12, the ball 8 also sinks downwards with the fluid flow and again reaches the opening 7 which, depending on the embodiment, can also close it. Therefore, the separator 8 is sucked down in the fluid flow because there is not enough space between the separator 8 and the walls of the predosing container 4 to allow an amount of fluid to pass which would be sufficient to prevent the ball 8 from being pulled down. The armature 10 of the bistable valve 2 further comprises two permanent magnets 13 and 14, which are arranged opposite to each other. Both permanent magnets 13, 14 are firmly attached to the anchor, so they can also their particular

Do not change relative distance to each other. The armature 10 is movably mounted in a guide sleeve 15. The guide sleeve 15 is made of a non-magnetic plastic. The armature plunger 16 is, apart from the permanent magnets 13, 14 and the sealing material 11, made of the same plastic as the guide sleeve 15. The guide sleeve 15 is partially wrapped by a coil 17. In this case, the axis of the coil 17 coincides with the axis of movement of the armature 10, which is otherwise characterized by a double arrow A,

together .

The valve 2 is, as already explained, formed as a bistable valve: It therefore has two stable states in which the outlet 12 is opened or closed. In Figure 1, the armature 10 is in its upper position, i. the outlet 12 is open and the armature 10 is located at the top stop 18 of the guide sleeve 15. Further, in the guide sleeve 15 is a ring 19 of magnetizable material (e.g., iron or magnetizable stainless steel).

brought in. The center axis of this magnetizable ring 19 also coincides with the axis of movement A of the armature 10. Above the stop region 18 is a metal ball 20 made of magnetizable iron / steel in a residence volume 21. This residence volume 21 is likewise approximately cylindrical. The metal ball 20 can move substantially freely therein (apart from magnetic

Attractions). The residence volume 21 is formed by a molded plastic tub. Will the whole

Dosing device 1, for example, shaken or shaken in any other way, so the metal ball 20 moves accordingly freely within the residence volume 21. In particular, the constraints are by the

Staying volume 21 is selected so that the metal ball 20 is vertical, i. can move up and down in the direction of A.

The operation of the valve can be as follows to be illustrated:

First of all, it is assumed that the coil 17 is not traversed by a current, so even generates no magnetic field. By the two along the axis A opposite pole to each other directed permanent magnets 13, 14 is a

Quadrupole field generated, which also with respect to the axis A vertically through the center of the permanent magnets (im

Essentially) is symmetrical. Assuming that the armature 10 is initially in the down position, i. closes the outlet 12, this is a stable state, since in this case the permanent magnet 14 and the field generated by him magnetized the iron of the ring 19 and the resulting force action holds the armature 10 in this position, the coil 17 for this

Consideration should not be flowed through by a stream. The valve 2 is designed with respect to the iron masses of the ring 19, the ball 20, the strength of the permanent magnets 13, 14 and in terms of size and spacing conditions of the entire valve 2, that this state

initially stable, unless the coil is traversed by a current and generates a magnetic field and also independent of the current position of the iron ball 20th

Now it is possible for the coil 17 to be so from a current

flow through it, thereby generating such a strong and so directed magnetic field, which runs in the interior of the coil practically parallel to the movement axis A, that the armature 10 can be torn from its previous position and moved upward in the direction of the stopper 18. Is the metal ball 20, as shown in Figure 1, below, i. in the direction of the stop 18, so their material is also magnetized by the field of anchor magnets.

Now, if no voltage is applied to the coil 17 and therefore no longer flowed through by a current, it ceases to generate a magnetic field. The valve 2 is, however, in terms of iron masses 19, 20 and its

Distances and the strength of the permanent magnets 13, 14 so

in that the attractive force between the armature and the magnetized iron ball 20 is sufficient to allow the armature 10 in its second stable, open position at the stop 18 to hold up. However, this state (position of the armature in the open state) is stable only as long as the ball 20 is located at the lower stop 22 of the common room.

If, for example, the metering device 1 is shaken by a sharp blow, by a corresponding acceleration or the like (for example, during the transport of the

Dosing device), so that the ball 20 loses its contact with the support surface 22 and thus from the

Permanent magnets 13 of the armature farther away, so the force between the ball 20 and the field of the permanent magnet

13 of the anchor is no longer off to the anchor at the top stop

18, so that, attracted by gravity or by the attraction between the permanent magnet

14 and the magnetizable ring 19 along the

Moving direction is pulled down and thus the

Outlet 12 closes again.

Is the ball 20 in position on the

Support surface 22 and is still the armature 10 in the upper, open position, ie the stop 18, but the valve can also be closed again by a voltage in the opposite direction with respect to the above voltage to the coil 17 is applied and the thus one

Magnetic field generates the anchor from its previous one

Detached position again and transported down so that it closes the outlet 12 again. In operation of the

Dosing device or the valve, this is the operational closure of the conduit opening 12, as generally not from such shocks or only in special

Applications can be expected. If the voltage applied to the coil 17, then immediately switched off again, the attraction between the permanent magnet 14 and the ring 19 is sufficient again to continue the anchor in a

closed position of the outlet 12 to keep in a stable position.

Would you go out, for example, from a Dosierausgang 12 occlusive state of the armature (ie in the lower position), this would initially stable by the

Interaction between the permanent magnet 14 and the ring

19 held. Next, assume that in this Situation, the metal ball 20 is lying on the support surface 22. Would you now purely mechanically, without applying to the coil 17 a voltage, the armature 10 against the force acting between the permanent magnet 14 and the ring 19, the armature 10 push up against the stop 18, the attraction would between the Metal ball 20 and the permanent magnet 13 are sufficient to this in a

stable position.

The advantage of this design is that the

Dosing device is always closed, especially during transport usually. If the metering device is shaken, this has the consequence that the metal ball 20 moves within the common room 21. If the coil 17 does not generate a magnetic field at this moment, then the only stable state is the one in which the armature 10 closes the outlet 12, at least when the vibrations are not so great that, if necessary, the entire metering device can be destroyed.

So would you, for example, in a state in which the coil 17 is not traversed by a current and a

Magnetic field generated, and in which the valve 2 would be open, so would a sufficient vibration, for example by removing the metering device 1 from her

Operating area, the ball 20 moves within the common room 21 and thus the valve is closed. This leads to a significant increase in security with the

Metering device 1 is connected, since with the valve closed no fluid can pass through the outlet 12 to the outside.

As for switching the valve 2 between open and

closed state there are only two stable states

(Bistable), which can be held even in de-energized state of the coil 17, are therefore only current pulses necessary to switch the valve 2, which flow through the coil 17 and thus a magnetic field that is sufficient for switching the valve, are required for a short time.

The metering device 1 is oriented in the operating position so that the outlet in the direction of gravity below or the access 5 to the reservoir in the direction of gravity above lies .

Incidentally, not only the entirety of the features of the embodiment shown in the drawing forms a

Invention, but also individual features or combinations of individual features can own inventions

form.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 dosing device

2 valve

3 pre-metering chamber

4 pre-dosage container

5 access

6 opening

7 opening

8 separating element

9 valve chamber

10 anchors

11 sealing body

12 dosing spout

13 permanent magnet

14 permanent magnet

15 guide sleeve

16 anchor tappets

17 coil

18 upper stop

19 magnetizable ring

20 magnetizable metal ball

21 lounge

22 bottom stop / support surface A movement axis

V reservoir

Claims

Claims:

1. Valve (2) for fluid line, in particular for metering a fluid, through a conduit opening (12) therethrough, wherein the valve bistable with two opening states of

Conduit opening is formed, comprising:

a movable armature (10) for opening and closing the conduit opening,

comprising a device comprising magnetic material,

an element (17) for generating a magnetic field and for moving the armature,

characterized in that the magnetic material

comprehensive device two permanent magnets (13, 14)

has, which are arranged facing each other with like poles and are mounted so that they are located at a fixed distance to each other.

2. Valve (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the element for generating a

Magnetic field is formed as a coil (17).

3. Valve (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two permanent magnets (13, 14) fixedly secured to the armature (10).

4. Valve (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the permanent magnets (13, 14) is located in the interior of the coil (17).

5. Valve (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable armature (10) is formed so that its movement (A) extends on the axis of the coil.

6. Valve (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two permanent magnets are arranged on and / or about the axis of the coil.

7. Valve (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one component (19, 20) of magnetizable material or of magnetic material is provided.

8. Valve (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the components (19, 20) of magnetizable or magnetic material in the direction of the axis of the coil in front of and / or behind the area in which the two permanent magnets of Anchor are arranged, is attached.

9. Valve (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the components (19, 20) of magnetizable or magnetic material in the direction of the axis of the coil in the amount of one of the two permanent magnets is mounted when the anchor is in one of both

Positions is that correspond to an opening state of the valve.

10. Valve (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature has a closing element (11) for closing the conduit opening (12).

11. Valve (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a guide sleeve (15) for guiding the movable armature (10) is provided - around which the coil (17) is wound.

12. metering device (1) for metering a fluid, characterized in that at least one valve (2) is provided according to one of the preceding claims for metering.

13. metering device (1) according to one of the aforementioned

Claims, characterized in that a predosing chamber (3) is provided for portioning a volume of fluid to be metered.

14. Dosing device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a storage chamber for storing the fluid is present, which has a connection (5) to the pre-metering chamber (3).