WO2011089540A1 - Appareil utilisé pour influer sur le rythme biologique d'une personne - Google Patents

Appareil utilisé pour influer sur le rythme biologique d'une personne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011089540A1
WO2011089540A1 PCT/IB2011/050172 IB2011050172W WO2011089540A1 WO 2011089540 A1 WO2011089540 A1 WO 2011089540A1 IB 2011050172 W IB2011050172 W IB 2011050172W WO 2011089540 A1 WO2011089540 A1 WO 2011089540A1
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Prior art keywords
person
affecting
personal information
pattern
actual personal
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PCT/IB2011/050172
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English (en)
Inventor
Roy Raymann
Henriette Van Vugt
Vincentius Paulus Buil
Geert Henricus Maria Christiaansen
Johan Partomo Djajadiningrat
Cristina Ferraz Rigo
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
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Publication of WO2011089540A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011089540A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/0618—Psychological treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
    • H05B47/115—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining the presence or movement of objects or living beings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
    • A61M2021/0005—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus
    • A61M2021/0044—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus by the sight sense
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3303—Using a biosensor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3306—Optical measuring means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3368—Temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/35—Communication
    • A61M2205/3576—Communication with non implanted data transmission devices, e.g. using external transmitter or receiver
    • A61M2205/3584—Communication with non implanted data transmission devices, e.g. using external transmitter or receiver using modem, internet or bluetooth
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    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
    • A61M2205/502—User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
    • A61M2205/505—Touch-screens; Virtual keyboard or keypads; Virtual buttons; Soft keys; Mouse touches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
    • A61M2205/8206—Internal energy supply devices battery-operated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M2209/00—Ancillary equipment
    • A61M2209/08—Supports for equipment
    • A61M2209/088—Supports for equipment on the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
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    • A61M2230/62—Posture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/63—Motion, e.g. physical activity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
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    • A61N2005/0627—Dose monitoring systems and methods
    • A61N2005/0628—Dose monitoring systems and methods including a radiation sensor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N2005/0635—Radiation therapy using light characterised by the body area to be irradiated
    • A61N2005/0643—Applicators, probes irradiating specific body areas in close proximity
    • A61N2005/0645—Applicators worn by the patient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N2005/0635—Radiation therapy using light characterised by the body area to be irradiated
    • A61N2005/0643—Applicators, probes irradiating specific body areas in close proximity
    • A61N2005/0645—Applicators worn by the patient
    • A61N2005/0647—Applicators worn by the patient the applicator adapted to be worn on the head
    • A61N2005/0648—Applicators worn by the patient the applicator adapted to be worn on the head the light being directed to the eyes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61N2005/065—Light sources therefor
    • A61N2005/0651—Diodes
    • A61N2005/0652—Arrays of diodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61N2005/0664—Details
    • A61N2005/0667—Filters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus, a method and a computer program for influencing a biological rhythm of a person.
  • US 5,304,212 discloses a method for modifying the human and endogenous circadian pacemaker.
  • the method comprises the steps of determining the characteristics of a desired endogenous circadian cycle for a person and selecting an appropriate time with respect to the presumed phase of physiological markers of the present endogenous circadian cycle for the person during which to apply a light stimulus to effect a desired modification of the present endogenous circadian cycle of the person.
  • the light stimulus is applied at the selected appropriate time to achieve the desired endogenous circadian cycle for the person.
  • an apparatus for influencing a biological rhythm of a person comprising:
  • an initial affecting pattern providing device for providing an affecting pattern defining the kind of affecting the person by the person affecting device
  • an actual personal information providing device for providing actual personal information of the person
  • an affecting pattern adaptation device for adapting the affecting pattern to the provided actual personal information
  • control device for controlling the person affecting device depending on the adapted affecting pattern such that the biological rhythm of the person is influenced.
  • the affecting pattern which defines how the person should be affected by the person affecting device, can dynamically be adjusted to the actual personal situation of the person.
  • the affecting pattern can be adjusted in accordance with environmental changes experienced during a day or changes of other personal information. This allows the apparatus to dynamically influence the biological rhythm of the person depending on actual personal information. Since the affecting pattern can therefore always be updated, the quality of affecting the person and, thus, of influencing the biological rhythm of the person can be improved.
  • Personal information is information which is related to the person.
  • personal information is the flight plan of a flight used by the person, in particular, flight delay times; environmental properties like the intensity and/or wavelengths of the environmental light to which the person is exposed; body properties like the body temperature; a sleep or wake state of the person; the body posture, the heart rate or the melatonin level of the person; the ambient temperature; the degree of activity; the current time zone known from a database and a localization system like GPS; et cetera.
  • the affecting pattern preferentially defines how the person should be influenced.
  • the affecting pattern defines at which times the person should be affected by which means.
  • the affecting pattern can define at which times the person should be exposed to which light intensity and/or light wavelengths, and/or to darkness.
  • the adjustment of the affecting pattern to the provided actual personal information is preferentially performed in realtime.
  • the apparatus is preferentially adapted to influence the circadian rhythm of the person.
  • the initial affecting pattern providing device is preferentially adapted to generate an initial affecting pattern based on initial personal information provided by the person.
  • the apparatus can comprise an input unit allowing the person to enter personal information like wake-up and go-to-sleep times; the chronotype of the person; desired rest times and alert times of the person; if the person intends to fly, departure location and time and arrival location and time; et cetera. Based on this provided personal information the initial affecting pattern providing device
  • the actual personal information providing device comprises a sensor for sensing actual personal information. It is further preferred that the sensor is a light sensor for sensing the light to which the person is exposed.
  • the sensor can also be another kind of sensor like a movement sensor, for example, an accelerometer, for providing personal information regarding activity and rest of the person, which can be used to deduce personal information about the homeostatic sleep pressure of the person.
  • the sensor allows to sense actual personal information, in particular, without requiring an action of the person.
  • the actual personal information can therefore be provided without disturbing the person.
  • the sensor just has to be connected to other elements of the apparatus like the affecting pattern adaptation device, i.e. since the sensor does not need an external data connection like an Internet connection, the sensor can also be used, if such an external data connection is not present. Such a situation, in which an external data connection is not present, can occur during a flight, if it is not allowed to use mobile data communication systems.
  • the actual personal information providing device comprises a receiving unit for receiving the actual personal information from a database.
  • the data base contains at least one of actual flight data and actual agenda data of the person as the actual personal information. This allows to adjust the affecting pattern and, thus, the biological rhythm of the person in accordance with, for example, a flight delay or certain meetings, at which the person should be alert, defined in the actual agenda.
  • the affecting pattern and, thus, the biological rhythm can dynamically be adapted to changes in the flight plan and in the agenda.
  • the receiving unit is preferentially connected to the data base via an online connection like an Internet connection or a radio connection.
  • the person affecting device comprises spectacles, wherein the degree of light transmission of the spectacles is controllable by the control device depending on the adapted affecting pattern.
  • the spectacles can be worn by the person without significantly disturbing the person. Moreover, affecting the person by modifying the light to which the person is exposed leads to a very effective influence of the biological rhythm of the person.
  • At least a part of the personal information providing device and/or of the control device can be integrated in the person affecting device.
  • a sensor like a light sensor or a motion sensor and the control device can be integrated in the spectacles.
  • the light sensor can be used to measure the light to which the person is exposed, wherein the degree of light transmission can be controlled depending on the measured light and the affecting pattern, which may be influenced by the measured light, for shifting the biological rhythm.
  • the motion sensor can be used to determine whether and when the person wears the spectacles and to control the degree of transmission depending on this personal information.
  • the spectacles are preferentially adapted to control the degree of light transmission of a certain wavelength range, in particular, of blue light. Affecting the person by the presence or absence of blue light effectively influences the biological rhythm of the person. Thus, by using or eliminating blue light for affecting the person the quality of influencing the biological rhythm of the person can further be improved.
  • the person affecting device comprises a light device emitting light for being directed to the person, wherein the light is controllable by the control device depending on the adapted affecting pattem.
  • the light intensity and/or light wavelengths can be controllable depending on the adapted affecting pattern.
  • the light device is preferentially adapted to emit blue light.
  • the light device can be integrated in spectacles to be worn by the person. Since the light is provided by the light source and not by the environment, light can be provided, which is optimized for affecting the person such that the biological rhythm of the person is influenced. This further improves the quality of influencing the biological rhythm of the person.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device is adapted to determine an actual circadian phase of the person depending on the provided actual personal information and to adapt the affecting pattern depending on the determined actual circadian phase.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device can be adapted to determine a desired circadian phase, which is desired, for example, because of entered wake-up and go-to-sleep times, flight departure time and location and arrival time and location, desired alert and rest times, different time zones, et cetera, to determine a difference between the actual circadian phase of the person and the desired circadian phase of the person and to adapt the affecting pattern to this determined difference.
  • the spectacles and/or the light device can be controlled depending on the determined difference for influencing the biological rhythm of the person.
  • the person's actual circadian phase may be currently two hours behind in relation to the current time zone, as a result of jet lag, and as such the spectacles would block or emit blue light at a time in which this would bring the user's circadian phase forward, to decrease the two hours time difference.
  • At least the actual personal information providing device, the affecting pattern adaptation device and the control device are integrated in the person affecting device.
  • the functions fulfilled by these devices and other elements of the apparatus can also be fulfilled by another number of units and/or devices.
  • Devices or units like the control device or the actual personal information providing device can be separate units or devices worn on the body, such as a watch, mobile phone, or activity monitor that communicates preferentially wirelessly to the person affecting device being preferentially controllable spectacles and/or a controllable light device.
  • the control device and the spectacles can be adapted to control the degree of transmission of the full spectrum of light, if the person wants to take a nap, wherein the napping time is considered by the affecting pattern adaptation device for determining the actual circadian phase, which is used for adapting the affecting pattern.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device can also be adapted to determine the actual homeostatic sleep pressure of the person as personal information, which may be used by the affecting pattern adaptation device for adapting the affecting pattern.
  • the apparatus comprises an input unit for inputting personal information, which may be actual personal information.
  • the input personal information is, for example, the chronotype of the person; how long the person has been awake; a flight number; already known future alert and rest times at which the person should be alert, for example, because of an important meeting, and at which the person can rest, respectively; a desired go-to-sleep and wake-up time; et cetera.
  • the apparatus is adapted to be used during a flight of the person and operable in a flight mode and in a non- flight mode
  • the actual personal information providing device comprises a sensor for sensing actual personal information and a receiving unit for receiving the actual personal information from an online connection
  • the actual personal information providing device is adapted to provide a) actual personal information sensed by the sensor in the flight mode and b) actual personal information sensed by the sensor and actual personal information received by the receiving unit in the non-flight mode.
  • the apparatus comprises a flight data providing unit for providing flight data and a flight mode setting unit for setting the flight mode or the non- flight mode depending on the flight data. This allows to use the apparatus also during a flight, wherein during the flight actual personal information is not received by the receiving unit, but provided by the sensor.
  • a person affecting device for affecting a person is presented, wherein the person affecting device is adapted to cooperate with:
  • an initial affecting pattern providing device for providing an affecting pattern defining the kind of affecting the person by the person affecting device
  • an actual personal information providing device for providing actual personal information of the person
  • an affecting pattern adaptation device for adapting the affecting pattern to the provided actual personal information
  • control device for controlling the person affecting device depending on the adapted affecting pattern such that the biological rhythm of the person is influenced.
  • an affecting pattern adaptation device for adapting an affecting pattern to a provided actual personal information is presented, the affecting pattern adaptation device being adapted to cooperate with:
  • an initial affecting pattern providing device for providing an affecting pattern defining the kind of affecting the person by the person affecting device
  • an actual personal information providing device for providing actual personal information of the person, wherein the affecting pattern adaptation device is configured to adapt the affecting pattern to the provided actual personal information, and
  • control device for controlling the person affecting device depending on the adapted affecting pattern such that the biological rhythm of the person is influenced.
  • a method for influencing a biological rhythm of a person comprises:
  • a computer program for influencing a biological rhythm of a person comprises program code means for causing an apparatus as defined in claim 1 to carry out the steps of the method as defined in claim 14, when the computer program is run on a computer controlling the apparatus.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically and exemplarily an embodiment of an apparatus for influencing a biological rhythm of a person
  • Fig. 2 shows exemplarily a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for influencing a biological rhythm of a person.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically exemplarily an apparatus for influencing the biological rhythm of a person.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a person affecting device 2 for affecting the person 5, an initial affecting pattern providing device 13 for providing an affecting pattern defining the kind of affecting the person by the person affecting device 2, an actual personal information providing device 4 for providing actual personal information of the person 5, an affecting pattern adaptation device 12 for adapting the affecting pattern to the provided actual personal information, and a control device 3 for controlling the person affecting device 2 depending on the adapted affecting pattern such that the biological rhythm of the person 5 is influenced.
  • the actual personal information providing device 4 comprises a sensor 7 for sensing actual personal information and a receiving unit 6 for receiving actual personal information from a data base 8.
  • the sensor 7 is light sensor for sensing the light to which the person 5 is exposed.
  • the light sensor 7 is preferentially adapted to sense the intensity and/or the wavelengths of the environmental light.
  • one or several further sensors can be provided for determining actual personal information of the person 5.
  • a movement sensor like an accelerometer can be provided for generating actual personal information regarding activity and rest of the person 5.
  • a temperature sensor can be provided to determine the body temperature and/or the ambient temperature, and/or sensors can be provided for determining the heart rate of the person, the melatonin level of the person, the body posture, et cetera.
  • a localization sensor like a GPS sensor can be provided for determining the location of the person, wherein the determined location of the person can be used, for example, for determining the current time zone as actual personal information.
  • the receiving unit 6 is adapted to receive personal information from online connections like Internet connections or radio connections from the data base 8.
  • the receiving unit 6 receives the flight plan of a flight used by the person 5, in particular, flight delay times.
  • the data base 8 is updated and the updated flight plan is transmitted to the actual personal information providing device 4 via the receiving unit 6.
  • the data base 8 can also contain other personal information like an agenda of the person, wherein, for instance, important meetings can be defined by the agenda and wherein these meetings indicate times at which the person should be alert and not tired. If the agenda is modified, this modification can be sent to the receiving unit 6 for adjusting the affecting pattern accordingly by the affecting pattern adaptation device 12.
  • the apparatus can therefore be synchronized with an agenda of, for example, a traveler, for instance, to avoid advice of darkness or bright like during a meeting.
  • the traveler can, before a flight, indicate when his or her performance should be optimized, for example, in the meeting with an important person at a certain time at a certain location, so that the affecting pattern is adjusted to make sure that the traveler's performance is at his/her best at that time.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device can use the traveler's agenda for several purposes.
  • Personal information can also be input via an input unit 11 by the person 5.
  • This input personal information is, for example, the chronotype of the person, i.e. if the person is a morning person or an evening person, a flight number, already known future alert and rest times at which the person should be alert, for example, because of an important meeting, and at which the person can rest, respectively.
  • the initial affecting pattern providing device 13 is adapted to generate a first affecting pattern being an initial affecting pattern. This initial affecting pattern is generated based on the personal information being present at the time of generating the first affecting pattern. For example, after the person has entered previously mentioned personal information like the flight number et cetera, the initial affecting pattern providing device 13 generates the initial affecting pattern.
  • the initial affecting pattern providing device 13 preferentially uses well known algorithms to generate the first affecting pattern, which make use of phase response curves that indicate how the body reacts to stimuli such as a light.
  • Preferred algorithms are disclosed in the articles "How to travel the world without Jet lag” by C. Eastman and H. Burgess, Sleep Medicine Clinics, Volume 4, Issue 2, pages 241-255 (2009); "Taking the Lag out of Jet Lag through Model-Based Schedule Design” by Dennis A. Dean et al, PLoS Computational Biology 5(6): el000418.
  • the initial affecting pattern providing device is adapted to generate an initial affecting pattern which influences the circadian rhythm of the person by using light and/or darkness, wherein personal information such as the chronotype or the intrinsic pacemaker period serves as parameter in a model that determines the effect of light on the circadian rhythm, which is used for determining the initial affecting pattern.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 can be adapted to use the same algorithms as used by the initial affecting pattern providing device 13, or the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 can be adapted to use other known algorithms for adapting the affecting pattern.
  • the control device 3 is adapted to control the person affecting device 2 depending on the affecting pattern, which can be adapted by the affecting pattern adaptation device 12.
  • the affecting pattern defines how the person 5 should be affected, wherein the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 adapts the affecting pattern depending on the actual personal information provided by the actual personal information providing device 4 and optionally also depending on the personal information entered via the input unit 11.
  • the affecting pattern defines at which times the person should be influenced by which means.
  • the affecting pattern can define at which times the person should be exposed to which light intensity and/or light wavelengths, and/or to darkness.
  • the first adaptation performed by the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 is an adaptation of this first, initial affecting pattern. If further adaptations of the affecting pattern are necessary because of new actual personal information, the affecting pattern adaptation device preferentially adapts the previously adapted affecting pattern.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 adjusts the affecting pattern in response to provided actual personal information, the control of the person affecting device 2 and, thus, of the biological rhythm of the person can dynamically be adjusted to current personal information.
  • the adjustment is preferentially performed in realtime. This allows the apparatus 1 to dynamically influence the biological rhythm of the person 5 depending on actual personal information.
  • the affecting pattern can be adjusted based on environmental changes experienced during a day.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 is preferentially adapted to determine an actual circadian phase depending on the provided actual personal information and to adapt the affecting pattern depending on the actual circadian phase.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 is preferentially adapted to determine a difference between the actual circadian phase of the person and a desired circadian phase, i.e. a circadian phase which should actually be present considering personal information like wake-up and go-to-sleep times or like departure time and location and arrival time and location, et cetera, in relation to the time of the day and to adjust the affecting pattern depending on the determined phase difference.
  • the person affecting device 2 preferentially comprises spectacles, wherein the degree of light transmission of the spectacles is controllable by the control device 3 depending on the adapted affecting pattern.
  • the intensity and/or wavelengths of the transmitted light are preferentially controlled depending on the determined affecting pattern.
  • the spectacles are adapted to control the intensity of transmitted blue light.
  • the affecting pattern can be determined or adjusted depending on the phase difference between a current circadian phase and a desired circadian phase.
  • the apparatus can therefore be adapted to control the degree of light transmission depending on this determined phase difference. For example, if the person's current circadian phase is currently two hours behind in relation to the current time zone which defines the desired circadian phase, for example, as a result of jet lag, the affecting pattern can be defined such that the spectacles block blue light in order to bring the user's circadian phase forward and to decrease the two hours time difference.
  • At least a part of the actual personal information providing device 4 and/or of the control device 3 can be integrated into the person affecting device 2.
  • the sensor 7 and the receiving unit 6, and the control device 3 can be integrated in the spectacles.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 and/or the initial affecting pattern providing device 13 can be integrated in the person affecting device 2.
  • at least one of the control device 3, the actual personal information providing device 4 and the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 can be at least in parts separate units worn on the body of the person, such as a watch, a mobile phone, or an activity monitor that communicates preferentially wirelessly to the spectacles.
  • the spectacles are preferentially also adapted to control the degree of transmission of the full spectrum of light, in particular, if the person 5 wants to take a nap, wherein the napping time can be used by the affecting pattern adaptation device for determining the actual circadian phase of the person.
  • the person can input that the person intends to sleep via the input unit 11 which results in a blocking of the full spectrum of light by the spectacles. If the person sleeps, no light or very little light will reach the retina and hence no influence of light on the circadian rhythm is expected. A nap can therefore be regarded as a darkness stimulus, which can be considered while determining the actual circadian phase of the person.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device can be adapted to determine the homeostatic sleep pressure of the person depending on the nap, for example, on the nap time and/or nap intensity. If the person takes a nap, the homeostatic sleep pressure of the person decreases. Thus, the affecting pattern adaptation device can be adapted to determine a reduced homeostatic sleep pressure, if the person takes a nap, wherein the reduction preferentially increases, if the nap time and/or the nap intensity increase. The determined homeostatic sleep pressure of the person can be used to adapt the affecting pattern.
  • the person affecting device 2 preferentially comprises a light device for emitting light for being directed to the person 5, wherein the light of the light device is controllable by the control device 3 depending on the adapted affecting pattern.
  • the light device is preferentially adapted to emit blue light.
  • the light device can be integrated in the spectacles to be worn by the person. However, the light device can also be a separate device.
  • a misalignment of the internal body clock and the sleep-wake rhythm as a consequence of adapting to a different time zone can have serious consequences for mood, decision making, and health.
  • alignment to the new time zone should be minimized.
  • adaptation to the new time zone should be optimized.
  • the timing of light exposure, but also the timing of the absence of light, is crucial for both jet lag and relief strategies.
  • the affecting pattern defines therefore preferentially at which times the person is exposed to which kind of light, wherein the kind of light is defined by the intensity and/or wavelengths of the light.
  • the apparatus for influencing a biological rhythm of a person can allow for a faster recovery from jet lag, can minimize mood disturbance after travelling through zones, and can minimize performances decline after travelling through time zones.
  • Known general jet lag calculators are not coupled to a treatment device like the light device or the spectacles of the person affecting device 2.
  • known general jet lag calculators only use basic information for advice, mainly the times in the country of departure and arrival.
  • the advice is not personal, i.e. not tailored to specific circumstances of the traveler, for example, advice of total darkness during boarding or advice of light during meetings, not tailored to the traveler's chronotype, and not tailored to the needs of a particular traveler, for example, in case of long stays, adaptation to the new time zone should be optimized, whereas in case of short trips, alignment to the new time zone should be minimized, and the advice is not adapted to the time at which the traveler needs to perform at his/her best.
  • the advice of general known jet lag calculators is not dynamic. It does not adapt based on new incoming information.
  • the apparatus described above with reference to Fig. 1 can be used as a jet lag reliever, wherein the advice in the form of the determined affecting pattern is provided to the actual treatment devices, i.e. the person affecting device 2, for affecting the person in accordance with the affecting pattern.
  • the affecting pattern can be adapted to traveler's circumstances, chronotype, and needs, by determining or adjusting the affecting pattern depending on the provided personal information. Since this personal information can be provided via sensors or, for example, online connections, the affecting pattern can be adjusted dynamically by using up-to-date information, in particular, on-the-fly, during travelling, in particular, on the flight.
  • the apparatus can, for example, consider the information on, when and for how long the person has actually slept during the flight, and timing of actual light intake before, during and after the flight.
  • the apparatus is preferentially adapted to allow a person to input at least one of the following personal information: time information of departure and arrival countries, regular sleep-wake patterns, the chronotype of the person, and when the person needs to perform at his/her best in the destination country.
  • the sleep-wake pattern could also be deduced from settings in a wake-up device like an alarm clock or the Wake-up Light produced by Philips via a wireless or wired data connection.
  • the receiving unit 6 can be connected to the wake-up device.
  • the input unit 11 can be adapted to receive a flight number only, wherein the corresponding time information can be retrieved from the data base 8 or another data base comprising the time information.
  • the input unit 11 can be adapted to ask the person to fill out a chronotype questionnaire, wherein the control device or the input unit is adapted to determine the chronotype from the chronotype questionnaire. If the apparatus is adapted to allow the person to enter the flight number only, wherein the
  • the control device preferentially determines the duration of the trip, for example, if it is a short stay or a long trip, and boundary conditions, for example, when the traveler will probably be unable to use the apparatus or to be in total darkness. For example, during the process of checking-in at the airport total darkness is impossible and light exposure might be difficult during meetings.
  • Personal information can dynamically be provided by the personal information providing device 4.
  • updated information is preferentially provided during travelling on the flight.
  • up-to-date travel information is provided, wherein, for instance, in case of a flight delay the flight delay can be automatically received by the receiving unit 6 from the data base 8 or another database comprising the flight information and wherein this flight delay is used by the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 for adjusting the affecting pattern.
  • this up-to-date travel information in particular, a flight delay, can also be entered by a person into the apparatus via the input unit 11.
  • further personal information can be provided by the light sensor 7 and possible further sensors like an acceleromenter.
  • the light sensor measures 7 how much light the person is exposed to and when.
  • the light sensor and possible further sensors can, for example, be integrated into the person affecting device 2 comprising preferentially the spectacles and/or the light device. If the accelerometer is integrated into the spectacles, the accelerometer signals can be used for determining when the person wears the spectacles. Also this personal information can be used to adjust the affecting pattern.
  • the apparatus is preferentially further adapted to allow the person to enter when he/she has slept and been awake via the input unit 11. Alternatively, the accelerometer or a camera observing whether the eyes of the person are closed can be used to determine, if the person is sleeping or not, i.e. in an accelerometer or a camera observing whether the eyes of the person are closed can be used to determine, if the person is sleeping or not, i.e. in an accelerometer or observing whether the eyes of the person are closed can be used to determine
  • the apparatus automatically determines when the person has slept and when the person has been awaked. Based on the provided information, in particular, based on the flight number, the regular sleep-wake pattern, the traveler's chronotype, the traveler's needs, i.e.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 determines an affecting pattern, wherein an initial affecting pattern, which has been determined based on, for example, the regular sleep-wake pattern, the traveler's chronotype, the traveler's needs, the duration of the trip, and the above mentioned boundary conditions, or a previously adapted affecting pattern is adapted based on the provided up-to-date information.
  • the resulting affecting pattern is preferentially a light/dark schedule which the person should follow to reduce jet lag.
  • the determined or adjusted affecting pattern is provided to the person affecting device for influencing the person in accordance with the affecting pattern.
  • the person affecting device preferentially comprises spectacles, wherein the transmission of light through the spectacles is controllable by the control device, and/or the light device.
  • the light device is, for example, the Philips product goLITEBLU.
  • the light device is adapted to expose the person to radiation in accordance with the determined affecting pattern preferentially automatically.
  • the light device can also comprise a display showing the determined affecting pattern including indications of optimal timing, lengths, and intensity of light exposure, wherein the person is prompted, for example, via sound notification, when he/she should switch the radiation on and off or when he/she should wear his/her own dark sunglasses.
  • These dark sunglasses preferentially have a maximal light transmission of 15 % and/or preferentially block blue light, and do not need to be the above described spectacles with a controllable degree of transmission.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 preferentially uses algorithms based on existing knowledge of circadian processes for adapting the affecting pattern based on the provided actual information. Also the initial affecting pattern providing device 13 preferentially uses these algorithms for determining an initial affecting pattern.
  • the light sensor 7 is shown as being separate from the person affecting device 2, this light sensor or another light sensor can also be integrated into the light device of the person affecting device 2.
  • the light device can include a light sensor being preferentially a luxmeter for light measurements. The light device can use the measured light to adapt the strength of the emitted light.
  • the light device does not need to emit the brightest light - as long as the total sum of light that the person is exposed to will reach the intended effect being preferentially a shift of the circadian rhythm. If, for example, according to the determined affecting pattern the person should be exposed to a certain intensity of blue light, the light device can be adapted to expose the person to blue light such that the overall intensity of the blue light, to which the person is exposed, meets the intensity defined by the affecting pattern.
  • the signal of the light sensor can therefore be used to determine and/or adjust the affecting pattern and/or to ensure that the overall intensity of the light, to which the person is exposed to, meets the intensity defined by the affecting pattern.
  • the apparatus can be adapted to be used as a jet lag reliever.
  • the apparatus can be operable in a flight mode and in a non- flight mode.
  • the actual personal information providing device 4 is then preferentially adapted to provide a) actual personal information sensed by the sensor 7 in the flight mode and b) actual personal information sensed by the sensor 7 and actual personal information received by the receiving unit 6 in the non- flight mode.
  • the apparatus can comprise a flight data providing unit 14 for providing flight data and a flight mode setting unit 15 for setting the flight mode or the non- flight mode depending on the flight data. This allows the apparatus to automatically determine whether the person is in a flying plane or not and to operate the apparatus in the respective mode without requiring an interaction with the person.
  • the optional flight data providing unit 40 and the optional flight mode setting 15 are indicated by dashed boxes.
  • Sensitive melanopsin ganglion cells are sensitive to light, in particular, to blue light and influence waking performance and physiology. The person affecting device therefore preferentially influences the intensity of blue light to which the person is exposed.
  • the apparatus can be used to improve mood and energy by regulating the internal body clock or circadian rhythm - the body's 24-hour cycle of activity and sleep related to light.
  • Light therapy is a natural way of beating, for example, the winter blues, without use of drugs of artificial stimulants.
  • the light device can be the Philips goLITEBLU light device.
  • the light device can also be blue light goggles.
  • the blue light goggles comprise blue light emitting light devices arranged above glasses of the blue light goggles such that the blue light is directly delivered to the eyes to improve sleep quality, in particular, of older adults.
  • the circadian system may require a stronger light stimulus due to deteriorating neural processes in the brain. These physical and neural changes can lead to muted signals to the circadian system. Since by using the blue light goggles, the light can be delivered directly into the eyes, these adverse effects can be reduced.
  • the spectacles which have a controllable light transmission, comprise preferentially electrochromatic glasses which change their color and/or which become darker in response to a certain amount of electric current supplied to the spectacles
  • the electrochromatic glasses preferentially comprise an electrochromic polymer that has the ability to change levels of darkness and color in the presence of the electric current.
  • the spectacles preferentially comprise a current source like a small watch battery, wherein the amount of electric current applied to the electrochromatic glasses is controllable by the control device 3.
  • the electrochromic glasses only have low power requirements and can be powered by commercialized cell batteries.
  • the electric currents are similar to standard light emitting diode power consumption rates and can easily be switched or powered by standard microprocessors with analogue output or digital output in combination with pulse width modulation being a well known standard electrical engineering principle.
  • the spectacles can therefore comprise a standard microprocessor with analogue output or digital output for controlling the electric current applied to the electrochromatic glasses by pulse width modulation.
  • the standard microprocessor can be a part of the control device 3, which may be integrated into the spectacles, or can communicate with the control device 3, which may also be external of the spectacles, by using a wired or wireless data communication device.
  • the amount of electric charge needed to switch the optical state of the electrochromatic glasses is preferentially low.
  • the needed amount of electric charge for switching to a fully colored state is smaller than 0.02 C.
  • commercialized cell batteries which have a standard electric capacity of about 100 C, can therefore be used as current source.
  • a single cell battery with 1.55 V DC potential (Energizer EPX 76) can be used for allowing the spectacles to reach their fully colored and transparent state.
  • the charge time is, for example, 2 s.
  • the electrochromatic glasses comprise preferentially a multi-layer structure.
  • a cathodic electrochromic polymer material in particular [3,3-dimethyl-3,4- dihydro-2H-thieno[3,4-b][l,4]dioxepine](PProDOT-Me2), is utilized as an
  • a counter layer is a vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ) film, which serves as an ion storage layer.
  • V 2 O 5 vanadium oxide
  • a polymer gel electrolyte is sandwiched between the working and counter layers as an ionic transport layer.
  • the spectacles can be adapted to automatically adjust the passage of blue light depending on the difference between the person's current circadian phase, which is preferentially measured or estimated by the affecting pattern adaptation device, and a desired circadian phase in relation to the time of day.
  • the user's current circadian phase may be currently two hours behind in relation to the current time zone, as a result of jet lag, and as such the spectacles would block blue light at a time at which this would bring the person's circadian phase forward, to decrease the two hours time difference.
  • the apparatus is preferentially adapted such that the spectacles limit the passage of the full spectrum light when the person wants to take a nap, and to relate this back into the affecting pattern adaptation device for considering the napping time while determining the actual circadian phase.
  • the apparatus can be adapted such that all light passes the spectacles at a time when blue light enhances the circadian rhythm, blue light is blocked at a time when blue light distorts the circadian rhythm, full light spectrum is limited at a time when the person indicates that he/she wants to take a nap, and it is slowly returned to pass all light after napping, wherein the glasses are slowly made transparent when the person wants to wake-up.
  • the apparatus can therefore be adapted to determine a blue-blocking time defined in an affecting pattern based on the determined current circadian phase of the person and a go-to-sleep time indicated by the person, for example, entered into the apparatus via the input unit 11.
  • the apparatus in accordance with the present invention can use the sensors to calculate and keep track of the circadian phase, based on inputs like light received, body postures and activity levels during the day, skin and ambient
  • the control device, the affecting pattern adaptation device, the actual personal information providing device and optionally also the initial affecting pattern providing device can be embedded in any combination of body worn devices, mobile devices, watches, or the person affecting device, in particular, the spectacles and/or the light device, itself.
  • the person enters a preferred go-to-sleep time into the apparatus via the input unit.
  • the go-to-sleep time can also be derived automatically from an activity monitor history, with an easy to use override possibility by the person.
  • the apparatus can be fully automated and preferentially also senses the local time zone, for example, via GPS or another localisation system. Based on the go-to-sleep time, local time zone, and person's circadian phase the spectacles will automatically start blocking the blue spectrum at the optimal time to move the person's circadian rhythm forward or backward.
  • the spectacles can therefore include the possibility of manually adjusting the darkness of the glasses to take a nap.
  • the napping has an effect on the circadian rhythm, which can directly be feedbacked to the affecting pattern adaptation device.
  • the spectacles could have a 'nap' button that darkens the glasses, and clears the glasses when pressed again.
  • the button can be connected to a electric current adjusting means for adjusting the current supplied by a battery like a watch battery to the electrochromatic glasses of the spectacles.
  • the napping can be double-checked, for example, by the control device or the affecting pattern adaptation device via an activity sensor, EEG or other sensors available in the apparatus.
  • the person can set a wake-up time by the input unit, or receives a wake-up signal from another application such as for example the iNap iPhone application that gives a wake-up signal when arriving at a certain geographical location.
  • the glasses could then start to lighten up gracefully at a certain period before the desired wake-up time like the Philips Wake-up Light does.
  • an extra audio and/or vibration signal can be given, either in the spectacles, a mobile device, or a watch worn by the user, to make sure that the user wakes up.
  • the wake-up moment can be planned when arriving at light sleep close before arrival, or close before the set wake-up time as done in the Sleep Tracker watch by Innovative Sleep Solutions LLC.
  • the wake-up moment can be planned before arriving at deep sleep to make sure that it is no more than a real nap.
  • the available activity and other sensors can be used to determine the sleep stages in this implementation.
  • the napping time could possibly be combined with a relaxation program played back on the mobile device, such as offered via various iPhone applications.
  • the spectacles/glasses can be sunglasses, in particular, MP3 sunglasses, overlay glasses, et cetera.
  • the apparatus for influencing a biological rhythm of a person can be used as jet lag reliever which can be coupled to the Wake-up Light made by Philips for sleep-wake pattern information.
  • the apparatus for influencing a biological rhythm of a person can also be used for shift-workers, people with circadian rhythm and seasonal effective disorders, blind people, elderly people, et cetera.
  • the input unit can be any unit which allows the person to enter personal information into the apparatus.
  • the input unit can comprise a keyboard or a mouse.
  • the input unit comprises a display and a graphical user interface for allowing the person to enter the personal information.
  • step 101 an initial affecting pattern is provided defining a kind of affecting the person by the person affecting device 2.
  • step 102 actual personal information of the person is provided by the actual personal information providing device 4. Further personal information can be entered into the apparatus 1 via the input unit 11 by the person 5.
  • the initial affecting pattern is adapted to the provided actual personal information.
  • the affecting pattern adaptation device 12 determines the actual circadian phase of the person based on the actual personal information and adapts the initial affecting pattern based on the determined current circadian phase.
  • the person affecting device 2 is controlled depending on the adapted affecting pattern, thereby affecting the person such that the biological rhythm of the person 5 is influenced.
  • steps 102 to 104 can be performed in a loop, in order to continuously and dynamically adapt the affecting pattern and, thus, the biological rhythm of the person to the actually provided personal information.
  • Data in particular, personal information provided by the actual personal information providing device and via the input unit, can be managed by a generic time- and-calendar stamp data management system.
  • the personal information can be provided by using several elements like the above mentioned sensors, receiving units, a clock, in particular, an atomic clock, et cetera.
  • the apparatus can comprise an output unit like a display for outputting information like the personal information, the affecting pattern, et cetera.
  • the light sensor is, for example, an intensity sensor, which can be adapted to measure the light intensity wavelength dependent.
  • the light sensor can be adapted to measure the light intensity within a certain spectrum only, in particular, only the light intensity of blue light may be measured.
  • the light sensor may be integrated into any of the above mentioned devices, for example, in the spectacles or in the light device.
  • the light sensor can also be a separate unit which may be integrated into a watch or a pin.
  • the light sensor can be integrated into the legs of the spectacles.
  • the spectacles might comprise a small camera to detect whether the eyes of the person are open or closed, if the traveler wears the spectacles.
  • a pressure and/or temperature sensor can be integrated into the spectacles, wherein, for example, if the pressure and/or temperature is within a predefined pressure range and/or temperature range, respectively, it is determined that the person actually wears the spectacles.
  • the degree of transmission of the spectacles preferentially varies in a controllable way between 2% and 30%.
  • Functions like affecting the person, providing actual personal information, controlling the person affecting device, adapting the affecting pattern, providing an initial affecting pattern performed by one or several units or devices can be performed by any other number of units or devices.
  • providing actual personal information, controlling the person affecting device, adapting the affecting pattern, providing an initial affecting pattern can be performed by a single unit or by any other number of different units.
  • the determinations, adaptations and/or the control of the apparatus for influencing a biological rhythm of a person in accordance with the above described method for influencing a biological rhythm of a person can be implemented as program code means of a computer program and/or a dedicated hardware.
  • a computer program may be stored/distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium, supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems.
  • a suitable medium such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium, supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for influencing a biological rhythm of a person, which comprises a person affecting device for affecting the person.
  • An initial affecting pattern providing device provides an affecting pattern defining the kind of affecting the person by the person affecting device.
  • An actual personal information providing device provides actual personal information of the person and an affecting pattern adaptation device adapts the affecting pattern to the provided actual personal information, wherein the person affecting device is controlled by a control device depending on the adapted affecting pattern such that the biological rhythm of the person is influenced.
  • the affecting pattern can therefore dynamically be adjusted to the actual personal situation of the person, thereby dynamically influencing the biological rhythm of the person depending on actual personal information.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil (1) permettant d'influer sur le rythme biologique d'une personne (5) et comprenant un dispositif capable d'avoir un effet sur une personne (2) en vue d'exercer un tel effet sur ladite personne. Un dispositif capable de fournir un schéma initial d'exercice d'un effet (13) fournit un schéma d'exercice d'un effet définissant le type d'effet que doit avoir, sur la personne, le dispositif capable d'avoir un effet sur une personne (2). Un dispositif capable de fournir des informations personnelles effectives (4) fournit des informations personnelles effectives sur la personne (5) et un dispositif d'adaptation du schéma d'exercice d'un effet (12) adapte ledit schéma au vu des informations personnelles effectives fournies, le dispositif capable d'avoir un effet sur la personne (2) étant contrôlé par un dispositif de commande (3) dépendant du schéma adapté pour influer sur le rythme biologique de la personne (5). Le schéma d'exercice d'un effet peut donc être adapté de façon dynamique en fonction de la situation personnelle effective de la personne de façon à influer, de façon dynamique, sur le rythme biologique de la personne en fonction d'informations personnelles effectives.
PCT/IB2011/050172 2010-01-21 2011-01-14 Appareil utilisé pour influer sur le rythme biologique d'une personne WO2011089540A1 (fr)

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