WO2011042589A1 - Method and device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code - Google Patents

Method and device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011042589A1
WO2011042589A1 PCT/FI2009/050797 FI2009050797W WO2011042589A1 WO 2011042589 A1 WO2011042589 A1 WO 2011042589A1 FI 2009050797 W FI2009050797 W FI 2009050797W WO 2011042589 A1 WO2011042589 A1 WO 2011042589A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
text
parallel code
code
colours
words
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2009/050797
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Heikki Paakkinen
Original Assignee
Heikki Paakkinen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heikki Paakkinen filed Critical Heikki Paakkinen
Priority to PCT/FI2009/050797 priority Critical patent/WO2011042589A1/en
Publication of WO2011042589A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011042589A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
    • G09B19/06—Foreign languages
    • G09B19/08—Printed or written appliances, e.g. text books, bilingual letter assemblies, charts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/10—Text processing
    • G06F40/166—Editing, e.g. inserting or deleting
    • G06F40/169—Annotation, e.g. comment data or footnotes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/20—Natural language analysis
    • G06F40/253—Grammatical analysis; Style critique

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a method and device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code.
  • colour codes for example, in electronic dictionaries and computer programs for carrying out automatic translations from one language to another.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a method and device by means of which a new type of parallel code can be produced, which is a simplified language common to all languages and can only be "written", not spoken.
  • a parallel code in conjunction with or in place of the graphic characters, the code expressing words and/or meanings with colours, from which can be read and/or understood the same or condensed subject matter as from the text.
  • the parallel code according to the invention can be perceived by sight.
  • the parallel code can be implemented, for example, by writing the letters of words with different colours or by colouring the backgrounds of letters or the areas adjacent to letters or the areas above or below the letters with different colours.
  • the colours chosen and their order correspond to a predetermined word or meaning. Special significance can be given to the location of the colours with respect to the word, that is, whether the first, second or third letter of the word is in question and whether the colour code is at the beginning or end of the word or at both the beginning and end.
  • the parallel code is thus based on colours used in the letters of the text, or alternatively instead of the text, the colours forming different combinations.
  • Each combination (certain colours in certain order) refers to a specific concept or structural property of language.
  • the colour does not refer to a letter.
  • the letters themselves may be in colour, or alternatively the letters may be provided with underlining or highlighting in different colours, coloured dots or coloured letter backgrounds, etc.
  • a computer program is designed for producing the colour coding which codes the text with a specific system common to different languages.
  • the same code system is also used for different writing systems.
  • a text coded according to the invention comprises the same subject matter expressed in "readable"/understandable parallel code.
  • the parallel code can be used to communicate, for example, by consecutively pointing at colours in the environment or on a colour chart (comparable to sign language)
  • the first part of the code of a word may determine, for example, the word class
  • the aim of the parallel code according to the invention is to facilitate understanding and intercommunication between people belonging to different cultures and speaking different languages. People will be able to understand texts written by one another without studying languages and without an interpreter.
  • the parallel code according to the invention can be produced with a device, whose block diagram in principle is shown in the appended Figure (Fig. 1).
  • the device according to Figure 1 comprises text source 1, which is, for example, a scanner or a keyboard and by means of which the coded text is fed into the memory of a computer 2.
  • the computer program is programmed to code the text with a specific system of signs, that is, a parallel code, com- mon to all languages according to the principles described above and discussed below. Subsequent to this coding, on the display 3 and/or the printer 4 is produced a parallel code corresponding to the text by means of colours.
  • the parallel code can thus be perceived by sight and it expresses the words and/or meanings of the original text in such a way that the subject matter of the original text, or its summary, is readable and/or understandable from the parallel code.
  • a sound signal device 5 may also be used to facilitate understanding of the parallel code or to supplement the code by adding meanings to it.
  • a maximum of, for example, fourteen different colours can be used for producing the parallel code.
  • Nouns and proper names may be coded, for example, with a three-colour code in such a way that a certain colour begins the words of a particular noun group and the next two colours (choice of colour and order) specify a certain number of the most important nouns literally.
  • the most important nouns may have a two-colour code, in which case fourteen of the most important nouns (e.g. water, nature, fire, work, food, air, father, mother, child, home, drink, friend, day, night) can be expressed with fourteen colours.
  • the 196 next most important nouns are expressed with a three-colour code.
  • verbs may be done, for example, in such a way that the first colour expresses the subject, the next colours specify the word and the last colour expresses the tense and mood.
  • the verb "be" has no word code, only a person and a tense/mood.
  • the fourteen most important verbs are chosen to be expressed with a two-colour code and the following hundred verbs with a three-colour code.
  • the following thousand verbs may be expressed with a four-colour code.
  • Grammatical cases, prepositions and postpositions may be expressed by always using particular colours at the end of a word. In the first part of the word may be another code part.
  • Adjectives may also be expressed by choosing a particular colour for the beginning of the word.
  • the fourteen most important adjectives may be expressed with a two-colour code.
  • As the code for a comparative may be chosen, for example orange and as the code for a superlative may be chosen red. This code part comes last in the code. Red and orange are not used as the final code colour in three- or four-colour adjectives.
  • Particles can be given their specific colour codes according to the same principles.
  • Pronouns may be coded in such a way that the colour of personal pronouns is the same as the code colour for person in verb conjugation.
  • colour codes may be used a sound signal code, in which the pitch of two, three of more successive sound signals, a possible vibrato and the duration code words and meanings in the same manner as colours do.
  • a colour keyboard which only produces colours without the letters. Compact information can thus be produced without language.
  • the parallel code according to the invention can also be produced text messages and e-mails by using colour dots.
  • the parallel code according to the invention can also be used to communicate with colour-lights, for example, in advertisements or with the visually impaired. Colour-lights can also be used to communicate more versatile information than presently even over a great distance.
  • the parallel code according to the invention in a search engine is par- ticularly advantageous because it makes possible searching for information simultaneously in all the coded languages.
  • the subtitling of films can be replaced by the colour code according to the invention.
  • the parallel code can also be used for coding speech automatically or manually on a colour display to enhance the message.
  • the parallel code can also be used in directional signing and signboards. Coding written text with the parallel code according to the invention makes possible a more diverse and efficient use of the brain in interpreting text. Different parts of the brain process different types of information and work in co-operation.
  • a text is coded with a parallel code, the same information is added to it processed in a grammatically different manner and additionally in colour.
  • the code may be implemented according to the same principle also as different pitches and as a combination of colour and sound. A person may produce sound signals corresponding to the parallel code with his/her voice.
  • the structure of a parallel code is grammatically different, simpler, more logical and easier to understand than the structure of the reader's mother tongue.
  • a person uses his/her senses in a more diversified manner and in addition receives the same subject matter simultaneously in "two languages”.
  • the brain naturally balances the incoming messages in the most suitable manner and the message is delivered rapidly and more memorably.
  • the method makes possible the optimal functioning of the different brain structures of different people. For example, the lack of graphic perception will not form an obstacle to reading.
  • the method also enables different groups of the disabled to assimilate text since the brain will be able to func- tion via a detour in case a function is limited.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code. In addition to or instead of producing graphic characters is machine produced a parallel code in conjunction with the graphic characters or under them, which expresses words and/or mean¬ ings with colours. From the parallel code can be read and/or understood the same or condensed subject matter as from the text.

Description

Method and device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code
The object of the invention is a method and device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code.
From the patent publication EP 0 113 720 Bl is known a visual communication system which produces the alphabet in a colour code. This known system is not, however, a parallel code, which is a simplified language common to all languages. This known system merely replaces the alphabet of ordinary spoken language with a colour code.
It is also previously known to use colour codes, for example, in electronic dictionaries and computer programs for carrying out automatic translations from one language to another.
The aim of the invention is to provide a method and device by means of which a new type of parallel code can be produced, which is a simplified language common to all languages and can only be "written", not spoken.
This aim is achieved by means of the method disclosed in the appended claim 1 and also by means of the device disclosed in claim 5.
In the method, in addition to or instead of producing graphic characters is machine produced a parallel code in conjunction with or in place of the graphic characters, the code expressing words and/or meanings with colours, from which can be read and/or understood the same or condensed subject matter as from the text. The parallel code according to the invention can be perceived by sight.
The parallel code can be implemented, for example, by writing the letters of words with different colours or by colouring the backgrounds of letters or the areas adjacent to letters or the areas above or below the letters with different colours. The colours chosen and their order correspond to a predetermined word or meaning. Special significance can be given to the location of the colours with respect to the word, that is, whether the first, second or third letter of the word is in question and whether the colour code is at the beginning or end of the word or at both the beginning and end.
The parallel code is thus based on colours used in the letters of the text, or alternatively instead of the text, the colours forming different combinations. Each combination (certain colours in certain order) refers to a specific concept or structural property of language. The colour does not refer to a letter. The letters themselves may be in colour, or alternatively the letters may be provided with underlining or highlighting in different colours, coloured dots or coloured letter backgrounds, etc.
A computer program is designed for producing the colour coding which codes the text with a specific system common to different languages. The same code system is also used for different writing systems. In addition to the conventional text, a text coded according to the invention comprises the same subject matter expressed in "readable"/understandable parallel code.
A person will learn the parallel code subconsciously while reading a text with parallel coding in colour in his/her mother tongue. Having learned the parallel code with sufficient broadness, he/she will be able to understand texts written in a foreign language, even by a different writing system, relatively well without having any knowledge of the language in question. If a person understands a language read to some extent, the parallel code will help to understand the contents of the text and to memorize rarer words. The following is a list of the most significant properties of the parallel code:
- it is read and understood, but not spoken in the normal manner
- the code is international
- the code is neutral; it is not culture-bound
- an individual coding program is designed for each language to be
coded
- the parallel code can be used to communicate, for example, by consecutively pointing at colours in the environment or on a colour chart (comparable to sign language)
- a program producing the parallel code does not actually aim at interpreting a text into another spoken language
- the parallel code concerns concepts and a selection of the most important words
- the parallel code is produced in the same direction as the writing direction of the language being coded
- the main aspects of the structure of the language and the most important words are given a short code in 1-3 colours
- the first part of the code of a word may determine, for example, the word class
- unnecessary words are not coded
- helps in learning foreign languages
- helps in conceptualising a text and thus speeds up reading. The aim of the parallel code according to the invention is to facilitate understanding and intercommunication between people belonging to different cultures and speaking different languages. People will be able to understand texts written by one another without studying languages and without an interpreter.
The parallel code according to the invention can be produced with a device, whose block diagram in principle is shown in the appended Figure (Fig. 1). The device according to Figure 1 comprises text source 1, which is, for example, a scanner or a keyboard and by means of which the coded text is fed into the memory of a computer 2. The computer program is programmed to code the text with a specific system of signs, that is, a parallel code, com- mon to all languages according to the principles described above and discussed below. Subsequent to this coding, on the display 3 and/or the printer 4 is produced a parallel code corresponding to the text by means of colours. The parallel code can thus be perceived by sight and it expresses the words and/or meanings of the original text in such a way that the subject matter of the original text, or its summary, is readable and/or understandable from the parallel code. If so desired, a sound signal device 5 may also be used to facilitate understanding of the parallel code or to supplement the code by adding meanings to it. A maximum of, for example, fourteen different colours can be used for producing the parallel code. Nouns and proper names may be coded, for example, with a three-colour code in such a way that a certain colour begins the words of a particular noun group and the next two colours (choice of colour and order) specify a certain number of the most important nouns literally. The most important nouns may have a two-colour code, in which case fourteen of the most important nouns (e.g. water, nature, fire, work, food, air, father, mother, child, home, drink, friend, day, night) can be expressed with fourteen colours. The 196 next most important nouns are expressed with a three-colour code.
The coding of verbs may be done, for example, in such a way that the first colour expresses the subject, the next colours specify the word and the last colour expresses the tense and mood. The verb "be" has no word code, only a person and a tense/mood. In this case also, the fourteen most important verbs are chosen to be expressed with a two-colour code and the following hundred verbs with a three-colour code. The following thousand verbs may be expressed with a four-colour code. Grammatical cases, prepositions and postpositions may be expressed by always using particular colours at the end of a word. In the first part of the word may be another code part. Adjectives may also be expressed by choosing a particular colour for the beginning of the word. The fourteen most important adjectives may be expressed with a two-colour code. As the code for a comparative may be chosen, for example orange and as the code for a superlative may be chosen red. This code part comes last in the code. Red and orange are not used as the final code colour in three- or four-colour adjectives.
Particles can be given their specific colour codes according to the same principles. Pronouns may be coded in such a way that the colour of personal pronouns is the same as the code colour for person in verb conjugation.
In addition to colour codes may be used a sound signal code, in which the pitch of two, three of more successive sound signals, a possible vibrato and the duration code words and meanings in the same manner as colours do. In implementing the invention can be used, for example, a colour keyboard which only produces colours without the letters. Compact information can thus be produced without language. By means of the parallel code according to the invention can also be produced text messages and e-mails by using colour dots. The parallel code according to the invention can also be used to communicate with colour-lights, for example, in advertisements or with the visually impaired. Colour-lights can also be used to communicate more versatile information than presently even over a great distance.
Using the parallel code according to the invention in a search engine is par- ticularly advantageous because it makes possible searching for information simultaneously in all the coded languages. The subtitling of films can be replaced by the colour code according to the invention. The parallel code can also be used for coding speech automatically or manually on a colour display to enhance the message. The parallel code can also be used in directional signing and signboards. Coding written text with the parallel code according to the invention makes possible a more diverse and efficient use of the brain in interpreting text. Different parts of the brain process different types of information and work in co-operation. When a text is coded with a parallel code, the same information is added to it processed in a grammatically different manner and additionally in colour. The code may be implemented according to the same principle also as different pitches and as a combination of colour and sound. A person may produce sound signals corresponding to the parallel code with his/her voice.
When a person reads a text written in his/her mother tongue, which is in addition coded, he/she is able to receive information with his/her perception (text), colour vision (colour code) and possibly also hearing (sound code).
The structure of a parallel code is grammatically different, simpler, more logical and easier to understand than the structure of the reader's mother tongue. When reading, a person uses his/her senses in a more diversified manner and in addition receives the same subject matter simultaneously in "two languages". The brain naturally balances the incoming messages in the most suitable manner and the message is delivered rapidly and more memorably.
The method makes possible the optimal functioning of the different brain structures of different people. For example, the lack of graphic perception will not form an obstacle to reading. The method also enables different groups of the disabled to assimilate text since the brain will be able to func- tion via a detour in case a function is limited.

Claims

Claims
1. A method for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code, characterised in that in addition to or instead of producing graphic characters is machine produced a parallel code in conjunction with or in place of the graphic characters, the code expressing words and/or meanings with colours, from which can be read and/or understood the same or condensed subject matter as from the text, and that at least a part of the parallel code is implemented by writing the letters in words with different colours or by colouring the backgrounds of letters or the areas adjacent to letters or the areas above or below the letters with different colours, the colours and their order corresponding to a predetermined word or meaning.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the location of the colours in conjunction with the words of the text, especially at the beginning or end of words, has a predetermined meaning.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that certain colours, their order or location in conjunction with the words of the text, ex- presses the grammatical content in simplified form.
4. A method as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the parallel code is produced in conjunction with the text by means of a computer program which is preprogrammed so that specific colours of the parallel code in a particular order refer to a predetermined word or subject, which is at the corresponding point in the text to be provided with parallel coding.
5. A device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code, the device comprising a text source (1) for feeding text into the memory of a computer (2), characterised by a computer program which is programmed to code the text with a specific system of signs, that is, a parallel code, common to all languages, and by a display (3) and/or a printer (4) with which is produced a parallel code in conjunction with the text using colours, which parallel code can be perceived by sight simultaneously with the text and which expresses the words and/or meanings of the original text in such a way that the subject matter of the original text, or its summary, is readable and/or understandable from the parallel code.
6. A device as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the text source (1) comprises a colour keyboard which produces only colours without letters on the display and/or the printer, in which case the device produces compact information without language.
7. The use of the parallel code produced according to the method of claim 1 and the device according to claim 5 in a search engine for searching informa- tion simultaneously in all or the desired coded languages.
PCT/FI2009/050797 2009-10-05 2009-10-05 Method and device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code WO2011042589A1 (en)

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PCT/FI2009/050797 WO2011042589A1 (en) 2009-10-05 2009-10-05 Method and device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code

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PCT/FI2009/050797 WO2011042589A1 (en) 2009-10-05 2009-10-05 Method and device for expressing concepts in a written text by using a parallel code

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5309359A (en) * 1990-08-16 1994-05-03 Boris Katz Method and apparatus for generating and utlizing annotations to facilitate computer text retrieval
US20040076932A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2004-04-22 Yong-Seok Jeong Multi-purpose visual-language system based on braille
US20040243395A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2004-12-02 Holtran Technology Ltd. Method and system for processing, storing, retrieving and presenting information with an extendable interface for natural and artificial languages
WO2008062258A1 (en) * 2006-11-24 2008-05-29 Carlos De Jesus Jaramillo Mari Applications for light (photic digital sound and images alphanumeric artificial language)

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5309359A (en) * 1990-08-16 1994-05-03 Boris Katz Method and apparatus for generating and utlizing annotations to facilitate computer text retrieval
US20040076932A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2004-04-22 Yong-Seok Jeong Multi-purpose visual-language system based on braille
US20040243395A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2004-12-02 Holtran Technology Ltd. Method and system for processing, storing, retrieving and presenting information with an extendable interface for natural and artificial languages
WO2008062258A1 (en) * 2006-11-24 2008-05-29 Carlos De Jesus Jaramillo Mari Applications for light (photic digital sound and images alphanumeric artificial language)

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Wikipedia article: International Auxiliary Language", 27 September 2009 (2009-09-27), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_auxiliary_language&oldid=316455100> [retrieved on 20100611] *
"Wikipedia article: Solresol", 1 September 2009 (2009-09-01), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solresol&oldid=311208133> [retrieved on 20100614] *
"Wikipedia article: Syntax Highlighting", 3 July 2009 (2009-07-03), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Syntax_highlighting&oldid=299974639> [retrieved on 20100611] *

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