WO2011033264A4 - Detection of objects - Google Patents

Detection of objects Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011033264A4
WO2011033264A4 PCT/GB2010/001744 GB2010001744W WO2011033264A4 WO 2011033264 A4 WO2011033264 A4 WO 2011033264A4 GB 2010001744 W GB2010001744 W GB 2010001744W WO 2011033264 A4 WO2011033264 A4 WO 2011033264A4
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation
polarisation
detection method
target
detected
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2010/001744
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2011033264A1 (en
Inventor
Nicholas Bowring
David Andrews
Nacer Ddine Rezgui
Stuart Harmer
Original Assignee
Manchester Metropolitan University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manchester Metropolitan University filed Critical Manchester Metropolitan University
Priority to CN2010800520523A priority Critical patent/CN102713665A/en
Priority to AU2010297077A priority patent/AU2010297077B2/en
Priority to EP10768794.9A priority patent/EP2478386B1/en
Priority to US13/496,646 priority patent/US9335407B2/en
Priority to CA2774436A priority patent/CA2774436C/en
Publication of WO2011033264A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011033264A1/en
Publication of WO2011033264A4 publication Critical patent/WO2011033264A4/en
Priority to ZA2012/02816A priority patent/ZA201202816B/en
Priority to US15/130,734 priority patent/US10067226B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/887—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/04—Systems determining presence of a target
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • G01S13/34—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
    • G01S13/343—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal using sawtooth modulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
    • G01S7/025—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects involving the transmission of linearly polarised waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
    • G01S7/026—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects involving the transmission of elliptically or circularly polarised waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/411—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/411—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity
    • G01S7/412—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity based on a comparison between measured values and known or stored values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/414—Discriminating targets with respect to background clutter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/417—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section involving the use of neural networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/885—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for ground probing

Abstract

A detection method comprising directing radiation such that it is incident upon a target, the radiation containing a component having a first polarisation and a component having a second orthogonal polarisation, detecting radiation which is scattered from the target, and analysing the polarisation state of the detected scattered radiation to determine whether the target includes an object.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 04 April 2011 (04.04.11)
1. A detection method comprising directing radiation such that it is incident upon a target, the radiation containing a component having a first polarisation, and detecting radiation which is scattered from the target;
separately transmitting radiation such that it is incident upon the target, the separately transmitted radiation containing a component having a different polarisation which is non-orthogonal to the first polarisation, and detecting the separately transmitted radiation which is scattered from the target; and
analysing the polarisation state of the detected scattered radiation to determine whether the target includes an object.
2. The detection method of claim 1 , wherein the analysis comprises comparing the polarisation states of the detected scattered radiation with polarisation states of scattered radiation which would be expected if an object was present.
3. The detection method of any preceding claim, wherein the radiation is swept frequency radiation.
4. The detection method of claim 3, wherein the analysis comprises comparing a pattern in the frequency response of the detected scattered radiation with previously recorded patterns, or performing an equivalent comparison in the time domain.
5. The detection method of any preceding claim, wherein the analysis determines whether the object is a threat object or a non-threat object.
6. The detection method of any preceding claim, wherein the analysis provides an identification of the object.
7. The detection method of any preceding claim, wherein the detected scattered radiation is cross-polarised scattered radiation.
8. The detection method of any preceding claim, wherein the radiation is provided with a rotating linear polarisation,
9. The detection method of claim 8, wherein the radiation is detected using a receiver which provides rotating detection of linear polarisation.
10. The detection method of claim 8, wherein the radiation is detected using a first receiver configured to receive radiation having a first linear polarisation and a second receiver configured to receive radiation having a second linear polarisation.
11. The detection method of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the radiation is generated using a first transmitter configured to transmit radiation having a first linear polarisation and is subsequently generated using a second transmitter configured to transmit radiation having a second linear polarisation.
12. The detection method of claim 11 , wherein the radiation is detected using a first receiver configured to receive radiation having a third linear polarisation and a second receiver configured to receive radiation having a fourth linear polarisation.
13. The detection method of claim 12, wherein the third linear polarisation is substantially orthogonal to the first linear polarisation and the fourth linear polarisation is substantially orthogonal to the second linear polarisation.
14. The detection method of claim 11, wherein the second linear polarisation subtends an angle of around 45' relative to the first linear polarisation.
15. The detection method of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the radiation is generated using a transmitter with transmits circularly or elliptically polarised radiation.
16. The detection method of claim 15, wherein the detected scattered radiation is received by a receiver which is configured to receive radiation having the same handedness of polarisation as the transmitted radiation.
17. The detection method of any preceding claim, wherein the swept frequency radiation comprises radiation which is stepped through a plurality of discrete frequencies.
18. The detection method of any preceding claim, wherein the analysis of the detected scattered radiation does not include phase information.
19. The detection method of any preceding claim, wherein the analysis of the detected scattered radiation includes phase information.
20. The detection method of any preceding claim, wherein the analysis is performed using an artificial neural network or equivalent software which has been previously trained to identify patterns from previously detected objects.
21. A detection system comprising a transmitter configured to direct radiation containing a component having a first polarisation such that it is incident upon a target, the transmitter being configured to separately direct radiation such that it is incident upon the target, the separately directed radiation containing a component having a different polarisation which is non-orthogonal to the first polarisation, wherein the detection system further comprises a receiver and detector configured to receive and detect radiation which is scattered from the target, and a processor which is configured to analyse the polarisation state of the detected scattered radiation to determine whether the target includes an object.
22. The detection system of claim 21 , wherein the detection system is sufficiently portable that it may be used in a hand held manner. , The detection system of claim 21 or claim 22, further configured to implement the detection method of any of claims 1 to 20,

Statement

Independent method claim 1 has been amended to refer to transmitting radiation containing a component having a first polarisation and to refer to transmitting radiation containing a component having a different polarisation which is non-orthogonal to the first polarisation. These amendments address the objections raised in the Written Opinion of the ISA with regard to novelty or inventiveness relative to documents cited in the ISA.

Independent system claim 21 has similarly been amended to specify that the transmitter is configured to direct radiation containing a component having a first polarisation and to separately direct radiation containing a component having a different polarisation which is non-orthogonal to the first polarisation. These amendments similarly address the objections raised in the Written Opinion of the ISA with regard to novelty or inventiveness relative to documents cited in the ISA.

The other claims may rely on claims 1 and 21 for their novelty and inventiveness.

PCT/GB2010/001744 2009-09-17 2010-09-17 Detection of objects WO2011033264A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2010800520523A CN102713665A (en) 2009-09-17 2010-09-17 Detection of objects
AU2010297077A AU2010297077B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2010-09-17 Detection of objects
EP10768794.9A EP2478386B1 (en) 2009-09-17 2010-09-17 Detection of objects
US13/496,646 US9335407B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2010-09-17 Detection of objects
CA2774436A CA2774436C (en) 2009-09-17 2010-09-17 Detection of objects
ZA2012/02816A ZA201202816B (en) 2009-09-17 2012-04-17 Detection of objects
US15/130,734 US10067226B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2016-04-15 Detection of objects

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0916300.7A GB0916300D0 (en) 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 Remote detection of bladed objects
GB0916300.7 2009-09-17

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/496,646 A-371-Of-International US9335407B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2010-09-17 Detection of objects
US15/130,734 Continuation US10067226B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2016-04-15 Detection of objects

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011033264A1 WO2011033264A1 (en) 2011-03-24
WO2011033264A4 true WO2011033264A4 (en) 2011-05-26

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2010/001744 WO2011033264A1 (en) 2009-09-17 2010-09-17 Detection of objects

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US9335407B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2478386B1 (en)
CN (2) CN107390212A (en)
AU (1) AU2010297077B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2774436C (en)
GB (2) GB0916300D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2011033264A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201202816B (en)

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US10067226B2 (en) 2018-09-04
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CA2774436A1 (en) 2011-03-24
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US9335407B2 (en) 2016-05-10
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